An IGBT power module driving circuit

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of motor controller design, and discloses an IGBT power module driving circuit. It includes: a driving pre-stage subcircuit, a driving subcircuit, a sampling subcircuit and a double-terminal isolated driving power supply subcircuit; the driving pre-stage subcircuit receives a PWM wave control signal and isolates, shapes and logically processes the received control signal as an input signal of the driving subcircuit; the driving subcircuit amplifies the small signal output by the driving pre-stage subcircuit into a power signal output for driving the IGBT; the sampling subcircuit is used to sample the bus voltage of the IGBT and the phase current of the three-phase power output by the IGBT; the double-terminal isolated driving power supply subcircuit is used to power the driving subcircuit. Using a double-terminal isolated driving power supply, the negative voltage short-circuit can effectively suppress the misleading conduction caused by crosstalk, and has good reliability and anti-electromagnetic interference; the driving module adopts differential driving signal input to improve the anti-common mode interference capability of the driving signal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of motor controller design, and in particular relates to an IGBT power module drive circuit. Background Art

[0002] The electric propulsion system provides energy and power for the aircraft to overcome resistance and fly, and is mainly composed of battery packs, electric motors, controllers, and propellers. The battery pack converts chemical energy into electrical energy to provide the aircraft with the energy it needs; the electric motor converts electrical energy into mechanical energy, and the controller controls the output power required to meet different flight conditions; the propeller provides the aircraft with power to fly.

[0003] The electric propulsion drive system motor controller is an important device for realizing electric energy conversion, which is used to control the efficient and reliable operation of the electric propulsion drive motor. The power conversion part mainly includes the power switch tube, the power switch tube gate drive circuit, the voltage and current transformer, etc. Therefore, in order to realize the efficient and reliable operation of the electric propulsion drive motor, the reliable drive of the power tube under high power conditions must be considered.

[0004] As the most commonly used power control module for motor controllers, IGBT power modules must ensure the correct on / off of IGBTs and the safe operation of power circuits. Generally, mature IGBT driver modules can be directly used, such as CONCEPT's SCALE series drivers and Bronze Sword's drivers. However, the driver modules produced by these domestic and foreign manufacturers are often separate modules, and the interfaces are relatively complex during the overall design of the controller, which is not friendly to the overall structural design of the controller. Therefore, it is of great significance to design an integrated, high-performance, and economical IGBT driver. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to design an IGBT power module drive circuit based on the shortcomings or deficiencies of the prior art to solve the problem of reliable driving of the IGBT power module of the motor controller.

[0006] An IGBT power module driving circuit comprises: a driving pre-stage sub-circuit, a driving sub-circuit, a sampling sub-circuit and a double-terminal isolation driving power supply sub-circuit;

[0007] The driving pre-stage sub-circuit receives the PWM wave control signal and isolates, shapes and performs logic processing on the received control signal to serve as the input signal of the driving sub-circuit;

[0008] The driving sub-circuit amplifies the small signal output by the driving previous sub-circuit into a power signal output for driving the IGBT;

[0009] The sampling subcircuit is used to sample the bus voltage of the IGBT and the phase current of the three-phase electricity output by the IGBT;

[0010] The two-terminal isolated driving power subcircuit is used to supply power to the driving subcircuit.

[0011] Furthermore, the driving front-stage sub-circuit includes: an optical coupling isolation circuit unit and a logic circuit unit;

[0012] The optical coupling isolation circuit unit includes: an isolation optical coupler U101, current limiting resistors R101, R103, R104, R106, filter resistors R102, R105, filter capacitors C104, C105 and filter capacitors C101, C102;

[0013] Pin 8 and pin 5 of the isolation optocoupler U101 are connected to the control power supply and the control power supply ground respectively, one end of the resistors R101 and R103 are connected to pin 1 and pin 2 of the isolation optocoupler U101 respectively, and the other ends of the resistors R1 and R3 are connected to the A-channel PWM wave differential signal;

[0014] One end of the resistors R104 and R106 are connected to the 4th and 3rd pins of the isolation optocoupler U101 respectively, and the other ends of the resistors R104 and R106 are connected to the B-channel PWM wave differential signal;

[0015] One end of the resistors R102 and R105 are connected to the 7th and 6th pins of the isolation optocoupler U101 respectively, and the other ends of the resistors R102 and R105 serve as the output of the isolation optocoupler U101;

[0016] Capacitor C104 and capacitor C105 are connected in parallel to the output ends of resistors R102 and R105 and grounded respectively;

[0017] Capacitor C101 and capacitor C102 are connected in parallel between pin 8 and pin 5 of the isolation optocoupler U101;

[0018] The logic circuit unit includes: a dual-channel inverter U102;

[0019] Pin 1 and pin 3 of the dual-channel inverter U102 are connected to the output ends of resistors R102 and R105 as two input ends of the inverter, and pin 6 and pin 1 of the dual-channel inverter U102 are connected to the driving sub-circuit as output ends.

[0020] Further, the driving subcircuit includes: an upper tube driving subcircuit and a lower tube driving subcircuit;

[0021] The upper tube driving subcircuit includes: a driving chip U301, a signal side circuit unit and a driving side circuit unit;

[0022] The 15th pin of the driver chip U301 is connected to the control power supply, and the 9th pin is connected to the control power supply ground; the 5th pin is connected to the positive output of the driving power supply, and the 8th pin is connected to the negative output of the driving power supply;

[0023] The signal side circuit unit includes: light emitting diodes LD301, LD302, buffer capacitors C308-C310, filter capacitors C311-C316, pull-up resistors R305-R307, filter resistors R308, R309, R325, and current limiting resistors R318, R319;

[0024] Resistor R305 is connected in parallel between pin 15 and pin 12 of driver chip U301, resistor R306 is connected in parallel between pin 15 and pin 13, and R307 is connected in parallel between pin 15 and pin 14; one end of resistors R308 and R309 are connected to the positive and negative output signals of the front-stage sub-circuit of the driver respectively, and the other end is connected to pin 10 and pin 11 of driver chip U301 respectively; capacitors C308~C310 are connected in parallel between pin 15 and pin 9 of driver chip U301; capacitor C311 is connected in parallel between pin 10 and pin 9, capacitor C312 is connected in parallel between pin 11 and pin 9; capacitor C313 is connected in parallel between pin 12 and pin 9, capacitor C314 is connected in parallel between pin 12 and pin 9, capacitor C315 is connected in parallel between pin 12 and pin 9, capacitor C316 is connected in parallel between pin 12 and pin 9, capacitor C317 is connected in parallel between pin 12 and pin 9, capacitor C318 is connected in parallel between pin 12 and pin 9, capacitor C319 is connected in parallel between pin 12 and pin 9, capacitor C320 is connected in parallel between pin 12 and pin 9, capacitor C321 is connected in parallel between pin 12 and pin 9, capacitor C322 is connected in parallel between pin 11 and pin 9, capacitor C323 is connected in parallel between pin 12 and pin 9, capacitor C324 is connected in parallel between pin 12 and pin 9, capacitor C325 is connected in parallel between pin 12 and pin 9, capacitor C326 is connected in parallel between pin 12 and pin 9, capacitor C327 is connected in parallel between pin 12 and pin 9, capacitor C328 is connected in parallel between pin 12 and pin 9, capacitor C329 C314 is connected in parallel between pin 13 and pin 9, capacitor C315 is connected in parallel between pin 14 and pin 9, one end of resistor R318 is connected to the anode of light-emitting diode LD301, the cathode of LD301 is connected to the control power ground GND_Q, and the other end of resistor R318 is connected to pin 12 of driver chip U301; one end of resistor R319 is connected to the anode of light-emitting diode LD302, the cathode of LD302 is connected to the control power ground GND_Q, and the other end of resistor R319 is connected to pin 13 of driver chip U301; one end of resistor R325 is connected to the control power ground through capacitor C316, and the other end is connected to pin 16 of driver chip U301;

[0025] The driving side circuit unit includes: clamping diodes D301, D302, voltage regulators D303-D310, clamping field effect transistor Q301, on / off gate resistors R310-R313, R314-R317, resistors R301-R304, R320-R324, buffer capacitors C301-C306, and capacitor C307;

[0026] One end of the resistor R301 is connected to the positive output +15V of the driving power supply, and the other end is connected to the 2nd foot of the driving chip U301 through the resistor R303. The resistor R304 and the capacitor C307 are connected in parallel between the 2nd foot of the driving chip U301 and the driving power ground. The anode of the voltage regulator D303 is connected to the driving power ground, and the cathode is connected to between the resistor R301 and the resistor R303. One end of the resistor R302 is connected to the cathode of the voltage regulator D303, and the other end is connected to the anode of the diode D301. The diodes D301 and D302 are connected in series in the same direction, and the cathode of the diode D302 is connected to the drain of the upper tube of the IGBT. Connection; Zener tubes D304 to D309 are connected in series in the same direction, wherein D309 is a bidirectional Zener tube, the cathode of Zener tube D304 is connected to the drain of the upper tube, Zener tube D309 is connected to the gate of the upper tube, resistors R314 to R317 are gate turn-on resistors, one end of which is connected to pin 4 of the driver chip U301 after being connected in parallel, resistors R310 to R313 are gate turn-off resistors, one end of which is connected to pin 6 of the driver chip U301 after being connected in parallel, the other ends of resistors R310 to R317 are all connected to the gate of the upper tube, and resistor R320 is connected in parallel with Zener tube D310 between the gate and the source of the upper tube;

[0027] One end of the resistor R321 is connected to the 7th pin of the driver chip U301, and the other end is connected to the resistors R322 and R323 at the same time. The other end of R322 is connected to the gate of the upper tube, and the other end of R323 is connected to the gate of the clamping field effect tube Q301. The drain of the clamping field effect tube Q301 is connected to the gate of the upper tube, and the source of the clamping field effect tube Q301 is connected to the negative output of the driving power supply. The resistor R324 is connected in parallel between the gate and the source of the clamping field effect tube Q301; the capacitors C301 and C302 are connected in parallel between the 8th pin of the driver chip U301 and the driving power supply ground; the capacitors C305 and C306 are connected in parallel between the 5th pin of the driver chip U301 and the driving power supply ground; the capacitors C303 and C304 are connected in parallel between the 5th pin and the 8th pin of the driver chip U301;

[0028] The lower tube driving subcircuit includes: a driving chip U302, wherein the 10th and 11th pins of the driving chip U302 are respectively connected to the negative and positive output signals of the driving previous subcircuit, and the connection relationship of other parts of the lower tube driving subcircuit is the same as that of the upper tube driving subcircuit.

[0029] Further, the sampling subcircuit includes: a bus voltage sampling unit and a phase current sampling unit;

[0030] The bus voltage sampling unit includes: an isolation amplifier U201, sampling resistors R201-R205, R210, R211, filter capacitors C201, C202, C203, and resistors R206, R209;

[0031] Pin 1 and Pin 4 of the operational amplifier isolation U201 are connected to the isolation power supply 5VQ1 and QGND1 ground respectively, Pin 3 of the isolation operational amplifier U201 is also connected to QGND1, Pin 8 and Pin 5 are connected to the analog 5V power supply and analog ground respectively, one end of the resistor R201 is connected to the bus positive, and the other end is connected to Pin 2 of the isolation operational amplifier U201 after being connected in series with resistors R202, R203, and R204, and resistor R205 is connected in parallel with R204;

[0032] After resistors R210 and R211 are connected in parallel, one end is connected to pin 2 of the isolation amplifier U201, and the other end is connected to the bus ground QGND1;

[0033] One end of capacitor C201 is connected to pin 2 of isolation amplifier U201, and the other end is connected to bus ground QGND1. Capacitor C202 is connected between pin 1 of isolation amplifier U201 and bus ground QGND1. Capacitor C203 is connected between pin 8 of isolation amplifier U201 and analog ground.

[0034] Resistors R206 and R209 are connected to pins 7 and 6 of the isolation amplifier U201 respectively, and the other ends are used as differential signal outputs;

[0035] The phase current sampling unit includes: a shunt, an isolation amplifier U202, sampling resistors R207, R213, a filter capacitor C206, bypass capacitors C204, C205, and resistors R208, R212;

[0036] The shunt is used to collect bus current.

[0037] Pin 1 and Pin 4 of the isolation op amp U202 are connected to the isolation power supply 5VQ2 and ground QGND2 respectively, Pin 8 and Pin 5 are connected to the analog 5V power supply and analog ground respectively, one end of resistors R207 and R211 are connected to the shunt respectively, and the other end is connected to Pin 2 and Pin 3 of the isolation op amp U202 respectively, C206 is connected in parallel between Pin 2 and Pin 3, capacitor C204 is connected to Pin 1 and Pin 4, capacitor C205 is connected to Pin 8 and analog ground; one end of resistors R208 and R212 are connected to Pin 7 and Pin 6 of the isolation op amp U202 respectively, and the other end is used as differential signal output.

[0038] Further, the sampling subcircuit further includes: an isolated power supply unit, the isolated power supply unit including: a power supply chip U203, a power supply chip U204, enabling resistors R214, R215, R216, R217, and filter capacitors C207-C210, C211-C214;

[0039] Pin 1 of the power chip U203 is connected to the power supply +15V, pin 2 is connected to the input power ground, resistors R214 and R215 are connected in series between the power supply +15V and the input power ground; pin 3 of the power chip U203 is connected between resistors R214 and R215, and pin 5 is the output of the isolated power supply 5V Q1; C207 and C208 are connected in parallel between the power supply 5VQ1 and QGND1

[0040] Pin 1 of the power chip U204 is connected to the power supply +15V, pin 2 is connected to the input power ground, resistors R216 and R217 are connected in series between the power supply +15V and the input power ground; pin 3 of the power chip U204 is connected between resistors R216 and R217, and pin 5 is the output of the isolated power supply 5VQ2; C213 and C214 are connected in parallel between the power supply 5VQ2 and QGND2.

[0041] Further, the double-ended isolated drive power subcircuit includes: a push-pull power drive converter U402, a double-ended output transformer U401, a BAV70 diode D401, a TL431 voltage regulator Q401, filter capacitors C401, C402, C403, C404, C405, C406, C407, a current limiting resistor R401, and voltage regulating resistors R402 and R403;

[0042] Pin 5 and pin 2 of the push-pull power driver converter U402 are connected to the +5V input, and pin 1 and pin 3 are connected to pin 3 and pin 1 of the double-ended output transformer U401 as the output of the push-pull power driver converter U402; pin 2 of the double-ended output transformer U401 is connected to the +5V input, pin 4 and pin 6 of the double-ended output transformer U401 are connected to pin 1 and pin 2 of the BAV70 diode D401, and pin 5 of the double-ended output transformer U401 is used as the output power supply -8V; one end of C404, C405, and C406 is connected to the power supply +15V, and the other end is connected to the power supply -8V , one end of the resistor R401 is connected to the power supply +15V, and the other end is connected to the pin 1 of the TL431 voltage regulator Q401, and the pin 3 of the TL431 voltage regulator Q401 is connected to the power supply -8V; one end of the capacitor C403 is connected to the power supply +15V, and the other end is connected to the GND_UP drive ground; one end of the capacitor C407 is connected to the power supply -8V, and the other end is connected to the GND_UP drive ground; pin 2 of the TL431 voltage regulator Q401 is connected to the GND_UP drive ground through the resistor R402, and pin 2 of the TL431 voltage regulator Q401 is also connected to the power supply -8V through the resistor R403.

[0043] Further, the two-terminal isolation drive power sub-circuit also includes: current limiting resistors R404, R405 and indicator lights LD401, LD402;

[0044] The anode of indicator light LD401 is connected to the power supply +15V through resistor R404, and the cathode is connected to the output ground;

[0045] The anode of indicator light LD402 is connected to the output ground, and the cathode is connected to the power supply -8V through resistor R405.

[0046] Furthermore, the driver chip U301 is a UCC21732 driver IC from TI.

[0047] Beneficial Effects

[0048] Aiming at the problem that the interface of the existing driving module of the IGBT power device of the motor controller is complex, which leads to the difficulty of controller structure design, the present invention designs a driving circuit of the IGBT power module to improve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0049] The present invention proposes a driving circuit for a power module, which includes functions such as IGBT driving, bus voltage sampling, and phase current sampling. Test results show that the driving module has a good driving effect, low input and output delays, and can reliably drive the IGBT to operate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0050] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the front-stage sub-circuit of the driver;

[0051] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of sampling subcircuit;

[0052] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a driving subcircuit;

[0053] FIG3(a) is a circuit diagram of the upper tube of the driving subcircuit, and FIG3(b) is a circuit diagram of the lower tube of the driving subcircuit;

[0054] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the double-terminal isolated drive power subcircuit;

[0055] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the power waveform (left) and load voltage curve (right) of the IGBT power module drive circuit;

[0056] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the IGBT drive test waveform;

[0057] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the IGBT drive test waveform with the time axis magnified 1000 times;

[0058] Figure 8 This is the double pulse drive test waveform of the IGBT power module at 540V voltage. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0059] The present invention proposes a driving circuit for an IGBT power module. The circuit has a compact structure and a small size. It adopts a double-end isolated driving power supply. The negative voltage short circuit can effectively suppress the mis-conduction caused by crosstalk, and has good reliability and anti-electromagnetic interference. The driving module adopts differential driving signal input to improve the anti-common mode interference capability of the driving signal. It includes bus voltage sampling, three-phase current sampling, and fault processing. The driving IC chip integrates short-circuit protection, active clamping, voltage monitoring, Miller clamping, and fault output functions. The driving device mainly includes the following parts:

[0060] 1. Driving the pre-stage circuit

[0061] The driver pre-stage circuit is composed of an optocoupler isolation circuit and a logic circuit. The optocoupler isolation circuit realizes the isolation of the drive control signal and the drive signal. The input end adopts a differential mode to improve the anti-common mode interference capability of the drive control signal, further ensuring the reliable input of the drive control circuit. The logic circuit inverts the logic of the isolation circuit on the one hand, and shapes the drive signal on the other hand. Figure 1 shown.

[0062] The optocoupler isolation circuit consists of HCPL-0738 isolation optocoupler U101, current limiting resistors R101, R103, R104, R106, filter resistors R102, R105, filter capacitors C104, C105 and filter capacitors C101, C102. Among them, pin 8 and pin 5 of U101 are connected to the control power supply and the control power supply ground respectively; one end of resistors R101 and R103 are connected to pin 1 and pin 2 of U101 respectively, and the other end is connected to the differential control signal PWMA positive and PWMA negative; one end of R104 and R106 are connected to pin 4 and pin 3, and the other end is connected to the differential control signal PWMB positive and PWMB negative; R102 and R105 are connected to pin 7 and pin 6 of U101 respectively, which are the outputs of the optocoupler circuit, and C104 and C105 are connected in parallel between the two output ends and the control power supply ground, and form a low-pass filter circuit with R102 and R105.

[0063] The logic circuit inverts the logic of the isolation circuit on the one hand, and shapes the drive signal on the other hand. Its function is realized by the SN74LVC2G04 dual-channel inverter U102. Pins 1 and 3 of U102 are the two input ends of the inverter, connected to the other end of R102 and R105, and connected to the other end of C104 and C105; Pins 6 and 1 of U102 are the corresponding output ends connected to the drive circuit, which is used to control the upper and lower switch tubes. C103 is a power filter capacitor, which is connected to the control power supply and the control power supply ground respectively.

[0064] 2. Sampling circuit

[0065] The sampling circuit mainly includes bus voltage sampling, phase current sampling and the corresponding isolated power supply circuit. Bus voltage sampling and phase current sampling use isolated operational amplifiers to improve the signal's anti-interference ability. The circuit schematic is shown in the figure below. Figure 2 shown.

[0066] The power supplies of the bus voltage sampling and phase current sampling circuits are isolated from each other. The isolated power supply circuit consists of TPS70950 power supply chips U203 and U204, enabling resistors R214, R215, R217, and R216, and filter capacitors C207~C210, C211~C214. In the bus voltage sampling isolated power supply circuit, pin 1 of the power supply chip U203 is connected to the input power supply +15V, pin 2 is connected to the input power supply ground, R214 and R215 are connected in series, and the two ends are respectively connected to the power supply +15V and the corresponding ground, pin 3 of the U203 chip is connected to the other end of R214 and R215, and pin 5 is the output of the bus voltage isolation power supply 5VQ1. C207 and C208 are connected in parallel between the power supply 5VQ1 and QGND1. In the phase current sampling isolated power supply circuit, pin 1 of the power supply chip U204 is connected to the input power supply +15V, pin 2 is connected to the input power supply ground, R217 and R216 are connected in series, and the two ends are respectively connected to the power supply +15V and the corresponding ground, pin 3 of the U204 chip is connected to the other end of R214 and R215, pin 5 is the output of the bus voltage isolated power supply 5VQ2, and C213 and C214 are connected in parallel between the power supply 5VQ2 and QGND2.

[0067] The bus voltage sampling circuit collects the bus voltage by voltage division, and is composed of ACPL-C87B isolation amplifier U201; voltage sampling resistors R201~R205, R210, R211, filter capacitors C201, C202, C203, and resistors R206 and R209. Among them, pins 1 and 4 of U201 are connected to the isolated power supply 5VQ1 and QGND1 ground, pin 3 is also connected to QGND1 ground, pins 8 and 5 are connected to the input +5VA and analog ground AGND, one end of R201 is connected to the bus positive D_UP, and the other end is connected in series with resistors R202 and R203, R204 and R205 are connected in parallel, and the other end is connected to pin 2 of U201 as a voltage input, R210 and R211 are connected in parallel, and one end is also connected to Pin 2 of U201 is connected, and the other end is connected to the bus ground QGND1. One end of C201 is connected to pin 2 of U201, and the other end is connected to the bus ground QGND1. C202 is connected to pin 1 of U201, and the other end is connected to the bus ground QGND1. C203 is connected to pin 5 as a power supply filter capacitor, and the other end is connected to the analog ground AGND. R206 and R209 are connected to pins 7 and 6 of U201 respectively, and the other ends are the positive and negative differential signal outputs respectively.

[0068] The phase current sampling circuit collects the bus current through a shunt, and is composed of an AMC1302 isolation amplifier U202, current sampling resistors R207 and R213, filter capacitors C206, C204 and C205, and resistors R208 and R212. Among them, pin 1 and pin 4 of U202 are connected to the isolated power supply 5VQ2 and QGND2, pin 8 and pin 5 are connected to analog +5VA and analog ground AGND, one end of R207 and R211 are connected to current signals SENSE1 and SENSE2 as differential inputs, and the other end is connected to pin 2 and pin 3 of chip U202 respectively; C206 is connected in parallel at both ends of pin 2 and pin 3 of chip U202; C204 is connected to pin 1 of U202, and C205 is connected to pin 8 of U202 as power supply filter capacitors; R208 and R212 are connected to pin 7 and pin 6 of U202 respectively, and the other end is differential signal output CURENT_P and CURENT_N.

[0069] 3. Driving circuit

[0070] The drive circuit uses TI's UCC21732 driver IC, which has an isolation capability of up to 5.7kV, a drive current of 10A, and a CMTI of up to 150V / ns, enabling it to directly drive a 1200V / 600A power module in high-power driving, and integrates short-circuit protection, active clamping, voltage monitoring, Miller clamping, and fault output functions. Except for the fault signal circuit and reset circuit, the circuit consists of two identical circuits, which drive the upper and lower tubes of the SIC respectively. The circuit schematic is shown in the figure below. Figure 3(a) , 3(b) Taking the upper tube drive circuit as an example, the upper tube drive circuit is divided into a signal side sub-circuit (left) and a drive side sub-circuit (right) with the driver chip U301 as the boundary. The 15th pin of U301 is connected to the control power supply 5V_Q, the 9th pin is connected to the control power ground GND_Q, the 5th pin is connected to the drive positive output power supply +15V_UP, and the 8th pin is connected to the drive negative output power supply -8V_UP.

[0071] The signal side sub-circuit is composed of light emitting diodes LD301, LD302, buffer capacitors C308-C310, filter capacitors C311-C316, pull-up resistors R305-R307, filter resistors R308, R309, R325, and current limiting resistors R318, R319. Resistor R305 is connected in parallel between pin 15 and pin 12 of driver chip U301, resistor R306 is connected in parallel between pin 15 and pin 13, and R307 is connected in parallel between pin 15 and pin 14; resistors R308 and R309 are connected to two input PWM signals (corresponding to pin 6 and pin 4 of the inverter), and the other ends are connected to pin 10 and pin 11 of chip U301 as input respectively; capacitors C308~C310 are connected in parallel between pin 15 and pin 9 of chip U301, C311 is connected in parallel between pin 10 and pin 9, C312 is connected in parallel between pin 11 and pin 9, and C313 is connected in parallel between pin 12 and pin 9. C314 is connected in parallel between pin 13 and pin 9, and C315 is connected in parallel between pin 14 and pin 9; resistor R318 is connected in series with light-emitting tube LD301, and the other end of R318 is connected to pin 12 of chip U301, and the cathode of LD301 is connected to the control power ground GND_Q; R319 is connected in series with LD302, and the other end of R319 is connected to pin 13 of U301, and the cathode of LD302 is connected to the control power ground GND_Q; R325 is connected in series with capacitor C316, and the other end of R325 is connected to pin 16 of U301, and the other end of C316 is connected to the control power ground GND_Q;

[0072] The drive side sub-circuit is composed of diodes D301, D302, voltage regulator tubes D303, D304~D309, D310, MOSFET tube Q301, on / off gate resistors R310~R313, R314~R317, resistors R301~R304, R320~R324, filter capacitors C301~C306, and absorption capacitor C307. Among them, the sub-circuit composed of R301, R302, D301, D302, R303, R304, C307 and D303 realizes the over-current protection function of the IGBT power module; during the conduction period, the 12th pin (OC pin) of U301 provides a short-circuit current detection function. Under normal circumstances, the OC port maintains a relatively low voltage. When overcurrent occurs, the OC port voltage increases. When the voltage reaches the threshold, the power module will be turned off. The diodes D301 and D302 realize the isolation between the high voltage and the drive side. For 1200V silicon carbide power modules, the withstand voltage of these diodes should be 600V; D304~D309 are connected in series to form an active clamping function for the gate, and the clamping diode D310 is used to realize overvoltage protection for the gate. To avoid parasitic conduction caused by system power-on, the gate is connected to the drive ground through a 10K resistor R320, forming a bypass between the gate and the drive ground, which can effectively and quickly realize the shutdown of the IGBT; the sub-circuit composed of Q301, R321~R324 realizes the function of Miller clamping.One end of resistor R301 is connected to the positive output power supply +15V_UP of the driving power supply, R303 is connected in parallel between the other end of R301 and the 2nd foot of chip U301, R304 and capacitor C307 are connected in parallel between the 2nd foot and the driving power supply ground GND_UP; the anode of the voltage regulator D303 is connected to the driving power supply ground, and the cathode is connected to the connection between R301 and R303, and one end of R302 is also connected here, and diodes D301 and D302 are connected in series in the same direction. The anode of 301 is connected to the other end of R302, and the cathode of D302 is connected to the drain DRAIN_UP of the upper tube of the IGBT; the voltage regulator tubes D304~D309 (D309 is a bidirectional voltage regulator tube) are connected in series in the same direction to form a chain, the cathode of D304 is connected to the drain DRAIN_UP of the upper tube, and the end of D309 is connected to the gate GATE_UP; R314~R317 are gate turn-on resistors, one end of which is connected in parallel to the 4th pin of U301, and R31 0~R313 are gate turn-off resistors, one end of which is connected in parallel to pin 6. The other ends of these 8 resistors are all connected to the upper tube gate GATE_UP. R320 and the voltage regulator D310 are connected in parallel between the upper tube gate and the source. One end of the resistor R321 is connected to pin 7 of the chip U301, and the other end is connected to R322 and R323 at the same time. The other end of R322 is connected to the upper tube gate, and the other end of R323 is connected to the gate of the MOS tube Q301. The drain of Q301 The electrode is connected to the gate of the IGBT upper tube, the source of Q301 is connected to the driving negative output power supply -8V_UP, and the resistor R324 is connected in parallel between the gate and source of Q301; the capacitors C301 and C302 are connected in parallel between the 8th pin of the chip U301 and the driving power ground GND_UP, C305 and C306 are connected in parallel between the 5th pin of the chip U301 and the driving power ground GND_UP, and C303 and C304 are directly connected in parallel between the 5th pin and the 8th pin.

[0073] The connection method of the lower tube driving circuit is the same as that of the upper tube, but the two input signals are exchanged, that is, the 6th pin of the inverter is input to the 11th pin of the chip U302 after filtering, and the 4th pin of the inverter is input to the 10th pin after filtering. The components and connection relationship are shown in Figure 3(b). The source of the upper tube and the drain of the lower tube are connected to form a half-bridge circuit.

[0074] 4. Double-ended isolated drive power supply circuit

[0075] The double-ended isolated drive power supply circuit realizes the isolated DC-DC conversion function with input 5V and output of +15V and -8V, providing isolated power supply for the IGBT power device drive circuit. The double-ended isolated drive power supply circuit solution adopts a push-pull DC-DC isolation converter. The controller selects TI's SN5605B push-pull power drive converter, which is a low-noise, low-EMI, push-pull transformer driver specially designed for small isolated power supplies. The device drives a thin, center-tapped transformer with a 2.25V to 5V DC power supply. The isolation transformer uses a double-ended output transformer with model number 750317819 from WE, with a primary input voltage of 5V and an output voltage of 24V. The BAV70 diode is used for rectification and the TL431 is used for precision voltage regulation to achieve outputs of +15V and -8V. Finally, a light-emitting diode is used to indicate the dual power supply output. The circuit principle is as follows Figure 4 shown.

[0076] The double-ended isolated drive power supply circuit consists of SN5605B push-pull power drive converter U402, 750317819 double-ended output transformer U401, BAV70 diode D401, TL431 voltage regulator Q401, filter capacitors C401, C402, C403, C404, C405, C406, C407, current limiting resistors R401, R404, R405, voltage regulating resistors R402, R403 and indicator lights LD401, LD402. Among them, the 5th and 2nd pins of the control chip U402 are connected to the 5V input, and the 1st and 3rd pins are connected to the 3rd and 1st pins of U401 as the output of U402; C401 and C402 are connected to the input power supply 5V and the input power supply ground GND_IN respectively as power supply filter capacitors; the 2nd pin of U401 is connected to the 5V input, the 4th and 6th pins of U401 are connected to the 1st and 2nd pins of D401, and the 5th pin is used as the output power supply -8V. The 3rd pin of D401 is connected to the output power supply +15V_UP. C404, C405, C406 are used as rectifier filter capacitors, one end of which is connected to the output power supply +15V_UP, and the other end is connected to the output power supply -8V_UP; R401, R402, R403, Q401 constitute a precision voltage regulation subcircuit, in which R401 is connected to the output power supply +15V_UP, and the other end is connected to the 1st pin of the precision voltage regulator Q401; the 3rd pin of the precision voltage regulator Q401 is connected to the output power supply -8V_UP; C403 and C4 07 is used as the supporting capacitor of the output power supply, among which, one end of C403 is connected to the output power supply +15V_UP, one end of C407 is connected to the output power supply -8V_UP, and the other ends of C407 and C403 are both connected to the GND_UP driving ground; one end of R402 is connected to the GND_UP driving ground, and the other end is connected to R403 and pin 2 of the precision voltage regulator Q401 to achieve output voltage stability; the other end of R403 is connected to the output power supply -8V_UP.

[0077] Example

[0078] A drive circuit suitable for an IGBT power module, the module adopts TI's UCC21732 driver IC, has an isolation capability of up to 5.7kV, a drive current of 10A, and a CMTI of up to 150V / ns, so that it can directly drive a 1200V / 600A power module in high-power drive, and integrates short-circuit protection, active clamping, voltage monitoring, Miller clamping, fault output and other functions.

[0079] The rated output power of the dual-terminal isolated drive power supply supporting the drive circuit is 4.6W. The power supply was tested and the results are as follows Figure 5As shown, the voltage ripple is between 400 and 500mV, the load regulation is 2.58% (+15V output end) and 10.7% (-8V output end) at full load, and the efficiency is 83.9% at full load. The maximum delay of the rising and falling edges of the driver module is 350ns. The drive test results are shown in Figures 6 to 8 shown.

Claims

1. An IGBT power module drive circuit, characterized in that: The circuit comprises: a pre-driving sub-circuit, a driving sub-circuit, a sampling sub-circuit and a double-terminal isolation driving power supply sub-circuit; The driving pre-stage sub-circuit receives the PWM wave control signal and isolates, shapes and performs logic processing on the received control signal as the input signal of the driving sub-circuit; the driving pre-stage sub-circuit includes: an optical coupling isolation circuit unit and a logic circuit unit; The optical coupling isolation circuit unit includes: an isolation optical coupler U101, current limiting resistors R101, R103, R104, R106, filter resistors R102, R105, filter capacitors C104, C105 and filter capacitors C101, C102; Pin 8 and pin 5 of the isolation optocoupler U101 are connected to the control power supply and the control power supply ground GND_Q respectively, one end of the resistors R101 and R103 are connected to pin 1 and pin 2 of the isolation optocoupler U101 respectively, and the other ends of the resistors R101 and R103 are connected to the PWMA_P end and the PWMA_N end of the PWM wave differential signal of channel A respectively; One end of the resistors R104 and R106 are connected to the 4th and 3rd pins of the isolation optocoupler U101 respectively, and the other ends of the resistors R104 and R106 are connected to the PWMB_P end and the PWMB_N end of the B-channel PWM wave differential signal; One end of the resistors R102 and R105 are connected to the 7th and 6th pins of the isolation optocoupler U101 respectively, and the other ends of the resistors R102 and R105 serve as the output of the isolation optocoupler U101; The capacitor C104 and the capacitor C105 are respectively connected in parallel to the output terminals of the resistors R102 and R105 and connected to the control power ground GND_Q; Capacitor C101 and capacitor C102 are connected in parallel between pin 8 and pin 5 of the isolation optocoupler U101; The logic circuit unit includes: a dual-channel inverter U102; Pin 1 and pin 3 of the dual-channel inverter U102 are connected to the output ends of resistors R102 and R105 as two input ends of the inverter, and pin 6 and pin 4 of the dual-channel inverter U102 are connected to the driving sub-circuit as output ends; The driving sub-circuit amplifies the small signal output by the driving previous sub-circuit into a power signal output for driving the IGBT; The sampling subcircuit is used to sample the bus voltage of the IGBT and the phase current of the three-phase power output by the IGBT; the sampling subcircuit includes: a bus voltage sampling unit and a phase current sampling unit; The bus voltage sampling unit includes: an isolation amplifier U201, sampling resistors R201-R205, R210, R211, filter capacitors C201, C202, C203, and resistors R206, R209; Pin 1 and Pin 4 of the operational amplifier isolation U201 are connected to the isolation power supply 5VQ1 and the bus ground QGND1 respectively, Pin 3 of the isolation operational amplifier U201 is also connected to the bus ground QGND1, Pin 8 and Pin 5 are connected to the analog 5V power supply and the analog ground respectively, one end of the resistor R201 is connected to the bus positive, and the other end is connected to Pin 2 of the isolation operational amplifier U201 after being connected in series with resistors R202, R203, and R204, and resistor R205 is connected in parallel with R204; After resistors R210 and R211 are connected in parallel, one end is connected to pin 2 of the isolation amplifier U201, and the other end is connected to the bus ground QGND1; One end of capacitor C201 is connected to pin 2 of isolation amplifier U201, and the other end is connected to bus ground QGND1. Capacitor C202 is connected between pin 1 of isolation amplifier U201 and bus ground QGND1. Capacitor C203 is connected between pin 8 of isolation amplifier U201 and analog ground. Resistors R206 and R209 are connected to pins 7 and 6 of the isolation amplifier U201 respectively, and the other ends are used as differential signal outputs; The phase current sampling unit includes: a shunt, an isolation amplifier U202, sampling resistors R207, R213, a filter capacitor C206, bypass capacitors C204, C205, and resistors R208, R212; The shunt is used to collect bus current. Pin 1 and Pin 4 of the isolation amplifier U202 are connected to the isolation power supply 5VQ2 and the power ground QGND2 respectively, Pin 8 and Pin 5 are connected to the analog 5V power supply and the analog ground respectively, one end of resistors R207 and R213 are connected to the shunt respectively, and the other end is connected to Pin 2 and Pin 3 of the isolation amplifier U202 respectively, C206 is connected in parallel between Pin 2 and Pin 3, capacitor C204 is connected to Pin 1 and Pin 4, capacitor C205 is connected to Pin 8 and the analog ground; one end of resistors R208 and R212 are connected to Pin 7 and Pin 6 of the isolation amplifier U202 respectively, and the other end is used as a differential signal output; The double-ended isolated driving power supply sub-circuit is used to supply power to the driving sub-circuit, and the double-ended isolated driving power supply sub-circuit includes: a push-pull power driving converter U402, a double-ended output transformer U401, a BAV70 diode D401, a TL431 voltage regulator Q401, filter capacitors C401, C402, C403, C404, C405, C406, C407, a current limiting resistor R401, and voltage regulating resistors R402 and R403; Pin 5 and pin 2 of the push-pull power driver converter U402 are connected to the +5V input, and pin 1 and pin 3 are connected to pin 3 and pin 1 of the double-ended output transformer U401 as the output of the push-pull power driver converter U402; pin 2 of the double-ended output transformer U401 is connected to the +5V input, pin 4 and pin 6 of the double-ended output transformer U401 are connected to pin 2 and pin 1 of the BAV70 diode D401 respectively, and pin 5 of the double-ended output transformer U401 is used as the output power supply -8V; one end of C404, C405, and C406 is connected to the power supply +15V, and the other end is connected to the power supply -8V One end of the resistor R401 is connected to the power supply +15V, and the other end is connected to the 1st pin of the TL431 voltage regulator Q401, and the 3rd pin of the TL431 voltage regulator Q401 is connected to the power supply -8V; one end of the capacitor C403 is connected to the power supply +15V, and the other end is connected to the GND_UP drive ground; one end of the capacitor C407 is connected to the power supply -8V, and the other end is connected to the GND_UP drive ground; the 2nd pin of the TL431 voltage regulator Q401 is connected to the GND_UP drive ground through the resistor R402, and the 2nd pin of the TL431 voltage regulator Q401 is also connected to the power supply -8V through the resistor R403.

2. The IGBT power module driving circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving subcircuit comprises: an upper tube driving subcircuit and a lower tube driving subcircuit; The upper tube driving subcircuit includes: a driving chip U301, a signal side circuit unit and a driving side circuit unit; The 15th pin of the driver chip U301 is connected to the control power supply, the 9th pin is connected to the control power supply ground GND_Q; the 5th pin is connected to the positive output of the driving power supply, and the 8th pin is connected to the negative output of the driving power supply; The signal side circuit unit includes: light emitting diodes LD301, LD302, buffer capacitors C308-C310, filter capacitors C311-C316, pull-up resistors R305-R307, filter resistors R308, R309, R325, and current limiting resistors R318, R319; Resistor R305 is connected in parallel between pin 15 and pin 12 of driver chip U301, resistor R306 is connected in parallel between pin 15 and pin 13, and R307 is connected in parallel between pin 15 and pin 14; one end of resistors R308 and R309 are respectively connected to the positive and negative output signals of the driving pre-stage sub-circuit, and the other end is respectively connected to pin 10 and pin 11 of driver chip U301; capacitors C308~C310 are all connected in parallel between pin 15 and pin 9 of driver chip U301; capacitor C311 is connected in parallel between pin 10 and pin 9, capacitor C312 is connected in parallel between pin 11 and pin 9; capacitor C313 is connected in parallel between pin 12 and pin 9, and capacitor C314 is connected in parallel between pin 11 and pin 9. 14 is connected in parallel between pin 13 and pin 9, capacitor C315 is connected in parallel between pin 14 and pin 9, one end of resistor R318 is connected to the anode of light-emitting diode LD302, the cathode of LD302 is connected to the control power ground GND_Q, and the other end of resistor R318 is connected to pin 12 of driver chip U301; one end of resistor R319 is connected to the anode of light-emitting diode LD301, the cathode of LD301 is connected to the control power ground GND_Q, and the other end of resistor R319 is connected to pin 13 of driver chip U301; one end of resistor R325 is connected to the control power ground GND_Q through capacitor C316, and the other end is connected to pin 16 of driver chip U301; The driving side circuit unit includes: clamping diodes D301, D302, voltage regulators D303-D310, clamping field effect transistor Q301, gate resistors R314-R317, gate resistors R310-R313, resistors R301-R304, R320-R324, buffer capacitors C301-C306, and capacitor C307; One end of the resistor R301 is connected to the positive output +15V of the driving power supply, and the other end is connected to the 2nd foot of the driving chip U301 through the resistor R303. The resistor R304 and the capacitor C307 are connected in parallel between the 2nd foot of the driving chip U301 and the GND_UP driving ground. The anode of the voltage regulator D303 is connected to the GND_UP driving ground, and the cathode is connected between the resistor R301 and the resistor R303. One end of the resistor R302 is connected to the cathode of the voltage regulator D303, and the other end is connected to the anode of the diode D301. The diodes D301 and D302 are connected in series in the same direction, and the cathode of the diode D302 is connected to the upper side of the IGBT. The drain of the tube is connected; the voltage regulator tubes D304~D309 are connected in series in the same direction, wherein D309 is a bidirectional voltage regulator tube, the cathode of the voltage regulator tube D304 is connected to the drain of the upper tube, the voltage regulator tube D309 is connected to the gate of the upper tube, the resistors R314~R317 are gate turn-on resistors, one end of which is connected to the 4th pin of the driver chip U301 after being connected in parallel, the resistors R310~R313 are gate turn-off resistors, one end of which is connected to the 6th pin of the driver chip U301 after being connected in parallel, the other ends of the resistors R310~R317 are all connected to the gate of the upper tube, and the resistor R320 is connected in parallel with the voltage regulator tube D310 between the gate and the source of the upper tube; One end of the resistor R321 is connected to the 7th pin of the driver chip U301, and the other end is connected to the resistors R322 and R323 at the same time. The other end of R322 is connected to the gate of the upper tube, and the other end of R323 is connected to the gate of the clamping field effect tube Q301. The drain of the clamping field effect tube Q301 is connected to the gate of the upper tube, and the source of the clamping field effect tube Q301 is connected to the negative output of the driving power supply. The resistor R324 is connected in parallel between the gate and the source of the clamping field effect tube Q301; the capacitors C301 and C302 are connected in parallel between the 8th pin of the driver chip U301 and the GND_UP driving ground; the capacitors C305 and C306 are connected in parallel between the 5th pin of the driver chip U301 and the GND_UP driving ground; the capacitors C303 and C304 are connected in parallel between the 5th pin and the 8th pin of the driver chip U301; The lower tube driving subcircuit includes: a driving chip U302, wherein the 10th and 11th pins of the driving chip U302 are respectively connected to the negative and positive output signals of the driving previous subcircuit, and the connection relationship of other parts of the lower tube driving subcircuit is the same as that of the upper tube driving subcircuit.

3. The IGBT power module driving circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sampling subcircuit further includes: an isolated power supply unit, the isolated power supply unit including: a power supply chip U203, a power supply chip U204, enabling resistors R214, R215, R216, R217, and filter capacitors C207-C210, C211-C214; Pin 1 of the power chip U203 is connected to the power supply +15V, pin 2 is connected to the bus ground GND_Q1, resistors R214 and R215 are connected in series between the power supply +15V and the bus ground GND_Q1; pin 3 of the power chip U203 is connected between resistors R214 and R215, and pin 5 is the output of the isolated power supply 5VQ1; C207 and C208 are connected in parallel between the power supply 5VQ1 and the bus ground QGND1 Pin 1 of the power chip U204 is connected to the power supply +15V, pin 2 is connected to the input power ground QGND2, resistors R216 and R217 are connected in series between the power supply +15V and the input power ground QGND2; pin 3 of the power chip U204 is connected between resistors R216 and R217, and pin 5 is the output of the isolated power supply 5VQ2; C213 and C214 are connected in parallel between the power supply 5VQ2 and the power ground QGND2.

4. The IGBT power module driving circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two-terminal isolation drive power subcircuit also includes: current limiting resistors R404, R405 and indicator lights LD401, LD402; The anode of indicator light LD401 is connected to the power supply +15V through resistor R404, and the cathode is connected to the output ground; The anode of indicator light LD402 is connected to the output ground, and the cathode is connected to the power supply -8V through resistor R405.

5. The IGBT power module driving circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driver chip U301 is the UCC21732 driver IC from TI.

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