A tunnel segment joint structure suitable for active fault zones and installation method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of tunnel safety technology, and is a tunnel segment joint structure and installation method suitable for active fault zones, wherein the structure includes a plurality of bow-shaped steel end templates symmetrically distributed in pairs between the front and rear secondary lining segments in the tunnel; the upper horizontal wing plates of the front and rear bow-shaped steel end templates are fixedly connected by a waterproof device; the waist grooves are connected by a high-strength spring; the lower horizontal wing plates are fixedly connected by a W-shaped waterstop; the front and rear bow-shaped steel end templates, the bottom casting template, the top initial support, and the front and two secondary lining stages are enclosed to form a post-casting strip, and the bottom casting template is provided with a casting hole. This scheme is suitable for joint construction with any cross-sectional shape. It is adaptable to various fault displacement situations in different directions. Even if a large deformation occurs, the inner W-shaped waterstop can adapt to its deformation, has good waterproof ability, and can be replaced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel safety, and in particular to a tunnel segment joint structure suitable for an active fault zone and an installation method. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, my country's tunnel construction technology has developed rapidly. Due to the vast territory of my country, it is difficult to avoid crossing fault fracture zones in route selection, which causes the tunnel lining to be subjected to various stress conditions including tension, shear, torsion, and bending. At present, most tunnel linings are rigid structures. After the displacement of the surrounding rock formations, great internal forces will be generated, affecting their durability and safety. Therefore, the optimization of the lining structure of tunnels crossing fault fracture zones has become an inevitable problem.

[0003] In the paper "Comparison of Segment Joint Structural Schemes for Long and Deep Segmental Immersed Tube Tunnels", six different joint structural schemes were proposed for segment joints of immersed tube tunnels, and the advantages and disadvantages of each scheme were described. However, all the proposed joint schemes are rigid joints, which are difficult to apply to active fault zones where large rock displacements may occur.

[0004] Patent No. CN110159306A designs a secondary lining flexible joint device and construction method for crossing active faults in response to the working conditions of tunnels crossing active faults. The secondary lining segments connected by high-strength springs in this invention can produce relative three-dimensional displacement, so they can play a role in tunnels under complex stress conditions such as shear, torsion, longitudinal tension and compression, and can adapt to fault displacement in various directions. However, this patent does not take into account joint waterproofing measures, which is limited in actual engineering use.

[0005] Although the above papers or patents have conducted corresponding research on the joints of tunnel segments, each of them has its own scope of application and it is difficult to directly apply them to fault geological conditions with high pressure water. Therefore, for this working condition, it is necessary to design a tunnel segment joint structure and its construction process that can be applied to active fault zones and can withstand high water pressure. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention provides a tunnel segment joint structure and an installation method suitable for an active fault zone, which solves the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a tunnel segment joint structure suitable for active fault zones, comprising: a plurality of bow-shaped steel end templates symmetrically distributed in pairs between the front and rear secondary lining segments in the tunnel;

[0008] The upper ends of the two front and rear bow-shaped steel end templates are fixedly connected by a waterproof device;

[0009] The waist grooves of the front and rear bow-shaped steel end templates are connected by a high-strength spring;

[0010] The horizontal wing plates at the lower ends of the front and rear bow-shaped steel end templates are fixedly connected by a W-shaped water stop;

[0011] The front and rear bow-shaped steel end formworks, the bottom pouring formwork, the top initial support, and the front and rear secondary lining stages are enclosed to form a post-casting strip, and the bottom pouring formwork is provided with pouring holes.

[0012] Preferably, the waterproof device is an Ω-shaped waterstop, and the two ends of the Ω-shaped waterstop are fixedly connected to the horizontal wing plates at the upper ends of the front and rear bow-shaped steel end templates respectively by bolts.

[0013] Preferably, a protective cover is provided on the upper end of the Ω-shaped waterstop, and the two ends of the protective cover are fixedly connected to the horizontal wing plates at the upper ends of the front and rear bow-shaped steel end templates respectively by bolts.

[0014] Preferably, the waist grooves of the two bow-shaped steel end templates at the front and rear ends of the high-strength spring are welded together, and the axial direction of the high-strength spring is parallel to the axial direction of the tunnel.

[0015] Preferably, the plurality of casting holes are arranged at intervals in an annular direction.

[0016] Preferably, the outer sides of the horizontal wing plates at the lower ends of the front and rear bow-shaped steel end templates are sealed and connected via a water receiving box, and the inner sides are fixedly connected via a W-shaped water stop strip.

[0017] Preferably, pre-embedded anchor bars are welded to the outer side of the bow-shaped steel end formwork, and the pre-embedded anchor bars are welded to the steel cage in the post-cast zone.

[0018] The present invention also provides an installation method for a tunnel segment joint structure applicable to an active fault zone, the installation method being used for constructing and installing the tunnel segment joint structure applicable to an active fault zone, and specifically comprising the following steps:

[0019] S1, install the steel cage and bottom casting formwork of the post-cast strip between the front and rear secondary lining segments in the tunnel, and install multiple bow-shaped steel end formworks symmetrically in pairs;

[0020] S2, the upper horizontal wing plates of the front and rear bow-shaped steel end templates are fixedly connected by a waterproof device; the waist grooves of the front and rear bow-shaped steel end templates are connected by a high-strength spring; the lower horizontal wing plates of the front and rear bow-shaped steel end templates are fixedly connected by a W-shaped water stop;

[0021] S3, the front and rear two bow-shaped steel end formworks, the bottom pouring formwork, the top initial support, and the front and two secondary lining stages are enclosed to form a post-casting strip, and the post-casting strip is poured through the pouring holes on the bottom pouring formwork.

[0022] Preferably, after S3, it also includes: after the concrete of the post-cast strip is poured, a water receiving box is installed, and the outer sides of the horizontal wing plates at the lower ends of the front and rear bow-shaped steel end templates are sealed and connected through the water receiving box.

[0023] Preferably, before S1, the step further includes: using high-pressure air to clean up the loose slag and debris in the post-casting zone, and then installing the steel cage at the post-casting zone, and connecting the annular main reinforcement through the sleeve.

[0024] Beneficial effects: The present invention provides a tunnel segment joint structure and installation method suitable for active fault zones, wherein the structure includes a plurality of bow-shaped steel end templates symmetrically distributed in pairs between the front and rear secondary lining segments in the tunnel; the upper horizontal wing plates of the front and rear bow-shaped steel end templates are fixedly connected by a waterproof device; the waist grooves are connected by a high-strength spring; the lower horizontal wing plates are fixedly connected by a W-shaped waterstop; the front and rear bow-shaped steel end templates, the bottom casting template, the top initial support, and the front and two secondary lining stages are enclosed to form a post-casting strip, and the bottom casting template is provided with a casting hole. This scheme is suitable for active fault zones, has a fast construction speed, and can be applied to tunnels of various cross-sectional shapes. It only needs to change the shape of the end template to assemble it into a closed section, and it can be applied to the construction of joints of any cross-sectional shape. It can withstand complex stress conditions such as longitudinal tension, compression, shearing, and torsion, and adapt to various fault dislocation conditions in different directions. Even if a large deformation occurs, the inner W-shaped waterstop can adapt to its deformation, has good waterproof ability, and can be replaced.

[0025] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present invention and implement it according to the contents of the specification, the following is a detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The specific implementation of the present invention is given in detail by the following embodiments and their accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of this application. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0027] Figure 1 It is a plan view of the tunnel segment joint structure applicable to the active fault zone of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the bow-shaped steel end template of the tunnel segment joint structure suitable for active fault zones of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 It is an assembly diagram of the curved segment bow-shaped end template of the tunnel segment joint structure suitable for active fault zones of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 This is an installation diagram of a waterproof device for a tunnel segment joint structure applicable to an active fault zone according to the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 This is an installation diagram of a W-type waterstop of a tunnel segment joint structure suitable for an active fault zone according to the present invention.

[0032] Explanation of the reference numerals in the drawings: initial support 1, secondary lining 2, post-cast strip 3, bow-shaped steel end formwork 4, grouting hole 5, Ω-type waterstop 6, high-strength spring 7, W-type waterstop 8, protective cover 9, water collecting box 10, embedded anchor bar 11, first bow-shaped steel end formwork 12, second bow-shaped steel end formwork 13, third bow-shaped steel end formwork 14, water-swelling rubber 15. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The principles and features of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention. The present invention is described in more detail by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings in the following paragraphs. The advantages and features of the present invention will become clearer according to the following description and claims. It should be noted that the drawings are all in a very simplified form and are not in precise proportions, and are only used to conveniently and clearly assist in explaining the purpose of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0034] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" another component, it may be directly on the other component or there may also be a component centered. When a component is considered to be "connected to" another component, it may be directly connected to the other component or there may also be a component centered. When a component is considered to be "set on" another component, it may be directly set on the other component or there may also be a component centered. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only.

[0035] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art of the present invention. The terms used herein in the specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items.

[0036] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the present invention provides a tunnel segment joint structure suitable for active fault zones, wherein the structure includes a plurality of bow-shaped steel end templates 4 symmetrically distributed in pairs between the front and rear two secondary lining 2 segments in the tunnel; the upper horizontal wing plates of the front and rear two bow-shaped steel end templates 4 are fixedly connected by a waterproof device; the waist grooves are connected by a high-strength spring 7; the lower horizontal wing plates are fixedly connected by a W-shaped water stop 8; the front and rear two bow-shaped steel end templates 4, the bottom casting template, the top initial support 1, and the front and rear two secondary lining 2 stages are enclosed to form a post-casting strip 3, and the bottom casting template is provided with a casting hole. This scheme is suitable for active fault zones, has a fast construction speed, and can be applied to tunnels of various cross-sectional shapes. It only needs to change the shape of the end template to assemble it into a closed section, and it can be applied to the construction of joints of any cross-sectional shape. It can withstand complex stress conditions such as longitudinal tension, compression, shearing, and torsion, and adapt to various fault dislocation conditions in different directions. Even if a large deformation occurs, the inner W-shaped water stop 8 can adapt to the deformation, has good waterproof ability, and can be replaced.

[0037] like Figure 3 As shown, this solution can be applied to tunnels of various cross-sectional shapes. It only needs to change the shape of the end template to assemble it into a closed cross-section, and it can be applied to the construction of joints of any cross-sectional shape. Specifically, the sides of the first bow-shaped steel end template 12, the second bow-shaped steel end template 13 and the third bow-shaped steel end template 14 located on the same side of the secondary lining 2 are assembled into a closed end face in sequence, and finally form a closed ring, which can be applied to the construction of joints of any cross-sectional shape, and is convenient for the pouring construction of the post-casting strip 3.

[0038] The two ends of each high-strength spring 7 respectively connect the front and rear two secondary lining 2 segments, and are welded to the end formwork on the post-casting belt 3, and the axial direction of the high-strength spring 7 is parallel to the axial direction of the tunnel.

[0039] The bow-shaped steel end templates 4 are symmetrically distributed at both ends of the tunnel segment, and can be made into a wedge shape with a small upper part and a large lower part according to the cross-sectional shape of the segment. The three bow-shaped steel end templates 4 are located in the curved part of the tunnel section, and the bow-shaped steel end templates 4 are prepared and tightly connected according to the actual cross-sectional shape of the tunnel.

[0040] The ends of two adjacent bow-shaped steel end templates 4 are tightly connected by bolts to prevent leakage during concrete pouring. Anchor bars are welded on the pouring side of the bow-shaped steel end template 4 and welded together with the steel bars in the post-casting strip 3. Holes are drilled on the upper and lower side wing plates of the bow-shaped steel end template 4 to facilitate the upper and lower sides to be connected and fixed with W-shaped waterstop 8 and Ω waterstop 6 by bolts. After the bow-shaped steel end templates 4 at both ends of the tunnel segment are fixed, high-strength springs 7 are welded at the middle groove of the bow-shaped steel end template 4, and the high-strength springs 7 can be arranged at intervals on the cross section according to actual working conditions. Then, the outer sides of the horizontal wing plates at the lower ends of the front and rear bow-shaped steel end templates 4 are sealed and connected by a water receiving box 10, and the inner sides are fixedly connected by a W-shaped waterstop 8. Among them, water-expanding rubber 15 is also provided at the connection between the upper and lower waterstops and the horizontal wing plates.

[0041] The specific installation and construction process is as follows:

[0042] First, install the steel cage at both ends of the tunnel stage, that is, between the two stages of secondary lining 2. After the steel cage in the post-casting strip 3 is installed, install the bow-shaped steel end template 4, waterproof device, and high-strength spring 7. Then install the protective cover 9 on the upper end of the Ω-shaped water stop 6. Finally, adjust the tunnel template trolley, install the arch frame and other casting templates, pour concrete through the reserved grouting holes 5, maintain and demould, and install the water receiving box 10 after reaching the strength.

[0043] The tunnel segment joint structure in this scheme is quick and easy to construct. At the same time, the joint structure is relatively flexible and can produce three-dimensional displacement, meeting the requirements of good anti-misalignment effect and good waterproof effect.

[0044] The present invention also provides an installation method for a tunnel segment joint structure suitable for an active fault zone, the installation method is used for constructing and installing a tunnel segment joint structure suitable for an active fault zone, and specifically comprises the following steps:

[0045] S1, installing the steel cage and bottom casting formwork of the post-cast strip 3 between the front and rear secondary lining 2 sections in the tunnel, and installing a plurality of bow-shaped steel end formworks 4 symmetrically in pairs;

[0046] S2, the upper horizontal wing plates of the front and rear bow-shaped steel end templates 4 are fixedly connected by a waterproof device; the waist grooves of the front and rear bow-shaped steel end templates 4 are connected by a high-strength spring 7; the lower horizontal wing plates of the front and rear bow-shaped steel end templates 4 are fixedly connected by a W-shaped water stop 8;

[0047] S3, the front and rear two bow-shaped steel end formworks 4, the bottom casting formwork, the top initial support 1, and the front and two secondary lining 2 stages are enclosed to form a post-cast strip 3, and the post-cast strip 3 is poured through the casting holes, i.e., the grouting holes 5, on the bottom casting formwork.

[0048] In a specific implementation scenario:

[0049] 1. Use high-pressure air to clean up the loose slag and debris in the post-casting zone 3, install the steel cage at 3 places of the post-casting zone, and connect the annular main reinforcement through the sleeve.

[0050] 2. Install the outer Ω-shaped water stop 6 and protective cover 9. Use an electric drill to drill holes in the Ω-shaped water stop 6 and protective cover 9 at a certain interval. Install the bow-shaped steel end template 4. Drill holes in the upper part of the bow-shaped steel end template 4 at the same interval. Fix the outer water stop, protective cover and bow-shaped steel end template 4 with bolts and nuts.

[0051] 3. Weld the embedded anchor bars 11 on the bow-shaped steel end template 4 to the steel cage of the post-casting strip 3 to fix the end template. Weld high-strength springs 7 at the concave parts of the bow-shaped steel end templates 4 on both sides of the tunnel segment, and install an inner ring waterstop, i.e., a W-shaped waterstop 8, on the lower side of the bow-shaped steel end template 4. The W-shaped waterstop is embedded in the gap between the front and rear bow-shaped steel end templates 4.

[0052] 4. Fix the tunnel formwork trolley, install the steel arch frame and bottom casting formwork, pour concrete at the section and demould and maintain.

[0053] 5. After the concrete pouring of the post-cast zone 3 is completed, the water receiving box 10 is installed.

[0054] Compared with the prior art, the main advantages of the present invention include:

[0055] 1. The present invention designs a bow-shaped end template, the horizontal wing plates at the upper and lower ends can connect the water stop belt through bolts, and a high-strength spring is welded at the concave position in the middle, which is easy to install and has a fast construction speed.

[0056] 2. In the present invention, the tunnel segment joints are connected by high-strength springs, which can produce relative three-dimensional displacement. Therefore, they can withstand complex stress conditions such as longitudinal tension, compression, shearing, and torsion, and adapt to fault displacement conditions in various directions.

[0057] 3. The tunnel segment joints of the present invention use two layers of water-stopping devices, the outer layer uses an Ω-type water-stopping strip, and the inner layer uses a W-type water-stopping strip. Even if a large deformation occurs, the inner W-type water-stopping strip can adapt to the deformation, has good waterproofing ability, and can be replaced.

[0058] 4. The present invention can be applied to tunnels with various cross-sectional shapes. It only needs to change the shape of the end templates to assemble them into a closed cross-section, and can be applied to the joint construction of any cross-sectional shape.

[0059] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Any ordinary technician in the industry can smoothly implement the present invention as shown in the drawings and described above. However, any equivalent changes, modifications and evolutions made by technicians familiar with the profession without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention using the technical content disclosed above are all equivalent embodiments of the present invention. At the same time, any equivalent changes, modifications and evolutions made to the above embodiments based on the essential technology of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel segment joint structure suitable for active fault zones, characterized in that: include: A plurality of bow-shaped steel end templates are symmetrically distributed in pairs between the front and rear secondary lining sections in the tunnel; The horizontal wing plates at the upper ends of the front and rear bow-shaped steel end templates are fixedly connected by a waterproof device, and the waterproof device is an Ω-shaped waterstop, and the two ends of the Ω-shaped waterstop are respectively fixedly connected to the horizontal wing plates at the upper ends of the front and rear bow-shaped steel end templates by bolts; the waist grooves of the front and rear bow-shaped steel end templates are connected by a high-strength spring; the horizontal wing plates at the lower ends of the front and rear bow-shaped steel end templates are fixedly connected by a W-shaped waterstop; the front and rear bow-shaped steel end templates, the bottom casting template, the top initial support, and the front and two secondary lining stages are enclosed to form a post-casting strip, and the bottom casting template is provided with a casting hole; The tunnel segment joint structure suitable for active fault zones has a fast construction speed and can be applied to tunnels of various cross-sectional shapes. It only needs to change the shape of the end template to assemble it into a closed section, and it can be applied to the construction of joints of any cross-sectional shape; it can withstand complex stress conditions of longitudinal tension, compression, shearing, and torsion, and adapt to fault dislocation in various directions; even if a large deformation occurs, the inner W-shaped waterstop can adapt to its deformation, has good waterproof ability, and can be replaced; the tunnel segment joint structure suitable for active fault zones can be applied to tunnels of various cross-sectional shapes, and only needs to By changing the shape of the end template and assembling it into a closed section, it can be applied to the construction of joints with any cross-sectional shape; specifically, the sides of multiple bow-shaped steel end templates located on the same side of the secondary lining are assembled into closed end faces in sequence, and finally a closed ring is formed, which can be applied to the construction of joints with any cross-sectional shape, facilitating the pouring construction of the post-casting strip; the waist grooves of the two front and rear bow-shaped steel end templates at both ends of the high-strength spring are welded together, and the axial direction of the high-strength spring is parallel to the axial direction of the tunnel; the bow-shaped steel end template is The two ends of the tunnel segment are symmetrically distributed, and can be made into a wedge shape with a small upper part and a large lower part according to the cross-sectional shape of the segment; multiple bow-shaped steel end templates are located in the curved part of the tunnel section, and according to the actual cross-sectional shape of the tunnel, the bow-shaped steel end templates are prepared and tightly connected; the ends of two adjacent bow-shaped steel end templates are tightly connected by bolts to prevent leakage during concrete pouring; the outer side of the bow-shaped steel end template is welded with embedded anchor bars, and the embedded anchor bars are welded to the steel cage in the post-casting zone; the upper and lower side wings of the bow-shaped steel end template The plates are drilled with holes to facilitate the upper and lower sides to be connected and fixed with W-type waterstop and Ω-type waterstop by bolts respectively; after the bow-shaped steel end head templates at both ends of the tunnel segment are fixed, high-strength springs are welded in the middle groove of the bow-shaped steel end head template, and the high-strength springs can be arranged at intervals on the cross section according to actual working conditions; the outer sides of the horizontal wing plates at the lower ends of the front and rear bow-shaped steel end head templates are sealed and connected by a water receiving box, and the inner sides are fixedly connected by a W-type waterstop; water-swelling rubber is also provided at the connection between the upper and lower waterstops and the horizontal wing plates.

2. The tunnel segment joint structure suitable for active fault zones according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The upper end of the Ω-shaped waterstop is covered with a protective cover, and the two ends of the protective cover are respectively fixedly connected to the horizontal wing plates at the upper ends of the front and rear bow-shaped steel end templates by bolts.

3. The tunnel segment joint structure suitable for active fault zones according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The plurality of casting holes are arranged at intervals in the annular direction.

4. A method for installing a tunnel segment joint structure suitable for an active fault zone, characterized in that: The installation method is used for constructing and installing the tunnel segment joint structure applicable to the active fault zone as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, and specifically comprises the following steps: S1, use high-pressure air to clean the loose slag and debris in the post-casting strip, then install the steel cage at the post-casting strip, and connect the annular main reinforcement through the sleeve; install the steel cage and bottom casting formwork of the post-casting strip between the front and rear secondary lining sections in the tunnel, and install multiple bow-shaped steel end formworks symmetrically in pairs; S2, the upper horizontal wing plates of the front and rear bow-shaped steel end templates are fixedly connected by a waterproof device; the waist grooves of the front and rear bow-shaped steel end templates are connected by a high-strength spring; the lower horizontal wing plates of the front and rear bow-shaped steel end templates are fixedly connected by a W-shaped water stop; S3, the front and rear two bow-shaped steel end formworks, the bottom casting formwork, the top initial support, and the front and rear two secondary lining stages are enclosed to form a post-cast strip, and the post-cast strip is cast through the casting holes on the bottom casting formwork; after the concrete of the post-cast strip is cast, a water receiving box is installed, and the outer sides of the horizontal wing plates at the lower ends of the front and rear two bow-shaped steel end formworks are sealed and connected through the water receiving box.

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