Backhoe loader

Abstract

A backhoe loader is used for prying and cleaning, material crushing, and collecting and loading materials in mine tunnels. It consists of a working mechanism, a cab operation control mechanism, a hydraulic control system, an electrical control system, a vehicle chassis travel mechanism, and a material conveying mechanism; the crushing device and bucket assembly of the working mechanism are hingedly assembled on the forearm with a connecting rod assembly, and the bucket assembly cooperates with the material conveying mechanism to complete the slag removal and loading operations. The backhoe loader of the present invention stops at a relatively safe position to operate, so as to achieve the prying and cleaning and crushing operations in the tunnel, the material excavation, collection, and loading operations. The maximum operating section can reach 7.0 meters × 7.0 meters, and the operator can be at most 6.0 meters away from the material excavation, prying, cleaning, and crushing operations. It can effectively avoid the dangers caused by unpredictable factors such as large space in the mining area, poor safety protection performance, and easy occurrence of landslides and falling rocks, and prevent casualties caused by manual or mechanical operations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of engineering machinery, in particular to an excavator loader used for roughing and cleaning mine tunnels, material crushing, and tunnel material collection and loading. Background Art

[0002] Due to the large space in the mining area and poor safety protection performance, unpredictable dangers such as landslides and falling rocks are prone to occur, and there are great safety hazards in the on-site loading and transportation of workers. In order to meet the strict regulatory requirements of the safety monitoring department for safe production and safe construction operations, and to create a good and safe working environment for operators, it is necessary to promote the use of machinery and equipment to replace manual mining operations to reduce or avoid casualties. Therefore, it is very important to study a multifunctional mining machinery and equipment that can perform prying and cleaning, material crushing, and material collection and loading in the mining tunnel. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to overcome the disadvantages of existing mining methods that there are great safety hazards, the purpose of the invention is to provide an excavator loader for mining so as to realize construction operations at mining working faces with higher safety hazards.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the invention, the present invention adopts an excavator loader composed of a working mechanism, a cab operation control mechanism, a hydraulic control system, an electrical control system, a vehicle chassis walking mechanism, and a material conveying mechanism; the crushing device of the working mechanism for crushing large pieces of material and cleaning up the roadway is hinged on the forearm through connecting plates 1 and 2, one end of the bucket assembly is hinged to the forearm, and the other end is hinged to the connecting plate 1 and the earring end of the piston rod end of the bucket cylinder through a connecting rod, the piston rod of the bucket cylinder is extended, the bucket assembly is retracted inward, the position of the crushing device is shifted forward, and the bucket assembly is assembled. The combined action of the boom, arm, telescopic boom, telescopic fixed arm, sliding bracket and lifting bracket is coordinated to realize the prying and crushing operations in the tunnel; the piston rod of the dipper cylinder is retracted, the bucket assembly is outward, and the position of the crushing device is shifted backward to realize the material digging, collecting and loading operations; the backhoe loader is operated by stopping in a relatively safe position to realize the prying and crushing operations in the tunnel, the prying and collecting and loading operations of the materials, the maximum operating section can reach 7.0 meters × 7.0 meters, and the maximum distance between the operator and the material digging, prying and crushing operations can reach 6.0 meters.

[0005] The crushing device and bucket assembly of the working mechanism are hinged to the forearm through the connecting rod assembly, the piston rod end earring of the bucket cylinder is hinged to the crushing device and the bucket assembly through the connecting rod assembly, the cylinder end earring of the bucket cylinder is hinged to the forearm, and the crushing device moves forward or backward and the bucket assembly moves up and down through the extension and contraction of the piston rod of the bucket cylinder; the forearm and the boom are hinged with a pin shaft, the piston rod end earring of the forearm cylinder is hinged to the forearm, the cylinder end earring of the forearm cylinder is hinged to the boom, the boom is hinged to the slewing seat, the piston rod end earring of the boom cylinder is hinged to the boom, and the cylinder end earring of the boom cylinder is hinged to the slewing seat. The seat is hinged, and the material collection or crushing is completed through the extension and retraction of the bucket cylinder, arm cylinder, boom cylinder, and telescopic cylinder piston rod; the slewing seat is hinged on the telescopic boom, the piston rod end earring of the slewing cylinder is hinged to the slewing seat, and the cylinder end earring of the slewing cylinder is hinged to the telescopic boom. Through the extension and retraction of the slewing cylinder piston rod, the crushing device and the bucket assembly as well as the boom and arm are deflected 37° left and right along the central axis of the telescopic boom to realize material digging and loading; the telescopic boom is assembled in the inner cavity of the telescopic fixed arm, the piston rod end earring of the telescopic cylinder is hinged to the telescopic boom, and the cylinder end earring of the telescopic cylinder It is hinged with the telescopic fixed arm, and the piston rod of the telescopic cylinder is extended and retracted, and the big arm and the small arm are coordinated to realize the prying and crushing operation of the crushing device and the material digging and collection of the bucket assembly. The maximum operating distance between the operator and the telescopic fixed arm can reach 6.0 meters; the telescopic fixed arm is hinged with the cross swivel, and the cross swivel is hinged on the conveyor frame. The supporting roller at the front end of the telescopic fixed arm is installed in the track groove of the sliding bracket, and the driving motor is installed on the sliding bracket. The active sprocket on the driving motor is connected to the telescopic fixed arm through the traction chain. The driving motor drives the traction chain to pull the telescopic fixed arm to the left and right of the center line of the cross swivel hinge shaft It swings 9° and cooperates with the boom, forearm and telescopic boom to realize the prying and crushing operations of the crushing device and the material digging and collecting operations of the bucket assembly. The maximum distance from the farthest point of the operator from left to right can be up to 7.0 meters; the sliding bracket is hinged to the lifting bracket, the earring at the piston rod end of the lifting cylinder is hinged to the lifting bracket, and the earring at the cylinder end of the lifting cylinder is hinged to the chassis frame. The telescopic fixed arm is pushed up and down by the extension and retraction of the lifting cylinder piston rod, and the coordinated actions of the boom, forearm and telescopic arm can realize the prying and crushing operations of the crushing device at a maximum working height of 7.0 meters from the ground.

[0006] The operating table of the cab operation control mechanism is installed in front of the left side protection platform plate of the vehicle chassis walking mechanism. The direct-acting pilot valve and cross pilot valve are installed in the front upper part of the operating table. The motor switch button is installed in the right front of the seat. The main switch of the pilot valve used to open or close the oil source of the pilot system is installed in the left rear of the seat. The multi-way foot-operated pilot valve is installed on the bottom plate in front of the seat. The safety protection shed with manually adjustable height is installed in the supporting sleeve behind the operating table through a bracket.

[0007] The hydraulic control system consists of a hydraulic oil pump drive assembly, a hydraulically controlled multi-way valve 1, a hydraulically controlled multi-way valve 2, an air-cooled radiator, a hydraulic oil tank, a travel motor, a conveying motor, a crushing device, an arm cylinder, an arm cylinder, a swing cylinder, a lifting cylinder, a lifting cylinder, a multi-way foot pilot valve, a cross pilot valve, a direct-acting pilot valve, a pilot valve master switch, a chain drive motor and an oil filter, a flow limiting valve, a sequence valve, a connector thread, and a high-pressure rubber hose.

[0008] The electrical control system consists of an oil pump drive motor, a motor switch button, an electrical control box, cables, lights, axial flow fans and rubber-sheathed flexible cables. The electrical control box consists of an AC contactor, a leakage circuit breaker, a circuit breaker, a control transformer, an intermediate relay, a time relay, a RC absorption device, a motor integrated protector, wiring terminals, wires and cables. The executive components are assembled in the electrical control box.

[0009] The guide wheel assembly of the vehicle chassis walking mechanism is installed at the rear of the track beam, the piston end of the tensioner device 2 is connected to the guide wheel assembly, the supporting wheel is installed at the lower part of the track beam, pressed on the chain plate assembly to support the whole machine, the supporting sprocket 2 for supporting the upper chain plate assembly is installed on the upper part of the track beam, the travel motor is installed at the front of the track beam, the driving sprocket is assembled on the travel motor, and the forward or backward movement of the loader is completed by the forward or reverse rotation of the travel motor; the hydraulic multi-way valve 1, the hydraulic multi-way valve 2, the air-cooled radiator, and the hydraulic oil tank are installed on the right side of the protective platform plate, and the oil pump drives the electric The motor and hydraulic oil pump drive assembly are installed at the rear end of the left protection platform plate, the electric control box of the electrical control system is installed in the middle of the left protection platform plate, the hydraulic oil pump drive assembly is installed on the oil pump drive motor through a flange, the input shaft of the hydraulic oil pump is connected to the output shaft of the oil pump drive motor through a coupling, the hydraulic oil pump outputs two high-pressure oil lines and one low-pressure oil line, one high-pressure oil line enters hydraulic control multi-way valve 1, and the other high-pressure oil line enters hydraulic control multi-way valve 2, the low-pressure oil is supplied to the pilot valve main switch through the oil filter, and the pilot oil is controlled on or off by the pilot valve main switch.

[0010] The driven shaft assembly of the material conveying mechanism is installed at the front of the shovel mouth assembly, and the driven shaft assembly is equipped with a guide wheel. The rear end of the conveying frame is equipped with a tensioning device for pulling and adjusting the tightness of the conveying chain, and a supporting sprocket wheel for supporting the weight of the conveying chain and the conveying scraper at the lower part of the conveying frame is installed at the rear and lower part of the conveying frame; the outer spline of the driving shaft assembly is connected with the inner spline of the conveying motor and is installed on the tensioning device, and the driving shaft assembly is equipped with a driving sprocket. The conveying scrapers are installed on the conveying chain at equal intervals. The driven shaft assembly, the sprocket and the conveying chain are linked. The conveying motor drives the driving shaft assembly to rotate, and the conveying chain is driven by the driving sprocket to drive the conveying scraper to move the material from low to high at a uniform speed and continuously, so as to complete the material conveying and loading; the piston rod end earring of the lifting cylinder is hinged to the conveying frame, and the cylinder end earring of the lifting cylinder is hinged to the chassis frame. The material conveying mechanism is hinged to the chassis assembly with a pin shaft, and the rear end of the conveying frame is pushed up or down by extending or retracting the piston rod of the lifting cylinder.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, when the present invention is used, the backhoe loader is parked in a relatively safe position, and the operator operates the equipment to first pry and clean the roof and inner wall of the tunnel, and then dig and load the materials. The maximum operating section of the backhoe loader can reach 7.0 meters × 7.0 meters, and the maximum distance between the operator and the material for digging, prying, cleaning and crushing operations can reach 6.0 meters. The dangers caused by unpredictable factors such as large space in the mining area, poor safety protection performance, and easy occurrence of landslides and falling rocks can be effectively avoided, and casualties in manual or mechanical operations can be eliminated. Construction operations can be carried out on mining working surfaces with higher safety hazards, and the present invention is very suitable for prying and cleaning and crushing of tunnels in large spaces and long distances, and digging, collecting and loading materials. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the present invention.

[0013] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the working mechanism.

[0014] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the cab operation control mechanism.

[0015] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A simplified structural diagram of the vehicle chassis traveling mechanism.

[0016] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the vehicle chassis assembly structure.

[0017] Figure 6 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the material conveying mechanism.

[0018] Figure 7 for Figure 2 A simplified structural diagram of the crushing device, bucket assembly and connecting rod assembly.

[0019] In the figure: 1. working mechanism; 2. cab operation control mechanism; 3. hydraulic control system; 4. electrical control system; 5. vehicle chassis walking mechanism; 6. material conveying mechanism; 7. operating table; 8. direct-acting pilot valve; 9. multi-way foot valve; 10. cross pilot valve; 11. motor switch button; 12. seat; 13. pilot valve master switch; 14. protective shed; 15. crushing device; 16. bucket cylinder; 17. arm cylinder; 18. arm cylinder; 19. slewing cylinder; 20. bucket assembly; 21. connecting rod assembly; 22. arm; 23. arm; 24. slewing seat; 25. telescopic boom; 26. sliding guide rail; 27. lifting cylinder; 28. lifting bracket; 29. ​​sliding drive motor; 30. telescopic cylinder; 31. telescopic fixed arm; 32. cross swivel; 3 3. Driven shaft assembly; 34. Shovel mouth assembly; 35. Conveying chain; 36. Conveying scraper; 37. Lifting cylinder; 38. Conveying frame; 39. Supporting sprocket wheel one; 40. Tensioning device one; 41. Driving shaft assembly; 42. Conveying motor; 43. Hydraulic multi-way valve one; 44. Hydraulic multi-way valve two; 45. Air-cooled radiator; 46. Hydraulic oil tank; 47. Electric control box; 48. Oil pump drive motor; 49. Hydraulic oil pump drive assembly; 50. Chassis assembly; 51. Right side protection platform plate; 52. Chassis frame; 53. Travel motor; 54. Driving sprocket; 55. Left side protection platform plate; 56. Supporting roller; 57. Track beam; 58. Supporting sprocket wheel two; 59. Tensioning device two; 60. Track chain plate assembly; 61. Guide wheel assembly; 62. Connecting rod; 63. Connecting plate one; 64. Connecting plate two. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6As shown, the excavator loader of the present invention mainly consists of a working mechanism 1, a cab operation control mechanism 2, a hydraulic control system 3, an electrical control system 4, a vehicle chassis travel mechanism 5, a material conveying mechanism 6, etc. The crushing device 15 of the working mechanism 1 for crushing large pieces of materials and cleaning up the roadway is hinged to the arm 22 through the connecting plate 1 63 and the connecting plate 2 64. One end of the bucket assembly 20 is hinged to the arm 22, and the other end is hinged to the connecting plate 1 63 and the earring end of the piston rod end of the bucket cylinder 16 through the connecting rod 62. The piston rod of the bucket cylinder 16 is extended, and the bucket assembly 20 is retracted inward, and the position of the crushing device 15 is shifted forward, and the large arm 23, the small arm 22, the telescopic boom 25, the telescopic fixed arm 31, the sliding bracket 26 and the The lifting bracket 28 coordinates the action to realize the prying and crushing operation of the tunnel; the piston rod of the bucket cylinder 16 retracts, the bucket assembly 20 moves outward, and the position of the crushing device 15 moves backward to realize the material digging, collecting and loading operations; the backhoe loader is parked in a relatively safe position to realize the prying and crushing operation of the tunnel, the prying and collecting of materials and the loading of materials. The maximum operation section can reach 7.0 meters × 7.0 meters, and the maximum distance between the operator and the material digging or prying and crushing operation can reach 6.0 meters. When in use, the backhoe loader is parked in a relatively safe position, and the operator operates the equipment to first pry and clean the tunnel roof and inner wall, and then dig and load. The backhoe loader is particularly suitable for large-space and long-distance tunnel prying and crushing, and material digging, collecting and loading operations.

[0021] The crushing device 15 and the bucket assembly 20 of the working mechanism 1 are hinged to the arm 22 through the connecting rod assembly 21, the piston rod end earring of the arm cylinder 16 is hinged to the crushing device 15 and the bucket assembly 20 through the connecting rod assembly 21, the cylinder end earring of the arm cylinder 16 is hinged to the arm 22, and the crushing device 15 moves forward or backward through the extension and contraction of the piston rod of the arm cylinder 16, and the bucket assembly 20 moves up and down; the arm 22 is hinged to the boom 23 with a pin shaft, the piston rod end earring of the arm cylinder 17 is hinged to the arm 22, the cylinder end earring of the arm cylinder 17 is hinged to the boom 23, the boom 23 is hinged to the slewing seat 24, the piston rod end earring of the boom cylinder 18 is hinged to the boom 23, and the boom cylinder 18 is hinged to the boom 23. The earring at the end of the cylinder barrel is hinged to the swivel seat 24, and the material collection or crushing is completed by the extension and retraction of the piston rods of the bucket rod cylinder 16, the arm cylinder 17, the boom cylinder 18, and the telescopic cylinder 30; the swivel seat 24 is hinged to the telescopic boom 25, the earring at the end of the piston rod of the swivel cylinder 19 is hinged to the swivel seat 24, and the earring at the end of the cylinder barrel of the swivel cylinder 19 is hinged to the telescopic boom 25. Through the extension and retraction of the piston rod of the swivel cylinder 19, the crushing device 15 and the bucket assembly 20 and the boom 23 and the arm 22 are deflected 37° left and right along the central axis of the telescopic boom 25, which is convenient for digging and loading materials; the telescopic boom 25 is assembled in the inner cavity of the telescopic fixed arm 31, and the earring at the end of the piston rod of the telescopic cylinder 30 is hinged to the telescopic boom 25. The earring at the cylinder end of the telescopic oil cylinder 30 is hinged to the telescopic fixed arm 31. The piston rod of the telescopic oil cylinder 30 is extended and retracted, and the big arm 23 and the small arm 22 are coordinated to realize the prying and crushing operation of the crushing device 15 and the material digging and collection of the bucket assembly 20. The maximum operating distance between the operator and the telescopic fixed arm 31 can reach 6.0 meters; the telescopic fixed arm 31 is hinged to the cross swivel 32, and the cross swivel 32 is hinged to the conveying frame 38. The supporting roller at the front end of the telescopic fixed arm 31 is installed in the track groove of the sliding bracket 26. The driving motor 29 is installed on the sliding bracket 26. The driving sprocket on the driving motor 29 is connected to the telescopic fixed arm 31 through a traction chain. The driving motor 29 drives the traction chain to pull the telescopic fixed arm 31 to the cross swivel 32 The center line of the hinge shaft is deflected 9° to the left and right, and cooperates with the boom 23, the arm 22, and the telescopic boom 25 to realize the prying and crushing operations of the crushing device 15 and the material digging and collection of the bucket assembly 20. The maximum distance from the farthest point of the operator from left to right can reach 7.0 meters; the sliding bracket 26 is hinged to the lifting bracket 28, the piston rod end earring of the lifting cylinder 27 is hinged to the lifting bracket 28, and the cylinder end earring of the lifting cylinder 27 is hinged to the chassis frame 52. The telescopic fixed arm 31 is pushed up and down by the extension and retraction of the piston rod of the lifting cylinder 27, and the cooperative action of the boom 23, the arm 22, and the telescopic arm can realize the prying and crushing operations of the crushing device 15. The working height from the ground can reach up to 7.0 meters.

[0022] The operating platform 7 of the cab operation control mechanism 2 is installed in front of the left side protection platform plate 55 of the vehicle chassis walking mechanism 5; the left and right cross pilot valves 10 are installed in the front upper part of the operating platform 7 for easy operation. The handle of the cross pilot valve 10 is operated forward or backward, left or right to realize the upward or downward movement of the upper arm 23 and the lower arm 22, left or right; the motor switch button 11 is installed in the right front of the seat 12 to control the start or stop of the oil pump drive motor 48; the pilot valve master switch 13 is installed at the left rear of the seat 12 to control the supply or disconnection of the direct-acting pilot valve 8, the multi-way foot pilot valve 9, and the cross pilot valve 1 0 oil source; the direct-acting pilot valve 8 is installed in front of the seat 12, and is used to control the forward and reverse rotation of the conveying motor 42 and the raising and lowering of the conveying frame 38; the multi-way foot-operated pilot valve 9 is installed on the bottom plate in front of the seat 12, the left inner and right inner pedals are used to control the forward, backward and left and right turns of the loader, and the left outer and right outer pedals are used to control the raising or lowering, extension and shortening of the telescopic arm of the working mechanism 1; the safety protection shed 14 is installed on the operating table 7 and the left side protection platform plate 55 through a bracket, and is used for the protection of the operator. The height of the safety protection shed can be manually adjusted to meet the needs of the operator and the working section height.

[0023] The hydraulic control system 3 is composed of a hydraulic oil pump drive assembly 49, a hydraulically controlled multi-way valve 1 43, a hydraulically controlled multi-way valve 2 44, an air-cooled radiator 45, a hydraulic oil tank 46, left and right travel motors 53, a conveying motor 42, a crushing device 15, an arm cylinder 16, an arm cylinder 17, an arm cylinder 18, a rotary cylinder 19, a lifting cylinder 27, a lifting cylinder 37, a multi-way foot pilot valve 9, a cross pilot valve 10, a direct-acting pilot valve 8, a pilot valve main switch 13, a chain drive motor 29 and an oil filter, a flow limiting valve, a sequence valve, a connector thread, and a high-pressure rubber hose. The hydraulic oil pump drive assembly 49 is installed on the oil pump drive motor 48, which drives the hydraulic oil pump to output two high-pressure oils and one low-pressure oil. One high-pressure oil reaches the hydraulic control multi-way valve 1 43, which is used to supply the upper arm 23, the lower arm 22, the bucket assembly 20, the slewing seat 24, the lifting cylinder 27, and the left movement of the loader. The other high-pressure oil reaches the hydraulic control multi-way valve 2 44, which is used for the telescopic boom 25, the right movement of the loader, the scraper conveying, the lifting and lowering of the conveying frame 38, and the prying and crushing. The low-pressure oil reaches the pilot valve master switch 13 through the oil filter, and supplies the direct-acting pilot valve 8, the multi-way foot-operated pilot valve 9, and the cross pilot valve 10. When the pilot valve master switch 13 is closed, the whole machine does not work; the air-cooled radiator 45 is used to reduce the high temperature generated during the operation of the hydraulic system.

[0024] The electrical control system 4 is composed of an oil pump drive motor 48, a motor switch button 11, an electrical control box 47, cables, lights, axial flow fans and rubber-sheathed flexible cables. The electrical control box 47 is composed of an AC contactor, a leakage circuit breaker, a circuit breaker, a control transformer, an intermediate relay, a time relay, a resistor-capacitor absorption device, a motor integrated protector, wiring terminals, wires and cables, and the executive components are assembled in the electrical control box 47. The leakage circuit breaker is used to quickly disconnect the main power supply when a leakage fault occurs in the loader to protect the life of the operator; the control transformer converts the main power supply 380 / 660V in the line into a 36V safe voltage, which is used to control the circuit buttons and headlights to eliminate the risk of electric shock for operators; the motor integrated protector can be used for power supply overvoltage or undervoltage protection. In the event of overload or overload, the power supply can be immediately disconnected to protect the oil pump drive motor 48 from being burned; the intermediate relay makes a transition connection for the control part of the high-voltage electrical components, and can also be used to control low-current electrical components; the time relay is used to make specific control of electrical components, set the time according to the required requirements, and control the opening or closing of electrical components; the headlights are used for whole machine lighting.

[0025] The guide wheel assembly 61 of the vehicle chassis walking mechanism 5 is installed at the rear of the crawler beam 57 (including the left and right) for guiding the track chain. The piston end of the tensioning device 59 is connected to the guide wheel assembly 61, and the spring end is supported by the crawler beam 57 for tightening the track chain and traveling buffering; the chassis frame 52 is connected to the left and right crawler beams 57 to form an integral chassis frame for supporting the whole machine; the supporting wheel 56 is installed at the lower part of the crawler beam 57 and pressed on the chain plate assembly 60 to support the whole machine, and the supporting sprocket wheel 58 is installed at the upper part of the left and right crawler beams 57 for supporting the upper chain plate assembly 60; the travel motor 53 is installed at the front part of the left and right crawler beams 57, which is more suitable for the back to use the excavator loader to operate on a section with a larger slope. The driving sprocket 54 is assembled on the travel motor 53, and the forward or backward movement of the loader is completed by the forward or reverse rotation of the travel motor 53; the air-cooled radiator 45 is installed on the right side protection platform plate 51, and the air-cooled radiator The heater 45 is connected to the hydraulic oil tank 46 through an oil pipe, which is used to reduce the high temperature generated by the hydraulic system oil during operation; the oil pump drive motor 48 and the hydraulic oil pump drive assembly 49 are installed at the rear end of the left protective platform plate 55, and the electric control box 47 of the electrical control system 4 is installed in the middle of the left protective platform plate 55, which is used to control and protect the stop or start of the motor; the hydraulic oil pump drive assembly 49 is installed on the oil pump drive motor 48 through a flange, and the input shaft of the hydraulic oil pump is connected to the output shaft of the oil pump drive motor 48 through a coupling. The hydraulic oil pump outputs two high-pressure oils and one low-pressure oil. One high-pressure oil enters the hydraulic control multi-way valve 1 43, and the other high-pressure oil enters the hydraulic control multi-way valve 2 44. The low-pressure oil is supplied to the pilot valve main switch 13 through the oil filter, and the pilot oil is controlled by the pilot valve main switch 13. The on or off of the pilot oil is controlled, and the hydraulic control multi-way valve 1 43 and the hydraulic control multi-way valve 2 44 are installed at the front of the right protective platform plate 51.

[0026] The driven shaft assembly 33 of the material conveying mechanism 6 is installed at the front of the shovel assembly 34, and a guide wheel is installed on the driven shaft assembly 33 for guiding the conveying chain 35; the rear end of the conveying frame 38 is equipped with a tensioning device 40 for pulling and adjusting the tightness of the conveying chain 35, and a sprocket wheel 39 is installed at the rear and lower part of the conveying frame 38 to support the weight of the conveying chain 35 and the conveying scraper 36 at the lower part of the conveying frame 38; the outer spline of the driving shaft 41 is connected to the inner spline of the conveying motor 42 and is installed on the bracket of the tensioning device 40, and a driving sprocket is installed on the driving shaft assembly 41, and the conveying scraper 36 is installed at equal intervals on the conveying chain 3 5, the driven shaft assembly 33, the driving sprocket and the conveying chain 35 are connected, the conveying motor 42 drives the driving shaft assembly 41 to rotate, and the conveying chain 35 is driven by the driving sprocket to drive the conveying scraper 36 to convey the material from a low place to the upper side to make a uniform and continuous motion to complete the material conveying and loading; the piston rod end earring of the lifting cylinder 37 is hinged to the conveying frame 38, and the cylinder end earring of the lifting cylinder 37 is hinged to the chassis frame 52. The material conveying mechanism 6 is hinged to the chassis assembly 50 with a pin shaft. By extending or retracting the piston rod of the lifting cylinder 37, the rear end of the conveying frame 38 is pushed up or down to meet the requirements of the vehicle's walking or loading height.

[0027] The main circuit of the present invention inputs 380 / 660V AC power supply, and the power supply is connected to the AC contactor and the control transformer through the leakage circuit breaker and the circuit breaker. Press the start key of the motor switch button 11, the AC contactor is energized, the oil pump drives the motor 48 to rotate, and drives the hydraulic oil pump to work in a specific rotation direction through the drum coupling. The hydraulic oil pump outputs two high-pressure oils, one high-pressure oil reaches the hydraulic control multi-way valve 1 43, and the other high-pressure oil is supplied to the hydraulic control multi-way valve 2 44. The low-pressure oil is supplied to the pilot valve master switch 13 through the oil filter. The handle of the pilot valve master switch 13 is turned to the starting position, and the oil pressure drops to the pressure required by the pilot system to supply oil to the pilot oil circuit system, and each pilot valve is in a waiting state.

[0028] Push the right handle of the cross pilot valve 10 forward, the oil opens the valve core of the hydraulically controlled multi-way valve 43, supplies oil to the boom cylinder 18, the piston rod of the boom cylinder 18 extends, and the boom 23 moves downward. Conversely, pull the right handle of the cross pilot valve 10 backward, the piston rod of the boom cylinder 18 retracts, and the boom 23 moves upward; move the right handle of the cross pilot valve 10 to the left, the oil opens the valve core of the hydraulically controlled multi-way valve 43, the piston rod of the arm cylinder 16 extends, pushes the chain plate assembly 21, and the crushing device 15 moves forward, and the bucket assembly 20 moves inward. Conversely, push the right handle of the cross pilot valve 10 to the right, the piston rod of the arm cylinder 16 retracts, and the crushing device 15 moves backward, and the bucket assembly 20 moves outward.

[0029] Push the left handle of the cross pilot valve 10 forward, the oil opens the valve core of the five-way hydraulically controlled multi-way valve 43, the piston rod of the arm cylinder 17 retracts, and the arm 22 moves forward. Conversely, move the left handle of the left cross pilot valve 10 backward, the piston rod of the arm cylinder 17 extends, and the arm 22 moves backward; push the left handle of the cross pilot valve 10 to the left, the oil opens the valve core of the hydraulically controlled multi-way valve 43, the piston rod of the rotary cylinder 19 extends, and the working arm moves to the left about 37°. Conversely, move the left handle of the cross pilot valve 10 to the right, the piston rod of the rotary cylinder 19 retracts, and the working arm moves to the right about 37°.

[0030] Pull the handle a of the direct-acting pilot valve 8 forward, the valve core of the hydraulically controlled multi-way valve 2 44 opens, and oil is supplied to the lifting cylinder 37, driving the conveying frame 38 to rise. Conversely, pull the handle a of the direct-acting pilot valve 8 backward, the piston rod of the lifting cylinder 37 retracts, and pulls the conveying frame 38 down. When the handle a stops in the neutral position, the piston rod of the lifting cylinder 37 does not move, and the position of the conveying frame 38 remains unchanged; push the handle b of the direct-acting pilot valve 8 upward, the valve core of the hydraulically controlled multi-way valve 2 44 opens, and oil is supplied to the conveying motor 42. The conveying motor 42 rotates clockwise, driving the conveying chain 35 to move backward continuously, realizing material conveying and loading. Conversely, pull the handle b of the direct-acting pilot valve 8 backward, the valve core of the hydraulically controlled multi-way valve 2 44 reversely supplies oil to the conveying motor 42, and the conveying chain 35 moves forward. When the handle b stops in the neutral position, the conveying motor 42 stops rotating, and material conveying stops working.

[0031] Step forward or backward on the right outer pedal of the multi-way foot-operated pilot valve 9, and the valve core of the hydraulically controlled multi-way valve 2 44 opens to supply oil to the telescopic cylinder 30, and the piston rod of the telescopic cylinder 30 extends or shortens, pushing the telescopic boom 25 forward or backward, cooperating with the cross pilot valve 10 to achieve the digging, collection, transportation and loading of long-distance materials; step forward or backward on the left outer pedal of the multi-way foot-operated pilot valve 9, and the valve core of the hydraulically controlled multi-way valve 1 43 opens to supply oil to the lifting cylinder 27, and the piston rod of the lifting cylinder 27 extends or shortens, pushing the telescopic boom 25 upward or downward, cooperating with the cross pilot valve 10 and the crushing pilot valve to achieve long-distance high-end surface prying and cleaning and large-block material crushing operations; step forward on the left inner pedal of the multi-way foot-operated pilot valve 9, and the valve core of the hydraulically controlled multi-way valve 1 43 opens. , supply oil to the left travel motor 53, the left travel motor 53 rotates counterclockwise, driving the left crawler to turn forward and right, conversely, step on the left inner pedal of the multi-way foot-operated pilot valve 9 backward, the left travel motor 53 rotates clockwise, driving the left crawler to turn backward and right; step on the right inner pedal of the multi-way foot-operated pilot valve 9 forward, the valve core of the hydraulically controlled multi-way valve 2 44 opens, supply oil to the right travel motor 53, the right travel motor 53 rotates counterclockwise, driving the right crawler to turn forward and left, conversely, step on the right inner pedal of the multi-way foot-operated pilot valve 9 backward, the right travel motor 53 rotates clockwise, driving the right crawler to turn backward and left; step on the left inner and right inner pedals of the multi-way foot-operated pilot valve 9 forward at the same time, the whole machine moves forward, conversely, step on the left inner and right inner pedals of the multi-way foot-operated pilot valve 9 backward at the same time, the whole machine moves backward.

[0032] Move the handle of the pilot valve main switch 13 to the stop position, and the pilot oil circuit stops supplying oil. When any pilot valve is touched by mistake, the loader will not move, which can prevent the machine equipment from causing harm to the operators and damage to the equipment; press the stop button of the motor switch button 11, the AC contactor separates and disconnects the main power supply, the motor stops rotating due to power loss, the hydraulic oil pump does not run, and the entire machine stops working.

Claims

1. A backhoe loader, characterized in that: The backhoe loader is composed of a working mechanism (1), a cab operation control mechanism (2), a hydraulic control system (3), an electrical control system (4), a vehicle chassis travel mechanism (5), and a material conveying mechanism (6); the crushing device (15) of the working mechanism (1) for crushing large pieces of material and cleaning up the roadway is hinged to the arm (22) through a connecting plate 1 (63) and a connecting plate 2 (64); one end of the bucket assembly (20) is hinged to the arm (22), and the other end is hinged to the connecting plate 1 (63) and the earring end of the piston rod of the boom cylinder (16) through a connecting rod (62); the piston rod of the boom cylinder (16) is extended, the bucket assembly (20) is retracted, and the crushing device (15) is moved. The position of the bucket loader (15) is shifted forward, and the large arm (23), the small arm (22), the telescopic boom (25), the telescopic fixed arm (31), the sliding bracket (26) and the lifting bracket (28) are coordinated to achieve the roadway prying cleaning and crushing operations; the piston rod of the bucket cylinder (16) is retracted, the bucket assembly (20) is outward, and the position of the crushing device (15) is shifted backward to achieve the material digging, collecting and loading operations; the backhoe loader is used to park in a safe position to achieve the roadway prying cleaning and crushing operations, material digging, collecting and loading operations, and the maximum operation section can reach 7.0 meters × 7.0 meters, and the maximum distance between the operator and the material digging or prying cleaning and crushing operations can reach 6.0 meters; The crushing device (15) and the bucket assembly (20) of the working mechanism (1) are hinged to the arm (22) through a connecting rod assembly (21); the piston rod end earring of the arm cylinder (16) is hinged to the crushing device (15) and the bucket assembly (20) through the connecting rod assembly (21); the cylinder barrel end earring of the arm cylinder (16) is hinged to the arm (22); the crushing device (15) moves forward or backward and the bucket assembly (20) moves up and down by retracting the piston rod of the arm cylinder (16); the arm (22) and the boom (23) are hinged by a pin shaft; the piston rod end earring of the arm cylinder (17) is hinged to the arm (22); the cylinder barrel end earring of the arm cylinder (17) is hinged to the boom (23) The boom (23) is hinged to the slewing seat (24), the piston rod end earring of the boom cylinder (18) is hinged to the boom (23), the cylinder end earring of the boom cylinder (18) is hinged to the slewing seat (24), and the material collection or crushing is completed by the extension and retraction of the piston rods of the bucket cylinder (16), the arm cylinder (17), the boom cylinder (18), and the telescopic cylinder (30); the slewing seat (24) is hinged to the telescopic boom (25), the piston rod end earring of the slewing cylinder (19) is hinged to the slewing seat (24), and the cylinder end earring of the slewing cylinder (19) is hinged to the telescopic boom (25), and the crushing device (15) and the bucket assembly (20) and the telescopic boom (25) are extended and retracted by the piston rod of the slewing cylinder (19). The boom (23) and the arm (22) are swung 37 degrees to the left and right along the central axis of the telescopic boom (25) to realize the digging and loading of materials; the telescopic boom (25) is assembled in the inner cavity of the telescopic fixed arm (31); the piston rod end earring of the telescopic oil cylinder (30) is hinged to the telescopic boom (25); the cylinder barrel end earring of the telescopic oil cylinder (30) is hinged to the telescopic fixed arm (31); the piston rod of the telescopic oil cylinder (30) is extended and retracted, and the boom (23) and the arm (22) are coordinated to realize the prying and crushing operation of the crushing device (15) and the digging and collecting of materials by the bucket assembly (20); and the farthest operation distance between the operator and the operator can reach 6.0 meters; the telescopic fixed arm (31) is hinged to the cross swivel (32); the cross swivel ( The telescopic fixed arm (31) is hinged on the conveying frame (38), the supporting roller at the front end of the telescopic fixed arm (31) is installed in the track groove of the sliding bracket (26), the driving motor (29) is installed on the sliding bracket (26), the driving sprocket on the driving motor (29) is connected to the telescopic fixed arm (31) through a traction chain, the driving motor (29) drives the traction chain to pull the telescopic fixed arm (31) to swing 9 degrees to the left and right of the center line of the hinge axis of the cross swivel (32), and cooperate with the big arm (23), the small arm (22), and the telescopic movable arm (25) to realize the prying and crushing operation of the crushing device (15) and the material digging and collecting operation of the bucket assembly (20). The maximum distance from the farthest point of the operator from left to right can reach 7.0 meters; the sliding bracket (26) is hinged to the lifting bracket (28), the piston rod end earring of the lifting cylinder (27) is hinged to the lifting bracket (28), and the cylinder end earring of the lifting cylinder (27) is hinged to the chassis frame (52). The lifting cylinder (27) piston rod is extended and retracted to push the telescopic fixed arm (31) to move up and down, and the big arm (23), the small arm (22), and the telescopic arm cooperate to achieve the prying and crushing operation of the crushing device (15). The maximum working height from the ground can reach 7.0 meters;. The driven shaft assembly (33) of the material conveying mechanism (6) is installed at the front of the shovel mouth assembly (34), and a guide wheel is installed on the driven shaft assembly (33). The rear end of the conveying frame (38) is equipped with a tensioning device (40) for pulling and adjusting the tightness of the conveying chain (35). A supporting sprocket (39) for supporting the weight of the conveying chain (35) and the conveying scraper (36) at the lower part of the conveying frame (38) is installed at the rear lower part of the conveying frame (38); the outer spline of the driving shaft assembly (41) is connected to the inner spline of the conveying motor (42) and is installed on the tensioning device (40), and the driving shaft assembly (41) is equipped with a driving sprocket. The conveying scraper (36) is evenly spaced and installed on the conveying chain ( The driven shaft assembly (33) and the sprocket are connected to the conveying chain (35), and the conveying motor (42) drives the driving shaft assembly (41) to rotate, and the conveying chain (35) is driven by the driving sprocket to drive the conveying scraper (36) to move the material from low to high in a uniform and continuous manner, thereby completing the material conveying and loading; the piston rod end earring of the lifting cylinder (37) is hinged to the conveying frame (38), and the cylinder barrel end earring of the lifting cylinder (37) is hinged to the chassis frame (52). The material conveying mechanism (6) is hinged to the chassis assembly (50) by a pin shaft, and the rear end of the conveying frame (38) is pushed up or down to meet the requirements of walking or loading height by extending or retracting the piston rod of the lifting cylinder (37).

2. The recycling method according to claim 1 is characterized by: The operating table (7) of the cab operation control mechanism (2) is installed on the front of the left side protection platform plate (55) of the vehicle chassis running mechanism (5); the direct-acting pilot valve (8) and the cross pilot valve (10) are installed on the front upper part of the operating table (7); the motor switch button (11) is installed on the right front of the seat (12); the pilot valve master switch (13) for opening or closing the pilot system oil source is installed on the left rear of the seat (12); the multi-way foot-operated pilot valve (9) is installed on the bottom plate in front of the seat (12); and the safety protection shed (14) with manually adjustable height is installed in the supporting sleeve behind the operating table (7) through a bracket.

3. The recycling method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The hydraulic control system (3) is composed of a hydraulic oil pump drive assembly (49), a hydraulically controlled multi-way valve 1 (43), a hydraulically controlled multi-way valve 2 (44), an air-cooled radiator (45), a hydraulic oil tank (46), a travel motor (53), a conveying motor (42), a crushing device (15), a boom cylinder (16), a forearm cylinder (17), a boom cylinder (18), a rotary cylinder (19), a lifting cylinder (27), a lifting cylinder (37), a multi-way foot-operated pilot valve (9), a cross pilot valve (10), a direct-acting pilot valve (8), a pilot valve master switch (13), a chain drive motor (29), an oil filter, a flow limiting valve, a sequence valve, a connector thread, and a high-pressure rubber hose.

4. The recycling method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The electrical control system (4) is composed of an oil pump drive motor (48), a motor switch button (11), an electric control box (47), cables, car lights, an axial flow fan and a rubber-sheathed soft cable. The electric control box (47) is composed of an AC contactor, a leakage circuit breaker, a circuit breaker, a control transformer, an intermediate relay, a time relay, a resistance-capacitance absorption device, a motor integrated protector, a terminal block, and wires and cables. The executive components are assembled in the electric control box (47).

5. The recycling backhoe loader according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide wheel assembly (61) of the vehicle chassis walking mechanism (5) is installed at the rear of the crawler beam (57), the piston end of the second tensioning device (59) is connected to the guide wheel assembly (61), the supporting wheel (56) is installed at the lower part of the crawler beam (57), pressed on the chain plate assembly (60) to support the whole machine, the second supporting sprocket wheel (58) for supporting the upper chain plate assembly (60) is installed at the upper part of the crawler beam (57), the travel motor (53) is installed at the front part of the crawler beam (57), the driving sprocket (54) is assembled on the travel motor (53), and the travel motor (53) is rotated forward or reversed to complete the forward or backward movement of the loader; the hydraulically controlled multi-way valve (43), the hydraulically controlled multi-way valve (44), the air-cooled radiator (45), and the hydraulic oil tank (46) are installed at the right On the side protection platform plate (51), an oil pump drive motor (48) and a hydraulic oil pump drive assembly (49) are mounted at the rear end of the left protection platform plate (55), an electric control box (47) of an electric control system (4) is mounted at the middle of the left protection platform plate (55), the hydraulic oil pump drive assembly (49) is mounted on the oil pump drive motor (48) through a flange, an input shaft of the hydraulic oil pump is connected to an output shaft of the oil pump drive motor (48) through a coupling, two high-pressure oil paths and one low-pressure oil path output by the hydraulic oil pump, one high-pressure oil path enters a hydraulically controlled multi-way valve 1 (43), and the other high-pressure oil path enters a hydraulically controlled multi-way valve 2 (44), and the low-pressure oil is supplied to a pilot valve master switch (13) through an oil filter, and the pilot oil is controlled to be on or off by the pilot valve master switch (13).

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