Explosion fragment protection structure and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The present invention provides an explosion fragment protection structure, comprising: a boron carbide ceramic plate, a reinforcement layer, a polymer elastic layer and an elastic filler; the boron carbide ceramic plate, the reinforcement layer and the polymer elastic layer are stacked in sequence; the reinforcement layer comprises: a mesh fiber composite layer, a reinforcement filler and two corrugated plates, the two corrugated plates are relatively fitted on the two sides of the mesh fiber composite layer, the reinforcement filler is filled in the gap between the corrugated plate and the mesh fiber composite layer, and the elastic filler is correspondingly filled in the gap between one of the corrugated plates and the boron carbide ceramic plate and in the gap between the other corrugated plate and the polymer elastic layer. The present invention also provides a method for preparing an explosion fragment protection structure. The explosion fragment protection structure and the method for preparing an explosion fragment protection structure provided by the present invention solve the problem of insufficient protection of explosion-proof structures against fragments generated by explosions in the prior art, improve the safety of industrial production, and reduce casualties and property losses.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of explosion-proof technology, and in particular to an explosion-fragment protection structure and a preparation method of the explosion-fragment protection structure. Background Art

[0002] Explosion accidents are one of the common disasters in the petrochemical industry. The prediction and prevention of explosion injuries are important research topics in the field of petrochemical safety today.

[0003] Due to the complexity of industrial explosions, the forms of damage during explosions can be divided into three categories: thermal radiation, shock waves, and fragments. Among them, fragments have the longest damage range and the greatest kinetic energy, and can cause serious damage to surrounding personnel and facilities and equipment. In recent years, explosion accidents have occurred frequently in the petrochemical field, especially the large number of high-speed fragments generated during explosions have caused a large number of casualties. The petrochemical field is also an important pillar industry, and it cannot be cancelled or reduced just because of the high degree of danger in the production process. Therefore, production safety in the petrochemical field is of great importance. The injuries in industrial explosion accidents are diverse, but the explosion-proof protection technologies or devices currently used in the petrochemical field are mostly aimed at shock wave injuries, and insufficient consideration is given to the protection of fragment injuries. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a protective structure against the damage caused by fragments generated in industrial explosions. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the embodiments of the present invention is to address the problem that the explosion-proof structure in the prior art is insufficient in protecting against explosion fragments, and to propose an explosion fragment protection structure and a preparation method thereof to reduce the damage to personnel and facilities caused by explosion fragments.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, in a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an explosion fragment protection structure, which comprises: a boron carbide ceramic plate, a reinforcement layer, a polymer elastic layer and an elastic filler; the boron carbide ceramic plate, the reinforcement layer and the polymer elastic layer are stacked in sequence, and the elastic filler is correspondingly filled in the gap between the boron carbide ceramic plate and the reinforcement layer and in the gap between the reinforcement layer and the polymer elastic layer; the reinforcement layer comprises: a mesh fiber composite layer, a reinforcement filler and two corrugated plates, the two corrugated plates are relatively attached to the two sides of the mesh fiber composite layer, the reinforcement filler is filled in the gap between the corrugated plate and the mesh fiber composite layer, and the elastic filler is correspondingly filled in the gap between one of the corrugated plates and the boron carbide ceramic plate and in the gap between the other corrugated plate and the polymer elastic layer.

[0006] Specifically, the boron carbide ceramic plate is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35 to 60 parts of boron carbide fiber, 2 to 3 parts of neodymium oxide, 20 to 35 parts of black silicon carbide, and 6 to 12 parts of multilayer graphene.

[0007] Specifically, the mass percentage of SiC in the black silicon carbide is 93% to 96%.

[0008] Specifically, the thickness of the benzene ring structure in the multilayer graphene is between 5 and 10 nm, and the number of benzene ring layers is between 10 and 20.

[0009] Specifically, the elastic filler is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80-110 parts of methyl vinyl raw rubber, 2-5 parts of polyvinyl silicone oil, 35-50 parts of silicon dioxide, 5-10 parts of cyclosilazane, and 0.5-2.5 parts of vulcanized rubber.

[0010] Specifically, the cross section of the corrugated plate is a continuous isosceles trapezoidal corrugation, the angle α between the waistline of the isosceles trapezoid and the trough is between 30° and 60°, and the angle β between the waistline of the isosceles trapezoid and the crest is between 120° and 150°.

[0011] Specifically, the mass percentage of each component in the reinforcing filler is: 25% to 32% silicate cement, 30% to 35% quartz sand, 3.6% to 12.5% ​​glass fiber, 0.1% to 0.3% basalt fiber, 0.05% to 0.15% carbon fiber, 8.5% to 15.0% silicon powder, and 6% to 20% water.

[0012] Specifically, the mesh fiber composite layer is formed by bonding multiple composite layers, and the ratio of the fiber diameter of two adjacent fibers in each composite layer to the distance between the two fibers is 1:3-8.

[0013] Specifically, the polymer elastic layer is made of the reaction product of component A and component B; the component A is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 to 50 parts of toluene diisocyanate, 70 to 95 parts of monopentaerythritol, and 8 to 15 parts of polyether ester; the component B is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8 to 18 parts of diethylaminoethanol, 20 to 60 parts of flexible amine, 5 to 10 parts of flame retardant, and 6 to 12 parts of antioxidant.

[0014] In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a blast fragment protection structure, the method comprising the following steps:

[0015] S1) preparing a reinforcing filler and filling the reinforcing filler into the groove on one side of the corrugated plate;

[0016] S2) laying a mesh fiber composite layer on one side of the corrugated plate filled with the reinforcing filler, pouring the reinforcing filler on the mesh fiber composite layer to form a composite part, and leaving the composite part at a first temperature for a first time to form a composite part to be processed;

[0017] S3) coating an adhesive on the side of the composite part to be processed on which the reinforcing filler is cast, and bonding another corrugated board to the side of the composite part to be processed on which the adhesive is coated to form a reinforcing layer;

[0018] S4) pouring elastic filler and epoxy resin on one side of the reinforcement layer to fill the groove of the corrugated plate on this side, and pressing the boron carbide ceramic plate to the side of the reinforcement layer filled with elastic filler and epoxy resin;

[0019] S5) pouring the elastic filler and the epoxy resin on the other side of the reinforcement layer to fill the groove of the corrugated plate on this side to form a reinforcement member;

[0020] S6) curing the reinforcement at a second temperature for a second period of time, and polishing the exposed side of the elastic filler and epoxy resin in the reinforcement until it is smooth;

[0021] S7) spraying the reaction product of component A and component B onto the polished smooth surface of the reinforcement to form a polymer elastic layer.

[0022] Specifically, the polymer elastic layer is made of the reaction product of component A and component B; the component A is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 to 50 parts of toluene diisocyanate, 70 to 95 parts of monopentaerythritol, and 8 to 15 parts of polyether ester; the component B is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8 to 18 parts of diethylaminoethanol, 20 to 60 parts of flexible amine, 5 to 10 parts of flame retardant, and 6 to 12 parts of antioxidant.

[0023] On one hand, the present invention provides an explosive fragmentation protection structure, wherein a boron carbide ceramic plate and a polymer elastic layer are respectively arranged on two sides of a reinforcement layer, the rigid strength of the explosive fragmentation structure is enhanced by the boron carbide ceramic plate, the toughness of the explosive fragmentation structure is enhanced by the polymer elastic layer and the reinforcement layer, elastic fillers are filled in the gap between the boron carbide ceramic plate and the corrugated plate and in the gap between the polymer elastic layer and the corrugated plate, thereby enhancing the overall strength and toughness of the explosive fragmentation protection structure, corrugated plates are laminated on both sides of a mesh fiber composite layer of the reinforcement layer, and reinforcing fillers are filled between the corrugated plate and the mesh fiber composite layer to improve the explosion impact resistance of the explosive fragmentation protection structure. The present invention also provides a method for preparing an explosive fragmentation protection structure.

[0024] The explosion-fragment protection structure and the method for preparing the explosion-fragment protection structure provided by the present invention solve the problem of insufficient protection of explosion-proof structures in the prior art against fragments generated by explosions through a rigid-flexible structural setting mode, thereby improving the safety of industrial production and reducing casualties and property losses.

[0025] Other features and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail in the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the following specific embodiments, they are used to explain the embodiments of the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0027] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of an explosion fragment protection structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of explosion of medium blast fragment protection structure;

[0029] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of the corrugated plate of the medium blast fragment protection structure.

[0030] Description of Reference Numerals

[0031] 1 Boron carbide ceramic plate 2 Reinforcement layer

[0032] 3 Polymer elastic layer 4 Elastic filler

[0033] 21 mesh fiber composite layer 22 reinforcement filler

[0034] 23 Corrugated Sheet DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The specific implementation of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific implementation described here is only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and is not used to limit the present invention.

[0036] In the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, directional words such as "up, down, top, bottom" are usually used with reference to the directions shown in the drawings or are used to describe the relative positional relationships of components in the vertical, perpendicular or gravity direction.

[0037] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of an explosion fragment protection structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the explosion of the blast fragment protection structure.

[0038] like Figure 1-2As shown, the first aspect of the present invention provides an explosion fragment protection structure, which includes: a boron carbide ceramic plate 1, a reinforcement layer 2, a polymer elastic layer 3 and an elastic filler 4; the boron carbide ceramic plate 1, the reinforcement layer 2 and the polymer elastic layer 3 are stacked in sequence, and the elastic filler 4 is correspondingly filled in the gap between the boron carbide ceramic plate 1 and the reinforcement layer 2 and in the gap between the reinforcement layer 2 and the polymer elastic layer 3; the reinforcement layer 2 includes: a mesh fiber composite layer 21, a reinforcement filler 22 and two corrugated plates 23, the two corrugated plates 23 are relatively attached to the two sides of the mesh fiber composite layer 21, the reinforcement filler 22 is filled in the gap between the corrugated plate 23 and the mesh fiber composite layer 21, and the elastic filler 4 is correspondingly filled in the gap between one of the corrugated plates 23 and the boron carbide ceramic plate 1 and in the gap between the other corrugated plate 23 and the polymer elastic layer 3.

[0039] The explosion fragment protection structure provided by the present invention is used to block the fragments generated in the industrial explosion and reduce the damage of the fragments to the surrounding personnel and facilities. The explosion fragment protection structure includes a boron carbide ceramic plate 1, a reinforcement layer 2, a polymer elastic layer 3 and an elastic filler 4 stacked in sequence, wherein the boron carbide ceramic plate 1 and the polymer elastic layer 3 are respectively arranged on the two sides of the reinforcement layer 2, the elastic filler 4 is filled between the reinforcement layer 2 and the boron carbide ceramic plate 1, and the elastic filler 4 is filled between the reinforcement layer 2 and the polymer elastic layer 3. The middle part of the reinforcement layer 2 is a mesh fiber composite layer 21, and corrugated plates 23 are arranged on both sides of the mesh fiber composite layer 21. Reinforcement fillers 22 are filled between each corrugated plate 23 and the mesh fiber composite layer 21, and the elastic fillers 4 filled between the boron carbide ceramic plate 1 and the reinforcement layer 2 and between the polymer elastic layer 3 and the reinforcement layer 2 are filled in The corrugated plates 23 on both sides of the reinforcing layer 2 are connected to the corresponding boron carbide ceramic plates 1 or the polymer elastic layer 3. In this way, the formed explosion-fragment protection structure is both rigid and flexible. When in use, even if the fragments penetrate the boron carbide ceramic plates 1 on the outer layer of the explosion-fragment protection structure, part of the kinetic energy of the fragments has been consumed when penetrating the boron carbide ceramic plates 1. In this way, even if the fragments enter the interior of the explosion-fragment protection structure, the presence of the elastic filler 4, the reinforcing filler 22, the mesh fiber composite layer 21 and the polymer elastic layer 3 slows down the running speed of the fragments inside the explosion-fragment protection structure, and finally the fragments can be absorbed into the interior of the explosion-fragment protection structure to avoid the fragments from causing harm to personnel and facilities, thereby solving the problem of insufficient protection of the explosion-proof structure against the fragments generated by the explosion in the prior art, thereby improving the safety of industrial production and reducing casualties and property losses caused by the explosion.

[0040] When using an explosion fragment protection structure for protection, the boron carbide ceramic plate 1 in the explosion fragment protection structure is arranged in the direction where the explosion may occur, so that the fragments generated when the explosion occurs are first blocked by the boron carbide ceramic plate 1. In order to make the boron carbide ceramic plate 1 have better strength to block the fragments generated by the explosion, specifically, the boron carbide ceramic plate 1 is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35 to 60 parts of boron carbide fiber, 2 to 3 parts of neodymium oxide, 20 to 35 parts of black silicon carbide, and 6 to 12 parts of multilayer graphene.

[0041] In the process of making the boron carbide ceramic plate 1, 35 to 60 parts of boron carbide fiber, 2 to 3 parts of neodymium oxide, 20 to 35 parts of black silicon carbide and 6 to 12 parts of multilayer graphene are mixed and put into a grinder for grinding for 45 to 60 minutes, and the ground mixture is pressed into a rough embryo, and the pressed rough embryo is made into the boron carbide ceramic plate 1 by hot pressing and sintering. In order to make the boron carbide ceramic plate 1 have sufficient strength during use, the thickness of the boron carbide ceramic plate 1 is between 2 and 5 mm. In order to strengthen the hardness of the boron carbide ceramic plate 1, specifically, the mass percentage of SiC in the black silicon carbide is 93% to 96%. In order to improve the bending strength and fracture toughness of the boron carbide ceramic plate 1, specifically, the thickness of the benzene ring structure in the multilayer graphene is between 5 and 10 nm, and the number of benzene ring layers is between 10 and 20.

[0042] When using the explosive fragment protection structure for protection, the fragments may penetrate the boron carbide ceramic plate 1 and enter the interior of the explosive fragment protection structure. In order to reduce the kinetic energy of the fragments when running inside the explosive fragment protection structure, specifically, the elastic filler 4 is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80-110 parts of methyl vinyl raw rubber, 2-5 parts of polyvinyl silicone oil, 35-50 parts of silicon dioxide, 5-10 parts of cyclosilazane, and 0.5-2.5 parts of vulcanized rubber. 35-50 parts of silicon dioxide, 5-10 parts of cyclosilazane and 0.5-2.5 parts of vulcanized rubber are mixed and placed in an environment with a temperature of 180-220°C for mixing for 1.5-2.5 hours, and finally the mixture is made into a plurality of granular balls with a diameter of 1-5 mm, that is, the elastic filler 4 is composed of a plurality of granular balls, and the elastic filler 4 is filled between the reinforcement layer 2 and the carbonized ceramic plate 1 and between the reinforcement layer 2 and the polymer elastic layer 3, and the elastic filler 4 is filled to slow down or absorb the running speed of the fragments inside the explosion fragment protection structure.

[0043] In one embodiment, in order to improve the bearing capacity of the explosion fragment protection structure, as Figure 3As shown, specifically, the cross section of the corrugated plate 23 is a continuous isosceles trapezoidal corrugation, the angle α between the waistline of the isosceles trapezoid and the trough is between 30° and 60°, and the angle β between the waistline of the isosceles trapezoid and the crest is between 120° and 150°. The thickness of the corrugated plate 23 is between 0.2 and 2 mm, and the cross section of the corrugated plate 23 is a continuous isosceles trapezoid, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 As shown, any isosceles trapezoid has a crest length L1, a trough length L3, and a waistline length L2, wherein L1=L3, L1:L2=1-3:1. The use of isosceles trapezoidal corrugated plates in the blast fragment protection structure improves the strength of the blast fragment protection structure and thus enhances the explosion impact resistance of the blast fragment protection structure. The isosceles trapezoidal corrugated plates have a low cost, thereby reducing the production cost of the blast fragment protection structure.

[0044] The reinforcing filler 22 is filled between the two corrugated plates 23 and the mesh fiber composite layer 21 to strengthen the strength and toughness of the reinforcing layer 2. Specifically, the mass percentage of each component in the reinforcing filler 22 is: 25% to 32% of silicate cement, 30% to 35% of quartz sand, 3.6% to 12.5% ​​of glass fiber, 0.1% to 0.3% of basalt fiber, 0.05% to 0.15% of carbon fiber, 8.5% to 15.0% of silicon powder, and 6% to 20% of water. In order to better strengthen the strength and toughness of the reinforcing layer 2, preferably, quartz sand with a SiO2 content of 92% to 98% and a Fe2O3 content of 0.01% to 0.04% is selected as the raw material to strengthen the strength and toughness of the reinforcing layer 2.

[0045] In one embodiment, in order to facilitate the manufacture of the explosion fragment protection structure, specifically, the mesh fiber composite layer 21 is formed by bonding multiple composite layers, and the ratio of the fiber diameter of two adjacent fibers in each composite layer to the spacing between the two fibers is 1:3 to 8. In order to enhance the toughness of the mesh fiber composite layer 21, the reinforced mesh fiber composite layer 21 is made by bonding 1 to 5 composite layers, and each composite layer is woven by staggered fibers. After the reinforcing filler 22 is filled between the corrugated plate 23 and the mesh fiber composite layer 21, the reinforcing filler 22 not only fills between each corrugated plate 23 and the mesh fiber composite layer 21, but also fills the gap between two adjacent fibers in the composite layer. In this way, after the reinforcing filler 22 is cured, the bonding force between the mesh fiber composite layer 21 and the reinforcing filler 22 is enhanced, and the explosion impact resistance of the explosion fragment protection structure is improved.

[0046] After the fragments penetrate the boron carbide ceramic plate 1 and enter the interior of the explosion fragment protection structure, the polymer elastic layer 3, as the last protective layer, is to intercept the fragments inside the explosion fragment protection structure. In order to enable the polymer elastic layer 3 to better absorb and intercept the fragments, specifically, the polymer elastic layer 3 is made of the reaction product of component A and component B; the component A is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 to 50 parts of toluene diisocyanate, 70 to 95 parts of monopentaerythritol, and 8 to 15 parts of polyether ester; the component B is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8 to 18 parts of diethylaminoethanol, 20 to 60 parts of flexible amine, 5 to 10 parts of flame retardant, and 6 to 12 parts of antioxidant. Component A is polymerized with 30-50 parts of toluene diisocyanate, 70-95 parts of monopentaerythritol and 8-15 parts of polyether ester to obtain a semi-prepolymer; in the process of preparing component B, 8-18 parts of diethylaminoethanol, 20-60 parts of flexible amine, 5-10 parts of flame retardant and 6-12 parts of antioxidant in component B are added into a reactor under nitrogen protection, and the components in the reactor are stirred by a stirring device in the reactor, the reaction temperature in the reactor is controlled at 30-50°C, the stirring speed of the stirring device is set to 50-80 revolutions / min, the reaction time of each component in component B in the reactor is controlled at 40-70 minutes, and component B is prepared by the reactor, and then the semi-prepolymer and the prepared component B are mixed and atomized under the action of high-pressure air to prepare the polymer elastic layer 3.

[0047] Another aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing a blast fragment protection structure, which is used to prepare the above-mentioned blast fragment protection structure, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0048] S1) prepare reinforcing filler 22, and fill the reinforcing filler 22 into the groove on one side of the corrugated plate 23; the corrugated shape of the corrugated plate 23 is an isosceles trapezoid, 25% to 32% of silicate cement, 30% to 35% of quartz sand, 8.5% to 15.0% of silica powder, 3.6% to 12.5% ​​of glass fiber and 6% to 20% of water are mixed and stirred for 5 to 15 minutes, and then 0.1% to 0.3% of basalt fiber is added and stirred for 3 to 8 minutes, and finally 0.05% to 0.15% of carbon fiber is added and stirred for 8 to 15 minutes to form reinforcing filler 22, and the prepared reinforcing filler 22 is filled into the groove on one side of a corrugated plate 23, and then step S2 is performed).

[0049] S2) laying a mesh fiber composite layer 21 on one side of the corrugated plate 23 filled with the reinforcing filler 22, and pouring the reinforcing filler 22 on the mesh fiber composite layer 21 to form a composite part, and leaving the composite part to stand for a first time at a first temperature to form a composite part to be processed; the first temperature is between 20 and 30° C., and the first time is between 2 and 5 hours; the mesh fiber composite layer 21 is formed by bonding multiple composite layers, each composite layer is made of multiple fibers interlaced and woven, and the mesh fiber composite layer 21 is laid on one side of the corrugated plate 23 filled with the reinforcing filler 22, and then Then, a reinforcing filler 22 is poured on the corrugated plate 23 with a composite layer, so that the poured reinforcing filler 22 can fill the gap between the corrugated plate 23 and the mesh fiber composite layer 21, and the gap between two adjacent fibers in the mesh fiber composite layer 21 is filled with the poured reinforcing filler 22, and then the reinforcing filler 22 is poured on the mesh fiber composite layer 21 to form a composite component, and the composite component is left to stand for 2 to 5 hours at an ambient temperature of 20 to 30°C to form a composite component to be processed. At this time, the reinforcing filler 22 poured on the composite component to be processed has not solidified, and then step S3 is executed).

[0050] S3) coating an adhesive on the side of the composite part to be processed on which the reinforcing filler 22 is cast, and bonding another corrugated plate 23 to the side of the composite part to be processed on which the adhesive is coated to form a reinforcing layer 2; after coating the composite part to be processed with the adhesive, press the other corrugated plate 23 tightly against the composite part to be processed by high-pressure pressing, so that the unsolidified reinforcing filler 22 can not only fill the groove of the other corrugated plate 23 facing the composite part to be processed, but also make the reinforcing filler 22 more evenly distributed in the gap between two adjacent fibers in the mesh fiber composite layer 21. At the same time, through high-pressure pressing, the reinforcing filler 22 can be more dense in the groove of the corrugated plate 23, and the excess reinforcing filler 22 will overflow from the end face of the corrugated plate 23. Through high-pressure pressing, a dense and tough reinforcing layer 2 is formed, and then step S4 is executed.

[0051] S4) pouring elastic filler 4 and epoxy resin on one side of the reinforcement layer 2 to fill the groove of the corrugated plate 23 on this side, and pressing the boron carbide ceramic plate 1 to the side of the reinforcement layer 2 filled with elastic filler 4 and epoxy resin; defining a corrugated plate 23 filled with the reinforcement filler 22 first as the upper corrugated plate, and defining a corrugated plate 23 pressed later as the lower corrugated plate. After the reinforcement layer 2 is formed, first pouring elastic filler 4 in the exposed groove of the upper corrugated plate, and filling epoxy resin between the granular balls in the elastic filler 4, pressing the boron carbide ceramic plate 1 on the side of the reinforcement layer 2 filled with the elastic filler 4, and then executing step S5).

[0052] S5) pouring the elastic filler 4 and the epoxy resin on the other side of the reinforcement layer 2 to fill the groove of the corrugated plate 23 on the side to form a reinforcement member;

[0053] S6) Curing the reinforcement at a second temperature for a second time, and polishing the exposed side of the elastic filler 4 and the epoxy resin in the reinforcement until it is smooth; the second temperature is between 60 and 85°C or 20 and 30°C, and the second time is between 2 and 5 hours or 1 to 3 days; in order to make the final blast fragment protection structure have better protection strength and toughness, after the reinforcement is formed, the reinforcement is placed at an ambient temperature of 60 to 85°C for 2 to 5 hours, or the reinforcement is placed at an ambient temperature of 20 to 30°C for 1 to 3 days, and then step S7 is performed).

[0054] S7) spraying the reaction product of component A and component B onto the polished smooth surface of the reinforcement to form a polymer elastic layer 3.

[0055] When spraying the reaction product of component A and component B onto the polished smooth surface of the reinforcement, in order to ensure the spraying quality, an adhesive primer is first applied on the polished smooth surface of the reinforcement under an ambient temperature between 20 and 30°C so that the polymer composite layer formed subsequently can be firmly adhered to the reinforcement, and then the reaction product of component A and component B is sprayed. The reaction product is formed by mixing and atomizing a semi-prepolymer obtained by polymerization reaction of each component in component A and the prepared component B under the action of high-pressure air. Then, the reaction product is sprayed onto the polished smooth surface of the reinforcement. The volume ratio of component A to component B in the reaction product is (0.75 to 1.15):1. The temperature of the working environment during spraying is controlled between 10 and 38°C. The reaction product sprayed onto the polished smooth surface of the reinforcement will condense within 0.5 to 3 minutes. After the spraying is completed, the formed polymer elastic layer 3 is cured at an ambient temperature of 20 to 35°C for 3 to 10 days.

[0056] In order to enable the polymer elastic layer 3 to better absorb explosion fragments, specifically, the polymer elastic layer 3 is made of the reaction product of component A and component B; the component A is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of toluene diisocyanate, 70-95 parts of monopentaerythritol, and 8-15 parts of polyether ester; the component B is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8-18 parts of diethylaminoethanol, 20-60 parts of flexible amine, 5-10 parts of flame retardant, and 6-12 parts of antioxidant.

[0057] On one hand, the present invention provides an explosive fragmentation protection structure, wherein a boron carbide ceramic plate and a polymer elastic layer are respectively arranged on two sides of a reinforcement layer, the rigid strength of the explosive fragmentation structure is enhanced by the boron carbide ceramic plate, the toughness of the explosive fragmentation structure is enhanced by the polymer elastic layer and the reinforcement layer, elastic fillers are filled in the gap between the boron carbide ceramic plate and the corrugated plate and in the gap between the polymer elastic layer and the corrugated plate, thereby enhancing the overall strength and toughness of the explosive fragmentation protection structure, corrugated plates are laminated on both sides of a mesh fiber composite layer of the reinforcement layer, and reinforcing fillers are filled between the corrugated plate and the mesh fiber composite layer to improve the explosion impact resistance of the explosive fragmentation protection structure. The present invention also provides a method for preparing an explosive fragmentation protection structure.

[0058] The explosion-fragment protection structure and the method for preparing the explosion-fragment protection structure provided by the present invention solve the problem of insufficient protection of explosion-proof structures in the prior art against fragments generated by explosions through a rigid-flexible structural setting mode, thereby improving the safety of industrial production and reducing casualties and property losses.

[0059] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the technical concept of the present invention, a variety of simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0060] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention will not further describe various possible combinations.

[0061] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps in the method for implementing the above-mentioned embodiments can be completed by instructing the relevant hardware through a program, and the program is stored in a storage medium, including several instructions for making a single-chip microcomputer, a chip or a processor (processor) perform all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), disk or optical disk and other media that can store program codes.

[0062] In addition, various embodiments of the present invention may be arbitrarily combined, and as long as they do not violate the concept of the embodiments of the present invention, they should also be regarded as the contents disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An explosion fragment protection structure, characterized in that: The explosion fragment protection structure comprises: a boron carbide ceramic plate (1), a reinforcement layer (2), a polymer elastic layer (3) and an elastic filler (4); the boron carbide ceramic plate (1), the reinforcement layer (2) and the polymer elastic layer (3) are stacked in sequence, and the elastic filler (4) is filled in the gap between the boron carbide ceramic plate (1) and the reinforcement layer (2) and in the gap between the reinforcement layer (2) and the polymer elastic layer (3) respectively, wherein the elastic filler comprises a plurality of granular balls; The reinforcement layer (2) comprises: a mesh fiber composite layer (21), a reinforcement filler (22) and two corrugated plates (23); the cross section of the corrugated plate (23) is a continuous isosceles trapezoidal corrugation; the two corrugated plates (23) are relatively fitted on two sides of the mesh fiber composite layer (21); the reinforcement filler (22) is filled in the gap between the corrugated plate (23) and the mesh fiber composite layer (21); the elastic filler (4) is correspondingly filled in the gap between one of the corrugated plates (23) and the boron carbide ceramic plate (1) and in the gap between the other corrugated plate (23) and the polymer elastic layer (3); The mass percentages of the components in the reinforcing filler (22) are: 25% to 32% silicate cement, 30% to 35% quartz sand, 3.6% to 12.5% ​​glass fiber, 0.1% to 0.3% basalt fiber, 0.05% to 0.15% carbon fiber, 8.5% to 15.0% silicon powder, and 6% to 20% water.

2. The explosion fragment protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The boron carbide ceramic plate (1) is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35-60 parts of boron carbide fiber, 2-3 parts of neodymium oxide, 20-35 parts of black silicon carbide, and 6-12 parts of multilayer graphene.

3. The explosion fragment protection structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mass percentage of SiC in the black silicon carbide is 93% to 96%.

4. The explosion fragment protection structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The thickness of the benzene ring structure in the multilayer graphene is between 5 and 10 nm, and the number of benzene ring layers is between 10 and 20.

5. The explosion fragment protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic filler (4) is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80-110 parts of methyl vinyl rubber, 2-5 parts of polyvinyl silicone oil, 35-50 parts of silicon dioxide, 5-10 parts of cyclosilazane, and 0.5-2.5 parts of vulcanized rubber.

6. The explosion fragment protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The included angle α between the waistline of the isosceles trapezoid of the cross section of the corrugated plate (23) and the wave trough is between 30° and 60°, and the included angle β between the waistline of the isosceles trapezoid and the wave crest is between 120° and 150°.

7. The explosion fragment protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mesh fiber composite layer (21) is formed by bonding multiple composite layers, and the ratio of the fiber diameter of two adjacent fibers in each composite layer to the distance between the two fibers is 1:3-8.

8. The explosion fragment protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The polymer elastic layer (3) is made of a reaction product of component A and component B; The component A is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of toluene diisocyanate, 70-95 parts of monopentaerythritol, and 8-15 parts of polyether ester; The component B is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8 to 18 parts of diethylaminoethanol, 20 to 60 parts of flexible amine, 5 to 10 parts of flame retardant, and 6 to 12 parts of antioxidant.

9. A method for preparing an explosion fragment protection structure, characterized in that: The preparation method comprises the following steps: S1) preparing a reinforcing filler (22), and filling the reinforcing filler (22) into a groove on one side of a corrugated plate (23), wherein the cross section of the corrugated plate (23) is a continuous isosceles trapezoidal corrugation; S2) laying a mesh fiber composite layer (21) on one side of the corrugated plate (23) filled with the reinforcing filler (22), pouring the reinforcing filler (22) on the mesh fiber composite layer (21) to form a composite part, and leaving the composite part to stand for a first time at a first temperature to form a composite part to be processed, wherein the mass percentage of each component in the reinforcing filler (22) is: 25% to 32% of silicate cement, 30% to 35% of quartz sand, 3.6% to 12.5% ​​of glass fiber, 0.1% to 0.3% of basalt fiber, 0.05% to 0.15% of carbon fiber, 8.5% to 15.0% of silicon powder, and 6% to 20% of water; S3) coating an adhesive on the side of the composite part to be processed on which the reinforcing filler (22) is cast, and bonding another corrugated board (23) to the side of the composite part to be processed on which the adhesive is coated to form a reinforcing layer (2); S4) pouring an elastic filler (4) and epoxy resin on one side of the reinforcement layer (2) to fill the groove of the corrugated plate (23) on this side, and crimping the boron carbide ceramic plate (1) to the side of the reinforcement layer (2) filled with the elastic filler (4) and epoxy resin, wherein the elastic filler includes a plurality of granular balls; S5) pouring the elastic filler (4) and the epoxy resin on the other side of the reinforcement layer (2) to fill the groove of the corrugated plate (23) on this side to form a reinforcement member; S6) curing the reinforcement at a second temperature for a second period of time, and polishing the exposed side of the elastic filler (4) and the epoxy resin in the reinforcement until they are smooth; S7) spraying the reaction product of component A and component B onto the polished smooth surface of the reinforcement to form a polymer elastic layer (3).

10. The method for preparing a blast fragment protection structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: The polymer elastic layer (3) is made of a reaction product of component A and component B; The component A is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of toluene diisocyanate, 70-95 parts of monopentaerythritol, and 8-15 parts of polyether ester; The component B is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8 to 18 parts of diethylaminoethanol, 20 to 60 parts of flexible amine, 5 to 10 parts of flame retardant, and 6 to 12 parts of antioxidant.

11. The method for preparing a blast fragment protection structure according to claim 10, characterized in that: The volume ratio of the component A to the component B in the reaction product is 0.75-1.15:1.

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