A new sand-fixing material with carbon fixation and sink enhancement function and its use method

Abstract

The present invention is applicable to the field of environmental engineering technology, and provides a new sand-fixing material with the function of fixing carbon and increasing carbon sinks, including a material package, wherein the material package includes shrub seeds, herb seeds, crust dry matter, cement and water retaining agent, and the weight ratio of the shrub seeds, herb seeds, crust dry matter, cement and water retaining agent is 3:3:2:1:1. The method for using the new sand-fixing material with the function of fixing carbon and increasing carbon sinks includes the following steps: step 1, identification of background conditions and collection of samples; step 2, propagation and processing of crust dry matter; step 3, detection of biological activity of crust dry matter; step 4, preparation of material package; step 5, inoculation of material package. The new sand-fixing material planted by this method has the advantages of low cost, high efficiency, easy implementation, multifunctionality and sustainability, and has good use effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental engineering, and in particular relates to a new sand-fixing material with carbon fixation and sink enhancement functions and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] my country is one of the countries most seriously affected by desertification in the world. According to the fifth national desertification and sandification monitoring data in 2014, the area of ​​desertified land in my country is 2.6116 million km 2 , accounting for 27.2% of the total land area, of which 1.7212 million km 2 , accounting for 65.9% of the total desertified area and 17.92% of the total land area (State Forestry Administration, 2015). Sandy desertification has obviously become one of the most serious environmental problems facing human society today.

[0003] In order to reduce the harm of wind and sand, scholars at home and abroad have successively used engineering measures (grass grid sand barriers, sand willow sand barriers, sandbag sand barriers, nylon net sand barriers), plant measures (mainly afforestation), chemical measures (mainly using chemical sand fixation agents) and other technical means, and have achieved remarkable results in reducing the harm of wind and sand and improving the living environment. However, traditional engineering measures have many shortcomings such as difficulty in implementation, high cost, and poor sustainability; the wind and sand fixation technology system based on afforestation has defects such as long construction period, high water consumption, and slow soil recovery; and chemical measures have shortcomings such as high pollution risk, high material requirements, and short protection period, which obviously cannot meet the new requirements of high-quality development of regional economy and society in the new era. The lack of relevant theoretical research and development of key technologies, and the lack of effective guidance for practice are the key reasons why the existing wind and sand fixation technology system has not achieved transformation and upgrading and quality and efficiency improvement after decades of development.

[0004] Therefore, in the context of the country's in-depth implementation of ecological civilization construction and the increasingly severe task of ecological governance in my country's northern sandy areas, it is an urgent need for the high-quality development of the regional economy and society to develop new sand control materials that are "low-cost, high-efficiency, multi-functional, easy to implement and sustainable" to achieve the transformation and upgrading of the traditional wind-breaking and sand-fixing technology system and improve quality and efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a new sand-fixing material with carbon fixation and sink enhancement function and a method of using the same, aiming to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0006] An embodiment of the present invention is implemented as follows: a new sand-fixing material with carbon fixation and sink enhancement function includes a material package, wherein the material package includes shrub seeds, herb seeds, crust dry matter, adhesive and water retaining agent, and the weight ratio of the shrub seeds, herb seeds, crust dry matter, adhesive and water retaining agent is 3:3:2:1:1.

[0007] According to a further technical solution, the herbaceous seeds are seeds of dominant shrubs and grasses in the planting area.

[0008] According to a further technical solution, the material package also includes an auxiliary material package, which includes one or more of shrub seeds, herb seeds, crust dry matter, adhesives and water retaining agents, and is used to adjust the weight ratio of each component in the material package according to the planting conditions of the planting area.

[0009] According to a further technical solution, the specifications of the crust dry matter are 1g, 2g and 4g.

[0010] In a further technical solution, the herbaceous seeds include one or more of Sago, Setaria viridis, Elymus dahliae, Leymus chinensis and Amaris canescens.

[0011] According to a further technical solution, the crusted dry matter is in the shape of a circle, a rectangle or a triangle.

[0012] Another object of the embodiment of the present invention is to provide a method for using a new sand-fixing material having the function of fixing carbon and increasing carbon sink, comprising the following steps:

[0013] Step 1: Identification of background conditions and collection of samples:

[0014] Step 1.1: Conduct field surveys in different sandy areas, record environmental factors including precipitation, texture, climate and organisms in different sandy areas, and investigate the relationship between vascular plants and the development of biological crusts;

[0015] Step 1.2: Collect local dominant shrub seeds, dominant herb seeds and natural biological crust samples and analyze them in the laboratory;

[0016] Step 2: Expansion and processing of crust dry matter:

[0017] Identify the dominant biological components in the collected biological crusts, select their filaments, and make crust dry matter of different shapes (powder, granules, flakes) and sizes through separation, purification, inoculation, cultivation, propagation and drying processes;

[0018] Step 3: Detection of biological activity of crust dry matter:

[0019] Detect the biological activity of the dry matter of the biological crust under laboratory and field conditions (or optimize the conditions for restoring the biological activity of the dry matter of the biological crust);

[0020] Step 4: Making the material package:

[0021] The basic components of the material package include shrub seeds, herbaceous seeds (local dominant shrubs and grasses are given priority), crust dry matter, adhesives and water-retaining agents (ready-made products are available), which are mixed in a ratio of 3:3:2:1:1 (weight ratio) to form a "shrub-grass-crust" material package (this ratio is also adjusted according to the natural environmental conditions of different sandy areas, especially the precipitation conditions).

[0022] Step 5: Inoculation of material package:

[0023] The construction process adopts mechanical operation. The local dominant shrub seeds and herb seeds (or typical sand-fixing plant seeds) are mixed evenly according to the weight ratio described in step 4 and then loaded into the seed seeder (the specific amount depends on the local natural environment conditions, generally 50-100g / m 2 Amount), another set of auxiliary material seeder is hung behind the seed seeder, the crust dry matter, adhesive and water retaining agent are loaded into the auxiliary material seeder according to the specified proportion, forming an inoculation method in which the seed seeder with plant seeds is in front and the auxiliary material seeder with crust dry matter and other auxiliary materials is in the back. After the seed seeder buries the plant seeds in the shallow layer (0-5cm) of dry sand (try to ensure that the plant seeds are buried in the sand), the auxiliary material seeder spreads the crust dry matter and other auxiliary materials on the surface (try to avoid the crust dry matter and other auxiliary materials being buried in the sand), forming a situation of simultaneous inoculation on the ground and the surface.

[0024] In a further technical solution, in step 3, the detected indicators include: chlorophyll content and coverage of biological crust; if the coverage of biological crust or chlorophyll content is not detected on the surface, or the content is very low, it means that the biological activity of the extracted dry matter is poor (or the induction conditions are not suitable), and it is necessary to re-extract or further optimize the external conditions. If the above detection indicators are acceptable (such as achieving from scratch within a certain period of time), it can be used for the development of material packages.

[0025] According to a further technical solution, in step 3, the sizes of the crust dry matter used are 1g, 2g and 4g, and the shapes are circle, rectangle and triangle respectively, and the designed rainfall gradients are natural rainfall, 2 times of natural rainfall and 1 / 2 of natural rainfall.

[0026] A further technical solution is that in step 5, commonly used shrub plants include Caragana korshinskii, Artemisia ordosica and alfalfa, and commonly used herbaceous plants include Sago sphaerocephala, Setaria viridis, Elymus dahliae, Leymus chinensis and Amaris grandis.

[0027] A further technical solution is that in step 5, after the inoculation of the material package is completed, in order to prevent the redistribution of the components of the material package due to sand blowing up by strong winds (i.e., to prevent plant seeds from being blown out of the ground and dry matter such as crusts from being buried in sand), a grass grid sand barrier (the sand barrier specification is 1×1 square meter, and the natural height of the ground is about 20 cm) is laid in the inoculation area to increase the surface roughness and keep the ground in a relatively stable state.

[0028] The embodiments of the present invention provide a new sand-fixing material with carbon fixation and sink enhancement function and a method of using the same, and the beneficial effects thereof are as follows:

[0029] (1) Compared with traditional engineering measures such as nylon net sand barriers and sandbag sand barriers, this method has low use cost;

[0030] (2) Compared with the natural formation of biological crusts and plant fixation, this method has a high sand fixation efficiency. Sand fixation is basically achieved in the year of inoculation, and biological crusts begin to form within 1-2 years;

[0031] (3) Mechanized construction is easy to implement. For areas where construction is difficult, it is expected that drones can be used for construction;

[0032] (4) Not only does it fix the quicksand, but the biological crust formed on the surface also increases the carbon and nitrogen content of the sand through photosynthetic carbon fixation and nitrogen fixation, helping to achieve the goals of carbon peak and carbon neutrality;

[0033] (5) Once the products grown by this method are formed, they can maintain their own survival even in extremely dry conditions. Even if the engineering measures such as the grass grids laid after inoculation rot and lose their original protective function, the shrubs and grass plants growing on the surface can achieve density regulation through self-organization and reach a long-term stable equilibrium state, thereby achieving the purpose of continuous protection against quicksand fixation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 This is a graph showing the changes in surface chlorophyll a+b content under wet and dry conditions;

[0035] Figure 2 The changes in surface biological crust coverage under wet and dry conditions. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0037] The specific implementation of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0038] like Figure 1-2 As shown, a new sand-fixing material with carbon fixation and sink enhancement function provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes a material package, which includes shrub seeds, herb seeds, crust dry matter, adhesive and water-retaining agent, and the weight ratio of the shrub seeds, herb seeds, crust dry matter, adhesive and water-retaining agent is 3:3:2:1:1.

[0039] In an embodiment of the present invention, the material package also includes an auxiliary material package, which includes one or more of shrub seeds, herb seeds, crust dry matter, adhesives and water-retaining agents, and is used to adjust the weight ratio of each component in the material package according to the planting conditions of the planting area.

[0040] The herb seeds are seeds of dominant shrubs in the planting area, and specifically, the herb seeds include one or more of Sago, Setaria, Elymus, Leymus chinensis and Atriplex. The specifications of the crust dry matter are 1g, 2g and 4g. The shape of the crust dry matter is round, rectangular and triangular.

[0041] An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for using a new sand-fixing material with carbon fixation and sink enhancement function, comprising the following steps:

[0042] Step 1: Identification of background conditions and collection of samples:

[0043] Step 1.1: Conduct field surveys in different sandy areas, record environmental factors including precipitation, texture, climate and organisms in different sandy areas, and investigate the relationship between vascular plants and the development of biological crusts;

[0044] Step 1.2: Collect local dominant shrub seeds, dominant herb seeds and natural biological crust samples and analyze them in the laboratory.

[0045] Step 2: Expansion and processing of crust dry matter:

[0046] The dominant biological components in the collected biological crusts are identified, and their filaments are selected. Through separation, purification, inoculation, cultivation, propagation and drying processes, crust dry matter of different shapes (powder, granules, flakes) and sizes is produced.

[0047] Step 3: Detection of biological activity of crust dry matter:

[0048] The biological activity of the dry matter of the biological crust is tested under laboratory and field conditions (or the conditions for restoring the biological activity of the dry matter of the biological crust are optimized); the test indicators include: chlorophyll content and the coverage of the biological crust; if the coverage or chlorophyll content of the biological crust is not detected on the surface, or its content is very low, it means that the biological activity of the extracted dry matter is poor (or the induction conditions are not suitable), and it is necessary to re-extract or further optimize the external conditions. If the above test indicators are acceptable (such as achieving from scratch within a certain period of time), it can be used for the development of material packages.

[0049] Step 4: Making the material package:

[0050] The basic components of the material package include shrub seeds, herbaceous seeds (generally local dominant shrubs and grasses), crust dry matter, adhesives and water-retaining agents (ready-made products), which are mixed in the ratio of 3:3:2:1:1 (weight ratio) to form a "shrub-grass-crust" material package (this ratio is also adjusted according to the natural environmental conditions of different sandy areas, especially the precipitation conditions).

[0051] Step 5: Inoculation of material package:

[0052] The construction process adopts mechanical operation. The local dominant shrub seeds and herb seeds (or typical sand-fixing plant seeds) are mixed evenly according to the weight ratio described in step 4 and then loaded into the seed seeder (the specific amount depends on the local natural environment conditions, generally 50-100g / m 2 Amount), another set of auxiliary material seeder is hung behind the seed seeder, the crust dry matter, adhesive and water retaining agent are loaded into the auxiliary material seeder according to the specified proportion, forming an inoculation method in which the seed seeder with plant seeds is in front and the auxiliary material seeder with crust dry matter and other auxiliary materials is in the back. After the seed seeder buries the plant seeds in the shallow layer (0-5cm) of dry sand (try to ensure that the plant seeds are buried in the sand), the auxiliary material seeder spreads the crust dry matter and other auxiliary materials on the surface (try to avoid the dry matter being buried in the sand), forming a situation of simultaneous inoculation on the ground and the surface.

[0053] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step 3, the sizes of the crust dry matter used are 1, 2 and 4 g, and the shapes are circular, rectangular and triangular respectively, and the designed rainfall gradients are natural rainfall, 2 times of natural rainfall and 1 / 2 of natural rainfall.

[0054] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step 5, commonly used shrubs include Caragana korshinskii, Artemisia ordosica and alfalfa, and commonly used herbaceous plants include Sago asiatica, Setaria viridis, Elymus dahliae, Leymus chinensis and Amaris grandis.

[0055] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step 5, after the inoculation of the material package is completed, in order to prevent the redistribution of the components of the material package due to sand blowing up by strong winds (i.e., to prevent plant seeds from being blown out of the ground and dry matter such as crusts from being buried in sand), a grass grid sand barrier (the sand barrier specification is 1×1 square meter, and the natural height of the ground is about 20 cm) is laid in the inoculation area to increase the surface roughness and keep the ground in a relatively stable state.

[0056] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step 5, as the best choice, the inoculation process of the material package is carried out before rainfall. When a rainfall event occurs, the adhesive can fix the crusted dry matter on the surface of the sand dune, making it less likely to move or be buried by sand as much as possible, thereby enhancing the stability of the surface; and the water retaining agent can effectively alleviate the water evaporation process, creating favorable conditions for the germination process of shrub and grass plant seeds.

[0057] In the demonstration application in the construction disturbance area of ​​the Shaanxi-Beijing Fourth Line Natural Gas Pipeline located on the southern edge of the Mu Us Desert, the sand fixation event was shortened to within 1 year, and the biological crust promotion event was shortened to within 1-2 years, achieving significant results such as rapid fixation of sand and rapid formation of biological crust. At the same time, the surface vegetation coverage reached 30-40% in the year of inoculation (inoculation in May and observation in September), and the annual carbon and nitrogen fixation of the formed biological crust reached 12.5g / m 2 and 2.8g / m 2 .

[0058] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for using a new sand-fixing material with carbon fixation and sink enhancement function, characterized in that: The material package includes shrub seeds, herb seeds, crust dry matter, cement and water retaining agent, wherein the weight ratio of the shrub seeds, herb seeds, crust dry matter, cement and water retaining agent is 3:3:2:1:1; The method for using the new sand-fixing material comprises the following steps: Step 1: Identification of background conditions and collection of samples: Step 1.1: Conduct field surveys in different sandy areas, record environmental factors including precipitation, texture, climate and organisms in different sandy areas, and investigate the relationship between vascular plants and the development of biological crusts; Step 1.2: Collect local dominant shrub seeds, dominant herb seeds and natural biological crust samples and analyze them in the laboratory; Step 2: Expansion and processing of crust dry matter: Identify the dominant biological components in the collected biological crusts, select their filaments, and make crust dry matter of different shapes and sizes through separation, purification, inoculation, cultivation, propagation and drying processes; Step 3: Detection of biological activity of crust dry matter: The biological activity of the dry matter of biocrusts was tested under laboratory and field conditions. Step 4: Making the material package: The material package includes shrub seeds, local dominant shrub and grass seeds, crust dry matter, cement and water retaining agent, which are mixed in a weight ratio of 3:3:2:1:1 to form a material package; Step 5: Inoculation of the material package. After the inoculation of the material package is completed, lay a grass grid sand barrier in the inoculation area: The selected shrub seeds and herb seeds are mixed evenly according to the weight ratio described in step 4 and then loaded into the seed seeder. According to the local natural environmental conditions, 100g / m 2 A set of auxiliary material seeders is equipped and hung behind the seed seeder. The crust dry matter, cement and water retaining agent are loaded into the auxiliary material seeder according to the specified ratio, forming an inoculation method in which the seed seeder with plant seeds is in front and the auxiliary material seeder with crust dry matter, cement and water retaining agent is in the back. After the seed seeder buries the plant seeds in the dry sand with a depth of 5 cm, the auxiliary material seeder spreads the crust dry matter, cement and water retaining agent on the surface, forming a form of simultaneous inoculation on the ground and the surface; In step 3, the indicators detected include chlorophyll content and coverage of biological crust: If no biocrust coverage or chlorophyll content is detected on the ground surface, it means that the biological activity of the extracted dry matter is poor or the induction conditions are not suitable, and it is necessary to re-extract or optimize the external conditions; If the above test indicators meet the standards, the extracted dry matter can be used for the preparation of material packages; In step 3, the sizes of the crust dry matter are 1 g, 2 g and 4 g, and the shapes are circular, rectangular and triangular, respectively. The rainfall gradients of the experimental design are natural rainfall, twice the natural rainfall and 1 / 2 of the natural rainfall; The material package also includes an auxiliary material package, which includes one or more of shrub seeds, herb seeds, crust dry matter, cementing agent and water retaining agent, and is used to adjust the weight ratio of each component in the material package according to the planting conditions of the planting area; The inoculation process of the material bag is carried out before rainfall; The use method of the new sand-fixing material can shorten the sand-fixing event to within 1 year, and shorten the biological crust-promoting event to within 1-2 years; Inoculated in May of the same year, the surface vegetation coverage was observed to reach 30-40% in September, and the annual carbon and nitrogen fixation of the formed biological crust could reach 12.5g / m 2 and 2.8g / m 2 ; The herbaceous seeds include one or more of Sago, Setaria, Elymus, Leymus chinensis and Atriplex; The shrub seeds include Artemisia ordosica, Caragana microphylla and Alfalfa; The shape of the crust dry matter is circular, rectangular and triangular; In step 5, the specifications of the grass grid sand barrier are 1×1 square meter, and the average natural height of the ground is 20 cm.

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