A sheep feed additive and its preparation method and application

Abstract

The present invention provides a sheep feed additive and a preparation method and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of animal feed additives. The feed additive of the present invention comprises Radix Isatidis, Polygonatum, Tangerine Peel, Garlic, Selenium-enriched Yeast, Bifidobacterium, Glucose Oxidase, and Phytase. The above components are scientifically matched, synergistically enhanced, and have no toxic side effects. The feed additive prepared by fermentation process and addition of enzyme preparation contains fine nutrients required by sheep and components for improving body immunity, is more easily absorbed and utilized by sheep, improves feed conversion rate, and can significantly improve mutton quality and sheep slaughter weight, thereby increasing sheep breeding income.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of animal feed additives, and in particular to a sheep feed additive and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Feed additives used in sheep farming, in addition to nutritional additives such as amino acids, vitamins, trace elements, etc., also contain non-nutritional ingredients such as growth promoters, antibiotics, flavor enhancers, and chemically synthesized antibacterial drugs. If these non-nutritional ingredients are consumed for a long time, it is easy to cause flora disorders in the sheep's gastrointestinal system and drug resistance to pathogens, which in turn leads to reduced immune resistance and affects the healthy growth of sheep. Therefore, the development and use of new and safe sheep feed additives are becoming increasingly important.

[0003] At present, there are various types of sheep feed additives, such as β-hydroxybutyric acid and niacin compositions, composite bacterial agents, Chinese medicine compositions, enzyme preparations, etc., and the effects of existing sheep feed additives are uneven. Some feed additives can only regulate the gastrointestinal microbial environment, some can only inhibit pathogenic bacteria, and some have the effects of regulating the gastrointestinal microbial environment and inhibiting harmful bacteria, but the effect is slow and requires long-term consumption. At the same time, the improvement of mutton quality by sheep feed additives with a single ingredient is not clear. Therefore, it is very necessary to develop a feed additive that can promote the healthy growth of sheep and improve the quality of mutton. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a sheep feed additive and a preparation method and application thereof. The feed additive provided by the present invention can significantly improve the quality of mutton and the growth rate of sheep.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] The invention provides a sheep feed additive, comprising the following components in parts by weight: 25-45 parts of isatis root, 20-35 parts of polygonatum, 10-20 parts of tangerine peel, 5-15 parts of garlic, 0.5-10 parts of selenium-enriched yeast, 0.5-8 parts of bifidobacteria, 0.5-5 parts of glucose oxidase and 0.2-3 parts of phytase.

[0007] Preferably, the sheep feed additive comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of isatis root, 25-32 parts of polygonatum, 12-18 parts of tangerine peel, 8-12 parts of garlic, 0.8-8 parts of selenium-enriched yeast, 0.8-5 parts of bifidobacteria, 0.8-3 parts of glucose oxidase, and 0.4-2 parts of phytase.

[0008] Preferably, the usage ratio of the selenium-enriched yeast to bifidobacterium is 1:0.5-2.5.

[0009] The invention provides a method for preparing a sheep feed additive, comprising the following steps: (1) crushing isatis root, polygonatum sibiricum, tangerine peel and garlic into 30-45 meshes; (2) preparing a mixed bacterial liquid with selenium-enriched yeast and bifidobacteria, adding the mixed bacterial liquid to the material prepared in the step (1), and fermenting; (3) centrifuging the fermented product obtained in the step (2), taking the supernatant, and spray-drying; (4) uniformly mixing the dried material in the step (3) with glucose oxidase and phytase to obtain the sheep feed additive.

[0010] Preferably, the concentration of the mixed bacterial solution is 5-15%.

[0011] Preferably, before fermentation, the moisture content of the material added to the mixed bacterial liquid needs to be adjusted to 25-45%.

[0012] Preferably, the fermentation temperature is 25-40° C., and the fermentation time is 5-8 days.

[0013] Preferably, the centrifugal speed is 3000-5000 rpm, and the centrifugal time is 4-8 min.

[0014] The present invention provides the use of the sheep feed additive in preparing feed for improving mutton quality and sheep slaughter weight, wherein the sheep feed additive accounts for 80 to 300 g / t in the basic feed.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] The present invention effectively combines four traditional Chinese medicines, namely, Radix Isatidis, Polygonatum sibiricum, Tangerine Peel and Garlic, for the first time. Radix Isatidis has the effects of resisting bacteria, viruses and endotoxins and enhancing immune regulation; Polygonatum sibiricum has the effects of inhibiting bacteria, lowering lipids and stopping bleeding and protecting against chemical liver damage; Tangerine Peel has the effects of regulating qi and appetizing, drying dampness and resolving phlegm and adjusting the digestive system; Garlic has the effects of killing bacteria and stimulating taste buds. The four traditional Chinese medicines are scientifically compatible and synergistically enhanced, and have the effects of stimulating sheep to eat, resisting pathogens and improving the immunity of sheep.

[0017] The four traditional Chinese medicines of the invention are fermented by selenium-enriched yeast and bifidobacterium, and macromolecules in the four traditional Chinese medicines can be finely fermented to obtain nutrients and medicinal ingredients that are more conducive to absorption and utilization by sheep bodies; adding glucose oxidase can inhibit mold growth and eliminate toxin poisoning; adding phytase can improve the digestion and absorption rate of phosphorus, reduce the complexation of phytic acid with other mineral elements and amino acids, thereby improving the digestion and utilization rate of various nutrients.

[0018] The components used in the sheep feed additive of the invention are widely available and low in cost; the preparation method of the sheep feed additive is simple and convenient, and the production and operation are easy, thereby having broad application prospects. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The present invention provides a sheep feed additive, comprising the following components by weight: 25-45 parts of Radix Isatidis, 20-35 parts of Polygonatum, 10-20 parts of dried tangerine peel, 5-15 parts of garlic, 0.5-10 parts of selenium-enriched yeast, 0.5-8 parts of Bifidobacterium, 0.5-5 parts of glucose oxidase, and 0.2-3 parts of phytase; preferably comprising the following components by weight: 30-40 parts of Radix Isatidis, 25-32 parts of Polygonatum, 12-18 parts of dried tangerine peel, 8-12 parts of garlic, 0.8-8 parts of selenium-enriched yeast, 0.8-5 parts of Bifidobacterium, 0.8-3 parts of glucose oxidase, and 0.4-2 parts of phytase. The dosage ratio of the selenium-enriched yeast to the bifidobacterium of the present invention is 1:0.5-2.5, preferably 1:0.8-2.1. The components of the present invention are not particularly limited, and commercially available products well known to those skilled in the art can be used.

[0020] In the present invention, the Radix Isatidis has the effects of resisting bacteria, viruses, endotoxins, and enhancing immune regulation, and the nutritional components include vegetable protein, resinous matter, and sugars, and the amino acids include arginine, proline, glutamic acid, tyrosine, γ-aminobutyric acid, valine, and leucine; the Polygonatum sibiricum has the effects of inhibiting bacteria, lowering lipids, stopping bleeding, and protecting against chemical liver damage, and the nutritional components include aspartic acid, digitalis glycosides, anthraquinone compounds, mucus, sugars, niacin, zinc, copper, iron, etc.; The tangerine peel has the functions of regulating qi and appetizing, drying dampness and removing phlegm, and adjusting the digestive system, and can stimulate sheep to eat. The nutritional ingredients are rich in vitamin E, potassium, iron, dietary fiber, volatile oil, hesperidin, vitamin B, C and other ingredients; the garlic has the functions of promoting qi stagnation, warming the spleen and stomach, eliminating stagnation, detoxifying and killing insects. The allicin contained in it can stimulate sheep to eat and increase feed utilization. The nutritional ingredients contain protein, fat, carbohydrates, B vitamins, vitamin C, trace elements such as calcium, phosphorus and iron, and organic compounds such as sulfur and selenium. The isatis root, polygonatum, tangerine peel and garlic described in the present invention are scientifically compatible, can effectively kill pathogenic microorganisms harmful to sheep bodies, stimulate sheep to effectively eat, increase sheep body immunity, and have a synergistic effect.

[0021] In the present invention, the selenium in the selenium-enriched yeast is organically combined with the protein and polysaccharide in the yeast body to be converted into biological selenium, which has no toxic side effects on the body and can provide safe selenium that is beneficial to the health of the body. The biological selenium can improve the quality of mutton and increase the content of its beneficial fatty acids and amino acids; the combination of bifidobacteria and selenium-enriched yeast can finely ferment the macromolecules in the four traditional Chinese medicines of isatis root, polygonatum, tangerine peel and garlic to obtain nutrients and medicinal ingredients that are more conducive to absorption and utilization by the sheep body.

[0022] In the present invention, the glucose oxidase can inhibit the growth of molds and eliminate toxin poisoning, and improve the digestion and absorption of nutrients; the phytase can improve the digestion and absorption rate of phosphorus, reduce the complexation of phytic acid with other mineral elements and amino acids, and improve the digestion and utilization rate of various nutrients.

[0023] The present invention provides a method for preparing a sheep feed additive, comprising the following steps: (1) crushing Radix Isatidis, Polygonatum sibiricum, dried tangerine peel and garlic to 30-45 meshes; (2) preparing selenium-enriched yeast and bifidobacteria into a mixed bacterial liquid, adding the mixed liquid to the material prepared in step (1) for fermentation; (3) centrifuging the fermented product obtained in step (2), taking the supernatant and spray drying; (4) uniformly mixing the material dried in step (3) with glucose oxidase and phytase to obtain the sheep feed additive. The concentration of the mixed bacterial liquid of the present invention is 5-15%, preferably 10%. Before fermentation, the moisture content of the material added to the mixed bacterial liquid needs to be adjusted to 25-45%, preferably 30%. The sheep feed additive prepared by the preparation method of the present invention is easy to absorb and utilize, enhances the immunity of sheep, and improves the slaughter weight of sheep and the quality of mutton.

[0024] In the present invention, the fermentation temperature is 25-40°C, and the fermentation time is 5-8 days, preferably the fermentation temperature is 30°C, and the fermentation time is 6 days. The fermentation temperature and time set by the present invention can effectively ferment the four Chinese medicinal materials of Radix Isatidis, Polygonatum, Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae and Garlic to produce the nutrients and medicinal ingredients that are beneficial to the sheep's body, and can also ferment the effective ingredients that stimulate the sheep to eat.

[0025] In the present invention, the centrifugal speed is 3000-5000 rpm, the centrifugal time is 4-8 min, preferably the centrifugal speed is 4500 rpm, the centrifugal time is 5 min. The centrifugation of the present invention centrifuges the supernatant containing the active ingredients as much as possible and discards the precipitate in the centrifuge tube.

[0026] The present invention provides an application of the sheep feed additive in preparing a feed for improving the quality of mutton and the slaughter weight of sheep. The sheep feed additive of the present invention accounts for 80 to 300 g / t in the basic feed, preferably 100 g / t. The feed additive of the present invention can stimulate the sheep to eat effectively, protect the sheep's digestive system, promote the effective utilization of feed, absorb more nutrients, and thus significantly improve the growth rate of sheep weight and the quality of mutton.

[0027] The technical solutions in the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] Example 1 A sheep feed additive and its preparation method

[0029] The invention is composed of the following components in parts by weight: 35 parts of isatis root, 30 parts of polygonatum, 15 parts of tangerine peel, 10 parts of garlic, 3 parts of selenium-enriched yeast, 2 parts of bifidobacterium, 3 parts of glucose oxidase and 1 part of phytase.

[0030] The preparation method is as follows:

[0031] (1) Grind the above-mentioned Radix Isatidis, Polygonatum sibiricum, Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae and Garlic into 40 meshes;

[0032] (2) preparing a mixed bacterial solution with a mass ratio of 10% by weight of the selenium-enriched yeast and bifidobacteria, adding the mixed bacterial solution to the material prepared in step (1), adjusting the moisture content of the material to 30%, and fermenting at a fermentation temperature of 30° C. for 6 days;

[0033] (3) centrifuging the fermented product obtained in step (2) at a centrifugal speed of 4500 rpm for 5 min, taking the supernatant, and spray drying;

[0034] (4) The dried material in step (3) is uniformly mixed with the above-mentioned glucose oxidase and phytase in parts by weight to obtain a sheep feed additive.

[0035] Example 2 A sheep feed additive and its preparation method

[0036] The invention is composed of the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of Radix Isatidis, 40 parts of Polygonatum sibiricum, 12 parts of dried tangerine peel, 8 parts of garlic, 2 parts of selenium-enriched yeast, 2 parts of Bifidobacterium, 2 parts of glucose oxidase and 0.4 parts of phytase.

[0037] The preparation method is as follows:

[0038] (1) Grind the above-mentioned Radix Isatidis, Polygonatum sibiricum, Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae and Garlic into 45 meshes;

[0039] (2) preparing a mixed bacterial solution with a mass ratio of 15% by weight of the selenium-enriched yeast and bifidobacteria, adding the mixed bacterial solution to the material prepared in step (1), adjusting the moisture content of the material to 45%, and fermenting at a fermentation temperature of 27° C. for 7 days;

[0040] (3) centrifuging the fermented product obtained in step (2) at a centrifugal speed of 5000 rpm for 4 min, taking the supernatant, and spray drying;

[0041] (4) The dried material in step (3) is uniformly mixed with the above-mentioned glucose oxidase and phytase in parts by weight to obtain a sheep feed additive.

[0042] Example 3 A sheep feed additive and its preparation method

[0043] The invention is composed of the following components in parts by weight: 40 parts of Radix Isatidis, 20 parts of Polygonatum sibiricum, 10 parts of dried tangerine peel, 5 parts of garlic, 0.5 parts of selenium-enriched yeast, 1.2 parts of Bifidobacterium, 0.8 parts of glucose oxidase and 0.4 parts of phytase.

[0044] The preparation method is as follows:

[0045] (1) Grind the above-mentioned Radix Isatidis, Polygonatum, Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae and Garlic into 30 mesh sizes;

[0046] (2) preparing a mixed bacterial solution with a mass ratio of 5% by weight of the selenium-enriched yeast and bifidobacteria, adding the mixed bacterial solution to the material prepared in step (1), adjusting the moisture content of the material to 25%, and fermenting at a fermentation temperature of 40° C. for 7 days;

[0047] (3) centrifuging the fermented product obtained in step (2) at a centrifugal speed of 3000 rpm for 6 min, taking the supernatant, and spray drying;

[0048] (4) The dried material in step (3) is uniformly mixed with the above-mentioned glucose oxidase and phytase in parts by weight to obtain a sheep feed additive.

[0049] Comparative Example 1

[0050] The component composition of the sheep feed additive is different from that of Example 1 in that Radix Isatidis is replaced by Flos Lonicerae, and the rest are the same.

[0051] The preparation method is the same as Example 1.

[0052] Comparative Example 2

[0053] The components of the sheep feed additive are different from those of Example 1 in that Radix Isatidis is removed, and the rest are the same.

[0054] The preparation method is the same as Example 1.

[0055] Comparative Example 3

[0056] The components of the sheep feed additive are different from those in Example 1 in that tangerine peel is replaced by hawthorn, and the rest are the same.

[0057] The preparation method is the same as Example 1.

[0058] Comparative Example 4

[0059] The component composition of the sheep feed additive is different from that of Example 1 in that Bifidobacterium is replaced by Bacillus subtilis, and the rest are the same.

[0060] The preparation method is the same as Example 1.

[0061] Comparative Example 5

[0062] The components of the sheep feed additive are different from those of Example 1 in that glucose oxidase and phytase are removed, and the rest are the same.

[0063] The preparation method is the same as Example 1.

[0064] Example 4 Effect of feed additives on sheep growth performance

[0065] The feed additive was mixed with the basic feed at a ratio of 100 g / t to serve as feed for sheep; the basic feed was conventional feed for existing sheep and was purchased from New Hope Liuhe Feed.

[0066] 180 horse-head goats weighing 20±3kg were selected and divided into 9 groups, each with 20 goats. The 9 groups were fed with feeds containing the goat feed additives prepared in Examples 1 to 3, feeds containing the goat feed additives prepared in Comparative Examples 1 to 5, and basic feeds. All horse-head goats were raised according to conventional breeding methods. The goats were fed continuously for 20 days, and the weight gain of the horse-head goats was recorded. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0067] Initial weight: body weight at the beginning of the feeding experiment;

[0068] Final weight: body weight at the end of the feeding experiment;

[0069] Weight gain = last weight - starting weight;

[0070] Slaughter rate = carcass weight / live weight before slaughter × 100%;

[0071] Feed-to-meat ratio: refers to the average amount of feed consumed by sheep for every kilogram of gross weight gain during the feeding experiment, used to evaluate the feed efficiency of the test sheep. Feed-to-meat ratio = total feed consumption / total weight gain during the feeding experiment.

[0072] Table 1 Effects of feed additives on growth performance of Matou goats

[0073]

[0074] As shown in Table 1, the weight gain and slaughter rate of the sheep fed with the feed additives prepared in Examples 1 to 3 are significantly higher than those in Comparative Examples 1 to 5, and the feed-to-meat ratio is lower than that in other comparative examples, which indicates that the feed additive prepared by the present invention has the effect of significantly improving the slaughter rate and feed utilization rate of sheep. In addition, by comparing the comparative examples with the embodiments, it is found that the replacement or deletion of the components in the feed additive has a certain effect on the slaughter rate and the meat-to-feed ratio of sheep, which proves that the components of the present invention have a synergistic effect, and each component is indispensable.

[0075] Example 5 Effect of feed additives on mutton quality

[0076] The feeding feed, groups and horsehead goats used in the groups were set as in Example 4, and the feeding method was the same as in Example 4. The muscle fatty acid composition of the horsehead goats before feeding and after feeding for 20 days was determined by Qingdao Yixin Testing Technology Service Co., Ltd. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0077] Table 2 Fatty acid composition of sheep muscle (%)

[0078]

[0079]

[0080] As shown in the results of Table 2, the total fatty acid composition of the mutton fed with the feed additives prepared in Examples 1 to 3 is significantly higher than that of the control example, which indicates that the feed additive prepared in the present invention has the effect of significantly improving the quality of mutton.

[0081] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sheep feed additive, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25-45 parts of Radix Isatidis, 20-35 parts of Polygonatum, 10-20 parts of dried tangerine peel, 5-15 parts of garlic, 0.5-10 parts of selenium-enriched yeast, 0.5-8 parts of Bifidobacterium, 0.5-5 parts of glucose oxidase, and 0.2-3 parts of phytase; The preparation method of the sheep feed additive comprises the following steps: (1) Crush the Radix Isatidis, Polygonatum, Tangerine Peel and Garlic into 30-45 mesh; (2) preparing a mixed bacterial liquid of selenium-enriched yeast and bifidobacteria, adding the mixed bacterial liquid to the material prepared in step (1), and fermenting; (3) centrifuging the fermentation product obtained in step (2), taking the supernatant, and spray drying it; (4) The dried material in step (3) is uniformly mixed with glucose oxidase and phytase to obtain a sheep feed additive.

2. The sheep feed additive according to claim 1, characterized in that The invention comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of isatis root, 25-32 parts of polygonatum, 12-18 parts of tangerine peel, 8-12 parts of garlic, 0.8-8 parts of selenium-enriched yeast, 0.8-5 parts of bifidobacteria, 0.8-3 parts of glucose oxidase and 0.4-2 parts of phytase.

3. The sheep feed additive according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The usage ratio of the selenium-enriched yeast to the bifidobacterium is 1:0.5-2.

5.

4. The method for preparing the sheep feed additive according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The steps include: (1) Crush the Radix Isatidis, Polygonatum, Tangerine Peel and Garlic into 30-45 mesh; (2) preparing a mixed bacterial liquid of selenium-enriched yeast and bifidobacteria, adding the mixed bacterial liquid to the material prepared in step (1), and fermenting; (3) centrifuging the fermentation product obtained in step (2), taking the supernatant, and spray drying it; (4) The dried material in step (3) is uniformly mixed with glucose oxidase and phytase to obtain a sheep feed additive.

5. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The concentration of the mixed bacterial solution is 5-15%.

6. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: Before fermentation, the moisture content of the material added to the mixed bacterial liquid needs to be adjusted to 25~45%.

7. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fermentation temperature is 25-40° C., and the fermentation time is 5-8 days.

8. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The centrifugal speed is 3000-5000 rpm, and the centrifugal time is 4-8 min.

9. Use of the sheep feed additive according to claim 1 or 2 in preparing a feed for improving the quality of mutton and the slaughter weight of sheep, characterized in that: The sheep feed additive accounts for 80-300 g / t in the basic feed.

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