An experimental rock directional coring drilling device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses an experimental rock directional coring drilling device and method. The device comprises a drilling frame, a drilling rig rotation system, a lifting system and a rotation directional system fixed in the drilling frame, a servo hydraulic system connected to the lifting system and the rotation directional system through hydraulic pipelines, and a control system electrically connected to the servo hydraulic system and the drilling rig rotation system; the control system is used to control the rotation speed of the drilling rig rotation system, control the lifting speed and lifting amplitude of the lifting system through the servo hydraulic system, and control the rotation angle of the rotation directional system through the servo hydraulic system; the rotating platform of the rotation directional system is used to carry the rock sample to be directionally drilled, and the drilling support platform of the lifting system is used to fix and support the drilling rig rotation system. Automatic drilling of experimental rock directional coring can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas reservoir development, and in particular to an experimental rock directional coring drilling device and method. Background Art

[0002] With the large-scale development of unconventional oil and gas reservoirs such as deep, tight oil and gas, coalbed methane and shale gas, hydraulic fracturing technology has become one of the key engineering technologies for the efficient development of the above oil and gas reservoirs. Due to the complexity of geological conditions, there are more and more application scenarios for complex well types such as horizontal wells, high-angle wells, and side-drilling wells, and the resulting hydraulic fracture initiation and extension mechanism is becoming more and more complex. At the same time, indoor hydraulic fracturing physical simulation experiments have long been the mainstream experimental technology for the study of hydraulic fracture initiation and extension mechanisms because they can directly reveal the fracture initiation and extension morphology. On the other hand, due to the limitation of sample size, there is currently no effective drilling inclined well (directional well) experimental equipment. For indoor fracturing experiments on natural samples, vertical wellbore fracturing is mainly used. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the above problems, the present invention is proposed to provide an experimental rock directional coring drilling device and method that overcomes the above problems or at least partially solves the above problems, and can realize automatic drilling of experimental rock directional coring.

[0004] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an experimental rock directional coring drilling device, comprising:

[0005] A drilling frame, a drilling rig rotation system, a lifting system and a rotation orientation system fixed in the drilling frame, a servo hydraulic system connected to the lifting system and the rotation orientation system through hydraulic pipelines, and a control system electrically connected to the servo hydraulic system and the drilling rig rotation system, respectively;

[0006] The control system is used to control the rotation speed of the drilling rig rotation system, control the lifting speed and lifting amplitude of the lifting system through the servo hydraulic system, and control the rotation angle of the rotation orientation system through the servo hydraulic system;

[0007] The rotating platform of the rotary directional system is used to carry the rock sample to be directionally drilled, and the drilling support platform of the lifting system is used to fixedly support the drilling rig rotating system.

[0008] In some optional embodiments, the rotation orientation system further comprises a tilt transmission cylinder, and the tilt transmission cylinder is connected to the servo hydraulic system via a hydraulic pipeline;

[0009] The servo hydraulic system is provided with an angle controller, which is electrically connected to the control system. The angle controller controls the rotation angle of the rotating platform by controlling the tilt transmission cylinder according to the rotation instruction of the control system.

[0010] In some optional embodiments, the rotational orientation system further comprises a locking mechanism;

[0011] The locking mechanism is electrically connected to the control system, and the locking mechanism locks the tilt transmission cylinder according to a locking instruction of the control system, so that the rotating platform is fixed.

[0012] In some optional embodiments, the drilling rig rotation system includes a rotary motor, a reduction mechanism, a drill rod, and a drilling connector;

[0013] The drilling connector is used to connect the drill bit, the drill rod is fixedly connected to the drilling connector, the speed reduction mechanism is electrically connected to the control system, and the speed reduction mechanism controls the rotation speed of the drill rod and the drilling connector by controlling the rotating motor according to the rotation instruction of the control system.

[0014] In some optional embodiments, the drill rig rotation system further includes a drill bit centralizer and a self-centering connection mechanism;

[0015] The self-centering connection mechanism is arranged between the drilling connector and the drill rod, and is used to make the drilling connector rotate concentrically.

[0016] In some optional embodiments, the drill pipe is hollow, and the drilling support platform of the lifting system is provided with a water injection system for injecting water into the hollow cavity of the drill pipe.

[0017] In some optional embodiments, the drilling frame includes an upper connecting plate, a lower connecting plate and a straightening connecting rod;

[0018] The upper surface of the lower connecting plate is provided with a drain groove.

[0019] In some optional embodiments, the drilling frame includes an upper connecting plate, a lower connecting plate and a straightening connecting rod, and the upper connecting plate is designed with a hollow groove allowing the drilling rig rotation system to pass through.

[0020] In some optional embodiments, the lifting system further comprises a reciprocating transmission cylinder and a reciprocating straightening frame;

[0021] The upright connecting rod of the drilling frame is hollow, the reciprocating transmission cylinder is arranged in the hollow cavity of the upright connecting rod, and the reciprocating transmission cylinder is connected to the servo hydraulic system through a hydraulic pipeline.

[0022] In some optional embodiments, the servo hydraulic system is provided with a lifting controller, and the lifting controller is electrically connected to the control system;

[0023] The lifting controller controls the lifting speed and lifting range of the drilling support platform of the lifting system by controlling the reciprocating transmission cylinder according to the lifting instruction of the control system.

[0024] In some optional embodiments, the rotating platform of the rotational orienting system is provided with a rock sample locking mechanism for locking the rock sample carried by the rotating platform.

[0025] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an experimental rock directional coring drilling method, comprising:

[0026] Fixing the rock sample on the rotating platform of the rotating orientation system of the above device;

[0027] Inputting drilling control instructions into the control system of the device, wherein the drilling control instructions include the rotation speed of the drilling rig rotation system, the lifting speed and lifting amplitude of the lifting system, and the rotation angle of the rotation and orientation system;

[0028] Directional drilling is performed on the rock sample by means of the device.

[0029] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention include at least:

[0030] The experimental rock directional coring drilling device provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes a drilling frame, a drilling rig rotation system, a lifting system, a rotary directional system, a servo hydraulic system and a control system; the control system is used to control the rotation speed of the drilling rig rotary system, the lifting speed and lifting amplitude of the lifting system are controlled by the servo hydraulic system, and the rotation angle of the rotary directional system is controlled by the servo hydraulic system; the servo hydraulic system is used to provide power for the lifting of the lifting system and the rotation of the rotary directional system; the rotary platform of the rotary directional system is used to carry rock samples, and the drilling support platform of the lifting system is used to fix and support the drilling rig rotary system. Through the coordinated control of the control system and the tilted support of the rock sample after the rotation of the rotary directional system, multi-well type directional drilling can be carried out for different types of (natural or artificial) rock samples, with a well inclination range of 0 to 90°, and directional automatic drilling is realized, with high drilling efficiency, simple operation, and saving of labor costs; for subsequent cementing and fracturing operations, the simulation of crack initiation and expansion under different well conditions is realized, and the mechanism of fracturing crack initiation is studied, which provides an experimental sample basis.

[0031] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an experimental rock directional coring drilling device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 The present invention is a flowchart of the experimental rock directional coring drilling method in the second embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough understanding of the present disclosure and to fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0036] It should be understood that the terms described in the present invention are only for describing special embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, for the numerical range in the present invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the scope is also specifically disclosed. Each smaller range between the intermediate value in any stated value or stated range and any other stated value or intermediate value in the described range is also included in the present invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges can be independently included or excluded in the scope.

[0037] Unless otherwise indicated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the invention belongs. Although the present invention describes only preferred methods and materials, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may also be used in the implementation or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference to disclose and describe the methods and / or materials related to the documents. In the event of a conflict with any incorporated document, the content of this specification shall prevail.

[0038] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "include", "including", "have", "contain" and the like are open terms, meaning including but not limited to.

[0039] In order to solve the problem in the prior art that directional drilling of experimental rock samples cannot be achieved, an embodiment of the present invention provides an experimental rock directional coring drilling device and method, which can achieve automatic directional coring of experimental rock.

[0040] Embodiment 1

[0041] Embodiment 1 of the present invention provides an experimental rock directional coring drilling device, the structure of which is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, it includes a drilling frame 1, a drilling rig rotation system 2, a lifting system 3 and a rotation and orientation system 4 fixed in the drilling frame 1, a servo hydraulic system 5 connected to the lifting system 3 and the rotation and orientation system 4 through hydraulic pipelines, and a control system 6 electrically connected to the servo hydraulic system 5 and the drilling rig rotation system 2.

[0042] It can be that the drilling rig rotation system 2, the lifting system 3, and the rotation and orientation system 4 are all fixed in the drilling frame 1 by bolts.

[0043] The servo hydraulic system 5 adopts hydraulic transmission control to provide power for the lifting of the lifting system 3 and the rotation of the rotary orientation system 4 .

[0044] The control system 6 is used to control the rotation speed of the drilling rig rotation system 2 , control the lifting speed and lifting amplitude of the lifting system 3 through the servo hydraulic system 5 , and control the rotation angle of the rotation orientation system 4 through the servo hydraulic system 5 .

[0045] The rotating platform 41 of the rotary directional system 4 is used to carry the rock sample to be directionally drilled, and the drilling support platform 31 of the lifting system 3 is used to fix and support the drilling rig rotary system 2.

[0046] The rock sample size can be cubic rock with a size of 30 mm to 1000 mm.

[0047] The automatic directional drilling device provided in the first embodiment of the present invention includes a drilling frame, a drilling rig rotation system, a lifting system, a rotary directional system, a servo hydraulic system and a control system; the control system is used to control the rotation speed of the drilling rig rotation system, control the lifting speed and lifting amplitude of the lifting system through the servo hydraulic system, and control the rotation angle of the rotary directional system through the servo hydraulic system; the servo hydraulic system is used to provide power for the lifting of the lifting system and the rotation of the rotary directional system; the rotating platform of the rotary directional system is used to carry rock samples, and the drilling support platform of the lifting system is used to fix and support the drilling rig rotation system. The control system is used to adjust the wellbore position, drilling angle, drilling depth and drilling speed of the rock sample directional well. By replacing different drill bits, directional wellbore drilling can be carried out on rock samples of different sizes. Through the coordinated control of the control system and the tilt support of the rock sample after the rotation of the rotary directional system, multi-well directional drilling can be carried out for different types of rock samples (natural or artificial). The well inclination angle ranges from 0 to 90°, and directional automatic drilling is realized, with high drilling efficiency, simple operation, and saving labor costs. It provides an experimental sample basis for subsequent cementing and fracturing operations, realizing the simulation of crack initiation and expansion under different well conditions, and studying the initiation mechanism of fracturing cracks.

[0048] In some embodiments, the drilling frame 1 includes an upper connecting plate 11, a lower connecting plate 12 and a straightening connecting rod 13. The upper connecting plate 11 is designed with a hollow groove 111 allowing the drilling rig rotation system 2 to pass through.

[0049] The straightening connecting rod 13 may be made of wear-resistant metal, and the straightening connecting rod 13 may be a hollow cylindrical tube.

[0050] The upper connecting plate 11 and the lower connecting plate 12 are arranged in parallel, and four straightening connecting rods 13 can be arranged. Each straightening connecting rod 13 can pass through the four corners of the upper and lower connecting plates respectively, and the straightening connecting rod 13 is fixedly connected to the upper connecting plate 11 and the lower connecting plate 12 by bolts.

[0051] The drilling rig rotation system 2 is used for directional drilling of rock samples to be directional drilled. In some embodiments, the drilling rig rotation system 2 includes a rotary motor, a reduction mechanism, a drill rod 21 and a drilling connector ( Figure 1 Only the drill rod 21 is visible).

[0052] The rotary motor and the reduction mechanism may be arranged on the top of the drilling rig rotary system 2 .

[0053] The drilling connector is used to connect the drill bit, the drill rod is fixedly connected to the drilling connector, the speed reduction mechanism is electrically connected to the control system 6, and the speed reduction mechanism controls the rotation speed of the drill rod and the drilling connector by controlling the rotating motor according to the rotation instruction of the control system 6.

[0054] Furthermore, the drilling rig rotation system 2 may also include a drill bit centralizer 22 and a self-centering connection mechanism (not shown in the figure).

[0055] The drill bit centralizer 22 can be a cross bar arranged between two non-adjacent centralizing connecting rods, and a through hole is arranged in the middle of the drill bit centralizer 22 to allow the drill rod 21 of the drilling rig rotation system 2 to pass through. The drill bit centralizer 22 can be arranged 5 to 10 cm away from the top surface of the rock sample, which not only ensures that the drill rod does not deviate laterally, but also does not block the movement of the drilling support platform of the lifting system 3.

[0056] The self-centering connection mechanism is arranged between the drilling connector and the drill rod, and is used to make the drilling connector rotate concentrically.

[0057] The drill bit stabilizer and the self-centering connection mechanism work together to further ensure the concentric rotation of the drill connector. Concentric rotation here means that the center of the drill connector does not shift in the horizontal position during the rotation of the drilling rig rotation system, and the center of the drill bit does not shift in the horizontal position during the rotation process, so that the drilled cross section is circular and the drilled core is cylindrical.

[0058] The drilling specifications are generally: φ31.5mm, the outer diameter of the wellbore processing size is 1 to 3 inches; the drilling length is ≥900mm. The material of the above drill bits is generally harder diamond.

[0059] In some embodiments, the lifting system 3 further includes a reciprocating transmission cylinder (not shown in the figure) and a reciprocating straightening frame 32 .

[0060] The arrangement of the reciprocating uprighting frame 32 prevents the drilling support platform 31 from being deflected in the horizontal direction during the lifting process.

[0061] The centering connecting rod 13 of the drilling frame 1 is hollow, and the reciprocating transmission cylinder can be arranged in the hollow cavity of the centering connecting rod 13, and the reciprocating transmission cylinder is connected to the servo hydraulic system 6 through a hydraulic pipeline.

[0062] Furthermore, the servo hydraulic system 5 is provided with a lifting controller, which is electrically connected to the control system 6; the lifting controller controls the lifting speed and lifting amplitude of the drilling support platform 31 of the lifting system 3 by controlling the reciprocating transmission cylinder according to the lifting instructions of the control system 6.

[0063] The maximum working pressure of the servo hydraulic system 5 can be 25 MPa, and an automatic reversing valve is provided to realize the lifting and lowering control of the drilling support platform 31 of the lifting system 3.

[0064] The up and down reciprocating stroke of the drilling support platform 31 is generally 0 to 900 mm.

[0065] Furthermore, the drilling support platform 31 of the lifting system 3 is provided with a water injection system for injecting water into the hollow cavity of the drill rod 21. This realizes cooling of the drill rod, the drilling connector and the drill bit, and prolongs their service life.

[0066] Furthermore, a drainage trough 14 is provided on the upper surface of the lower connecting plate 12 of the drilling frame 1 .

[0067] In some embodiments, the rotation orientation system 4 further includes a tilt transmission cylinder (not shown in the figure), and the tilt transmission cylinder is connected to the servo hydraulic system 6 through a hydraulic pipeline.

[0068] The servo hydraulic system 6 is provided with an angle controller, which is electrically connected to the control system. The angle controller controls the rotation angle of the rotating platform 41 by controlling the tilt transmission cylinder according to the rotation instruction of the control system 6 .

[0069] The tilt transmission cylinder can be a double-row heavy-load locking transmission cylinder to achieve double-row linkage.

[0070] The tilt angle of the rotating platform 41 may range from 0° to 45°.

[0071] Furthermore, the rotational orientation system also includes a locking mechanism 42 .

[0072] The locking mechanism 42 is electrically connected to the control system 6 , and the locking mechanism 42 locks the tilting transmission cylinder according to the locking instruction of the control system 6 , so that the rotating platform 41 is fixed.

[0073] Furthermore, the rotating platform 41 of the rotating directional system 4 is provided with a rock sample locking mechanism for locking the rock sample carried by the rotating platform, so as to facilitate the directional automatic drilling device to perform directional drilling on the rock sample.

[0074] Embodiment 2

[0075] Embodiment 2 of the present invention provides a method for experimental rock directional coring drilling, the process of which is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0076] Step S21: Fix the rock sample on the rotating platform of the rotating directional system of the experimental rock directional coring drilling device.

[0077] The rock sample can be a cubic rock with a size of 30 mm to 1000 mm, and can be a natural rock sample or an artificial rock sample; the experimental rock directional coring drilling device is the device in the above-mentioned embodiment 1.

[0078] Step S22: Input drilling control instructions to the control system of the device.

[0079] Specifically, the drilling control instructions include the rotation speed of the drilling rig's rotation system, the lifting speed and lifting amplitude of the lifting system, and the rotation angle of the rotation and orientation system.

[0080] Step S23: Directional drilling is performed on the rock sample by using the device.

[0081] The control system first controls the rotation angle of the rotating platform of the rotating directional control system by controlling the servo hydraulic system according to the rotation angle of the rotating directional control system in the drilling control command; after the rotation angle of the rotating platform reaches the requirement and is fixed, the control system controls the lifting and lowering of the drilling support platform of the lifting system according to the lifting speed and lifting amplitude of the lifting system in the drilling control command, and the drilling rig rotating system fixed to the drilling support platform is lifted and lowered together; at the same time, the control system controls the rotation of the drilling rig rotating system according to the rotation speed of the drilling rig rotating system in the drilling control command, thereby realizing the coordinated control of the lifting and rotating of the drilling rig rotating system, and finally realizing the directional automatic drilling of the rock sample by the drill bit connected to the drill rod of the drilling rig rotating system.

[0082] It should be understood that the specific order or hierarchy of steps in the disclosed process is an example of an exemplary method. Based on design preferences, it should be understood that the specific order or hierarchy of steps in the process can be rearranged without departing from the scope of protection of the present disclosure. The attached method claims present the elements of the various steps in an exemplary order and are not intended to be limited to a specific order or hierarchy.

[0083] In the above detailed description, various features are grouped together in a single embodiment to simplify the disclosure. This method of disclosure should not be interpreted as reflecting an intention that the embodiments of the claimed subject matter require more features than are clearly stated in each claim. On the contrary, as reflected in the appended claims, the invention is in a state of having less than all the features of the disclosed individual embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are hereby expressly incorporated into the detailed description, with each claim standing on its own as a separate preferred embodiment of the invention.

[0084] The above description includes examples of one or more embodiments. Of course, it is impossible to describe all possible combinations of components or methods for the purpose of describing the above embodiments, but it should be recognized by those skilled in the art that the various embodiments may be further combined and arranged. Therefore, the embodiments described herein are intended to cover all such changes, modifications and variations that fall within the scope of protection of the appended claims. In addition, with respect to the term "comprising" used in the specification or claims, the word is covered in a manner similar to the term "including", just as "including," is explained as a transitional word in the claims. In addition, any term "or" used in the specification of the claims is intended to mean "non-exclusive or".

Claims

1. An experimental rock directional coring drilling device, characterized in that: It includes a drilling frame, a drilling rig rotation system, a lifting system and a rotation orientation system fixed in the drilling frame, a servo hydraulic system connected to the lifting system and the rotation orientation system through hydraulic pipelines, and a control system electrically connected to the servo hydraulic system and the drilling rig rotation system respectively; The control system is used to control the rotation speed of the drilling rig rotation system, control the lifting speed and lifting amplitude of the lifting system through the servo hydraulic system, and control the rotation angle of the rotation orientation system through the servo hydraulic system; The rotating platform of the rotary directional system is used to carry the rock sample to be directionally drilled, and the drilling support platform of the lifting system is used to fixedly support the rotary system of the drilling rig; The drilling rig rotation system includes a rotary motor, a speed reduction mechanism, a drill rod and a drilling connector, wherein the drilling connector is used to connect a drill bit; The drill pipe is hollow, and the drilling support platform of the lifting system is provided with a water injection system for injecting water into the hollow cavity of the drill pipe; the drilling frame comprises an upper connecting plate, a lower connecting plate and a straightening connecting rod, and a water drain groove is provided on the upper surface of the lower connecting plate; The drilling rig rotation system also includes a drill bit centralizer, which is a cross bar arranged between two non-adjacent centralizing connecting rods. A through hole is arranged in the middle of the drill bit centralizer to allow the drill rod of the drilling rig rotation system to pass through. The drill bit centralizer is arranged 5 to 10 centimeters away from the top surface of the rock sample.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The rotation orientation system further comprises a tilt transmission cylinder, wherein the tilt transmission cylinder is connected to the servo hydraulic system via a hydraulic pipeline; The servo hydraulic system is provided with an angle controller, which is electrically connected to the control system. The angle controller controls the rotation angle of the rotating platform by controlling the tilt transmission cylinder according to the rotation instruction of the control system.

3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that The rotational orientation system also includes a locking mechanism; The locking mechanism is electrically connected to the control system, and the locking mechanism locks the tilt transmission cylinder according to a locking instruction of the control system, so that the rotating platform is fixed.

4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The drill rod is fixedly connected to the drilling connector, the speed reduction mechanism is electrically connected to the control system, and the speed reduction mechanism controls the rotation speed of the drill rod and the drilling connector by controlling the rotating motor according to the rotation instruction of the control system.

5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that The drilling rig rotation system also includes a self-centering connection mechanism; The self-centering connection mechanism is arranged between the drilling connector and the drill rod, and is used to make the drilling connector rotate concentrically.

6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The upper connecting plate is designed with a hollow groove allowing the drilling rig rotation system to pass through.

7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that The lifting system also includes a reciprocating transmission cylinder and a reciprocating straightening frame; The uprighting connecting rod of the drilling frame is hollow, the reciprocating transmission cylinder is arranged in the hollow cavity of the uprighting connecting rod, and the reciprocating transmission cylinder is connected to the servo hydraulic system through a hydraulic pipeline.

8. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that The servo hydraulic system is provided with a lifting controller, and the lifting controller is electrically connected to the control system; The lifting controller controls the lifting speed and lifting range of the drilling support platform of the lifting system by controlling the reciprocating transmission cylinder according to the lifting instruction of the control system.

9. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The rotating platform of the rotating orienting system is provided with a rock sample locking mechanism for locking the rock sample carried by the rotating platform.

10. An experimental rock directional coring drilling method, characterized in that: include: Fixing the rock sample on the rotating platform of the rotating directional system of the experimental rock directional coring drilling device according to any one of claims 1 to 9; Inputting drilling control instructions into the control system of the device, wherein the drilling control instructions include the rotation speed of the drilling rig rotation system, the lifting speed and lifting amplitude of the lifting system, and the rotation angle of the rotation and orientation system; Directional drilling is performed on the rock sample by means of the device.

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