A broadband ridge waveguide power divider, antenna array system, communication room subsystem and radar system

Abstract

The broadband ridge waveguide power divider of the present invention includes a chamber placed in a metal shell and a large metal cylinder for power distribution arranged in the chamber, the input port is located directly above the large metal cylinder, the two are connected by a first transition structure, a plurality of ridge waveguides are arranged on the side of the large metal cylinder, and the output port and the corresponding ridge waveguide are connected by a second transition structure. The present invention uses ridge waveguides to design a low-loss broadband power divider. The present invention utilizes the low-loss and high-power capacity characteristics of ridge waveguides to effectively solve the high-loss problem existing in the design of microstrip power dividers, and can meet the engineering applications of high-power capacity. In addition, compared with waveguides with the same low loss and high power capacity, the unique structure of the ridge waveguide is easier to achieve various modeling requirements and is easy to manufacture, which makes up for the defects of the large size and bulky structure of the waveguide power divider.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of wireless communications, and in particular to a broadband ridge waveguide power divider. Background Art

[0002] The full name of the power divider is power distributor, which can divide a microwave signal into multiple microwave signals with equal or unequal power. Based on the function of power distribution, power dividers are widely used in wireless communication, radar, environmental remote sensing and microwave measurement. Today's microwave wireless communication systems have a development trend of high speed and high capacity. Under this trend, the working bandwidth of microwave wireless communication systems is getting wider and wider. As a basic device for wireless communication, the power divider should also meet the requirements of wide bandwidth. At present, most broadband power dividers are composed of multi-level microstrip lines and strip lines. Due to the low power capacity and high loss of microstrip lines and strip lines, this type of power divider is not suitable for high-power and low-loss application scenarios. Metal waveguides have obvious advantages over microstrip lines and strip lines in these two aspects, but their three-dimensional structures are difficult to bend and twist during design and assembly. Compared with metal waveguides, ridge waveguides have smaller sizes due to the longer cutoff wavelength of the main mode, and also have broadband characteristics due to the wider range between the cutoff wavelengths of the main mode and the higher-order mode.

[0003] In some past works, many different types of power dividers have been reported. Microstrip power dividers (such as those described in YS Liu, and JS Row, “Back-to-back microstrip antenna fed with tunable power divider,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 63, no. 5, pp. 2348–2353, May 2015.) are highly integrated and easy to manufacture, but they have large transmission losses. In YS Liu, and J. S. Row, “Back-to-back microstrip antenna fed with tunable power divider,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 63, no. 5, pp. 2348–2353, May 2015., the signal propagates in a substrate integrated waveguide structure instead of in a microstrip, which will reduce dielectric loss. However, the substrate integrated waveguide structure still has non-negligible dielectric loss and is not suitable for engineering applications. The power divider using waveguide structure can make up for its shortcomings, but its structure is too bulky and cannot be widely used. Relatively speaking, the ridge waveguide structure has lower loss and smaller volume, and the power divider designed with ridge waveguide has strong applicability. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects of the above-mentioned prior art and propose a broadband ridge waveguide power divider, which has a larger bandwidth and smaller loss than the existing power divider, and effectively solves the high loss problem existing in the design of microstrip power divider. At the same time, due to the advantage of high power capacity of ridge waveguide, it can meet the engineering application of high power capacity.

[0005] To achieve the purpose of the present invention, the broadband ridge waveguide power divider proposed in the present invention includes one input port and multiple output ports, and is characterized in that it also includes a chamber placed in a metal shell and a large metal cylinder for power distribution arranged in the chamber, the input port is located directly above the large metal cylinder, and the two are connected by a first transition structure, multiple ridge waveguides are arranged on the side of the large metal cylinder, and the output port is connected to the corresponding ridge waveguide through a second transition structure.

[0006] The present invention adopts ridge waveguide to design a low-loss broadband power divider. The present invention utilizes the low-loss and high-power capacity characteristics of ridge waveguide to effectively solve the high-loss problem existing in the design of microstrip power divider, and can meet the engineering applications of high-power capacity. In addition, compared with waveguides with the same low loss and high power capacity, the unique structure of ridge waveguide is easier to achieve various modeling requirements and is easy to manufacture, which makes up for the defects of large size and bulky structure of waveguide power dividers. In terms of implementation effect, the broadband ridge waveguide power divider described in the present invention has an insertion loss of less than 0.2dB in the working frequency band and a bandwidth of up to 103.0%. Compared with the existing power divider design, the present invention shows great advantages. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0007] Figure 1 It is a top view of the broadband ridge waveguide power divider of the present invention.

[0008] Figure 2 It is a side view of the broadband ridge waveguide power divider of the present invention.

[0009] Figure 3 It is a stereoscopic diagram of the broadband ridge waveguide power divider of the present invention.

[0010] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the working mechanism of the broadband ridge waveguide power divider of the present invention.

[0011] Figure 5 This is a simulation amplitude diagram of the broadband ridge waveguide power divider of the present invention.

[0012] Figure 6 This is a simulated phase diagram of the broadband ridge waveguide power divider of the present invention.

[0013] The numbers in the figure are as follows:

[0014] 1-first transition structure; 2-large metal cylinder; 3-ridge waveguide; 4-second transition structure; 5-chamber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The present invention is further explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can more deeply understand the present invention and implement it. However, the following reference examples are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0016] Figure 1 and Figure 2 The top view and side view of the broadband ridge waveguide power divider of the present invention are respectively shown. Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention is shown.

[0017] The broadband ridge waveguide power divider of the embodiment of the present invention includes one input port and four output ports, wherein the input port is arranged vertically (along the y direction) and the output port is arranged horizontally (in the xy plane).

[0018] The power divider comprises a chamber 5 placed in a metal shell, a first transition structure 1, a large metal cylinder 2, four ridge waveguides 3 and four second transition structures 4 arranged in the chamber 5.

[0019] The chamber 5 has a cylindrical cavity located in the center and four outer cavities extending outward from the cylindrical cavity and having a rectangular cross section.

[0020] The metal large cylinder 2 is located in the center of the cylindrical cavity, and the two form a coaxial structure (hereinafter referred to as large coaxial). The radius of the metal large cylinder 2 is r 1. The radius of the cylindrical cavity is r 3. The metal cylinder 2 is used for power distribution and transmission of the four ridge waveguides. The input port is located directly above the metal cylinder 2, and the two are connected by the first transition structure 1. In this embodiment, the first transition structure 1 is a section of metal cylinder (radius r 2), and at the same time, the transition structure from the SMA head to the large metal cylinder 2 and the impedance matching are realized. The top surface of the first transition structure 1 is connected to the input port. Figure 2 As shown, the SMA probe insertion depth of the input port is g 1.

[0021] Four ridge waveguides 3 are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction on the side of the metal large cylinder 2, and the output port is connected to the corresponding ridge waveguide 3 through a second transition structure 4. The second transition structure 4 is an offset stripline and is placed in the outer cavity. The second transition structure is connected to the output port, such as Figure 1 As shown, the SMA head probe insertion depth of the output port is l3. It can be seen that at the four equivalent output ends, the offset stripline is used to simultaneously realize the transition structure from the SMA head to the ridge waveguide and the impedance matching.

[0022] In this embodiment, the cross section of the ridge waveguide 3 is rectangular, and a gap is formed between the two side surfaces and the top surface of the ridge waveguide 3 and the inner wall of the outer cavity. The second transition structure 4 is a rectangular parallelepiped, the top surface of the second transition structure is flush with the top surface of the ridge waveguide 3, the width of the second transition structure is smaller than the width of the ridge waveguide 3, and the height of the second transition structure is smaller than the height of the ridge waveguide 3.

[0023] like Figure 4 The working mechanism diagram of the present invention is shown as follows. The signal is input from the input port ( Figure 3 port 1) and then output from the four output ports ( Figure 3 In order to design the output ridge waveguide transmission line as compactly as possible while providing enough circumference to avoid the influence of high-order modes, the r 1 and r 3 is the inner radius and outer radius of the central large coaxial line. In addition, the electric field around the central large coaxial line is evenly distributed, ensuring equal amplitude and in-phase output of power distribution within a broadband range.

[0024] The parameters of the broadband ridge waveguide power divider according to the embodiment of the present invention are shown in the following table:

[0025]

[0026] The meanings of the symbols in the table above are as follows:

[0027] r 1: Radius of large metal cylinder 2, r 2: Radius of the metal cylinder of the first transition structure 1, r 3: radius of cylindrical cavity, g 1: The SMA probe insertion depth of the input port, g 2: The gap between the top surface of the ridge waveguide 3 and the inner wall of the outer cavity, w 1: Ridge waveguide 3 width, w 2: Width of the second transition structure 4, w 3: Width of the rectangular outer cavity, d 1: Ridge waveguide 3 height, d 2: Height of the second transition structure 4, l 1: Ridge waveguide 3 length, l 2: Length of the second transition structure 4, l 3: The insertion depth of the SMA probe of the output port, h 1: Height of large metal cylinder 2, h 2: Height of the metal cylinder of the first transition structure 1.

[0028] In order to verify the effectiveness of the present invention, the parameters of the design example are shown in the table above. r 1 and r 3 are 34mm and 40mm respectively, corresponding to a characteristic impedance of about 9.2 ohms. According to the impedance parallel principle, the characteristic impedance of the four output ridge waveguides is 4×9.2=32.8 ohms. At the input end, a metal cylinder (radius r 2) The transition from SMA head to large coaxial line and impedance matching are realized at the same time. At the four output ends, the transition structure from SMA head to ridge waveguide and impedance matching are realized by using offset stripline. The simulation results are shown in Figure 2. Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown in Figure 1, the operating frequency range of the ridge waveguide power divider is 1.78-5.56 GHz, the relative bandwidth is 103.0%, and the insertion loss is less than 0.2 dB. Figure 5 and Figure 6 Knowable S 21 , S 31 , S 41 and S 51 The amplitude and phase curves are highly overlapped, showing the good amplitude and phase balance of the ridge waveguide power divider of the present invention, and having excellent equal amplitude and same phase performance.

[0029] As a microwave component, power divider is widely used in the field of microwave technology. Common applications include:

[0030] 1. Antenna array system: The power divider is used in the antenna array system to distribute an input signal to multiple transmitting antennas to achieve highly directional radiation.

[0031] 2. Indoor communication system: The power divider can be used to distribute the total transmitting source power to the sub-transmitting sources to ensure uniform signal coverage indoors.

[0032] The specific implementation scheme described above further describes in detail the purpose, technical scheme and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above is only a specific implementation scheme of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes and modifications made by any technician in the field without departing from the concept and principle of the present invention should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A broadband ridge waveguide power divider, comprising one input port and a plurality of output ports, characterized in that: It also comprises a chamber (5) disposed in a metal shell and a large metal cylinder (2) for power distribution disposed in the chamber (5), the input port being located directly above the large metal cylinder (2), the two being connected via a first transition structure (1), a plurality of ridge waveguides (3) being disposed on the side of the large metal cylinder (2), the output port being connected to the corresponding ridge waveguide (3) via a second transition structure (4); the second transition structure (4) being an offset stripline, the second transition structure being connected to the coaxial output port; the chamber (5) also comprising a plurality of outer cavities extending outward from the cylindrical cavity and having a rectangular cross section, the second transition structure (4) being disposed in the outer cavity; the cross section of the ridge waveguide (3) being rectangular, a gap being formed between the two side surfaces and the top surface of the ridge waveguide (3) and the inner wall of the outer cavity; the second transition structure (4) being a rectangular parallelepiped, the top surface of the second transition structure being flush with the top surface of the ridge waveguide (3), the width of the second transition structure being smaller than the width of the ridge waveguide (3), and the height of the second transition structure being smaller than the height of the ridge waveguide (3); The first transition structure (1) is a metal cylinder, the bottom surface of which is fixed to the large metal cylinder (2), and the top surface of which is connected to the coaxial input port; The chamber (5) has a cylindrical cavity located at the center, and the cylindrical cavity forms a coaxial structure with the large metal cylinder (2). The radius of the large metal cylinder (2) is r 1 = 34 mm, the radius of the metal cylinder of the first transition structure (1) r 2 = 6.17 mm, the radius of the cylindrical cavity r 3 = 40 mm, the gap between the top surface of the ridge waveguide (3) and the inner wall of the outer cavity g 2 = 3.22 mm, width of the ridge waveguide (3) w 1 = 27 mm, width of the second transition structure (4) w 2 = 16.86 mm, width of rectangular outer cavity w 3 = 39.93 mm, height of ridge waveguide (3) d 1 = 16.78 mm, height of the second transition structure (4) d 2=3.71, the length of the ridge waveguide (3) l 1 = 13.17, the length of the second transition structure (4) l 2 = 13.62 mm, the height of the large metal cylinder (2) h 1 = 25.38 mm, the height of the metal cylinder in the first transition structure (1) h 2=6.32mm.

2. The broadband ridge waveguide power divider according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ridge waveguide (3) is directly fixed to the side surface of the large metal cylinder (2).

3. The broadband ridge waveguide power divider according to claim 1, characterized in that: The input port is arranged vertically, and the output port is arranged horizontally.

4. The broadband ridge waveguide power divider according to claim 3, characterized in that: Has one input port and four output ports.

5. An antenna array system, characterized in that: It comprises the broadband ridge waveguide power divider as described in any one of claims 1-4.

6. A communication room subsystem, characterized in that: It comprises the broadband ridge waveguide power divider as described in any one of claims 1-4.

7. A radar system, characterized in that: It comprises the broadband ridge waveguide power divider as described in any one of claims 1-4.

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