Double-layer grinding wheel and immersion grinder

Abstract

The present invention discloses a double-layer grinding wheel and an immersion grinder, which belong to the technical field of industrial mother machine equipment, wherein the double-layer grinding wheel uses a coarse grinding wheel and a fine grinding wheel to perform rough processing and fine processing on a workpiece respectively, and the structure of the immersion grinder includes a power device, an immersion tank, a reduction winch and an elevator, wherein a clamping claw is installed at the bottom of the power device, and the clamping claw is used to clamp the double-layer grinding wheel and drive the double-layer grinding wheel to rotate to grind the workpiece, and the power device moves up and down along the axis direction of the reduction winch under the drive of the elevator, and a noose is wound around the outer side of the reduction winch, and the noose is connected to the processing platform to drive the processing platform to move back and forth. The clamping claw drives the double-layer grinding wheel into the immersion tank to process the workpiece, and the immersion tank is built-in with coolant, and a mechanical arm is arranged on the side to replace and flip the double-layer grinding wheel, and the power device passes through the reduction winch to grind the workpiece on the processing platform and drives the processing platform to move.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of industrial mother machine equipment, in particular to a double-layer grinding wheel and an immersion grinder. Background Art

[0002] A grinder is a machine tool that mainly uses a high-speed rotating grinding wheel to grind materials. For workpieces with high hardness and high requirements for surface roughness, using a grinder for processing is the best choice.

[0003] However, during grinding with a grinding wheel, thermal effects dominate. The hardness, plasticity, and thermal conductivity of the workpiece material have a significant effect on the surface roughness. For example, heat-resistant alloys with poor thermal conductivity are prone to early collapse of sand particles, leading to clogging of the grinding wheel, which not only increases the surface roughness value, but also easily produces ripples and causes burns.

[0004] In addition, the grinder will also generate vibration during the grinding process, causing periodic changes in the relative position between the grinding wheel and the workpiece, resulting in vibration marks on the workpiece surface, which seriously affects the processing quality and workpiece accuracy. Summary of the invention

[0005] To this end, the present invention provides a double-layer grinding wheel and an immersion grinder, which solve the problem of workpiece burns or chatter marks caused by grinding wheel grinding in the prior art by performing processing below the liquid surface of the coolant.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] According to the first aspect of the present invention.

[0008] The invention discloses a double-layer grinding wheel, comprising a coarse grinding wheel and a fine grinding wheel. The coarse grinding wheel and the fine grinding wheel are arranged along an axis and are integrally formed through high-temperature calcination. A partition groove is arranged at the connection between the coarse grinding wheel and the fine grinding wheel.

[0009] According to the second aspect of the present invention.

[0010] The present invention also discloses an immersion grinder, which uses the double-layer grinding wheel mentioned above, and comprises:

[0011] A power device, with a clamping jaw installed at the bottom, suitable for driving the clamping jaw to rotate, and the clamping jaw is suitable for clamping a double-layer grinding wheel;

[0012] Immersion tank with built-in coolant, housing on top and a mechanical arm on the side for changing double-layer grinding wheels;

[0013] A reduction winch, which is coaxially connected to the power device and is suitable for driving the processing platform to move back and forth;

[0014] An elevator, arranged at the upper end of the casing, for driving the power device to move up and down;

[0015] The deceleration winch is rotatably arranged in the casing, the power device passes through the deceleration winch to grind the workpiece on the processing platform, and the deceleration winch is connected to the processing platform end to end through a noose to drive the processing platform to move.

[0016] Furthermore, the reduction winch comprises:

[0017] The reel has an inner gear ring coaxially fixedly arranged on its inner wall;

[0018] A transmission gear column is located inside the reel, and the outer side of the transmission column is meshed and connected with the inner gear ring;

[0019] An end cover, on the inner side of which a plurality of transmission gear columns are rotatably arranged, and on the outer side of which a shaft hole is arranged;

[0020] Wherein, a power device is inserted into the shaft hole, and the power device indirectly drives the inner gear ring to rotate by driving the transmission gear column to rotate.

[0021] Furthermore, the power device comprises:

[0022] The motor has a hollow main shaft installed inside, and the hollow main shaft is connected to the air pump through a rotary joint so that the hollow main shaft generates negative pressure;

[0023] An outer gear ring is coaxially sleeved on the outer wall of the hollow main shaft and meshes with the transmission gear column for transmission connection;

[0024] The cylinder is arranged at the end of the hollow main shaft and is communicated with the hollow main shaft.

[0025] Furthermore, the clamping jaw comprises:

[0026] The tire is shrunk and expanded, and a slit is provided on the outside;

[0027] A pull rod, one end of which is connected to the shrinking and expanding tire, and the other end of which is equipped with a piston;

[0028] The piston is located in the cylinder. When the hollow spindle generates negative pressure, the pressure in the cylinder decreases, causing the piston to move. The piston drives the shrinking tire to move into the cylinder through the pull rod, and the slit is narrowed at the same time to clamp the double-layer grinding wheel by shrinking the tire.

[0029] Furthermore, the immersion tank comprises:

[0030] The tank body is filled with coolant, and a pair of guide grooves are symmetrically arranged at the front and rear sides, and a processing platform is slidably arranged on the guide grooves;

[0031] A pair of pulley frames are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the trough body, and a fixed pulley for winding a noose is arranged on any one of the pulley frames.

[0032] Furthermore, the processing platform includes:

[0033] The movable slide rails are arranged in pairs and connected to the two ends of the noose, and the directions of the movable slide rails and the noose are perpendicular to each other;

[0034] The storage table is slidably arranged between a pair of movable slide rails, a slide groove is arranged at the bottom, and a slider is arranged in the slide groove;

[0035] The feeding mechanism is inserted in the sliding block, and the sliding block is threadedly connected to the feeding mechanism.

[0036] Furthermore, the feeding mechanism includes:

[0037] A lead screw, with a large gear at the end and a tail end inserted into the slider;

[0038] The small gear has a crank at the center, and the small gear is meshed with the gear teeth of the large gear. When the large gear is rotated, the lead screw is driven to rotate.

[0039] Furthermore, the mechanical arm comprises:

[0040] A U-shaped claw, the middle portion of which is integrally formed with one end of a prism, and the other end of the prism is coaxially provided with a screw;

[0041] A primary motor, the end of which is connected in series with a secondary motor, wherein the primary motor main shaft is provided with an angular hole matched with the prism, and the secondary motor main shaft is provided with an internal threaded hole matched with the screw;

[0042] The main shaft of the three-stage motor is transmission-connected with the two-stage motor, and the main shaft of the three-stage motor and the two-stage motor are perpendicular to each other.

[0043] Furthermore, the crank is replaced with a servo motor.

[0044] The present invention has the following advantages:

[0045] 1. The double-layer grinding wheel uses a coarse grinding wheel and a fine grinding wheel to perform rough machining and fine machining on the workpiece respectively, and finally removes the machining allowance of the workpiece through fine machining. While ensuring efficiency, the surface roughness and dimensional accuracy of the workpiece can also meet the requirements.

[0046] 2. The technical solution disclosed in the present invention drives the clamp to rotate through a power device, and at the same time drives the reduction winch to use the rope to drag the processing platform to move back and forth, so that the clamp clamps the double-layer grinding wheel to grind the workpiece under the surface of the cooling liquid, avoiding the coolant from entering the motor. In addition, placing the workpiece under the coolant for processing can quickly absorb the heat between the grinding wheel and the workpiece by the coolant, thereby effectively avoiding the problem of deformation or burns of the workpiece due to heat concentration. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] In order to more clearly illustrate the implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for the implementation methods or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only exemplary, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other implementation drawings can be derived from the provided drawings without creative work.

[0048] The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in this specification are only used to match the contents disclosed in the specification so as to facilitate understanding and reading by persons familiar with the technology. They are not used to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented, and therefore have no substantial technical significance. Any structural modification, change in proportion or adjustment of size shall still fall within the scope of the technical contents disclosed in the present invention without affecting the effects and purposes that can be achieved by the present invention.

[0049] Figure 1 A front view of a double-layer grinding wheel provided by the present invention;

[0050] Figure 2 A three-dimensional diagram of the immersion grinder provided by the present invention;

[0051] Figure 3 A three-dimensional diagram of the processing platform provided by the present invention;

[0052] Figure 4 A three-dimensional diagram of the mechanical arm provided by the present invention;

[0053] Figure 5 A three-dimensional diagram of the immersion tank provided by the present invention;

[0054] Figure 6 A three-dimensional diagram of the clamp provided by the present invention;

[0055] Figure 7 A three-dimensional diagram of the power device provided by the present invention;

[0056] Figure 8 A three-dimensional diagram of the reduction winch provided by the present invention;

[0057] In the figure: 01 coarse grinding wheel; 02 fine grinding wheel; 03 partition groove; 1 power device; 11 motor; 12 hollow main shaft; 13 outer gear ring; 14 cylinder; 2 casing; 3 immersion tank; 31 tank body; 32 fixed pulley; 33 pulley frame; 34 guide groove; 4 clamping claw; 41 shrinking and expanding tire; 42 pull rod; 43 piston; 44 slit; 5 reduction capstan; 51 reel; 52 inner gear ring; 53 transmission gear column; 54 shaft hole; 55 end cover; 6 processing platform; 61 moving slide rail; 62 storage table; 63 slider; 64 feeding mechanism; 641 lead screw; 642 small gear; 643 large gear; 644 crank; 7 lift; 8 mechanical arm; 81 U-shaped claw; 82 prism; 83 screw; 84 primary motor; 85 secondary motor; 86 tertiary motor; 9 noose. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] The following is a description of the implementation of the present invention by specific embodiments. People familiar with the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0059] Please refer to Figure 1 The technical solution of the present invention discloses a double-layer grinding wheel, including a coarse grinding wheel 01 and a fine grinding wheel 02. The coarse grinding wheel 01 and the fine grinding wheel 02 are arranged along an axis and are integrally formed by high-temperature calcination. A partition groove 03 is provided at the connection between the coarse grinding wheel 01 and the fine grinding wheel 02. The coarse grinding wheel 01 has a smaller particle size than the fine grinding wheel 02, but its hardness exceeds that of the fine grinding wheel 02. The coarse grinding wheel 01 can be used to quickly perform rough machining on the workpiece to reduce the machining allowance, while the remaining machining allowance is ground by the fine grinding wheel 02 to ensure the machining accuracy and surface roughness of the workpiece.

[0060] Based on the same invention concept, please refer to Figure 1-Figure 8 The present invention also discloses an immersion grinder, which is equipped with a double-layer grinding wheel and performs processing below the liquid level of a coolant (also called a cutting fluid). During the process of grinding a workpiece, the double-layer grinding wheel can be turned over. This scheme is now specifically described.

[0061] The structure of the immersion grinder includes a power device 1, an immersion tank 3, a reduction winch 5 and an elevator 7, wherein a clamp 4 is installed at the bottom of the power device 1, and the clamp 4 is used to clamp the double-layer grinding wheel and drive the double-layer grinding wheel to rotate to grind the workpiece. The power device 1 is installed at the upper end of the casing 2, and moves up and down along the axis of the reduction winch 5 driven by the elevator 7. In this embodiment, the power device 1 passes directly along the axis of the reduction winch 5, and when the power device 1 rotates, it also drives the reduction winch 5 to rotate. The outer side of the reduction winch 5 is wrapped with a rope 9, and the two ends of the rope 9 are connected to the processing platform 6. At the same time, the reduction winch 5 is coaxially connected to the power device 1 and is suitable for driving the processing platform 6 to move back and forth. On the other hand, the clamp 4 drives the double-layer grinding wheel into the immersion tank 3 and processes the workpiece under the liquid level of the coolant. The immersion tank 3 has built-in coolant, and is provided with a housing 2 on the top, and a mechanical arm 8 for replacing the double-layer grinding wheel is provided on the side. The mechanical arm 8 is used to replace and flip the double-layer grinding wheel. Among them, the reduction winch 5 is rotatably set in the housing 2, and the power device 1 passes through the reduction winch 5 to grind the workpiece on the processing platform 6, and the reduction winch 5 is connected to the processing platform 6 by the rope 9 to drive the processing platform 6 to move.

[0062] Further explanation, in this embodiment, if Figure 6 The power device 1 includes a power machine 11, an outer gear ring 13 and a cylinder 14. The power machine 11 can be an electric motor or an internal combustion engine. A hollow main shaft 12 is installed inside the power machine 11. The outer gear ring 13 is coaxially sleeved on the outer wall of the hollow main shaft 12, and the end is externally connected to an air pump. The outer gear ring 13 is meshed and connected with a transmission gear column 53. The outer gear ring 13 is driven to rotate by the power machine 11, thereby indirectly driving the reel 51 to rotate, and through the planetary gear mechanism, a deceleration effect is achieved, thereby improving the output power of the deceleration winch 5.

[0063] In some embodiments, Figure 7 , a clamping jaw 4 is installed in the cylinder 14, wherein the clamping jaw 4 includes a shrinking tire 41 and a pull rod 42. In this embodiment, the clamping jaw 4 is made of elastic metal material, and a slit 44 is provided on the outer side of the shrinking tire 41. When the shrinking tire 41 abuts against the cylinder 14, the width of the slit 44 is narrowed to clamp the double-layer grinding wheel. In addition, the shrinking tire 41 is connected to one end of the pull rod 42, and a piston 43 is installed at the other end of the pull rod 42. The piston 43 is located in the cylinder 14. When the pressure in the cylinder 14 decreases, the piston 43 drives the shrinking tire 41 to move into the cylinder 14 through the pull rod 42, and at the same time, the slit 44 is narrowed to clamp the double-layer grinding wheel through the shrinking tire 41.

[0064] In a specific embodiment, Figure 8The reduction winch 5 includes a drum 51 and an end cover 55. An inner gear ring 52 is coaxially fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the drum 51. The inner gear ring 52 rotates with the drum 51, and a transmission gear column 53 is located inside the drum 51. The outer side of the transmission gear column 53 meshes with the inner gear ring 52 to achieve a transmission connection, thereby driving the inner gear ring 52 to rotate through the transmission gear column 53. On this basis, a number of transmission gear columns 53 are evenly installed on the inner side of the end cover 55, and the transmission gear columns 53 can rotate freely, and an axis hole 54 is arranged on the outer side of the end cover 55, wherein the power device 1 is inserted into the axis hole 54, and the power device 1 drives the inner gear ring 52 to rotate indirectly by driving the transmission gear column 53 to rotate.

[0065] In some embodiments, Figure 5 The immersion tank 3 includes a tank body 31 and a pulley frame 33. In this embodiment, first, a coolant is installed inside the tank body 31. When processing the workpiece, the workpiece will always be below the coolant level, so that the coolant can be used to quickly cool the workpiece surface to prevent heat accumulation. In addition, a pair of guide grooves 34 are symmetrically arranged on the front and rear sides of the tank body 31, and a processing platform 6 is slidably arranged on the guide grooves 34. On this basis, a pair of pulley frames 33 are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the tank body 31, and a fixed pulley 32 with a rope 9 wound around it is arranged on any pulley frame 33. Then, the rope 9 is used to pull the processing platform 6, so that the processing platform 6 can move left and right along the guide groove 34.

[0066] In some embodiments, Figure 3 The processing platform 6 includes a movable slide rail 61 and a storage table 62, wherein the storage table 62 is slidably arranged between a pair of movable slide rails 61 and can move along the length direction of the movable slide rails 61, and the two ends of the movable slide rails 61 arranged in pairs are respectively connected to the two ends of the noose 9, and the directions of the movable slide rails 61 and the noose 9 are perpendicular to each other, thereby, the noose 9 is used to pull the movable slide rails 61 to achieve the technical effect of moving the processing platform 6 to the left and right along the guide groove 34. On the other hand, a slide groove is also arranged at the bottom of the storage table 62, and the direction of the slide groove is perpendicular to the movable slide rail 61, and a slider 63 is arranged in the slide groove, and a feeding mechanism 64 is inserted in the slider 63. The feeding mechanism 64 is connected to the slider 63 by threaded transmission, so as to push the slider 63 to move forward and backward, thereby achieving the effect of moving the storage table 62 forward and backward, so as to facilitate the grinding of the entire workpiece surface.

[0067] Based on the previous embodiment, Figure 3, the feeding mechanism 64 includes a lead screw 641, a pinion 642 and a large gear 643. Specifically, the tail end of the lead screw 641 can be inserted into the slider 63 and form a threaded pair with the slider 63, wherein the lead screw 641 is rotatably arranged in the middle of the slot body 31 and is located below the liquid surface of the coolant, and the head end of the lead screw 641 is provided with a large gear 643, and the large gear 643 is gear-engaged with the pinion 642. At the same time, a crank 644 is provided at the center of the pinion 642, and the rotation of the crank 644 can drive the pinion 642 to rotate, and thereby drive the coaxially arranged lead screw 641 to rotate through the large gear 643. In this embodiment, the pinion 642 is gear-engaged with the large gear 643, and the radius of the pinion 642 is smaller than the large gear 643, thereby achieving a deceleration effect to increase the power of the lead screw 641 to rotate. Furthermore, the crank 644 in this embodiment can also be replaced with a servo motor. The controller is used to control the servo motor, thereby adjusting the position of the storage table 62 through the servo motor to improve the automation level of the equipment.

[0068] In a specific embodiment disclosed in the present invention, Figure 4 , the replacement and flipping of the double-layer grinding wheel are mainly realized by the mechanical arm 8. Specifically, the mechanical arm 8 includes a U-shaped claw 81, a primary motor 84 and a tertiary motor 86, wherein the end of the primary motor 84 is connected in series with the secondary motor 85. The U-shaped claw 81 can be inserted into the partition groove 03, thereby driving the double-layer grinding wheel to move. The middle part of the U-shaped claw 81 is integrally formed with one end of the prism 82, and the other end of the prism 82 is coaxially provided with a screw 83. Further explanation, in order to make the U-shaped claw 81 have the ability to stretch and flip at the same time, in this embodiment, the main shaft of the primary motor 84 is provided with a prism hole that matches the prism 82, and the main shaft of the secondary motor 85 is provided with an internal threaded hole that matches the screw 83. Therefore, when the main shaft of the secondary motor 85 rotates, the screw 83 can move telescopically along the main shaft direction. When the primary motor 84 and the secondary motor 85 rotate synchronously, the U-shaped claw 81 can flip at any angle. On this basis, in order to enable the U-shaped claw 81 to rotate horizontally, the main shaft of the tertiary motor 86 is also structurally connected to the secondary motor 85, and the main shaft of the tertiary motor 86 and the secondary motor 85 are perpendicular to each other so that the used grinding wheel can be replaced to the specified position.

[0069] In some embodiments, a transducer is also installed in the tank body 31, through which electrical energy and sound energy can be converted into each other, and then ultrasonic waves are emitted through the transducer, so that the coolant in the tank body 31 produces mechanical vibrations and forms cavitations to clean the double-layer grinding wheel, so that the scum and sludge on the grinding wheel fall off, thereby preventing the grinding wheel from being blocked.

[0070] Although the present invention has been described in detail above by general description and specific embodiments, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that some modifications or improvements can be made to the present invention. Therefore, these modifications or improvements made without departing from the spirit of the present invention all belong to the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. An immersion grinder, characterized in that: include: A double-layer grinding wheel comprises a coarse grinding wheel (01) and a fine grinding wheel (02), wherein the coarse grinding wheel (01) and the fine grinding wheel (02) are arranged along an axis and are integrally formed through high-temperature calcination, and a partition groove (03) is provided at the connection between the coarse grinding wheel (01) and the fine grinding wheel (02); A power device (1) is provided with a clamping jaw (4) at the bottom thereof and is suitable for driving the clamping jaw (4) to rotate, and the clamping jaw (4) is suitable for clamping a double-layer grinding wheel; An immersion tank (3) is provided with a cooling liquid, a housing (2) is provided on the top, and a mechanical arm (8) for replacing a double-layer grinding wheel is provided on the side; A reduction winch (5) is coaxially connected to the power device (1) and is suitable for driving the processing platform (6) to move back and forth; An elevator (7) is arranged at the upper end of the casing (2) and is used to drive the power device (1) to move up and down; The deceleration winch (5) is rotatably arranged in the housing (2), the power device (1) passes through the deceleration winch (5) to grind the workpiece on the processing platform (6), and the deceleration winch (5) is connected end to end with the processing platform (6) through a rope (9) to drive the processing platform (6) to move; The deceleration winch (5) comprises: The reel (51) has an inner gear ring (52) coaxially fixedly disposed on its inner wall; A transmission gear column (53) is located inside the reel (51) and is meshed and transmission-connected with the inner gear ring (52) on its outer side; An end cover (55) is provided with a plurality of transmission gear columns (53) rotatably disposed on the inner side and an axial hole (54) is provided on the outer side; The power device (1) is inserted into the shaft hole (54), and the power device (1) drives the transmission gear column (53) to rotate, thereby indirectly driving the inner gear ring (52) to rotate; The power device (1) comprises: A motor (11) having a hollow main shaft (12) installed therein; An outer gear ring (13) is coaxially sleeved on the outer wall of the hollow main shaft (12) and meshes with the transmission gear column (53) for transmission connection; A cylinder (14) is arranged at the end of the hollow main shaft (12) and is in communication with the hollow main shaft (12); The clamping jaw (4) comprises: The tire (41) is contracted and expanded, and a slit (44) is arranged on the outer side; A pull rod (42), one end of which is connected to the shrinking and expanding tire (41), and the other end of which is provided with a piston (43); The piston (43) is located in the cylinder (14). When the pressure in the cylinder (14) decreases, the piston (43) drives the shrinking and expanding tire (41) to move into the cylinder (14) through the pull rod (42), and the slit (44) is narrowed at the same time, so as to clamp the double-layer grinding wheel through the shrinking and expanding tire (41); The immersion tank (3) comprises: The tank body (31) is filled with cooling liquid, and a pair of guide grooves (34) are symmetrically arranged on the front and rear sides, and a processing platform (6) is slidably arranged on the guide grooves (34); A pair of pulley frames (33) are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the trough body (31), and a fixed pulley (32) around which a noose (9) is wound is arranged on any one of the pulley frames (33); The processing platform (6) comprises: The movable slide rails (61) are arranged in pairs and connected to the two ends of the noose (9), and the directions of the movable slide rails (61) and the noose (9) are perpendicular to each other; A storage platform (62) is slidably disposed between a pair of movable slide rails (61), a slide groove is disposed at the bottom, and a slider (63) is disposed in the slide groove; The feeding mechanism (64) is inserted into the slider (63), and the slider (63) is threadedly connected to the feeding mechanism (64).

2. The immersion grinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding mechanism (64) comprises: A lead screw (641) having a large gear (643) at its end and a tail end inserted into the slider (63); The small gear (642) has a crank (644) at its center, and the small gear (642) is meshed with the gear teeth of the large gear (643). When the large gear (643) is rotated, the lead screw (641) rotates.

3. The immersion grinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mechanical arm (8) comprises: A U-shaped claw (81), the middle portion of which is integrally formed with one end of a prism (82), and a screw (83) is coaxially arranged at the other end of the prism (82); A primary motor (84) whose end is connected in series with a secondary motor (85), wherein the main shaft of the primary motor (84) is provided with a prism hole matching the prism (82), and the main shaft of the secondary motor (85) is provided with an internal threaded hole matching the screw (83); The main shaft of the tertiary motor (86) is transmission-connected with the secondary motor (85), and the main shaft of the tertiary motor (86) and the secondary motor (85) are perpendicular to each other.

4. The immersion grinder according to claim 2, characterized in that: The crank (644) is replaced with a servo motor.

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