An intelligent wave generator

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent wave generator, comprising a mover, a rotor and a stator which are coaxially nested from the inside to the outside, a chessboard-shaped mover permanent magnet is mounted on the outer surface of the mover, a rotor permanent magnet matched with the mover permanent magnet is mounted on the inner surface of the rotor, strip permanent magnets are evenly spaced and mounted on the outer surface thereof, the spiral magnetic fields generated by the mover permanent magnet and the rotor permanent magnet are coupled with each other, the stator comprises a plurality of winding modules evenly spaced along the circumferential direction, and all are connected to the load through respective switch modules, each winding module comprises at least one set of three-phase windings for generating induced electromotive force, the switch modules of each set of winding modules are connected to a controller, the controller is also connected to a sensor, the sensor is used to collect sea condition information where the intelligent wave generator is located, the controller receives the sea condition information, and selectively controls the corresponding winding modules to work through the switch modules, so that the wave generator is always in a maximum power output state.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of automatic control, in particular to an intelligent wave generator. Background Art

[0002] The growing demand for energy is constantly consuming limited fossil fuels, while at the same time generating a large amount of waste that pollutes the environment, causing serious consequences such as the greenhouse effect. Therefore, we should vigorously develop renewable clean energy such as wind energy, solar energy and wave energy. Compared with other renewable energy sources, wave energy has the characteristics of large storage capacity, strong predictability and small impact on the environment. As a clean and renewable energy source with a wide distribution range and abundant reserves, wave energy has been recognized by countries around the world.

[0003] A direct-drive linear rotary wave generator is a power generation device that converts wave energy into electrical energy. Compared with traditional wave generators, direct-drive linear rotary wave generators have the advantages of simple structure, high energy conversion rate, and strong reliability. However, direct-drive linear rotary wave generators are large in size and relatively difficult to repair and maintain in the ocean. There is an urgent need to provide a new type of wave generator that inherits the advantages of the direct-drive linear rotary wave generator while improving the reliability of the generator and facilitating repair and maintenance. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides an intelligent wave generator, which utilizes a modularly designed stator. Each winding module can operate independently or simultaneously, which not only makes the stator part of the motor more convenient to repair, but also allows a certain winding module to be repaired and maintained independently, and allows the generator to be in a maximum power working state as much as possible. At the same time, the permanent magnet of the mover adopts a chessboard-like pasting method, which can improve the utilization rate of the permanent magnet and reduce the manufacturing cost.

[0005] The present invention can be implemented by the following technical solutions:

[0006] An intelligent wave generator comprises a mover, a rotor and a stator which are coaxially nested from inside to outside, with a gap between them.

[0007] A chessboard-shaped permanent magnet is mounted on the outer surface of the mover, a rotor permanent magnet matching the permanent magnet is mounted on the inner surface of the rotor, and strip permanent magnets are mounted evenly spaced on the outer surface. The spiral magnetic fields generated by the permanent magnets of the mover and the rotor are coupled to each other.

[0008] The stator comprises a plurality of winding modules evenly spaced along the circumferential direction, which are independent of each other and connected to the load through respective switch modules, and each winding module comprises at least one A-phase winding, one B-phase winding and one C-phase winding, for generating an induced electromotive force.

[0009] Each switch module is connected to a processor, and the processor is also connected to a sampling module. The sampling module is used to collect sea condition information of the intelligent wave generator. The processor receives the sea condition information and selectively controls the corresponding winding module to work through the switch module, so that the wave generator is always in a maximum power output state.

[0010] Furthermore, the winding modules are provided with four, which are respectively denoted as I to IV.

[0011] When the sea condition is at level 1-2, winding module I works, winding module II and winding module III do not work, and winding module IV is controlled to work according to the maximum power tracking algorithm, so that the wave generator is always in the maximum power output state;

[0012] When the sea condition is at level 3, winding module I does not work, winding module II and winding module III work alternately, and winding module IV is controlled to work according to the maximum power tracking algorithm, so that the wave generator is always in the maximum power output state;

[0013] When the sea condition is at level 4, winding module I does not work, winding module II and winding module III work at the same time, and winding module IV is controlled to work according to the maximum power tracking algorithm, so that the wave generator is always in the maximum power output state;

[0014] When the sea condition is level 5, winding module I, winding module II and winding module III work simultaneously, and winding module IV is controlled to work according to the maximum power tracking algorithm, so that the wave generator is always in the maximum power output state;

[0015] When the sea condition is at level 6 or above, winding module I, winding module II, winding module III and winding module IV work simultaneously.

[0016] Furthermore, the non-working winding modules are all fed with a current having a direction opposite to the induced current corresponding to the induced electromotive force, so as to accelerate the starting of the motor.

[0017] Furthermore, each of the winding modules includes a crescent-shaped comb-shaped magnetic conductive core, and concentrated windings are wound on the comb teeth of each crescent-shaped comb-shaped magnetic conductive core as an excitation pole. The number of comb teeth is an integer multiple of three, and all the crescent-shaped comb-shaped magnetic conductive cores are evenly embedded in the interior of the cylindrical stator housing.

[0018] Furthermore, a plurality of latch teeth are evenly spaced on the inner wall of the cylindrical stator housing, each of the latch teeth is located between the ends of two adjacent moon-shaped comb-shaped magnetic conductive cores, and they are connected by recessed and protruding snap-fitting.

[0019] Furthermore, the mover includes a columnar supporting core, the outer surface of the columnar mover core is sleeved with a magnetic screw core, and the outer surface of the magnetic screw core is mounted with a mover permanent magnet, the mover permanent magnet is formed by two spiral permanent magnets wound together, one spiral permanent magnet is formed by a plurality of N-pole segmented permanent magnets and segmented steel blocks arranged alternately, and the other spiral permanent magnet is formed by a plurality of S-pole segmented permanent magnets and segmented steel blocks arranged alternately.

[0020] The beneficial technical effects of the present invention are:

[0021] 1. Due to the use of the chessboard-style sticking method of the magnetic screw permanent magnet, it not only inherits the advantages of high reliability and long maintenance cycle of the traditional permanent magnetic screw, but also can improve the utilization rate of the permanent magnet and reduce costs.

[0022] 2. The use of modular stator makes the stator part of the motor more convenient to maintain. At the same time, the modular design allows each module of the generator to operate independently, improving the reliability of the entire system. The modular design makes the motor design more flexible, and modules can be added or reduced according to actual needs.

[0023] 3. Due to the frequent changes in sea conditions, if the traditional symmetrical module and winding design is used, on the one hand, all windings have a high overload multiple at peak power in medium sea conditions, which affects the life of the motor; in small sea conditions, they are not fully utilized, and the efficiency of the motor is relatively low, affecting the efficiency of the entire power generation system. However, when the rated working points of the four groups of modules are different, in different sea conditions, one set of windings can be removed or an optimized power matching strategy can be used to make the motor work in the high-efficiency range for as long as possible, thereby improving the reliability and efficiency of the system.

[0024] 4. Due to the spiral magnetic field coupling principle between the rotor and the mover, the torque that causes the rotor to rotate can be effectively increased, so that the rotor rotates at high speed, so that the modular motor of the present invention has high power density and inference density. At the same time, since the concentrated winding has a small end, it has a lower end effect.

[0025] 5. The use of permanent magnets on the rotor can achieve higher magnetic field density and flux density, thereby increasing the output torque of the motor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the mover of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the rotor of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the stator of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the distribution of each winding module in the stator of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 It is a force density comparison diagram of the chessboard-type pasting method of the present invention and the traditional pasting method;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a motion state diagram of the generator rotor in a small sea condition of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 This is a motion state diagram of the generator rotor in medium sea conditions of the present invention;

[0034] Among them, 1-motor, 11-columnar supporting core, 12-magnetic rod mover core, 13-motor segmented spiral N-pole permanent magnet, 14-motor segmented spiral S-pole permanent magnet, 15-motor segmented spiral steel block, 2-rotor, 21-cylindrical rotor core, 22-salient pole reluctance rotor, 23-rotor segmented spiral N-pole permanent magnet, 24-rotor segmented spiral S-pole permanent magnet, 25-rotor segmented spiral N-pole permanent magnet, 26-rotor segmented spiral S-pole permanent magnet, 3-stator, 31-concentrated winding, 32-cylindrical stator housing, 33-moon-shaped comb-shaped magnetic conductive core, 34-common pole, 35-excitation pole, 36-tooth. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0036] See attached Figure 1 The present invention discloses an intelligent wave generator, comprising a mover 1, a rotor 2 and a stator 3 which are coaxially nested from the inside to the outside, with gaps between them, wherein the mover 1 adopts a magnetic screw mover structure, the rotor 2 is composed of a rotor core, a salient pole reluctance rotor and a rotor permanent magnet, and the stator 3 is composed of a moon-shaped comb-shaped magnetic conductive core, a concentrated winding and a cylindrical shell.

[0037] like Figure 2As shown, the mover 1 is a solid rod-shaped structure, and the magnetic screw core 12 is mounted on the columnar support steel core 11. A chessboard-shaped mover permanent magnet is attached to the outer surface of the magnetic screw core 12. The columnar support steel core 11 is made of high-strength steel to support the mover structure and prevent it from deforming and affecting the performance of the generator. The magnetic screw core 12 is made of soft magnetic material and is used for the conduction of the magnetic circuit. The mover permanent magnet is formed by winding two spiral permanent magnets. One spiral permanent magnet is formed by alternating a plurality of N-pole segmented permanent magnets and segmented steel blocks, and the other spiral permanent magnet is formed by alternating a plurality of S-pole segmented permanent magnets and segmented steel blocks, that is, the N-pole segmented permanent magnet 13, the S-pole segmented permanent magnet 14 and the steel block 15 are arranged in a row. Figure 2 As shown, it is attached to the outer surface of the mover magnetic screw core 12 to form a chessboard-like mover permanent magnet, which is used to generate a spiral N and S pole staggered magnetic field. This method of attachment can improve the utilization rate of the permanent magnet and reduce the manufacturing cost of the motor.

[0038] like Figure 3 As shown, the rotor 2 is composed of a cylindrical rotor core 21, a salient pole reluctance rotor 22 and permanent magnets, wherein the permanent magnets include spiral rotor permanent magnets attached to the inner wall of the cylindrical rotor core 21, and strip rotor permanent magnets attached between the salient poles of the salient pole reluctance rotor 22, wherein the strip rotor permanent magnets include rotor segmented spiral N-pole permanent magnets 23 and rotor segmented spiral S-pole permanent magnets 24, which are alternately attached between two adjacent salient poles of the salient pole reluctance rotor 22; the spiral rotor permanent magnets include rotor segmented spiral N-pole permanent magnets 25 and rotor segmented spiral S-pole permanent magnets 26, which correspond to the mover segmented permanent magnets, are alternately radially magnetized along the axial direction, and are attached to the inner side of the cylindrical rotor core 21, and the spiral magnetic fields generated by the rotor segmented permanent magnets and the mover segmented permanent magnets are coupled with each other, thereby converting the linear motion of the mover 1 into the rotational motion of the rotor 2, and the spiral permanent magnets on the mover 1 and the rotor 2 have the same axial width.

[0039] like Figure 4As shown, the stator 3 includes a cylindrical stator shell 32, and a plurality of winding modules are evenly embedded inside the cylindrical stator shell 32. Each winding module has a crescent-shaped comb-shaped magnetic conductive core 33. The comb teeth of each crescent-shaped comb-shaped magnetic conductive core 33 are wound with concentrated windings 31 as excitation poles. The number of comb teeth is an integer multiple of three, and all the crescent-shaped comb-shaped magnetic conductive cores 33 are evenly embedded inside the cylindrical stator shell 32. Four winding modules are used in the present invention, which are respectively recorded as winding module I to winding module IV. Each crescent-shaped comb-shaped conductive magnetic core 33 has two common poles 34 and three excitation poles 35. The excitation poles 35 are respectively equipped with concentrated windings 31 of phases A, B, and C. The armature reaction generated by the current of the concentrated windings 31 is mutually coupled with the magnetic field generated by the rotor block permanent magnet. There is a protrusion in the middle of the outer side of each common pole 34, and a latch tooth 36 is provided at the common pole position corresponding to the cylindrical stator housing 31. Each latch tooth 36 extends toward the center of the circle and is provided with a groove matched with the protrusion, so that the crescent-shaped comb-shaped conductive magnetic core 33 can be fixed inside the cylindrical stator housing 32.

[0040] Since the wave excitation force, wave speed and power of the wave power generation system are different and vary greatly under different levels of sea conditions, the present invention has different requirements on the characteristics of the generator according to different levels of sea conditions, and respectively Figure 5 The different winding modules shown are designed according to differentiated rated parameters. According to the characteristics of different winding modules and combined with the sea conditions, a suitable control strategy can be formulated to make each winding module work in the most efficient range to improve the efficiency of the system. In addition, after a winding module fails, other winding modules can continue to work to improve the fault tolerance of the generator; different winding modules work alternately under different sea conditions, which can also improve the heat dissipation inside the generator and extend the service life of the generator.

[0041] For example, winding module I is designed according to the rated parameters of the motor corresponding to small sea conditions, and is used for power generation under small sea conditions; winding modules II and III are designed for medium sea conditions and are used for power generation under medium sea conditions; winding module IV is designed according to the characteristics of small time constant and good control performance to achieve rapid control response; winding module IV has better control characteristics, so the performance of the motor can be improved by controlling winding module IV. Therefore, different control strategies can be formulated for the motor so that it can work in the most efficient working state under different sea conditions. The possible working modes are as follows:

[0042] Mode 1: When the sea conditions are level 1 to 2, the power that can be extracted from the waves is relatively small. Therefore, only winding module I is allowed to generate electricity, and winding modules II and III are in an open-circuit, no-load operation state. At this time, winding modules II and III do not generate reverse electromagnetic torque and do not emit electrical energy to the outside. Because the thrust of the waves is small in sea conditions of level 1 to 2, when the wave thrust is less than the starting thrust of the motor, the generator cannot start. At this time, a reverse current is passed through winding module IV to make it run electrically, providing auxiliary starting thrust to help start the generator;

[0043] Mode 2: In sea conditions of level 3, winding module I is open-circuited and does not operate, and does not output power to the outside. Winding modules II and III operate alternately under their rated conditions. Since modules II and III are operating at their rated conditions at this time, the efficiency of modules II and III is optimal under this operating condition. Maximum power tracking control is achieved by controlling winding module IV, such as applying the maximum power control method of fuzzy sliding mode control, adjusting the approach law parameters in real time according to the operating status, and weakening the output ripple while achieving maximum power tracking, reducing the tracking error, and improving the system control quality.

[0044] Mode 3: In sea conditions of level 4, winding module I is open-circuited and does not operate, and does not output power. Winding modules II and III generate electricity and operate simultaneously, and maximum power tracking control is achieved by controlling winding module IV. For example, the maximum power control method of fuzzy sliding mode control is applied, and the approaching law parameters are adjusted in real time according to the operating status. While achieving maximum power tracking, the output ripple is weakened, the tracking error is reduced, and the system control quality is improved.

[0045] Mode 4: In sea conditions of level 5, winding modules I, II and III generate electricity at the same time, and maximum power tracking control is achieved by controlling winding module IV. For example, the maximum power control method of fuzzy sliding mode control is applied, and the reaching law parameters are adjusted in real time according to the operating status. While achieving maximum power tracking, the output ripple is weakened, the tracking error is reduced, and the system control quality is improved.

[0046] Mode 5: In sea conditions of level 6 and above, all winding modules generate electricity and operate simultaneously within the rated power without maximum power tracking control.

[0047] In the control modes of mode 1 and mode 3, the motion states of the thrust and velocity of the proposed intelligent wave generator rotor changing with time are as follows: Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown in the figure, no matter in small or medium sea conditions, the generator can capture wave energy to the maximum extent in the resonant state and convert it into electrical energy.

[0048] like Figure 6As shown in the figure, as the length of the mover increases, the PM volume force density of the mover with the traditional mounting method and the mover with the chessboard mounting method decreases. However, the force density of the chessboard mounting method is always greater than that of the traditional mounting method. This means that under the same motor specifications, the use of the chessboard mounting method can improve the utilization rate of the permanent magnet, save the consumption of the permanent magnet, and reduce the manufacturing cost.

[0049] The working process of the intelligent wave generator of the present invention is as follows:

[0050] The mover 1 of the intelligent wave generator of the present invention is connected to the buoy of wave energy, and the kinetic energy of wave energy is converted into the low-speed linear motion of the mover 1 along the axial direction, and then the spiral magnetic field generated by the segmented spiral permanent magnets on the mover conductive core 12 and the spiral magnetic field generated by the spiral permanent magnets on the inner surface of the cylindrical rotor iron core 21 are coupled to each other to generate torque, drive the rotor 2 to rotate, and thus convert the low-speed linear motion of the mover 1 into the high-speed rotational motion of the rotor 2. According to the principle of minimum magnetic resistance, the magnetic lines of force are emitted by the rotor segmented spiral N-pole permanent magnets, flow through the air gap to the excitation poles of the moon-shaped comb-shaped conductive core 33, pass through the iron core part of the moon-shaped comb-shaped conductive core 33, the other excitation poles of the moon-shaped comb-shaped conductive core 33, and then pass through the air gap and return to the rotor segmented spiral S-pole permanent magnets to form a closed loop. When the salient pole reluctance rotor 22 rotates, the magnetic flux of the excitation pole of the crescent-shaped comb-shaped conductive core 33 changes. Since the concentrated winding 31 is wound on the excitation pole of the crescent-shaped comb-shaped conductive core 33, the magnetic flux in the concentrated winding 31 also changes accordingly, thereby generating an induced electromotive force, so that the rotational mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy. When the generator is running, the controller determines the number of winding modules put into operation and the torque allocated to each winding module according to actual needs through table lookup and interpolation methods, with the goal of optimal efficiency, so that the generator works at the optimal efficiency.

[0051] Although specific embodiments of the present invention are described above, those skilled in the art should understand that these are merely examples and that various changes or modifications may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and essence of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention is limited by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An intelligent wave generator, Features: It includes a mover, a rotor and a stator which are coaxially nested from the inside to the outside, with a gap between them. A chessboard-shaped permanent magnet is mounted on the outer surface of the mover, a rotor permanent magnet matching the permanent magnet is mounted on the inner surface of the rotor, and strip permanent magnets are mounted evenly spaced on the outer surface. The spiral magnetic fields generated by the permanent magnets of the mover and the rotor are coupled to each other. The stator comprises a plurality of winding modules evenly spaced along the circumferential direction, which are independent of each other and connected to the load through respective switch modules, and each winding module comprises at least one A-phase winding, one B-phase winding and one C-phase winding, for generating an induced electromotive force. Each switch module is connected to a processor, and the processor is also connected to a sampling module, and the sampling module is used to collect sea condition information where the intelligent wave generator is located. The processor receives the sea condition information and selectively controls the corresponding winding module to work through the switch module, so that the wave generator is always in a maximum power output state; There are four winding modules, which are marked as I to IV. When the sea condition is at level 1-2, winding module I works, winding module II and winding module III do not work, and winding module IV is controlled to work according to the maximum power tracking algorithm, so that the wave generator is always in the maximum power output state; When the sea condition is at level 3, winding module I does not work, winding module II and winding module III work alternately, and winding module IV is controlled to work according to the maximum power tracking algorithm, so that the wave generator is always in the maximum power output state; When the sea condition is at level 4, winding module I does not work, winding module II and winding module III work at the same time, and winding module IV is controlled to work according to the maximum power tracking algorithm, so that the wave generator is always in the maximum power output state; When the sea condition is level 5, winding module I, winding module II and winding module III work simultaneously, and winding module IV is controlled to work according to the maximum power tracking algorithm, so that the wave generator is always in the maximum power output state; When the sea condition is at level 6 or above, winding module I, winding module II, winding module III and winding module IV work simultaneously; The non-working winding modules are all fed with a current in the opposite direction to the induced current corresponding to the induced electromotive force, so as to accelerate the starting of the motor; The mover includes a columnar support core, the outer surface of the columnar support core is covered with a magnetic screw core, and the outer surface of the magnetic screw core is mounted with a mover permanent magnet, the mover permanent magnet is formed by two spiral permanent magnets wound together, one spiral permanent magnet is formed by a plurality of N-pole segmented permanent magnets and segmented steel blocks arranged alternately, and the other spiral permanent magnet is formed by a plurality of S-pole segmented permanent magnets and segmented steel blocks arranged alternately.

2. The intelligent wave generator according to claim 1, Features: Each of the winding modules includes a crescent-shaped comb-shaped magnetic conductive core, and concentrated windings are wound on the comb teeth of each crescent-shaped comb-shaped magnetic conductive core as an excitation pole. The number of comb teeth is an integer multiple of three, and all the crescent-shaped comb-shaped magnetic conductive cores are evenly embedded in the interior of the cylindrical stator housing.

3. The intelligent wave generator according to claim 2, Features: A plurality of latch teeth are evenly spaced on the inner wall of the cylindrical stator housing, each of the latch teeth is located between the ends of two adjacent moon-shaped comb-shaped magnetic conductive cores, and they are connected by recessed and protruding snap-fitting.

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