A method for improving passion fruit plant growth and fruit quality and application thereof

Abstract

The present disclosure belongs to the field of passion fruit planting technology, and provides a method and application for improving the plant growth and fruit quality of passion fruit. Method: prepare agricultural enzyme fertilizer (including Shimamoto bacteria, enzyme raw materials, brown sugar and water); the enzyme raw materials are selected from at least one of passion fruit peel, passion fruit straw, corn straw and cherry tomato straw; plant passion fruit plants, apply agricultural enzyme fertilizer after 15 days, and fertilize the roots and leaves once a week; measure the physical and chemical indicators of agricultural enzyme fertilizer, and evaluate its effects on passion fruit plant growth and fruit traits, flavor and nutritional quality. Also disclosed is the application of passion fruit peel enzyme fertilizer in improving passion fruit plant growth and fruit quality. The present disclosure quantitatively evaluates the input organic fertilizer and provides theoretical data reference for large-scale mass production; comprehensively evaluates the effects of applying organic fertilizer on the appearance, physical and chemical, flavor, nutrition and safety quality of passion fruit fruits, and provides quality improvement technology.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of passion fruit planting, and in particular to a method and application for improving plant growth and fruit quality of passion fruit. Background Art

[0002] passion fruit( Passiflora edulis Sims ) is a vine plant of the genus Passiflora in the family Passifloraceae, scientifically known as Passiflora. Passion fruit has the effects of clearing the lungs and moistening dryness, relieving pain and calming the nerves. It is mainly used to treat cough, dry throat, hoarseness, constipation, insomnia, dysmenorrhea, joint pain and dysentery. Passion fruit flowers are large and beautiful, with strange flower shapes and bright fruit colors. It has a high ornamental and greening value and is a good plant for vertical greening and trellis greening in gardens. The fruit can be eaten raw or used as vegetables and feed. The fruit pulp is juicy and can be made into a beverage by adding calcium bicarbonate and sugar. The seeds are pressed for oil, which can be used for food and for making soap, paint, etc.

[0003] With the improvement of people's living standards, the nutritional value and economic value of passion fruit are increasingly valued by people, and its cultivation and development in my country is constantly expanding. At present, the cultivation technology of passion fruit mainly focuses on the optimization of planting methods, planting process management, and the introduction of organic fertilizers (such as human feces: peanut bran: phosphate fertilizer = 100: 19~21: 28~32), so as to increase the yield and sugar content of passion fruit. However, these technologies do not have quantitative evaluations of the physical and chemical indicators of organic fertilizers, and mass production is difficult to achieve, and have little reference value for large-scale planting and precise fertilization. In addition, the evaluation of fruit quality only involves sugar content, and a large number of fruit quality indicators are not covered, which is of little reference value for improving fruit quality. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present disclosure provides a method and application for improving the plant growth and fruit quality of passion fruit, so as to at least solve the above technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a method for improving plant growth and fruit quality of passion fruit, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1: preparing agricultural enzyme fertilizer; the agricultural enzyme fertilizer comprises Shimamoto bacteria, enzyme raw material, brown sugar and water, and the weight ratio is 0.8-1.2:1.2-1.8:4-6:40-60; the enzyme raw material is selected from at least one of passion fruit peel, passion fruit straw, corn straw and cherry tomato straw;

[0007] S2: Planting passion fruit plants, and starting to apply the agricultural enzyme fertilizer prepared in step S1 after 15 days, fertilizing the roots and leaves of the passion fruit plants once a week;

[0008] S3: The pH, conductivity, total acid content, organic matter content and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity of the agricultural enzyme fertilizer prepared in step S1 are measured; and the effects of the agricultural enzyme fertilizer on the leaf length, leaf width, main vine stem thickness, relative chlorophyll content (SPAD value) of the passion fruit plants, the net photosynthetic rate of the leaves, and the number of fruits, longitudinal and transverse diameters of the fruits, single fruit weight, thickness and hardness of the peel, soluble solids content of the pulp, titratable acid content, aroma components of the fruit, and nitrate content in the fruit are evaluated.

[0009] In one embodiment, the agricultural enzyme fertilizer includes passion fruit peel enzyme fertilizer, passion fruit straw enzyme fertilizer, passion fruit peel + passion fruit straw enzyme fertilizer, corn straw enzyme fertilizer and cherry tomato straw enzyme fertilizer.

[0010] In one possible implementation, when the passion fruit peel + passion fruit straw enzyme fertilizer is used for fertilization, the passion fruit straw enzyme fertilizer is applied during the vegetative period of the passion fruit plant, and the passion fruit peel enzyme fertilizer is applied during the reproductive period of the passion fruit plant.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the weight ratio of the Shimamoto bacteria, the enzyme raw material, the brown sugar and the water is 1:1.5:5:50.

[0012] In one embodiment, step S1 of preparing the agricultural enzyme fertilizer specifically includes the following steps: mixing the Shimamoto bacteria, the enzyme raw material, the brown sugar and the water in proportion and adding them into a sealed can, sealing it, and fermenting it in an environment without direct sunlight; stirring once a day, adding oxygen 3 to 4 times, each time for 2 to 2.5 hours, and completing the fermentation when the pH and conductivity of the fermentation liquid are stable.

[0013] In one embodiment, step S2 uses a substrate and compound fertilizer to plant the passion fruit plant; the substrate includes red soil and coconut bran, and the mass ratio of the two is 1:1.

[0014] In one embodiment, the compound fertilizer is compound fertilizer 15-15-15.

[0015] In one embodiment, when planting the passion fruit plants in step S2, the spacing between rows and plants is 1.5m×2m.

[0016] In one embodiment, in step S2, the agricultural enzyme fertilizer is diluted 14 to 16 times and then applied to the roots of the passion fruit plants, and is diluted 9 to 11 times and then applied to the leaves of the passion fruit plants.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment, in step S2, the agricultural enzyme fertilizer is diluted 15 times and then applied to the roots of the passion fruit plants, and is diluted 10 times and then applied to the leaves of the passion fruit plants.

[0018] In one embodiment, when applying the agricultural enzyme fertilizer in step S2, 1 to 1.2 L of fertilizer is applied to the root of each passion fruit plant each time, and 14 to 16 L of fertilizer is applied to the leaves of the passion fruit plant each time.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment, when applying the agricultural enzyme fertilizer in step S2, 1 L of fertilizer is applied to the root of each passion fruit plant each time, and 15 L of fertilizer is applied to the leaves of the passion fruit plant each time.

[0020] In one embodiment, the agricultural enzyme fertilizer has a pH value of less than 4.0, a conductivity of 23-34 us / cm, a total acid content of 11.5-30.0 g / L, an organic matter content of 2.0-2.9%, and a superoxide dismutase activity of 18-79 U / mL.

[0021] According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, at least one of the following applications of passion fruit peel enzyme fertilizer in improving passion fruit plant growth and fruit quality is provided:

[0022] a. preparing a product for improving the relative chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate of the passion fruit leaves;

[0023] b. preparing a product for improving the solid-acid ratio of the passion fruit fruit, thereby improving the taste and flavor of the fruit;

[0024] c. preparing a product that increases the types of aroma components of the passion fruit fruit, thereby improving the flavor quality;

[0025] d. Preparation of a product that increases the total sugar content and calcium content of the passion fruit fruit and reduces the organic acid content, thereby improving the taste quality and nutritional quality of the fruit;

[0026] e. Prepare a product that reduces the nitrate content of passion fruit fruit.

[0027] In one embodiment, the solid-acid ratio is the ratio of the soluble solid content to the titratable acid content.

[0028] According to an implementable embodiment of the present disclosure, at least the following beneficial effects are achieved:

[0029] 1. The present invention aims to solve the problem of low efficiency and difficulty in accurate application of organic fertilizer in passion fruit planting, conducts quantitative evaluation on the organic fertilizer (agricultural enzyme fertilizer) input, and provides theoretical data reference for large-scale mass production.

[0030] 2. The present invention aims to solve the problems of low overall quality of passion fruit and lack of improvement technology, optimizes the input plan of organic fertilizer, comprehensively evaluates the impact of applying organic fertilizer on the appearance, physical and chemical, flavor, nutrition and safety quality of passion fruit, and provides quality improvement technology in passion fruit cultivation, which has obvious advantages in technology promotion and application. Specifically, (1) the existing technology focuses on improving the yield of passion fruit by standardizing the planting method, and does not evaluate the effect of improving the growth indicators of passion fruit plants; while the present disclosure has obvious advantages in improving the chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate of passion fruit leaves, and is more effective than chemical fertilizers in promoting the growth of passion fruit plants; (2) the evaluation of improving the quality of passion fruit in the existing technology only focuses on the glossiness and sugar content of the fruit, while the quality of passion fruit includes appearance, physicochemical, flavor and nutrition. The present disclosure systematically evaluates the improvement of the appearance, physicochemical, flavor and nutritional quality of passion fruit, and has obvious advantages, especially aroma substances and calcium content; (3) the existing technology does not involve the evaluation of the safety quality of passion fruit fruit. Nitrate content is an important indicator for evaluating the safety quality of fruit. The organic fertilizer proposed in the present disclosure has a significant advantage in reducing the nitrate content of passion fruit fruit. In summary, the present disclosure has more guiding significance through comprehensive evaluation.

[0031] It should be understood that the content described in this section is not intended to identify the key or important features of the embodiments of the present disclosure, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Other features of the present disclosure will become easily understood through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will become readily understood by reading the detailed description below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the accompanying drawings, several embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in an exemplary and non-limiting manner, in which:

[0033] In the drawings, the same or corresponding reference numerals represent the same or corresponding parts.

[0034] Figure 1 The figure shows the effect of different fertilizers on the leaf length, leaf width, stem thickness, relative chlorophyll content of leaves, and net photosynthetic rate of leaves of passion fruit plants in the test examples disclosed in the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 The graph shows the effects of different fertilizers on the number of fruits, longitudinal diameter, transverse diameter, single fruit weight, peel hardness and peel thickness of passion fruit in the test examples disclosed in the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 The figure shows the effect of different fertilizers on the edible rate, soluble solids content, titratable acid content and solid-acid ratio of passion fruit in the test example disclosed in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to make the purpose, features, and advantages of the present disclosure more obvious and easy to understand, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0038] Example 1

[0039] This embodiment carries out passion fruit pot planting, and the specific process is as follows:

[0040] (1) Select the "Qiongxuan Gold No. 1" passion fruit grafted seedlings bred by the Institute of Tropical Crops Variety Resources, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, and healthy plants with buds longer than 10 cm. The test site is the Fifth Team of the Institute of Tropical Crops Variety Resources, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences.

[0041] The passion fruit peels, passion fruit straws, corn straws, and cherry tomato straws used were all from planting areas near the test site. The fertilizer was Jinzhengda high-tower nitric-sulfur compound fertilizer, the brown sugar was purchased from Guangxi Tianlin Heping Sugar Co., Ltd., and the Shimamoto bacteria were produced by Kunming Bangte Bioengineering Technology Co., Ltd., in powder form, with effective live bacteria ≥ 780 million / g.

[0042] (2) Preparation of agricultural enzyme fertilizer. Passion fruit peel (PP), passion fruit stalk (PS), corn stalk (CS), and cherry tomato stalk (TS) were used as enzyme raw materials. The enzyme raw materials (dry materials), brown sugar, and water were mixed at a weight ratio of 0.3:1:10, including 1.5 kg of enzyme raw materials, 5 kg of brown sugar, 50 kg of water, and 1 kg of Shimamoto bacteria. The enzyme raw materials were cut into small pieces and placed in a 100L plastic sealed can with other ingredients in the above proportions. The mixture was stirred evenly, covered with a lid, labeled, and placed in an environment without direct sunlight for fermentation. Stir once a day and add oxygen with an oxygenator 3 times, each time for 2 hours. When the pH and conductivity (EC value) of the fermentation liquid are stable, the fermentation is completed, and passion fruit peel enzyme fertilizer, passion fruit straw enzyme fertilizer, passion fruit peel + passion fruit straw enzyme fertilizer, corn straw enzyme fertilizer and cherry tomato straw enzyme fertilizer are obtained. Seal them for later use.

[0043] (3) Potted plant experiment. The experiment was divided into 7 treatments, each with 3 replicates and 12 seedlings in each replicate. The seedlings were transplanted and planted in 40×45cm non-woven bags and arranged using a random block design. The cultivation medium was uniformly mixed in a mass ratio of red soil: coconut bran = 1:1. 80g of compound fertilizer (15-15-15) was added to each non-woven bag. After fully mixing, the mixture was divided into bags and placed at a plant spacing of 1.5m×2m. Fifteen days after transplanting, the agricultural enzyme fertilizer prepared in step (2) was applied. The roots were fertilized once a week and the leaves were sprayed once. The roots and leaves were fertilized at the same time. The fertilization design is shown in Table 1:

[0044] Table 1

[0045]

[0046] Note: PP, PS, TS, CS represent the fermentation substrates as passion fruit peel, passion fruit straw, cherry tomato straw, corn straw, respectively; CF represents fertilizer treatment; WT represents water treatment, the same below.

[0047] (4) After the enzyme fermentation is completed, the physical and chemical indicators of the agricultural enzyme fertilizer are measured. The pH of the enzyme fertilizer is measured by a pH meter, the conductivity is measured by a conductivity meter, the total acid content is measured by titration, the organic matter content is measured by potassium dichromate-external heating method, and the superoxide dismutase activity is measured by a SOD kit.

[0048] The effects of the above fertilizers on passion fruit plants were evaluated. During the green fruit period, the diameter of the main vine 10-15 cm above the ground, the length and width of the 6th leaf were measured respectively; the relative chlorophyll content (SPAD value) of the leaves was measured with a SPAD-502 plus handheld chlorophyll meter, and the net photosynthetic rate of the leaves was measured with a LI-6400 photosynthesis meter. Both indicators were measured in 5 plants per replicate, with one leaf per plant, and the average value was taken.

[0049] The effects of the application of the above fertilizers on the appearance, physicochemical properties, flavor, nutrition, safety and quality of passion fruit were evaluated. The fruits were harvested during the peak production period, and 10 fruits of equal size and complete color change were selected for each repetition. The longitudinal and transverse diameters, single fruit weight, peel thickness and hardness of the fruits were measured. The hardness of the peel was measured using a GY-4 digital fruit hardness tester, and the soluble solids content and titratable acid content of the pulp were measured using an Atuo sugar and acid all-in-one machine; the aroma components of the mixed juice were measured using headspace solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HP-SPME-GC-MS), the total sugar content was measured using a spectrophotometer, and the content of each mineral element was measured using an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS).

[0050] Among them, edible rate = (single fruit weight - fruit skin weight) / single fruit weight;

[0051] Solid-acid ratio = soluble solids content / titratable acid content.

[0052] Test example

[0053] 1. Physical and chemical indicators of enzyme fertilizer

[0054] The measurement results are shown in Table 2.

[0055] Table 2

[0056]

[0057] Note: a, b, c, d in the same column represent significant differences at the P < 0.05 level.

[0058] As can be seen from Table 2, the physical and chemical indicators of each agricultural enzyme fertilizer vary greatly. The four agricultural enzyme fertilizers are strongly acidic, with pH values ​​lower than 4.0. The pH values ​​of TS and PP enzyme fertilizers are the lowest, at 3.15 and 3.16 respectively, and the pH value of PS enzyme fertilizer is the highest, at 3.29, which is significantly higher than the pH values ​​of other enzyme fertilizers. The conductivity of the four enzyme fertilizers is significantly different from each other, with the largest being PS enzyme fertilizer (33.1us / cm) and the smallest being CS enzyme fertilizer (23.9us / cm). For total acid content, TS enzyme fertilizer is significantly higher than other treatments, at 27.9g / L; there is no significant difference between PP and PS enzyme fertilizers, at 14.0g / L and 12.3g / L respectively. The organic matter content of different enzyme fertilizers ranges from 2.1% to 2.7%, with the highest content being PP enzyme fertilizer and the lowest being CS enzyme fertilizer, and there is no significant difference between PS and TS enzyme fertilizers. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) also varied greatly, with significant differences among the enzyme fertilizers. The SOD activity of TS enzyme fertilizer was 77.6U / mL, significantly greater than that of other enzyme fertilizers. The SOD activities of other enzyme fertilizers were CS (71.02U / mL), PP (40.51U / mL), and PS (19.70U / mL) from highest to lowest.

[0059] 2. Effect of agricultural enzyme fertilizer on the growth of passion fruit plants

[0060] The effects of various fertilizers on the growth of passion fruit plants are as follows Figure 1 shown. Figure 1The results showed that compared with chemical fertilizers and water treatments, agricultural enzyme fertilizers have a growth-promoting effect on passion fruit plants, and different agricultural enzyme fertilizers have different promoting effects. There was no significant difference in the effects of various agricultural enzyme fertilizers on leaf length and leaf width. The stem diameter under PP, PS, CS and PS+PP enzyme fertilizer treatments was not significantly different from that under CF treatment. For the relative chlorophyll content of leaves (SPAD value), there was no significant difference between PP, PS, CS and PS+PP enzyme fertilizer treatments and CF treatments, but it was significantly greater than the WT treatment. For the net photosynthetic rate of leaves, the PP enzyme fertilizer treatment was the largest and significantly greater than other treatments. Therefore, compared with other enzyme fertilizer treatments, passion fruit peel (PP) enzyme fertilizer has obvious advantages in increasing the chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate of passion fruit leaves, and is better than ordinary chemical fertilizers in promoting the growth of passion fruit plants.

[0061] 3. Effects of agricultural enzyme fertilizer on passion fruit characteristics

[0062] The effects of various fertilizers on the apparent characteristics of passion fruit are shown in the following table. Figure 2 shown. Figure 2 The results showed that the number of fruits per plant treated with different enzyme fertilizers was not significantly different from that treated with pure water, and there was no significant difference between them. The longitudinal diameter, transverse diameter, single fruit weight, peel thickness and hardness of passion fruit treated with different enzyme fertilizers were not significantly different from those treated with chemical fertilizers and pure water. The peel thickness of TS enzyme fertilizer treatment was the highest, significantly higher than that of PP, PS and PS+PP enzyme fertilizer treatments.

[0063] The effects of various fertilizers on the physical and chemical properties of passion fruit are shown in the following table. Figure 3 shown. Figure 3 The results showed that the edible rate of PP enzyme fertilizer treatment was the highest, at 51.63%, which was not significantly different from the chemical fertilizer treatment, but significantly higher than that of the water treatment. The soluble solid content between different treatments was about 17%, and the difference between them was not significant. For the titratable acid content, there was no significant difference between the titratable acid content of PP enzyme fertilizer treatment and PS enzyme fertilizer treatment, TS enzyme fertilizer treatment, and CF treatment, but the difference between PS+PP enzyme fertilizer treatment, CS enzyme fertilizer treatment, and water treatment reached a significant level. For the solid-acid ratio, the difference between the treatments was relatively large, with the largest being PP enzyme fertilizer treatment (14.60) and the smallest being CS enzyme fertilizer treatment (10.58) and WT treatment (10.59); the solid-acid ratio of PP enzyme fertilizer treatment was significantly greater than that of TS enzyme fertilizer, CS enzyme fertilizer, PS+PP enzyme fertilizer, CF, and WT treatments.

[0064] It can be seen that compared with chemical fertilizer treatment, PP enzyme fertilizer treatment did not affect the size of passion fruit, the thickness and hardness of the peel, reduced the number of fruits, and the edible rate and titratable acid content of the fruit were not significantly different, but increased the solid-acid ratio, thereby improving the taste and flavor of the fruit.

[0065] 4. Effects of agricultural enzyme fertilizer on the flavor and nutritional quality of passion fruit

[0066] (1) Aroma components

[0067] The effects of various fertilizers on the aroma components of passion fruit are shown in Table 3.

[0068] Table 3

[0069]

[0070] As can be seen from Table 3, except for the cherry tomato straw (TS) enzyme fertilizer, other enzyme fertilizers increased the types of aroma substances in passion fruit to varying degrees compared with the chemical fertilizer (CF) and clean water (WT) treatments. Among them, the passion fruit straw (PS) + passion fruit peel (PP) enzyme fertilizer treatment had the most significant effect, with a total of 57 types of aroma substances, far more than the 40 types of chemical fertilizer and clean water treatments; the passion fruit peel (PP) enzyme fertilizer treatment effect and the passion fruit straw (PS) enzyme fertilizer treatment effect were relatively close to the PS+PP enzyme fertilizer treatment effect, and the total aroma substances of the two reached 51 and 53 respectively. It can be seen that passion fruit peel enzyme and passion fruit straw enzyme can increase the aroma components of passion fruit, making the aroma substances more diversified and the flavor quality better.

[0071] (2) Nutritional quality

[0072] The effects of various fertilizers on the nutritional components of passion fruit are shown in Table 4.

[0073] Table 4

[0074]

[0075] Note: a, b, c, d, and e in the same column represent significant differences at the P < 0.05 level.

[0076] As can be seen from Table 4, there is no significant difference in magnesium, iron and zinc between passion fruit peel enzyme fertilizer (PP) and chemical fertilizer treatment; but in terms of total sugar and calcium, passion fruit peel enzyme fertilizer treatment is significantly higher than chemical fertilizer treatment; total organic acid content is significantly lower than chemical fertilizer treatment. It can be seen that passion fruit peel enzyme fertilizer treatment can significantly increase the total sugar of passion fruit, significantly reduce the organic acid content, and significantly increase the content of mineral element calcium compared with chemical fertilizer treatment, effectively improving the taste quality and nutritional quality of the fruit.

[0077] (3) Nitrate

[0078] Nitrate content is an important indicator for evaluating fruit quality. When the concentration of nitrite in the human body is too high, it can cause blood hypoxia and produce poisoning reactions; if nitrite combines with secondary amines, it may produce strong carcinogens, nitrosamines, which can induce cancer in the digestive system. Excessive nitrate content in food undoubtedly increases the risk of cancer in the human body. As shown in Table 5, the application of passion fruit peel enzyme fertilizer can significantly reduce the nitrate content of passion fruit fruit; the fruit treated with passion fruit peel enzyme fertilizer has the lowest nitrate content of 243.63 mg / kg; the nitrate content of the fruit treated with clear water is second, at 283.69 mg / kg; the nitrate content of the fruit treated with chemical fertilizer is 317.80 mg / kg; the nitrate content of the fruit treated with passion fruit peel enzyme fertilizer is significantly lower than that of the fruit treated with clear water and chemical fertilizer.

[0079] Table 5

[0080]

[0081] Note: a, b, c, d, and e in the same column represent significant differences at the P < 0.05 level.

[0082] It should be understood that the various forms of processes shown above can be used to reorder, add or delete steps. For example, the steps recorded in this disclosure can be executed in parallel, sequentially or in different orders, as long as the desired results of the technical solution of this disclosure can be achieved, and this document is not limited here.

[0083] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present disclosure, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0084] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, but the protection scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art who is familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present disclosure, which should be included in the protection scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the protection scope of the present disclosure should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for improving the plant growth and fruit quality of passion fruit, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: preparing agricultural enzyme fertilizer; the agricultural enzyme fertilizer comprises Shimamoto bacteria, enzyme raw material, brown sugar and water, and the weight ratio is 0.8~1.2:1.2~1.8:4~6:40~60; the enzyme raw material is selected from passion fruit peel and passion fruit straw; the agricultural enzyme fertilizer is passion fruit peel enzyme fertilizer and passion fruit straw enzyme fertilizer; the preparation of the agricultural enzyme fertilizer specifically comprises the following steps: mixing the Shimamoto bacteria, the enzyme raw material, the brown sugar and the water in proportion, adding them into a sealed can, sealing, and fermenting in an environment without direct sunlight; stirring once a day, adding oxygen 3~4 times, each time for 2~2.5h, and completing the fermentation when the pH and conductivity of the fermentation liquid are stable; S2: planting passion fruit plants using a matrix and compound fertilizer, wherein the matrix includes red soil and coconut bran, and the mass ratio of the two is 1:1; starting to apply the agricultural enzyme fertilizer prepared in step S1 after 15 days, fertilizing the roots and leaves of the passion fruit plants once a week; diluting the agricultural enzyme fertilizer by 14 to 16 times and applying it to the roots of the passion fruit plants, fertilizing 1 to 1.2 L of fertilizer to the roots of each passion fruit plant each time; diluting the agricultural enzyme fertilizer by 9 to 11 times and applying it to the leaves of the passion fruit plants, fertilizing 14 to 16 L of fertilizer to the leaves of the passion fruit plants each time; when using passion fruit peel enzyme fertilizer + passion fruit straw enzyme fertilizer for fertilization, apply passion fruit straw enzyme fertilizer during the vegetative period of the passion fruit plants, and apply passion fruit peel enzyme fertilizer during the reproductive period of the passion fruit plants; S3: The pH, conductivity, total acid content, organic matter content and superoxide dismutase activity of the agricultural enzyme fertilizer prepared in step S1 are measured; and the effects of the agricultural enzyme fertilizer on the leaf length, leaf width, main vine stem thickness, relative chlorophyll content of the leaves, net photosynthetic rate of the leaves, as well as the number of fruits of the passion fruit plants, the longitudinal and transverse diameters of the fruits, the weight of a single fruit, the thickness and hardness of the peel, the soluble solids content of the pulp, the titratable acid content of the pulp, the aroma components of the fruit, and the nitrate content in the fruit are evaluated.

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