Device for improving the fine particle collection capability of cyclone dust collector

Abstract

A device for improving the fine particle collection capacity of a cyclone dust collector belongs to the technical field of environmental dust removal. The purpose of the present invention is to improve the fine particle collection capacity of a cyclone dust collector by arranging a mechanical device that can increase the vortex force inside the dust removal device. The present invention includes a tank body with a cylindrical upper part and a conical lower part, a flue gas inlet, and a slag ash hopper. A particle auxiliary agglomerator is hung in the middle of the tank body column by a locking screw; a discharge pipe is connected to the conical side wall of the tank body, and a circulation reflux control valve is arranged on the discharge pipe. A reflux pipe is connected to the discharge pipe at the front end of the circulation reflux control valve, and the reflux pipe is connected to the upper end of the tank body column. The present invention promotes particle collision to form an agglomerate, improves the agglomeration efficiency, and improves the agglomeration efficiency. The addition of a vortex speed increasing device (particle auxiliary agglomerator) makes the vortex more powerful, which increases the effective separation of smoke and gas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental protection dust removal. Background Art

[0002] At present, with the acceleration of industrialization and the growth of energy consumption, the large-scale burning of fossil fuels, the development of various industrial activities and the treatment of industrial waste are inevitably accompanied by the emission of a large amount of flue gas pollutants. Among these pollutants, fine particulate matter with a diameter of no more than 2.5 microns (PM2.5) is particularly noteworthy. They have become the core issue of air pollution prevention and control due to their long-term suspension in the atmosphere and potential health risks.

[0003] Chinese patent CN112958295B: discloses a fine particle separation device, including a dust collector body, a collecting box is arranged near the center position on the outer surface of the lower end of the dust collector, an annular fixing block is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the upper end of the collecting box, a first slide groove is provided on the outer surface of the upper end of the annular fixing block near the center position, a fixing plate is slidably connected inside the first slide groove, a connecting rod is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the rear end of the fixing plate near the lower end position, and a slide rail is provided on the outer surface of the upper end of the collecting box near one side position. The device uses a slidable scraper and an opening for convenient internal observation, so that the user can see the internal environment clearly during cleaning, thereby improving work efficiency, reducing the user's labor intensity, and facilitating the user to observe the operating status of the internal equipment; the device uses dust-blocking hair to prevent dust from being raised, and then uses a rotating shaft and magnetic powder to clean the dust-blocking hair, thereby improving work efficiency.

[0004] Chinese Patent CN117443606A: An industrial dust removal device is designed, including: a support column, a support plate, a spiral cylinder, an air outlet pipe, an air inlet pipe, an ash outlet and a shrinkage device; the top of the support column is fixedly connected to the bottom of the support plate; a spiral cylinder is placed on the top of the support plate; an air outlet pipe is arranged inside the spiral cylinder; an air inlet pipe is arranged above the spiral cylinder; an ash outlet is arranged below the spiral cylinder; a shrinkage device is sleeved on the outside of the spiral cylinder, and the shrinkage device is used to scale the spiral cylinder; by designing the fixed cylinder into a cylinder with a variable diameter, a more suitable cylinder diameter can be adjusted according to the quality of the dust without changing the processing air volume and the filtration speed, thereby reducing the changes in the processing air volume and the filtration speed, and thus reducing the influence of the processing air volume and the filtration speed on the dust removal efficiency.

[0005] Chinese patent CN217449329U: A cyclone dust collector heating and dust removal device is designed, including a shell and a conical cylinder located below the shell and connected to the shell, the shell is provided with an exhaust gas inlet and an exhaust gas outlet, a cyclone cylinder for exhaust gas circulation is provided in the shell, the bottom end of the cyclone cylinder extends downward toward one end close to the conical cylinder, the exhaust gas inlet is connected to the cyclone cylinder, and a cylinder for heating the cyclone cylinder by introducing high-temperature steam to increase the internal temperature of the conical cylinder is provided on the outside of the conical cylinder. The present application can reduce the possibility of condensation inside the dust collector and improve the dust removal efficiency.

[0006] The above examples are generally based on the cyclone dust removal principle (see Figure 4 ), Figure 4 In the figure, a is the air inlet pipe, b is the conical cylinder, c is the gas rising vortex in the middle, d is the ash discharge port, e is the ash and gas separation area, f is the vortex on the inner wall of the cylinder, g is the cylindrical cylinder, h is the vortex area formed by the side of the exhaust pipe and the inner wall of the cylindrical cylinder, and i is the exhaust port. After the flue gas enters from the air inlet pipe a, two vortices will be formed (the vortex area h formed by the side of the exhaust pipe and the inner wall of the cylindrical cylinder and the vortex f on the inner wall of the cylinder). The vortex has been descending in the cylinder. In the ash and gas separation area e, the solidified matter in the flue gas precipitates and descends to be discharged from the ash discharge port d, while the gas rises in the middle gas rising vortex c and is discharged from the exhaust port i. It can be seen from this structure that the vortex force of the vortex is basically determined by the force of the air inlet pipe a, and only when a certain vortex force is reached can the smoke and gas be separated. However, the existing strength of exhausting smoke is not very certain. When the vortex force is insufficient, the separation effect is often very poor. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to improve the ability of a cyclone dust collector to capture fine particles by arranging a mechanical device inside the dust removal device that can increase the vortex force.

[0008] The present invention comprises a tank body with a cylindrical upper part and a conical lower part, a smoke inlet, and a slag ash hopper, wherein a particle auxiliary agglomerator is mounted on the middle of the cylindrical tank body through a locking screw; a discharge pipe is connected to the conical side wall of the tank body, a circulation reflux control valve is arranged on the discharge pipe, a reflux pipe is connected to the discharge pipe at the front end of the circulation reflux control valve, and the reflux pipe is connected to the cylindrical upper end of the tank body;

[0009] Particle-assisted agglomerator: There is a large particle vortex area between the particle-assisted agglomerator and the inner wall of the tank body. The upper surface of the particle-assisted agglomerator is concave. A purified gas exhaust channel that runs through the center of the particle-assisted agglomerator is provided. A tower-shaped spiral flow channel is provided on the particle-assisted agglomerator surrounding the purified gas exhaust channel. A vortex acceleration flow channel with a cylindrical upper end and a conical lower end is provided on the particle-assisted agglomerator outside the tower-shaped spiral flow channel.

[0010] The present invention promotes particle collision to form agglomerates, improves agglomeration efficiency, and increases agglomeration efficiency. The addition of a vortex speed increasing device (particle auxiliary agglomerator) makes the vortex more powerful, thereby increasing the effective separation of smoke and gas. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0012] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the particle-assisted agglomerator of the present invention;

[0013] Figure 3 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the middle portion of the particle-assisted agglomerator of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the existing smoke and dust separation mechanism and the vortex formation principle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The present invention comprises a tank body 3 with a cylindrical upper portion and a conical lower portion, a flue gas inlet 1, and a slag hopper 4. The tank body 3 is similar in appearance to most existing tank bodies and has basically not changed. A flue gas inlet (flue gas inlet 1) is provided at the upper end of the tank body 3 to connect with the flue gas outlet of the flue gas emission device. The slag hopper 4 at the lower end of the tank body 3 is also substantially the same as that of the existing equipment.

[0016] A particle auxiliary agglomerator 6 is mounted in the cylindrical middle of the tank body 3 via a locking screw 11; the particle auxiliary agglomerator 6 is a device for increasing swirl force (vortex force).

[0017] The conical side wall of the tank body 3 is connected with a reflux pipe 5, and a circulation reflux control valve 10 is arranged on the reflux pipe 5. The discharge pipe 2 is connected to the discharge pipe 5 at the front end of the circulation reflux control valve 10, and the discharge pipe 2 is connected with the cylindrical upper end of the tank body 3. When the gas separated from the inside of the tank body 3 is discharged from the discharge pipe 2, if it is not completely separated, the circulation reflux control valve 10 is closed to allow the gas to continue to flow back from the discharge pipe 5 to the conical inside of the tank body 3 for further separation. If the separated gas meets the discharge requirements, the circulation reflux control valve 10 is opened to discharge the gas in the discharge pipe 2 into the atmosphere. A one-way cover valve is arranged between the discharge pipe 2 and the reflux pipe 5. The one-way cover valve only allows the gas in the discharge pipe 2 to enter the discharge pipe 5, while the gas in the discharge pipe 5 will not enter the discharge pipe 2. In this way, when the circulation reflux control valve 10 is closed, the gas in the discharge pipe 2 squeezes the one-way valve cover and enters the discharge pipe 5. When the circulation reflux control valve 10 is opened, the gas in the discharge pipe 2 will be directly discharged into the atmosphere from the right pipeline without squeezing the one-way valve cover.

[0018] Particle-assisted agglomerator 6: A large particle vortex region 12 is provided between the particle-assisted agglomerator 6 and the inner wall of the tank body 3. The upper surface of the particle-assisted agglomerator 6 is concave. A purified gas exhaust passage 9 is provided in the center of the particle-assisted agglomerator 6 and runs through the upper and lower parts. A tower-shaped spiral flow passage 8 is provided on the particle-assisted agglomerator 6 surrounding the purified gas exhaust passage 9. A vortex acceleration flow passage 7 with a cylindrical upper end and a conical lower end is provided on the particle-assisted agglomerator 6 outside the tower-shaped spiral flow passage 8.

[0019] After the particle-assisted agglomerator 6 is installed, the inner cavity of the tank body 3 is divided into three areas from top to bottom: a swirl area A, a particle aggregation and adhesion area B, and a conical turbulent area C. The particle aggregation and adhesion area B is further divided into a large particle vortex area 12 (the area between the outer wall of the particle-assisted agglomerator 6 and the tank body 3) and an accelerated vortex area (the area between the lower end of the particle-assisted agglomerator 6 and the conical turbulent area C).

[0020] The upper surface of the particle auxiliary agglomerator 6 is set to be concave, which is convenient for collecting gas. Inside, there are independent purified gas exhaust channel 9, tower-shaped spiral flow channel 8 and swirl acceleration flow channel 7 from inside to outside. The purified gas exhaust channel 9 is a cylindrical channel that runs through from top to bottom; the tower-shaped spiral flow channel 8 is a spiral channel with two ends connected to the swirl area A and the accelerated vortex area respectively, from Figure 3 It can be seen from the cross-sectional view that the tower-shaped spiral flow channel 8 is similar to a spring form (the present invention provides three independent swirl channels); it is a through channel with a cylindrical upper end and a conical lower end (eight swirl acceleration flow channels 7 are provided in the figure of the present invention).

[0021] The design of the present invention belongs to the field of environmental protection equipment. In order to cope with the problem of air pollution, especially the emission control of fine particulate matter, my country urgently needs to promote the innovation and development of dust removal technology. The working principle of the equipment is that dust-containing particles such as industrial emissions and combustion smoke enter the internal cyclone area A of the cyclone dust collector through the tangential air inlet 1. When the flue gas enters the cyclone dust collector through the tangential air inlet, the airflow changes from linear motion to circular motion, and the rotating airflow flows downward in a spiral along the inner wall of the dust collector. This is the external cyclone airflow. Among them, large particles generate a large centrifugal force due to their own weight, so they will be close to the inner wall of the dust collector. However, fine particles are light in weight and generate a small centrifugal force, which will be far away from the inner wall. A particle auxiliary agglomerator 6 is added inside the equipment, which is suspended in the inner part of the cyclone dust collector and is 20-30mm away from the barrel wall to ensure that the external cyclone airflow can flow downward to the particle aggregation and adhesion area B through the gap between the particle auxiliary agglomerator 6 and the cyclone dust collector 3. Under the action of the particle-assisted agglomerator 6, the complex turbulent flow field in the upper box of the cyclone dust collector 3 is channelized and guided. The particle-assisted agglomerator 6 is provided with 8 circumferentially evenly distributed swirl acceleration channels 7 and 3 tower-shaped spiral channels 8. The upper end face of the particle-assisted agglomerator 6 is a curved surface that is concave downward by 15-30°, and the fine particles in the outer swirl airflow away from the wall of the cyclone dust collector 3 that are away from the wall due to the small centrifugal force can be introduced into the swirl acceleration channel 7 and the tower-shaped spiral channel 8. The inlet of the swirl acceleration channel 7 presents an oblique inlet that is low near and high far along the center line of the cyclone dust collector 3, so a swirl can be generated. Through the centrifugal action of the swirl acceleration channel 7, on the one hand, it can promote the microparticles to rotate and collide in this channel and then aggregate, and on the other hand, the coarse upper and fine lower structure of the swirl acceleration channel 7 can accelerate the dust-containing gas and finally shoot it to the particle aggregation and adhesion area B. The dust-laden gas entering the tower-shaped spiral flow channel 8 can change its direction, and the airflow discharged from the three tower-shaped spiral flow channels 8 can intersect with the outflow direction of the eight swirl acceleration flow channels 7, which is conducive to the orderly collision between particles and improves the aggregation efficiency. The dust-laden gas passing through the particle auxiliary agglomerator 6 can realize the aggregation of most of the fine particles, and the formed agglomerates will fall downward to the conical turbulent zone C due to their own gravity. At this time, when the external swirling airflow rotating and descending along the inner wall of the cyclone dust collector 3 reaches the cone, it moves closer to the center of the dust collector due to the contraction of the cone. According to the principle of constant rotation moment, its tangential velocity continues to increase, and the centrifugal force on the dust particles continues to increase. When the airflow reaches a certain position at the lower end of the cone, it reverses from the bottom to the top from the middle of the dust collector in the same rotation direction, and continues to make a spiral motion to form an internal swirling airflow. This inner cyclone airflow flows upward from the center line of the cyclone dust collector 3, passes through the purified gas exhaust channel 9 in the middle of the particle auxiliary agglomerator 6, and is discharged outward along the pipeline 2, so a small part of the fine particles that are not captured are also discharged. The circulation reflux control valve 10 analyzes the particles in the discharge pipeline 2 and can open the valve for discharge if the emission index is met.If the emission does not meet the standard, this valve is closed, and the dust-laden gas will be sent to the conical turbulent zone C through the return pipe 5. Because the particle auxiliary agglomerator 6 is still working, the particle agglomerates formed by it will continue to drop fine particles that can adhere to the return pipe 5 and achieve the purpose of removal. At the same time, the addition of the particle auxiliary agglomerator 6 can avoid the return pipe 5 injecting into the cyclone dust collector, increasing the turbulent characteristics of the conical turbulent zone C, causing the particles to be back-mixed in the cyclone zone A, which will reduce the dust removal efficiency.

[0022] Features of the present invention:

[0023] 1. The particle-assisted agglomerator is suspended inside the cyclone dust collector. Because there is a circular channel for ultrafine particle reflow in the middle and there is a gap with the inner wall of the cylinder, it does not affect the operation of the cyclone dust collector. Most of the rotating airflow can be spiraled downward along the wall and the cylinder. The purified gas enters the exhaust pipe after passing through the central circular channel of the particle-assisted agglomerator and is discharged.

[0024] 2. The particle auxiliary agglomerator is equipped with 8 micro-cyclone centrifugal flow channels and 3 tower-shaped spiral flow channels. The 8 micro-cyclone flow channels are evenly distributed, which can make the particles undergo secondary agglomeration. The 3 tower-shaped spiral flow channels can change their outlet direction, directing the dust-laden airflow to the outlets of the 8 micro-cyclone centrifugal flow channels, promoting particle collision to form an agglomerate, and improving the agglomeration efficiency.

[0025] 3. Particle auxiliary aggregation can prevent particles in the lower cone of the cyclone dust collector from mixing back into the upper box of the dust collector, forming a barrier to improve efficiency;

[0026] 4. The plane of the particle aggregation auxiliary device is concave downward by 15-30°, which can cause the particles to fall into the flow channel for strengthening;

[0027] The valve is set according to the particle size requirements for particle discharge. If the emission requirements are met, the particles can be ejected into the atmosphere. If not, the valve body needs to be closed again to allow it to circulate into the lower box of the dust collector again, and adhere to the large particles produced by particle auxiliary aggregation to improve the aggregation efficiency.

Claims

1. A device for improving the fine particle collection capacity of a cyclone dust collector, comprising a tank body (3) with a cylindrical upper portion and a conical lower portion, a flue gas inlet (1), and a slag hopper (4), characterized in that: A particle auxiliary agglomerator (6) is mounted in the middle of the column of the tank body (3) via a locking screw (11); a reflux pipe (5) is connected to the conical side wall of the tank body (3); a circulation reflux control valve (10) is provided on the reflux pipe (5); a discharge pipe (2) is connected to the reflux pipe (5) at the front end of the circulation reflux control valve (10); and the discharge pipe (2) is connected to the upper end of the column of the tank body (3); Particle-assisted agglomerator (6): A large particle vortex region (12) is formed between the particle-assisted agglomerator (6) and the inner wall of the tank body (3). The upper surface of the particle-assisted agglomerator (6) is concave. A purified gas exhaust passage (9) is formed in the center of the particle-assisted agglomerator (6) and is connected vertically. A tower-shaped spiral flow passage (8) is formed on the particle-assisted agglomerator (6) surrounding the purified gas exhaust passage (9). A vortex acceleration flow passage (7) having a cylindrical upper end and a conical lower end is formed on the particle-assisted agglomerator (6) outside the tower-shaped spiral flow passage (8).

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