A kind of boring and grouting pile construction equipment and construction method for complex geological conditions

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of bored pile construction, and specifically to a construction equipment and method for bored piles in complex geology. The bored pile construction equipment includes a drilling machine and a multi-stage drill bit installed on the drilling machine. The multi-stage drill bit includes a rotating drill rod and a plurality of hole expansion rings evenly arranged along the axis direction of the rotating drill rod. The hole expansion ring is installed on the outer ring surface of the rotating drill rod through a connecting rod. A tool holder bar is evenly installed on the bottom of the hole expansion ring. The bottom of the tool holder bar is installed on the outer ring surface of the rotating drill rod. A cutting tool head is evenly installed on the side of the tool holder bar away from the rotating drill rod. The present invention drives the rotating drill rod to rotate through the drilling machine, and the tungsten steel drill bit first drills the foundation, and then the cutting tool head on the tool holder bar with an inclined structure regularly expands the hole one level at a time. After each hole expansion is completed, the hole expansion ring completes the stable hole formation. This process can form a hole in one time, increase the construction efficiency of the drilling, and is easy to operate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of cast-in-place pile construction, in particular to a construction device and a construction method for bored cast-in-place piles in complex geology. Background Art

[0002] In engineering construction, bored piles are usually used as bearing foundations or retaining structures. However, construction sites often have complex geological foundations such as slag, boulders, isolated rocks, and water-rich soils. The common construction steps for bored pile construction on complex geological foundations are: first clean the construction site, then drill holes in the construction site; if the construction site is difficult to clean, first excavate to a certain depth to set up a pile driving platform, then bury the impact drill casing, use the impact drill to drill the hole, bury the casing after drilling to a certain depth, continue to impact the hole, wait until the upper slag is completely flushed and squeezed into the clay on both sides of the pile hole, and then replace it with a rotary drill to drill to the designed pile bottom elevation.

[0003] During the construction of traditional bored piles, the drill bit of the rotary drilling rig is unable to complete the bored pile hole in one go, and the drill bit needs to be replaced frequently. It is also difficult to complete the bored pile hole with a larger hole diameter, which greatly slows down the drilling efficiency, resulting in poor quality of bored pile holes, delaying the construction period and increasing construction costs.

[0004] In addition, during the drilling construction of bored cast-in-place piles, since a large amount of debris such as soil or gravel will be generated during the drilling construction, it is necessary to stop the drilling operation and use mud flushing and manual cleaning to clean up the debris. If the debris is not cleaned up in time, it will affect the drilling footage. The above operation method is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and seriously affects the drilling efficiency. At the same time, during the drilling process, the stability of the borehole will be affected by the inclusion of debris on its side wall, and the side wall of the borehole is prone to large upper and lower dimensional deviations and loose side walls of the borehole, which makes the borehole have the risk of collapse. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention adopts the following technical scheme to solve the above-mentioned technical problems: a complex geological bored pile construction equipment, including a drilling rig and a multi-stage drill bit installed on the drilling rig, the multi-stage drill bit including a rotating drill rod and a tungsten steel drill bit installed at the bottom of the rotating drill rod, the multi-stage drill bit also includes a plurality of hole expansion rings evenly arranged along the axial direction of the rotating drill rod, the number of hole expansion rings is greater than or equal to three, the hole expansion rings are installed on the outer ring surface of the rotating drill rod through a connecting rod, the bottom of the hole expansion ring is evenly installed with a tool holder bar, the bottom of the tool holder bar is installed on the outer ring surface of the rotating drill rod, and the side of the tool holder bar away from the rotating drill rod is evenly installed with a cutting bit.

[0006] The rotary drill rod is a hollow structure, and a grouting pipe is installed inside the rotary drill rod through a waterproof bearing. A supporting platform is provided at the lower end of the rotary drill rod, and the bottom of the grouting pipe is rotatably installed on the supporting platform. The supporting platform is provided with a plurality of conduction holes for conducting slurry. The rotary drill rod is driven to rotate by the drilling rig, and the grouting pipe is connected to the liquid outlet pipe of an external grouting pump, so that the rotary drill rod and the grouting pipe rotate relative to each other.

[0007] The size of the expansion ring increases from bottom to top, and a plurality of pressure-stabilizing components are evenly installed in the top expansion ring, and a plurality of insertion components are installed in the remaining expansion rings. The insertion components are used to loosen the side walls of the drill hole to facilitate the expansion of the drill hole by the tool holder bar adjacent to the upper part thereof, and the pressure-stabilizing components are used to compact the drill hole.

[0008] Preferably, the insertion assembly includes an insertion slot provided on the hole expansion ring, an insertion rod is slidably arranged in the insertion slot, one end of the insertion rod located in the hole expansion ring is installed on the insertion support plate, a transmission rod is installed on the side of the insertion support plate close to the rotating drill rod, the transmission rod slides through the rotating drill rod, a return sleeve is slidably connected to the middle outer side surface of the transmission rod, the end of the return sleeve close to the rotating drill rod is fixedly installed on the outer ring surface of the rotating drill rod, the position of the transmission rod in the return sleeve is connected to the return sleeve through a return spring, and top blocks are evenly arranged on the outer side surface of the grouting pipe corresponding to the position of the transmission rod.

[0009] Preferably, the insertion slot provided in the insertion assembly on the lowermost reaming ring is a square structure, the insertion rod in the insertion slot cooperates with the structure of the insertion slot, the insertion slots provided in the insertion assembly on the remaining reaming rings are multiple and evenly arranged up and down, and the insertion slots and insertion rods provided in the insertion assembly on the remaining reaming rings are both circular structures.

[0010] Preferably, the ends of the penetration rods away from the rotating drill rod are all pointed structures, and the lengths of the multiple circular penetration rods on the penetration assembly decrease from top to bottom.

[0011] Preferably, a plurality of stirring blades are evenly arranged in the top expansion ring, and the stirring blades are arranged to be tilted downward on one side corresponding to the rotation direction.

[0012] Preferably, the lower end of the support platform is set as a conical structure, the tungsten steel drill bit is set on the side of the conical structure of the support platform, the conduction hole includes a conduction main hole and a conduction branch hole, the upper end of the conduction main hole is located in the grouting pipe, the lower end of the conduction main hole extends to the outer side of the upper end of the conical structure of the support platform, the upper end of the conduction branch hole is connected with the lower side of the middle part of the conduction main hole, and the lower end of the conduction branch hole extends to the lower end of the conical structure of the support platform and the lower end of the conduction branch hole is directly opposite to the tungsten steel drill bit.

[0013] Preferably, the pressure stabilizing assembly includes a T-shaped column arranged in the uppermost hole expansion ring, the transverse section of the T-shaped column slides through the rotating drill rod, the longitudinal section of the T-shaped column is installed on the side of the rotating drill rod close to the side of the rotating drill rod through a reset elastic column, the longitudinal section of the T-shaped column is vertically slidably connected to the side of the rotating drill rod away from the rotating drill rod, an arc groove is provided on the outer side of the uppermost hole expansion ring, one end of the pushing column away from the rotating drill rod passes through the uppermost hole expansion ring and is installed with an arc-shaped push plate, the arc-shaped push plate is located in the arc groove, track plates are slidably connected on both sides of the middle of the pushing column, the track plates are installed on the side of the uppermost hole expansion ring, and a pushing protrusion is provided on the outer side of the grouting pipe corresponding to the end of the transverse section of the T-shaped column.

[0014] Preferably, a track groove is provided on the track plate, the track groove is arranged to be tilted upward away from one end of the rotating drill rod, and a guide rod slidingly fitted in the track groove is installed on the side of the push column.

[0015] Preferably, a scraping groove is provided on the outer ring surface of the expansion ring at the upper end and below each arc groove. The scraping groove is an arc structure, and a plurality of arc scrapers are evenly arranged along the arc structure in the scraping groove. The upper end of the arc scraper is hinged to the upper side wall of the scraping groove, and the arc scraper is installed on the inner wall of the scraping groove through a return elastic member. The bottom of the arc scraper is a pointed structure and is arranged to be inclined outward.

[0016] Preferably, a method for constructing bored piles using bored pile construction equipment in complex geology comprises the following steps: S1: firstly, the drilling position is calculated and determined according to the design coordinates of the bored pile column, and then the circulation pool, slurry storage pool and sedimentation pool of the mud circulation system are excavated.

[0017] S2: After the preparation work is completed, the drilling rig is driven to the bored pile drilling position, and then the casing is buried outside the bored pile, and the protective slurry is poured into the casing. Then the upper end of the rotating drill rod on the multi-stage drill bit is connected to the rotating part of the drilling rig, and the grouting pipe is connected to the outlet pipe of the external grouting pump, and the grouting pump is allowed to draw mud from the slurry storage tank.

[0018] S3: Control the drilling rig to drive the rotating drill rod to rotate. The tungsten steel drill bit can first drill holes in the foundation, and then the cutting head on the tool holder bar of the inclined structure regularly expands the hole step by step. The expansion ring stabilizes the hole, so that the bored pile can be drilled in one time.

[0019] S4: After the bored pile construction is completed, the drilling rig and the multi-stage drill bit are removed from the borehole, and the borehole is cleaned by pump suction reverse circulation; then the pre-made steel cage is hoisted into the borehole by a crane, and the grouting conduit is installed.

[0020] S5: Pour concrete into the borehole through the pouring conduit, then cure the concrete in the borehole to form it, finally remove the casing and remove part of the surface slurry layer, thereby completing the construction of bored piles.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The present invention drives the rotary drill rod to rotate through the drilling rig, and the tungsten steel drill bit first drills the foundation, and then the cutting head on the tool holder bar of the inclined structure regularly expands the hole step by step. After each expansion is completed, the expansion ring completes the stable hole formation. This process can complete the hole formation in one time, increase the construction efficiency of the drilling, and is easy to operate.

[0022] 2. The mud of the present invention is divided into two paths in the middle of the conduction main hole, one of which conducts the mud to the position of the tungsten steel drill bit through the conduction branch hole, thereby cooling the tungsten steel drill bit and lifting up the debris generated by drilling. The other slurry continues to conduct the drilled debris upward through the lower end of the conduction main hole with an arc structure. At the same time, the inclined stirring blades can conduct the slurry in the borehole upward when rotating with the expansion ring. The lower end of the conduction main hole conducts the drilled debris upward and cooperates with the stirring blades to continuously discharge the drilled debris upward, thereby preventing the drilled debris from accumulating at the bottom of the borehole and affecting the drilling construction.

[0023] 3. The penetration component of the present invention pre-scrapes the position that needs to be enlarged by puncturing, thereby facilitating the adjacent tool holder bar above it to enlarge the drilled hole. The present invention sets the lowest penetration rod as a square structure, so that the penetration rod scrapes the position of the first enlargement of the drilled hole. The square structure of the penetration rod makes the side wall of the drilled hole easier to loosen, and because the drilled hole needs to be enlarged multiple times at this time, the scraping of the side wall of the drilled hole by the square structure of the penetration rod will not affect the final size of the drilled hole; and the remaining circular structure of the penetration rod has a smaller scraping force on the side wall, thereby preventing the drilled hole from collapsing to a greater extent due to the larger scraping force and affecting the final size of the drilled hole.

[0024] Fourth, in the present invention, after the topmost tool holder bar has expanded the borehole for the last time, the arc scraper contacts the side wall of the borehole. When there are debris on the side wall of the borehole, the arc scraper can scrape it off. If the debris in the borehole is too dense, the arc scraper will rotate toward the side wall of the borehole when cleaning it, so that the pointed structure at the bottom of the arc scraper is more deeply inserted into the side wall of the borehole, so that the densely mixed debris can be cleaned up.

[0025] 5. In the present invention, the transverse section of the T-shaped column is driven by the pushing protrusion to move the pushing column toward the side wall of the borehole. When the pushing column moves toward the side wall of the borehole, it gradually moves upward under the action of the track groove on the track plate, thereby causing the arc-shaped push plate to move toward the side wall of the borehole and also move upward. The arc-shaped push plate can not only compact the soil on the side wall of the borehole, but also push the excess soil upward, so that the size of the side wall of the borehole will not have a large deviation, thereby increasing the stability of the borehole. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the multi-stage drill bit of the present invention from a first viewing angle.

[0028] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the multi-stage drill bit of the present invention from a second viewing angle.

[0029] Figure 3 It is a front cross-sectional view of the multi-stage drill bit of the present invention after removing the uppermost hole expansion ring and the pressure stabilizing assembly.

[0030] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of point M in the middle.

[0031] Figure 5 It is a top view of a cross section of a rotating drill rod, a hole expansion ring in the middle and an interpenetrating assembly in a multi-stage drill bit of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 6 It is a front cross-sectional view of the rotating drill rod, the uppermost hole expansion ring and the pressure stabilizing assembly in the multi-stage drill bit of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 A partial enlarged view of point N in the middle.

[0034] Figure 8 It is a top view of a cross section between a rotating drill rod, an uppermost hole expansion ring and a pressure stabilizing assembly in a multi-stage drill bit of the present invention.

[0035] Fig. 9 It is a structural diagram of the track plate, track groove and guide rod in the multi-stage drill bit of the present invention.

[0036] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the construction of bored piles according to the present invention.

[0037] In the figure: 1. drilling machine; 2. rotating drill rod; 21. grouting pipe; 22. supporting platform; 23. conduction hole; 231. conduction main hole; 232. conduction branch hole; 24. top block; 25. pushing protrusion; 3. tungsten steel drill bit; 4. expansion ring; 41. connecting rod; 42. stirring blade; 43. scraping groove; 44. arc scraper; 5. tool holder strip; 51. cutting tool head; 6. pressure stabilizing assembly; 61. T-column; 62. pushing column; 63. arc groove; 64. arc push plate; 65. track plate; 66. track groove; 67. guide rod; 68. return elastic column; 7. insertion assembly; 71. insertion slot; 72. insertion rod; 73. insertion support plate; 74. transmission rod; 75. return sleeve; 76. return spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Fig.10 A construction equipment for bored piles in complex geology includes a drilling machine 1, a multi-stage drill bit installed on the drilling machine 1, the multi-stage drill bit includes a rotating drill rod 2, a tungsten steel drill bit 3 installed at the bottom of the rotating drill rod 2, and the multi-stage drill bit also includes a plurality of expansion rings 4 evenly arranged along the axis direction of the rotating drill rod 2, the number of the expansion rings 4 is greater than or equal to three, the expansion rings 4 are installed on the outer ring surface of the rotating drill rod 2 through a connecting rod 41, the size of the expansion ring 4 increases from bottom to top, and a tool holder strip 5 is evenly installed at the bottom of the expansion ring 4. The bottom of the frame bar 5 is installed on the outer ring surface of the rotating drill rod 2. The tool holder bar 5 is an inclined structure with the upper end expanded outward. The side of the tool holder bar 5 away from the rotating drill rod 2 is evenly installed with cutting bits 51. The present invention drives the rotating drill rod 2 to rotate through the drilling rig 1. The tungsten steel drill bit 3 first drills the foundation, and then the cutting bit 51 on the tool holder bar 5 with an inclined structure regularly expands the hole step by step. Each time the hole is expanded, the expanding ring 4 completes the stable hole formation. This process can complete one-time hole formation, and the principle is simple and the operation is convenient.

[0040] Specifically, when the position of the bored pile is determined and all preparatory work is completed, the drilling rig 1 is driven to the position where the bored pile needs to be drilled, and then the upper end of the rotating drill rod 2 on the multi-stage drill bit is connected to the rotating part of the drilling rig 1, and then the rotating drill rod 2 is controlled to rotate, and the tungsten steel drill bit 3 can first drill a hole in the foundation, and then the cutting head 51 on the tool holder bar 5 with an inclined structure regularly expands the hole step by step, and the expanding ring 4 stabilizes the hole, so that the bored pile can be drilled in one time.

[0041] See also Figure 2 and Figure 3 The rotary drill rod 2 is a hollow structure, and a grouting pipe 21 is installed inside the rotary drill rod 2 through a waterproof bearing. A supporting platform 22 is provided at the lower end of the rotary drill rod 2, and the bottom of the grouting pipe 21 is rotatably installed on the supporting platform 22. The supporting platform 22 is provided with a plurality of conduction holes 23 for conducting slurry. The rotary drill rod 2 is driven to rotate by the drilling rig 1, and the grouting pipe 21 is connected to the liquid outlet pipe of the external grouting pump, so that the rotary drill rod 2 and the grouting pipe 21 rotate relative to each other; the present invention connects the grouting pipe 21 with the external grouting pipeline, so that the mud can fill the borehole, and the mud can be evenly conducted to the bottom of the borehole through the plurality of conduction holes 23, so as to facilitate the protection of the parts of the multi-stage drill bit, and at the same time, the debris drilled is conducted upward, and the debris is led out of the borehole through a preset channel, and because the grouting pipe 21 does not rotate, the grouting pipeline will not be twisted.

[0042] It can be understood that the drilling rig 1 adopts the existing drilling machine, and the working end of the drilling rig 1 is provided with a working platform board that can be adjusted in height. A clamping end is rotatably installed at the bottom of the working platform board, and the clamping end is driven to rotate by an external belt conveyor. The clamping end is used to lock the upper end of the rotating drill rod 2. At this time, the grouting pipe 21 extends to the upper side of the working platform board, and the grouting pipe 21 is connected to the external grouting pipeline. The working principle, control method and structure of the drilling rig 1 belong to the existing technology and will not be elaborated here.

[0043] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3The lower end of the support platform 22 is set as a conical structure, the tungsten steel drill bit 3 is set on the side of the conical structure of the support platform 22, the conduction hole 23 includes a conduction main hole 231 and a conduction branch hole 232, the upper end of the conduction main hole 231 is located in the grouting pipe 21, the lower end of the conduction main hole 231 extends to the outer side of the upper end of the conical structure of the support platform 22, the upper end of the conduction branch hole 232 is connected with the lower side of the middle part of the conduction main hole 231, and the lower end of the conduction branch hole 232 extends to the lower end of the conical structure of the support platform 22 and the lower end of the conduction branch hole 232 is directly opposite to the tungsten steel drill bit 3. The present invention can conduct mud to the position of the tungsten steel drill bit 3 through the conduction main hole 231 and the conduction branch hole 232, and the structural setting of the conduction main hole 231 and the conduction branch hole 232 facilitates the mud to conduct the drilled debris upward.

[0044] Specifically, when the present invention performs drilling construction on the foundation, the grouting pump is turned on to conduct the mud to the conductive main hole 231 through the grouting pipe 21. The lower end of the conductive main hole 231 is arranged outside the upper end of the conical structure of the support platform 22, and the conductive main hole 231 is an arc-shaped structure, so that the mud is divided into two paths in the conductive main hole 231, one of which conducts the mud to the position of the tungsten steel drill bit 3 through the conductive branch hole 232, thereby cooling the tungsten steel drill bit 3 and lifting the debris generated by drilling. The other slurry continues to conduct the drilled debris upward through the lower end of the conductive main hole 231 with an arc structure.

[0045] See also Figure 2 and Figure 3 A plurality of stirring blades 42 are evenly arranged in the top reaming ring 4. The stirring blades 42 are arranged to be tilted downward on one side corresponding to the rotation direction thereof. The tilted stirring blades 42 can conduct the slurry in the borehole upward when rotating with the reaming ring 4, and then conduct the drilled debris upward at the lower end of the conduction main hole 231 while cooperating with the stirring blades 42, so that the drilled debris is continuously discharged upward, thereby preventing the drilled debris from accumulating at the bottom of the borehole and affecting the drilling construction.

[0046] See also Figure 1 A plurality of voltage-stabilizing components 6 are evenly installed in the top expansion ring 4, and a plurality of insertion components 7 are installed in the remaining expansion rings 4. The insertion components 7 are used to scrape the side wall of the borehole to make it easier for the tool holder bar 5 adjacent to the upper part to expand the borehole and prevent the situation where the footage is difficult. The voltage-stabilizing components 6 are used to compact the borehole to prevent the borehole from collapsing and other problems.

[0047] See also Figure 3-Figure 5The insertion assembly 7 includes a insertion slot 71 opened on the hole expansion ring 4, an insertion rod 72 is slidably arranged in the insertion slot 71, and one end of the insertion rod 72 located in the hole expansion ring 4 is installed on the insertion support plate 73, and a transmission rod 74 is installed on the side of the insertion support plate 73 close to the rotating drill rod 2, and the transmission rod 74 slides through the rotating drill rod 2. A return sleeve 75 is slidably connected to the outer side surface of the middle part of the transmission rod 74, and the return sleeve 75 is fixedly installed on the outer ring surface of the rotating drill rod 2 at one end near the rotating drill rod 2. The position of the transmission rod 74 located in the return sleeve 75 is connected to the return sleeve 75 through a return spring 76, and the outer side surface of the grouting pipe 21 is evenly provided with a top block 24 corresponding to the position of the transmission rod 74. The insertion assembly 7 pre-scrapes the position where the hole needs to be expanded by puncturing, so as to facilitate the adjacent tool holder strip 5 above it to expand the drill hole.

[0048] Specifically, when the multi-stage drill bit is drilling the foundation, the tungsten steel drill bit 3 first drills the foundation, and then the cutting head 51 on the lowest tool holder bar 5 expands the borehole, and then the lowest expansion ring 4 compacts the expanded borehole to stabilize the hole. During the process of the lowest expansion ring 4 stabilizing the hole, the rotating drill rod 2 drives all parts except the grouting pipe 21 to rotate synchronously. At this time, the transmission rod 74 will contact the top block 24 on the grouting pipe 21, so that the transmission rod 74 moves away from the grouting pipe 21 under the guidance of the top block 24. The transmission rod 74 drives the insertion rod 72 to move synchronously through the insertion support plate 73, so that the insertion rod 72 extends out of the insertion slot 71, and then is inserted into the side wall of the drilled hole after expansion, so that the side wall of the drilled hole is punctured and scraped, so that the adjacent tool holder bar 5 above the insertion component 7 can further expand the borehole.

[0049] See also Figure 5 For example, in the present invention, the top block 24 is a hemispherical structure, so that the top block 24 will not conflict with the side of the transmission rod 74 to cause the transmission rod 74 to be unable to be ejected.

[0050] See also Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4The insertion slot 71 provided by the insertion assembly 7 on the bottom end of the reaming ring 4 is a square structure, and the insertion rod 72 in the insertion slot 71 cooperates with the structure of the insertion slot 71. The insertion slots 71 provided by the insertion assembly 7 on the remaining reaming rings 4 are multiple and evenly arranged up and down, and the insertion slots 71 and the insertion rods 72 provided by the insertion assembly 7 on the remaining reaming rings 4 are both circular structures; the ends of the insertion rods 72 away from the rotating drill rod 2 are all pointed structures, and the lengths of the multiple circular structure insertion rods 72 on the insertion assembly 7 decrease from top to bottom; the present invention sets the bottom end of the insertion rod 72 to a square structure, and the insertion rod 72 scrapes the position of the first expansion of the borehole. The square-structured penetration rods 72 make the side walls of the borehole easier to loosen. Since the borehole needs to be expanded multiple times at this time, the scraping of the side walls of the borehole by the square-structured penetration rods 72 will not affect the final size of the borehole. The remaining circular-structured penetration rods 72 have a smaller scraping force on the side walls, thereby preventing the borehole from collapsing to a greater extent due to a larger scraping force, thereby affecting the final size of the borehole. The lengths of the multiple circular-structured penetration rods 72 decrease from top to bottom, so that the present invention can gradually scrape the borehole in the middle of the rotating drill rod 2.

[0051] See also Figure 6 , Figure 8 and Fig. 9 The pressure stabilizing assembly 6 includes a T-shaped column 61 arranged in the uppermost expansion ring 4, the transverse section of the T-shaped column 61 slides through the rotating drill rod 2, the longitudinal section of the T-shaped column 61 is installed on the side of the rotating drill rod 2 near the side of the rotating drill rod 2 through the resetting elastic column 68, the longitudinal section of the T-shaped column 61 is vertically slidably connected to the side of the rotating drill rod 2 away from the rotating drill rod 2 with a pushing column 62, an arc groove 63 is provided on the outer side of the uppermost expansion ring 4, one end of the pushing column 62 away from the rotating drill rod 2 passes through the uppermost expansion ring 4 and is installed with an arc push plate 64, the arc push plate 64 is located in the arc groove 63, and the middle of the pushing column 62 is slidably connected to track plates 65 on both sides, and the track plate 65 is installed at the uppermost On the side of the expansion ring 4 at the upper end, a pushing protrusion 25 is provided on the outer side surface of the grouting pipe 21 corresponding to one end of the transverse section of the T-shaped column 61, and a track groove 66 is provided on the track plate 65. The track groove 66 is arranged upwardly inclined away from the end of the rotating drill rod 2, and a guide rod 67 slidingly fitted in the track groove 66 is installed on the side of the pushing column 62; the pressure stabilizing component 6 adopts a method of pressing and leveling the side wall of the borehole to increase the stability of the borehole, thereby making it less likely for the borehole to collapse. In addition, the arc-shaped push plate 64 on the pressure stabilizing component 6 moves upward while pressing the side wall of the borehole, so that the size of the inner wall of the borehole will not have a large deviation, thereby further increasing the stability of the borehole.

[0052] Specifically, after the top tool holder bar 5 has expanded the borehole for the last time, the T-shaped column 61 rotates with the expanding ring 4, and the transverse section of the T-shaped column 61 is driven by the pushing protrusion 25 to drive the pushing column 62 to move toward the side wall of the borehole. When the pushing column 62 moves toward the side wall of the borehole, it gradually moves upward under the action of the track groove 66 on the track plate 65, thereby causing the arc-shaped push plate 64 to move toward the side wall of the borehole and also move upward. The arc-shaped push plate 64 can not only compact the soil on the side wall of the borehole, but also push the excess soil upward, so that the size of the side wall of the borehole will not have a large deviation, thereby increasing the stability of the borehole.

[0053] See also Figure 6 and Figure 7 Due to the complex geology of the foundation, there are often debris such as stones and grass roots on the side walls of the borehole, which will seriously affect the hole-forming effect of the borehole. Therefore, the present invention adopts a method of clearing the debris on the side walls of the borehole before compacting the side walls of the borehole to increase the stability of the borehole. A scraping groove 43 is provided on the outer ring surface of the uppermost expansion ring 4 and below each arc groove 63. The scraping groove 43 is an arc structure, and a plurality of arc scrapers 44 are evenly arranged along the arc structure in the scraping groove 43. The upper end of the arc scraper 44 is hinged to the upper side wall of the scraping groove 43, and the arc scraper 44 is installed on the inner wall of the scraping groove 43 through a return elastic member. The bottom of the arc scraper 44 is a pointed structure and is arranged to be inclined outward.

[0054] For example, see Figure 7 In order to prevent the arc scraper 44 from getting stuck on the side wall of the scraping groove 43 during rotation, an arc connecting plate is provided on the upper side wall of the scraping groove 43, and the scraping groove 43 is hinged on the lower side of the arc connecting plate.

[0055] Specifically, after the top tool holder bar 5 has expanded the borehole for the last time, the arc scraper 44 first contacts the side wall of the borehole. When there is debris on the side wall of the borehole, the arc scraper 44 can scrape it off. If the debris in the borehole is too dense, when cleaning it, the arc scraper 44 will rotate toward the side wall of the borehole, so that the pointed structure at the bottom of the arc scraper 44 is more deeply inserted into the side wall of the borehole, so that the densely mixed debris can be cleaned up.

[0056] In addition, the present invention also provides a method for constructing bored piles using bored pile construction equipment in complex geology, comprising the following steps: S1: firstly calculating and determining the drilling position of the bored pile column according to its design coordinates, and then digging a circulation pool, a slurry storage pool and a sedimentation pool of the mud circulation system.

[0057] S2: After the preparation work is completed, the drilling machine 1 is driven to the drilling position of the bored pile, and then a casing is buried at the outer position of the bored pile, and protective slurry is poured into the casing, and then the upper end of the rotating drill rod 2 on the multi-stage drill bit is connected to the rotating part of the drilling machine 1, and the grouting pipe 21 is connected to the liquid outlet pipe of the external grouting pump, and the grouting pump draws mud from the slurry storage tank.

[0058] S3: Control the drilling machine 1 to drive the rotary drill rod 2 to rotate, the tungsten steel drill bit 3 first drills the foundation, and then the cutting bit 51 on the inclined tool holder bar 5 regularly expands the hole step by step, and the expansion ring 4 stabilizes the hole, so that the bored pile can be drilled in one time.

[0059] S31: When drilling construction is carried out on the foundation, the grouting pump is turned on to conduct the mud to the conductive main hole 231 through the grouting pipe 21. Since the lower end of the conductive main hole 231 is arranged on the outer side of the upper end of the conical structure of the supporting platform 22, and the conductive main hole 231 is an arc-shaped structure, the mud is divided into two paths in the middle part of the conductive main hole 231. One path conducts the mud to the position of the tungsten steel drill bit 3 through the conductive branch hole 232, thereby cooling the tungsten steel drill bit 3 and lifting the debris generated by drilling. The other path of slurry continues to conduct the drilled debris upward through the lower end of the conductive main hole 231 with an arc-shaped structure.

[0060] S32: During the process of the bottom expansion ring 4 stabilizing the borehole after expansion, the rotating drill rod 2 drives all parts except the grouting pipe 21 to rotate synchronously. At this time, the transmission rod 74 will contact the top block 24 on the grouting pipe 21, so that the transmission rod 74 moves away from the grouting pipe 21 under the guidance of the top block 24, and the transmission rod 74 drives the insertion rod 72 to move synchronously through the insertion support plate 73, so that the insertion rod 72 extends out of the insertion slot 71 on the expansion ring 4, and then the insertion rod 72 is inserted into the side wall of the borehole after expansion, so that the side wall of the borehole is punctured and scraped, so that the adjacent tool holder bar 5 above the insertion component 7 can further expand the borehole.

[0061] S33: After the top tool holder bar 5 has expanded the borehole for the last time, the arc scraper 44 first contacts the side wall of the borehole. When there are debris on the side wall of the borehole, the arc scraper 44 can scrape it off. If the debris in the borehole is too dense, the arc scraper 44 will rotate toward the side wall of the borehole when cleaning it, so that the pointed structure at the bottom of the arc scraper 44 is more deeply inserted into the side wall of the borehole, so that the densely mixed debris can be cleaned up.

[0062] S331: After the top tool holder bar 5 has expanded the hole for the last time, as the T-shaped column 61 rotates with the expanding ring 4, the lateral section of the T-shaped column 61 is driven by the pushing protrusion 25 to drive the pushing column 62 to move toward the side wall of the hole. When the pushing column 62 moves toward the side wall of the hole, it gradually moves upward under the action of the track groove 66 on the track plate 65, thereby causing the arc-shaped push plate 64 to move toward the side wall of the hole and also move upward. The arc-shaped push plate 64 can not only compact the soil on the side wall of the hole, but also push the excess soil upward, so that the size of the side wall of the hole will not have a large deviation, thereby increasing the stability of the hole.

[0063] S4: After the bored pile construction is completed, the drilling machine 1 and the multi-stage drill bit are removed from the borehole, and the borehole is cleaned by pump suction reverse circulation; then the pre-made steel cage is hoisted into the borehole by a crane, and the grouting conduit is installed.

[0064] S5: Pour concrete into the borehole through the pouring conduit, then cure the concrete in the borehole to form it, finally remove the casing and remove part of the surface slurry layer, thereby completing the construction of bored piles.

[0065] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A bored pile construction device for complex geology, comprising a drilling machine (1), a multi-stage drill bit installed on the drilling machine (1), the multi-stage drill bit comprising a rotating drill rod (2), a tungsten steel drill bit (3) installed at the bottom of the rotating drill rod (2), characterized in that: The multi-stage drill bit also includes expansion rings (4) uniformly arranged along the axis direction of the rotating drill rod (2), the number of the expansion rings (4) being greater than or equal to three, the expansion rings (4) being mounted on the outer ring surface of the rotating drill rod (2) via a connecting rod (41), a tool holder bar (5) being uniformly mounted at the bottom of each expansion ring (4), the bottom of the tool holder bar (5) being mounted on the outer ring surface of the rotating drill rod (2), the tool holder bar (5) being an inclined structure with an outward expansion at the upper end, and a cutting tool head (51) being uniformly mounted on the side of the tool holder bar (5) away from the rotating drill rod (2); The rotary drill rod (2) is a hollow structure. A grouting pipe (21) is installed inside the rotary drill rod (2) via a waterproof bearing. A support platform (22) is provided at the lower end of the rotary drill rod (2). The bottom of the grouting pipe (21) is rotatably installed on the support platform (22). The support platform (22) is provided with a plurality of conduction holes (23) for conducting slurry. The rotary drill rod (2) is driven to rotate by the drilling machine (1). The grouting pipe (21) is connected to a liquid outlet pipe of an external grouting pump, so that the rotary drill rod (2) and the grouting pipe (21) rotate relative to each other. The size of the expansion ring (4) increases from bottom to top, a plurality of pressure stabilizing components (6) are evenly installed in the top expansion ring (4), and a plurality of insertion components (7) are installed in the remaining expansion rings (4). The insertion components (7) are used to scrape and loosen the side wall of the drill hole to facilitate the tool holder bar (5) adjacent to the upper part to expand the drill hole, and the pressure stabilizing components (6) are used to compact the drill hole; The pressure stabilizing assembly (6) comprises a T-shaped column (61) arranged in the uppermost expansion ring (4); the transverse section of the T-shaped column (61) slides through the rotating drill rod (2); the longitudinal section of the T-shaped column (61) is installed on the side of the rotating drill rod (2) through a return elastic column (68) near the side of the rotating drill rod (2); the longitudinal section of the T-shaped column (61) is vertically slidably connected to the side of the rotating drill rod (2) away from the side of the rotating drill rod (2) with a pushing column (62); the outer side surface of the uppermost expansion ring (4) is provided with a An arc groove (63) is provided, and one end of the push column (62) away from the rotating drill rod (2) passes through the uppermost expansion ring (4) and is installed with an arc push plate (64), the arc push plate (64) is located in the arc groove (63), and track plates (65) are slidably connected on both sides of the middle part of the push column (62), and the track plate (65) is installed on the side of the uppermost expansion ring (4), and a push protrusion (25) is provided on the outer side surface of the grouting pipe (21) corresponding to one end of the transverse section of the T-shaped column (61).

2. The complex geological bored pile construction equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The insertion assembly (7) comprises a insertion slot (71) provided on the hole expansion ring (4), an insertion rod (72) being slidably arranged in the insertion slot (71), one end of the insertion rod (72) located in the hole expansion ring (4) being mounted on an insertion support plate (73), a transmission rod (74) being mounted on the side of the insertion support plate (73) close to the rotating drill rod (2), the transmission rod (74) slidingly passing through the rotating drill rod (2), a return sleeve (75) being slidably connected to the outer side surface of the middle part of the transmission rod (74), one end of the return sleeve (75) close to the rotating drill rod (2) being fixedly mounted on the outer ring surface of the rotating drill rod (2), the position of the transmission rod (74) located in the return sleeve (75) being connected to the return sleeve (75) via a return spring (76), and a top block (24) being evenly arranged on the outer side surface of the grouting pipe (21) corresponding to the position of the transmission rod (74).

3. The complex geological bored pile construction equipment according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The insertion slot (71) provided in the insertion assembly (7) on the bottommost expansion ring (4) is a square structure, and the insertion rod (72) in the insertion slot (71) matches the structure of the insertion slot (71). The insertion slots (71) provided in the insertion assembly (7) on the remaining expansion rings (4) are multiple and evenly arranged up and down, and the insertion slots (71) and the insertion rods (72) provided in the insertion assembly (7) on the remaining expansion rings (4) are both circular structures.

4. The complex geological bored pile construction equipment according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The ends of the penetration rods (72) away from the rotating drill rod (2) are all pointed structures, and the lengths of the multiple circular penetration rods (72) on the penetration assembly (7) decrease from top to bottom.

5. The complex geological bored pile construction equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A plurality of stirring blades (42) are evenly arranged in the uppermost expansion ring (4), and the stirring blades (42) are arranged to be tilted downward on one side corresponding to the rotation direction thereof.

6. The complex geological bored pile construction equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the support platform (22) is arranged as a conical structure, the tungsten steel drill bit (3) is arranged on the side of the conical structure of the support platform (22), the conduction hole (23) comprises a conduction main hole (231) and a conduction branch hole (232), the upper end of the conduction main hole (231) is located in the grouting pipe (21), the lower end of the conduction main hole (231) extends to the outer side of the upper end of the conical structure of the support platform (22), the upper end of the conduction branch hole (232) is connected to the lower side of the middle part of the conduction main hole (231), and the lower end of the conduction branch hole (232) extends to the lower end of the conical structure of the support platform (22), and the lower end of the conduction branch hole (232) is directly opposite to the tungsten steel drill bit (3).

7. The complex geological bored pile construction equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The track plate (65) is provided with a track groove (66), which is arranged to be tilted upward at one end away from the rotating drill rod (2), and a guide rod (67) is installed on the side of the push column (62) and is slidably fitted in the track groove (66).

8. The complex geological bored pile construction equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A scraping groove (43) is arranged on the outer ring surface of the expansion ring (4) at the uppermost end and below each arc groove (63); the scraping groove (43) is an arc structure, and a plurality of arc scrapers (44) are evenly arranged along the arc structure in the scraping groove (43); the upper end of the arc scraper (44) is hinged to the upper side wall of the scraping groove (43); the arc scraper (44) is installed on the inner wall of the scraping groove (43) through a return elastic member; the bottom of the arc scraper (44) is a pointed structure and is arranged to be inclined outward.

9. A method for constructing bored piles in complex geology, characterized in that: The construction of bored piles in complex geological conditions using the equipment for bored pile construction described in any one of claims 1 to 8 comprises the following steps: S1: First, the drilling position of the bored pile is calculated and determined according to the design coordinates, and then the circulation pool, slurry storage pool and sedimentation pool of the mud circulation system are excavated; S2: After the preparation work is completed, the drilling machine (1) is driven to the drilling position of the bored pile, and then a casing is buried at the outer position of the bored pile, and protective slurry is poured into the casing, and then the upper end of the rotating drill rod (2) on the multi-stage drill bit is connected to the rotating part of the drilling machine (1), and the grouting pipe (21) is connected to the liquid outlet pipe of the external grouting pump, and the grouting pump is allowed to draw mud from the slurry storage tank; S3: Control the drilling machine (1) to drive the rotating drill rod (2) to rotate, and the tungsten steel drill bit (3) can first drill a hole in the foundation, and then the cutting bit (51) on the inclined structure of the tool holder bar (5) regularly expands the hole step by step, and the expansion ring (4) stabilizes the hole, so that the bored pile can be drilled in one time; S4: After the bored pile construction is completed, the drilling machine (1) and the multi-stage drill bit are removed from the borehole, and the borehole is cleaned by pump suction reverse circulation; then the pre-made steel cage is hoisted into the borehole by a crane, and the pouring conduit is installed; S5: Pour concrete into the borehole through the pouring conduit, then cure the concrete in the borehole to form it, finally remove the casing and remove part of the surface slurry layer, thereby completing the construction of bored piles.

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