Vehicle spherical pin design method, vehicle spherical pin and vehicle

Abstract

The invention discloses a vehicle spherical pin design method, a vehicle spherical pin and a vehicle, belonging to the technical field of vehicles. The contact area between a ball bowl and a ball pin is calculated according to the actual diameter of the ball pin, and then the stress extreme value is calculated according to the contact area and the load extreme value, and the stress extreme value is compared with the compressive strength. When the stress extreme value is less than the compressive strength, it is proved that the actual diameter meets the requirement; if the stress extreme value is greater than the compressive strength, the actual diameter needs to be increased to reduce the stress extreme value; if the stress extreme value differs greatly from the compressive strength, the actual diameter can be appropriately reduced to increase the stress extreme value; then the swing angle required by the control arm and the steering knuckle is obtained, and the first inner diameter and the first outer diameter are defined by the actual diameter of the ball pin and the required swing angle; it is ensured that the structural strength of the spherical pin meets the strength requirement of the suspension system, and it is ensured that the spherical pin can achieve the swing angle required by the control arm and the steering knuckle, so as to design a spherical pin with better comprehensive performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of vehicles, and in particular to a vehicle spherical pin design method, a vehicle spherical pin and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Spherical pins can be used in the suspension system of vehicles. As a device connecting the control arm and the steering knuckle, the spherical pin allows the control arm to move relative to the steering knuckle, that is, the control arm or the steering knuckle can rotate around the axis of the spherical pin, and the control arm or the steering knuckle can swing around the center of the ball of the spherical pin. There are many sizes and specifications for vehicle spherical pins, among which the size of the spherical pin is directly related to the structural strength of the spherical pin. Increasing the size of the spherical pin to improve the structural strength of the spherical pin will lead to a decrease in the swing angle of the spherical pin; while reducing the size of the spherical pin to increase the swing angle of the spherical pin will lead to a decrease in the structural strength of the spherical pin. However, how to balance the relationship between the size of the spherical pin and the swing angle of the spherical pin has become the key to the design method of vehicle spherical pins. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present invention proposes a vehicle spherical pin design method to ensure that the structural strength of the spherical pin meets the strength requirements of the suspension system and ensures that the spherical pin can achieve the swing angle required by the control arm and the steering knuckle, so as to design a spherical pin with better comprehensive performance.

[0004] The present invention also provides a vehicle spherical pin designed by executing the above-mentioned vehicle spherical pin design method, and a vehicle using the above-mentioned vehicle spherical pin.

[0005] According to a first aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a vehicle spherical pin design method is used to design a spherical pin. A vehicle has a suspension system, the suspension system includes a control arm and a steering knuckle, the spherical pin includes a ball seat, a ball pin and a ball bowl, the ball pin is arranged in the ball seat, the ball bowl is arranged between the ball pin and the ball seat, the ball seat is provided with a first port, the ball pin is provided with a first connecting column, the first connecting column can swing in the first port, the ball seat and the first connecting column are used to connect the control arm and the steering knuckle respectively, the design method includes:

[0006] Obtaining the extreme value of the load applied by the control arm and the steering knuckle to the spherical pin, and obtaining the compressive strength of the ball bowl according to the material properties of the ball bowl;

[0007] Obtaining the actual diameter of the ball pin according to the load extreme value and the compressive strength;

[0008] Obtaining a swing angle of the control arm relative to the steering knuckle;

[0009] The first inner diameter of the first port and the first outer diameter of the first connecting column are calculated according to the swing angle and the actual diameter.

[0010] The vehicle ball pin design method according to the embodiment of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: when the suspension system is operating normally, the load extreme value applied to the ball pin by the control arm and the steering knuckle is obtained through the force analysis of the suspension system, and the compressive strength of the ball bowl is obtained by finding the material properties of the ball bowl; then the actual diameter of the ball pin is set first, the contact area between the ball bowl and the ball pin is calculated according to the actual diameter of the ball pin, and then the stress extreme value is calculated according to the contact area and the load extreme value, and the stress extreme value is compared with the compressive strength. When the stress extreme value is less than the compressive strength, it is proved that the actual diameter meets the requirements; if the stress extreme value is greater than the compressive strength, the actual diameter needs to be increased to reduce stress extreme value; if there is a large difference between the stress extreme value and the compressive strength, the actual diameter can be appropriately reduced to increase the stress extreme value; then the swing angle required for the control arm and the steering knuckle is obtained, and the first inner diameter of the first port is made smaller than the actual diameter of the ball pin. The first inner diameter of the first port and the first outer diameter of the first connecting column are limited by the required swing angle to prevent the ball pin from escaping from the first port due to the first inner diameter being too large, and to prevent the first connecting column from having too low structural strength due to the first outer diameter being too small; ensure that the structural strength of the spherical pin meets the strength requirements of the suspension system, and ensure that the spherical pin can achieve the swing angle required by the control arm and the steering knuckle, so as to design a spherical pin with better comprehensive performance.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present invention, obtaining the actual diameter of the ball pin according to the load extreme value and the compressive strength includes:

[0012] Setting a preset diameter of the ball pin, and obtaining a preset contact area between the ball pin and the ball bowl according to the preset diameter;

[0013] Obtaining a pressure extreme value according to the load extreme value and the preset contact area, and determining whether the pressure extreme value is less than the compressive strength;

[0014] When it is determined that the extreme pressure value is less than the compressive strength, subtracting the compressive strength from the extreme pressure value to obtain a difference, and determining whether the difference is less than a preset threshold;

[0015] When it is determined that the difference is less than the preset threshold, the preset diameter is determined as the actual diameter.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the present invention, obtaining a pressure extreme value according to the load extreme value and the preset contact area, and judging whether the pressure extreme value is less than the compressive strength includes:

[0017] Decomposing the load extreme value along the radial direction and the axial direction of the first connecting column into a radial extreme value, a first axial extreme value, and a second axial extreme value, and decomposing the preset contact area along the radial direction and the axial direction of the first connecting column into a radial area, a first axial area, and a second axial area;

[0018] Obtaining radial pressure according to the radial extreme value and the radial area;

[0019] Obtaining a first axial pressure according to the first axial extreme value and the first axial area;

[0020] Obtaining a second axial pressure according to the second axial extreme value and the second axial area;

[0021] comparing the radial pressure, the first axial pressure, and the second axial pressure with the compressive strength respectively;

[0022] When any one of the radial pressure, the first axial pressure and the second axial pressure is smaller than the compressive strength, it is determined that the extreme pressure value is smaller than the compressive strength.

[0023] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the design method further includes:

[0024] Obtaining a load limit applied by the control arm and the steering knuckle to the spherical pin, wherein the load limit is greater than the load extreme value;

[0025] Obtaining a yield strength of the ball bowl according to the material properties of the ball bowl, wherein the yield strength is greater than the compressive strength;

[0026] Obtaining the actual contact area between the ball pin and the ball bowl according to the actual diameter;

[0027] Obtaining a pressure limit according to the load limit and the actual contact area, and determining whether the pressure limit is less than the yield strength;

[0028] When it is determined that the pressure limit is less than the yield strength, the calculation based on the swing angle and the actual diameter is performed to obtain a first inner diameter of the first port and a first outer diameter of the first connecting column.

[0029] According to some embodiments of the present invention, obtaining a pressure limit according to the load limit and the actual contact area, and judging whether the pressure limit is less than the yield strength, comprises:

[0030] Decomposing the load limit along the radial direction and the axial direction of the first connecting column into a radial limit, a first axial limit, and a second axial limit, and decomposing the actual contact area along the radial direction and the axial direction of the first connecting column into an actual radial area, a first actual axial area, and a second actual axial area;

[0031] Obtaining a radial pressure limit according to the radial limit and the actual radial area;

[0032] Obtaining a first axial pressure limit according to the first axial limit and the first actual axial area;

[0033] Obtaining a second axial pressure limit according to the second actual axial limit and the second actual axial area;

[0034] comparing the radial pressure limit, the first axial pressure limit, and the second axial pressure limit with the yield strength respectively;

[0035] When any one of the radial pressure limit, the first axial pressure limit, and the second axial pressure limit is smaller than the yield strength, it is determined that the pressure limit is smaller than the yield strength.

[0036] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the spherical pin further includes a fastener, the spherical pin is provided with a connecting hole, the connecting hole cooperates with the fastener to connect the spherical pin to the control arm or the steering knuckle, and the design method further includes:

[0037] Obtaining the matching outer diameter and matching length of the fastener;

[0038] The fitting inner diameter of the connecting hole is obtained according to the fitting outer diameter, and the inner fitting length of the connecting hole is obtained according to the fitting length.

[0039] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the design method further includes:

[0040] Calculating the end surface area of ​​the first connecting column according to the matching inner diameter and the first outer diameter, and determining whether the end surface area is smaller than a preset area;

[0041] When it is determined that the end surface area is smaller than the preset area, a gasket is designed according to the shape of the first connecting column, and the gasket is used to be sleeved on the end of the first connecting column.

[0042] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the washer is provided with an assembly hole and an abutting end surface, the assembly hole is used to sleeve the first connecting column, the abutting end surface is used to abut the control arm or the steering knuckle, and the washer is designed according to the shape of the first connecting column, including:

[0043] Obtaining an assembly inner diameter of the assembly hole according to the first outer diameter, and obtaining an assembly outer diameter of the gasket according to the first inner diameter;

[0044] The abutment area of ​​the abutment end face is obtained according to the assembly outer diameter, and the abutment area is set to be greater than or equal to the preset area.

[0045] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the ball seat is further provided with a second port, the second port has a second inner diameter, the second inner diameter is smaller than the first inner diameter, the ball pin is further provided with a second connecting column, the second connecting column can swing in the second port, and the design method further includes:

[0046] The second inner diameter of the second port and the second outer diameter of the second connecting column are calculated according to the swing angle and the actual diameter.

[0047] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the design method further includes:

[0048] Obtaining the spatial dimensions between the control arm and the steering knuckle for installing the spherical pin;

[0049] The outer fitting length and the outer fitting diameter of the spherical pin are obtained according to the spatial dimensions.

[0050] The vehicle spherical pin according to the second aspect of the embodiment of the present invention is designed by the vehicle spherical pin design method described in the embodiment of the first aspect.

[0051] The vehicle spherical pin according to the embodiment of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: ensuring that the structural strength of the spherical pin meets the strength requirements of the suspension system, and ensuring that the spherical pin can achieve the swing angle required by the control arm and the steering knuckle, and the comprehensive performance of the spherical pin is good.

[0052] The vehicle according to the third aspect of the embodiment of the present invention comprises the vehicle spherical pin as described in the embodiment of the second aspect.

[0053] The vehicle adopts a vehicle spherical pin to ensure that the structural strength of the spherical pin meets the strength requirements of the suspension system, and ensures that the spherical pin can achieve the swing angle required by the control arm and steering knuckle. The comprehensive performance of the spherical pin is good.

[0054] Since the vehicle adopts all the technical solutions of the vehicle spherical pin of the above-mentioned embodiment, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the above-mentioned embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0055] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0056] Figure 1 is a flow chart of a vehicle spherical pin design method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 2 is a flow chart for determining the actual diameter in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 3 is a flow chart for determining whether a pressure extreme value is less than a pressure resistance extreme value in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 4 is a flow chart of verifying that the pressure limit is less than the yield limit in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 5 is a flow chart for determining whether the pressure limit is less than the yield strength in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 6 is a flow chart for designing a gasket in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 7 is a flow chart for obtaining the size of a gasket in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 8 is a flow chart for obtaining the outer dimensions of a spherical pin in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0064] Fig. 9 It is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle spherical pin according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0065] Reference numerals: ball seat 100 , first port 110 , second port 120 , ball pin 200 , first connecting column 210 , second connecting column 220 , connecting hole 230 , ball bowl 300 , washer 400 ;

[0066] Actual diameter A, inner fit length B, outer fit diameter C, outer fit length D, fit inner diameter E, first inner diameter F, first outer diameter G, second inner diameter H, second outer diameter I, swing angle J. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0067] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0068] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by terms such as front, rear, top, bottom, axial, and circumferential are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0069] In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "above", "below", "exceed", etc. is not inclusive of the number itself, and the meaning of "above", "below", "within", etc. is inclusive of the number itself. If there is a description of "first" or "second", it is only used to distinguish the technical features, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying the relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0070] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms such as setting, installing, connecting, etc. should be understood in a broad sense, and technicians in the relevant technical field can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in combination with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0071] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments.

[0072] In the related art, a spherical pin can be used in a vehicle suspension system. The spherical pin is used to connect a control arm and a steering knuckle, so that the control arm can rotate and swing relative to the steering knuckle, making the suspension system more flexible. The spherical pin enables the control arm to move relative to the steering knuckle, that is, the control arm or the steering knuckle can rotate around the axis of the spherical pin, and the control arm or the steering knuckle can swing around the ball center of the spherical pin.

[0073] However, there are many sizes of ball pins for vehicles, among which the size of the ball pin is directly related to the structural strength of the ball pin. Increasing the size of the ball pin to improve the structural strength of the ball pin will reduce the swing angle of the ball pin; while reducing the size of the ball pin to increase the swing angle of the ball pin will reduce the structural strength of the ball pin.

[0074] Therefore, in order to improve the comprehensive performance of the spherical pin and maximize the use of the spherical pin, it has become the key to the lean design and cost control of the automobile chassis suspension.

[0075] Based on this, an embodiment of the present invention provides a vehicle spherical pin design method to ensure that the structural strength of the spherical pin meets the strength requirements of the suspension system, and ensures that the spherical pin can achieve the swing angle required by the control arm and steering knuckle, so as to design a spherical pin with better comprehensive performance.

[0076] refer to Figures 1 to 8 A design method according to an embodiment of the present invention is described. The vehicle spherical pin design method is used to design a vehicle spherical pin. The vehicle spherical pin is suitable for a suspension system of a vehicle, wherein the suspension system is provided with a control arm and a steering knuckle.

[0077] Reference Fig. 9As shown, the spherical pin includes a ball seat 100, a ball pin 200 and a ball bowl 300. The ball pin 200 is arranged in the ball seat 100, and the ball bowl 300 is arranged between the ball pin 200 and the ball seat 100. The ball seat 100 is provided with a first port 110, and the ball pin 200 is provided with a first connecting column 210. The first connecting column 210 is located in the first port 110, and the first connecting column 210 can swing around the center of the ball pin 200.

[0078] The ball seat 100 is connected to the control arm, and the first connecting column 210 is connected to the steering knuckle. Alternatively, the ball seat 100 is connected to the steering knuckle, and the first connecting column 210 is connected to the control arm.

[0079] The following is an explanation of the vehicle spherical pin design method using a specific example.

[0080] Reference Figure 1 As shown, the vehicle spherical pin design method of an embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps.

[0081] Step S100 , obtaining the load extreme value applied by the control arm and the steering knuckle to the spherical pin, and obtaining the compressive strength of the spherical bowl 300 according to the material properties of the spherical bowl 300 .

[0082] According to the operating state of the suspension system when the vehicle is running normally, the control arm and steering knuckle are subjected to force analysis, or the movement of the control arm and steering knuckle is simulated by software to obtain the extreme load applied by the control arm and steering knuckle to the spherical pin. The extreme load is the maximum load applied by the control arm and steering knuckle to the spherical pin when the vehicle suspension system is operating normally.

[0083] The contact area between the ball pin 200 and the ball bowl 300 has not yet been determined. According to the pressure calculation formula, it can be known that the load extreme value divided by the contact area is equal to the stress extreme value, and the contact area is related to the diameter of the ball pin 200. The larger the diameter, the larger the contact area and the smaller the stress extreme value. Therefore, the relationship between the stress extreme value and the diameter of the ball pin 200 can be established.

[0084] The material properties of the ball bowl 300 determine its compressive strength, so the corresponding compressive strength can be queried through the material properties of the ball bowl 300.

[0085] Step S200, obtaining the actual diameter A of the ball pin 200 according to the load extreme value and the compressive strength.

[0086] Taking the compressive strength as the upper limit of the extreme stress value, when the extreme load value is determined, the minimum contact area between the ball pin 200 and the ball bowl 300 can be calculated according to the pressure calculation formula, and then the minimum diameter of the ball pin 200 can be calculated. Therefore, any value greater than the minimum diameter can be selected as the actual diameter A of the ball pin 200.

[0087] After selecting the actual diameter A, the contact area between the ball pin 200 and the ball bowl 300 can be calculated. When the load extreme value is determined, the stress extreme value corresponding to the actual diameter A can be calculated according to the pressure calculation formula.

[0088] Step S300, obtaining the swing angle J of the control arm relative to the steering knuckle.

[0089] According to the operating state of the suspension system when the vehicle is driving normally, the movement of the control arm and the steering knuckle can be simulated to obtain the swing angle J when the control arm and the steering knuckle move relative to each other. Since the first connecting column 210 of the ball pin 200 can be used to connect the control arm or the steering knuckle, the swing angle J can be the angle at which the control arm or the steering knuckle swings around the center of the spherical pin.

[0090] Step S400 , calculating according to the swing angle J and the actual diameter A to obtain the first inner diameter F of the first port 110 and the first outer diameter G of the first connecting column 210 .

[0091] Since the ball pin 200 and the ball bowl 300 are installed in the ball cavity of the ball seat 100, the first port 110 is connected to the ball cavity, and the first connecting column 210 of the ball pin 200 passes through the first port 110 and extends outside the ball cavity, the diameter of the ball cavity is associated with the actual diameter A of the ball pin 200, and the first inner diameter F is associated with the diameter of the ball cavity, that is, the first inner diameter F is positively correlated with the actual diameter A. In order to prevent the ball pin 200 from escaping from the first port 110, the first inner diameter F is smaller than the actual diameter A. The larger the difference between the first inner diameter F and the actual diameter A, the more conducive it is to ensure that the ball pin 200 is firmly installed in the ball cavity of the ball seat 100.

[0092] The first inner diameter F is greater than the first outer diameter G. When the difference between the first outer diameter G and the first inner diameter F is greater, the swing angle J of the first connecting column 210 is greater, but the structural strength of the first connecting column 210 is reduced.

[0093] Therefore, a suitable first inner diameter F can be selected according to the actual diameter A of the ball pin 200 , and the first outer diameter G can be calculated according to the swing angle J and the first inner diameter F.

[0094] When the suspension system is operating normally, the load extremes applied by the control arm and the steering knuckle to the spherical pin are obtained through the force analysis of the suspension system, and the compressive strength is obtained by looking up the material properties of the ball bowl 300; then the actual diameter A of the ball pin 200 is set first, and the contact area between the ball bowl 300 and the ball pin 200 is calculated based on the actual diameter A of the ball pin 200, and then the stress extreme value is calculated based on the contact area and the load extreme value, and the stress extreme value is compared with the compressive strength. When the stress extreme value is less than the compressive strength, it is proved that the actual diameter A meets the requirements.

[0095] If the extreme stress value is greater than the compressive strength, the actual diameter A needs to be increased to reduce the extreme stress value.

[0096] If there is a large difference between the extreme stress value and the compressive strength, the actual diameter A can be appropriately reduced to increase the extreme stress value.

[0097] Then, the required swing angle J of the control arm and the steering knuckle is obtained, and the first inner diameter F is made smaller than the actual diameter A. The first inner diameter F and the first outer diameter G are limited by the required swing angle J to prevent the first inner diameter F from being too large and causing the ball pin 200 to fall out of the first port 110, and to prevent the first outer diameter G from being too small and causing the structural strength of the first connecting column 210 to be too low.

[0098] Ensure that the structural strength of the spherical pin meets the strength requirements of the suspension system, and ensure that the spherical pin can achieve the swing angle required by the control arm and steering knuckle, so as to design a spherical pin with better comprehensive performance.

[0099] In some embodiments, reference Fig. 9 As shown, the ball seat 100 is also provided with a second port 120, the aperture of the second port 120 is a second inner diameter H, the first inner diameter F is larger than the second inner diameter H, and the ball pin 200 is also provided with a second connecting column 220, the second connecting column 220 is located in the second port 120, and the second connecting column 220 swings around the center of the ball pin 200.

[0100] Reference Figure 1 As shown, the design method also includes the following steps.

[0101] Step S500 , calculating according to the swing angle J and the actual diameter A, to obtain the second inner diameter H of the second port 120 and the second outer diameter I of the second connecting column 220 .

[0102] The first port 110 and the second port 120 are respectively disposed at both ends of the ball seat 100, and the first connecting column 210 and the second connecting column 220 are respectively disposed at both ends of the ball pin 200. The second port 120 and the second connecting column 220 also limit the swing angle J of the ball pin 200 rotating around the center of the ball.

[0103] Since the ball pin 200 and the ball bowl 300 are installed in the ball cavity of the ball seat 100, the second port 120 is connected to the ball cavity, and the second connecting column 220 of the ball pin 200 extends from the second port 120 to the outside of the ball cavity, the actual diameter A of the ball pin 200 is related to the diameter of the ball cavity, and the second inner diameter H of the second port 120 is related to the diameter of the ball cavity, that is, the second inner diameter H is positively correlated with the actual diameter A. In order to prevent the ball pin 200 from escaping from the second port 120, the second inner diameter H is smaller than the actual diameter A. The larger the difference between the second inner diameter H and the actual diameter A, the more conducive it is to ensure that the ball pin 200 is firmly installed in the ball cavity of the ball seat 100.

[0104] The second outer diameter I is smaller than the second inner diameter H of the second port 120 . When the difference between the second outer diameter I and the second inner diameter H is larger, the swing angle J of the second connecting column 220 is larger, but the structural strength of the second connecting column 220 is reduced.

[0105] Therefore, a suitable second inner diameter H can be selected for the second port 120 according to the actual diameter A of the ball pin 200 , and the second outer diameter I can be calculated according to the swing angle J and the second inner diameter H.

[0106] In some embodiments, reference Figure 2 As shown, step S200, obtaining the actual diameter A of the ball pin 200 according to the load extreme value and the compressive strength, includes the following steps.

[0107] Step S210, setting a preset diameter of the ball pin 200, and obtaining a preset contact area between the ball pin 200 and the ball bowl 300 according to the preset diameter.

[0108] First, a preset diameter is selected for the ball pin 200 , and a preset contact area between the ball pin 200 and the ball bowl 300 can be obtained according to the preset diameter and a ball area calculation formula.

[0109] Step S220, obtaining a pressure extreme value according to the load extreme value and the preset contact area, and determining whether the pressure extreme value is less than the compressive strength.

[0110] After determining the preset contact area between the ball pin 200 and the ball bowl 300, since the load extreme value is determined, it can be concluded from the pressure calculation formula that the load extreme value divided by the preset contact area is equal to the pressure extreme value. The pressure extreme value is compared with the compressive strength of the ball bowl 300 to evaluate whether the selected preset diameter is reasonable.

[0111] When the extreme pressure value is greater than the compressive strength, it indicates that the bowl 300 is susceptible to damage. In order to reduce the extreme pressure value, the preset contact area needs to be increased, that is, a larger preset diameter is reselected until the extreme pressure value is not greater than the compressive strength.

[0112] Step S230, when it is determined that the extreme pressure value is less than the compressive strength, the compressive strength is subtracted from the extreme pressure value to obtain a difference, and it is determined whether the difference is less than a preset threshold.

[0113] When the extreme pressure is lower than the compressive strength, it proves that when the preset diameter is selected for the ball pin 200, the ball bowl 300 can withstand the extreme load applied by the control arm and the steering knuckle. According to the pressure calculation formula, the larger the preset diameter, the larger the preset contact area, and the smaller the extreme pressure. Therefore, a larger preset diameter can be selected under the premise that the extreme pressure does not exceed the compressive strength to improve the structural strength of the ball pin 200.

[0114] Therefore, it is necessary to determine whether the preset diameter is reasonable, obtain the pressure extreme value based on the preset diameter, subtract the pressure extreme value from the compressive strength to obtain the difference, and set the preset threshold to limit the size of the difference, so as to obtain a more reasonable preset diameter. Therefore, it is necessary to compare the difference with the preset threshold.

[0115] Step S240: When it is determined that the difference is less than the preset threshold, the preset diameter is determined as the actual diameter A.

[0116] When the difference between the compressive strength and the extreme pressure value is less than the preset threshold, it proves that the extreme pressure value applied by the control arm and the steering knuckle on the spherical pin is closer to the compressive strength of the ball bowl 300, and the diameter of the ball pin 200 can be increased to a greater extent to improve its structural strength, so the preset diameter is set to the actual diameter A of the ball pin 200.

[0117] In some embodiments, reference Figure 3 As shown, step S220, obtaining the extreme pressure value according to the extreme load value and the preset contact area, and judging whether the extreme pressure value is less than the compressive strength, includes the following steps.

[0118] Step S221, decompose the load extreme value along the radial and axial directions of the first connecting column 210 into radial extreme value, first axial extreme value and second axial extreme value, and decompose the preset contact area along the radial and axial directions of the first connecting column 210 into radial area, first axial area and second axial area.

[0119] When the control arm moves relative to the steering knuckle, the load extreme value may have component forces in multiple directions, resulting in different pressures of the ball pin 200 on the ball bowl 300 in different directions. Based on this, the load extreme value needs to be decomposed into radial extreme values ​​along the radial direction of the first connecting column 210. The ball pin 200 exerts forces in two directions on the ball bowl 300 in the axial direction of the first connecting column 210, so the load extreme value is decomposed into a first axial extreme value and a second axial extreme value along the axial direction of the first connecting column 210.

[0120] Correspondingly, since the contact area between the ball pin 200 and the ball bowl 300 changes with the direction of the component force, the preset contact area is decomposed into a radial area along the radial direction of the first connecting column 210, and the preset contact area is decomposed into a first axial area and a second axial area along the axial direction of the first connecting column 210.

[0121] Step S222, obtaining radial pressure according to the radial extreme value and the radial area.

[0122] Step S223, obtaining a first axial pressure according to the first axial extreme value and the first axial area.

[0123] Step S224, obtaining a second axial pressure according to the second axial extreme value and the second axial area.

[0124] According to the pressure calculation formula, the radial pressure can be calculated from the radial extreme value and the radial area, the first axial pressure can be calculated from the first axial extreme value and the first axial area, and the second axial pressure can be calculated from the second axial extreme value and the second axial area.

[0125] Step S225, comparing the radial pressure, the first axial pressure and the second axial pressure with the compressive strength respectively.

[0126] The radial pressure is compared with the compressive strength, the first axial pressure is compared with the compressive strength, and the second axial pressure is compared with the compressive strength.

[0127] Step S226: When any one of the radial pressure, the first axial pressure and the second axial pressure is less than the compressive strength, it is determined that the extreme pressure value is less than the compressive strength.

[0128] When the radial pressure is less than the compressive strength, the first axial pressure is less than the compressive strength, and the second axial pressure is less than the compressive strength, it can be determined that the extreme pressure value does not exceed the compressive strength.

[0129] In some embodiments, reference Figure 4 As shown, the design method also includes the following steps.

[0130] Step S600, obtaining the load limit applied to the spherical pin by the control arm and the steering knuckle, where the load limit is greater than the load extreme value.

[0131] Abnormal or extreme conditions that a vehicle may encounter in actual use, when the vehicle's suspension system is in a misuse condition and the control arm and steering knuckle apply a large load to the ball pin.

[0132] According to the operating state of the suspension system in extreme conditions of the vehicle, the control arm and steering knuckle are subjected to force analysis, or the movement of the control arm and steering knuckle is simulated using software to obtain the load limit applied by the control arm and steering knuckle to the spherical pin. This is the maximum load applied by the control arm and steering knuckle to the spherical pin in extreme conditions of the vehicle suspension system, so the load limit exceeds the load extreme value.

[0133] Step S610, obtaining the yield strength of the ball bowl 300 according to the material properties of the ball bowl 300, wherein the yield strength is greater than the compressive strength.

[0134] The material properties of the ball bowl 300 determine its yield strength, so the corresponding yield strength can be queried through the material properties of the ball bowl 300. An external force greater than the yield strength will cause the part to fail permanently and cannot be restored, so the yield strength exceeds the compressive strength.

[0135] Step S620, obtaining the actual contact area between the ball pin 200 and the ball bowl 300 according to the actual diameter A.

[0136] In the above method step S200, the actual diameter A can be obtained. Based on the surface area calculation formula of the ball, the actual contact area between the ball pin 200 and the ball bowl 300 can be obtained according to the actual diameter A.

[0137] Step S630, obtaining the pressure limit according to the load limit and the actual contact area, and determining whether the pressure limit is less than the yield strength.

[0138] Based on the pressure calculation formula, the pressure limit can be calculated by dividing the load limit by the actual contact area, and then the pressure limit can be compared with the yield strength.

[0139] When the pressure limit on the spherical pin is greater than the yield strength of the ball bowl 300 , it is proved that the force exerted by the control arm or the steering knuckle on the spherical pin will destroy the ball bowl 300 , causing the spherical pin to fail.

[0140] Therefore, the actual diameter A of the ball pin 200 needs to be reset. Based on the pressure calculation formula, the actual diameter A of the ball pin 200 needs to be increased to reduce the pressure limit so that the pressure limit is lower than the yield strength.

[0141] Step S640 , when it is determined that the pressure limit is less than the yield strength, a calculation is performed based on the swing angle J and the actual diameter A to obtain the first inner diameter F of the first port 110 and the first outer diameter G of the first connecting column 210 .

[0142] When the pressure limit of the spherical pin is lower than the yield strength of the ball bowl 300 , it proves that the ball bowl 300 can still maintain normal operation when the vehicle is in an extreme condition, and then subsequent steps can be performed to calculate the first inner diameter F and the first outer diameter G.

[0143] In some embodiments, reference Figure 5 As shown, step S630, obtaining the pressure limit according to the load limit and the actual contact area, and judging whether the pressure limit is less than the yield strength, includes the following steps.

[0144] Step S631, decompose the load limit along the radial and axial directions of the first connecting column 210 into radial limit, first axial limit and second axial limit, and decompose the actual contact area along the radial and axial directions of the first connecting column into actual radial area, first actual axial area and second actual axial area.

[0145] When the control arm moves relative to the steering knuckle, the load limit may have component forces in multiple directions, resulting in different pressures of the ball pin 200 on the ball bowl 300 in different directions. Based on this, the load limit needs to be decomposed into radial limits along the radial direction of the first connecting column 210. The ball pin 200 exerts forces in two directions on the ball bowl 300 in the axial direction of the first connecting column 210, so the load extreme value is decomposed into a first axial limit and a second axial limit along the axial direction of the first connecting column 210.

[0146] Correspondingly, since the contact area between the ball pin 200 and the ball bowl 300 changes with the direction of the component force, the actual contact area is decomposed into an actual radial area along the radial direction of the first connecting column 210, and the actual contact area is decomposed into a first actual axial area and a second actual axial area along the axial direction of the first connecting column 210.

[0147] Step S632, obtaining the radial pressure limit according to the radial limit and the actual radial area.

[0148] Step S633, obtaining a first axial pressure limit according to the first axial limit and the first actual axial area.

[0149] Step S634, obtaining a second axial pressure limit according to the second actual axial limit and the second actual axial area.

[0150] According to the pressure calculation formula, the radial pressure limit can be calculated from the radial limit and the actual radial area, the first axial pressure limit can be calculated from the first axial limit and the first actual axial area, and the second axial pressure limit can be calculated from the second axial limit and the second actual axial area.

[0151] Step S635, comparing the radial pressure limit, the first axial pressure limit and the second axial pressure limit with the yield strength respectively.

[0152] The radial pressure limit is compared to the yield strength, the first axial pressure limit is compared to the yield strength, and the second axial pressure limit is compared to the yield strength.

[0153] Step S636: When any one of the radial pressure limit, the first axial pressure limit and the second axial pressure limit is smaller than the yield strength, it is determined that the pressure limit is smaller than the yield strength.

[0154] When the radial pressure limit is less than the yield strength, the first axial pressure limit is less than the yield strength, and the second axial pressure limit is less than the yield strength, it can be determined that the pressure limit does not exceed the yield strength.

[0155] In some embodiments, reference Fig. 9As shown, the spherical pin also includes a fastener, and the ball pin 200 is provided with a connecting hole 230, and the connecting hole 230 cooperates with the fastener to connect the ball pin 200 to the control arm or the steering knuckle.

[0156] Reference Figure 6 As shown, the design method also includes the following steps.

[0157] Step S700, obtaining the matching outer diameter and matching length of the fastener.

[0158] The connecting ball pin 200 is connected to the control arm or steering knuckle through a fastener, and the size of the fastener needs to be obtained to design the size of the connecting hole 230 of the ball pin 200, so the matching outer diameter and matching length of the fastener are measured or looked up in a table.

[0159] Step S710, obtaining the fitting inner diameter E of the connection hole 230 according to the fitting outer diameter, and obtaining the inner fitting length B of the connection hole 230 according to the fitting length.

[0160] The matching inner diameter E of the connection hole 230 is designed according to the matching outer diameter of the fastener, and the inner matching length B of the connection hole 230 is designed according to the matching length of the fastener, so as to ensure that the connection hole 230 matches the fastener.

[0161] In some embodiments, reference Figure 6 As shown, the design method also includes the following steps.

[0162] Step S720, calculating the end surface area of ​​the first connecting column 210 according to the matched inner diameter E and the first outer diameter G, and determining whether the end surface area is smaller than a preset area.

[0163] The end face of the first connecting column 210 is used to abut the control arm or steering knuckle. When the end face area is small, the end face of the first connecting column 210 will exert too much pressure on the control arm or steering knuckle, which may easily damage the control arm or steering knuckle. Therefore, increasing the end face area of ​​the first connecting column 210 will be beneficial to the matching of the control arm or steering knuckle.

[0164] Since the connecting hole 230 of the ball pin 200 is opened on the end face of the first connecting column 210, the end face area of ​​the first connecting column 210 is limited by the matching inner diameter E and the first outer diameter G. An increase in the matching inner diameter E or a decrease in the first outer diameter G will lead to a decrease in the end face area. The first outer diameter G of the first connecting column 210 affects the structural strength and the swing angle J of the first connecting column 210, and the matching inner diameter E of the connecting hole 230 affects the matching effect of the fastener. Therefore, it is difficult to directly increase the end face area by increasing the first outer diameter G or reducing the matching inner diameter E.

[0165] Therefore, the end surface area needs to be calculated based on the first outer diameter G and the matching inner diameter E, and then the end surface area needs to be compared with the preset area to determine whether the end surface area of ​​the first connecting column 210 is sufficient to match the control arm or steering knuckle.

[0166] When the end surface area is larger than the preset area, the end surface of the first connecting column 210 can cooperate with the control arm or the steering knuckle.

[0167] Step S730 , when it is determined that the end surface area is smaller than the preset area, a gasket 400 is designed according to the shape of the first connecting column 210 , and the gasket 400 is used to be sleeved on the end of the first connecting column 210 .

[0168] When the end surface area of ​​the first connecting column 210 is smaller than the preset area, a washer 400 needs to be installed at the end of the first connecting column 210 to abut against the control arm or steering knuckle to ensure that the ball pin 200 does not damage the control arm or steering knuckle.

[0169] In some embodiments, reference Fig. 9 As shown, the washer 400 is provided with an assembly hole and an abutting end surface. The assembly hole is used for sleeve mounting the first connecting column 210 , and the abutting end surface is used for abutting against a control arm or a steering knuckle.

[0170] Reference Figure 7 As shown, step S730, designing the gasket 400 according to the shape of the first connecting column 210, includes the following steps.

[0171] Step S731 , obtaining the assembly inner diameter of the assembly hole according to the first outer diameter G, and obtaining the assembly outer diameter of the gasket 400 according to the first inner diameter F.

[0172] The assembly hole of the washer 400 is designed according to the first outer diameter G of the first connecting column 210 , so that the assembly inner diameter of the assembly hole matches the first outer diameter G.

[0173] Since a part of the spherical pin opens a first port 110 and another port at both ends of the ball seat 100, the assembly outer diameter of the gasket 400 is designed according to the first inner diameter F of the first port 110, so that the assembly outer diameter is larger than the first inner diameter F to prevent the ball pin 200 from falling out to the other port.

[0174] Step S732, obtaining the abutment area of ​​the abutment end face according to the assembly outer diameter, and setting the abutment area to be greater than or equal to a preset area.

[0175] Since the inner hole of the washer 400 is used to connect the fastener, the inner hole diameter of the washer 400 matches the matching inner diameter E of the connecting hole 230, that is, the inner hole diameter of the washer 400 is determined.

[0176] Therefore, it is necessary to calculate the abutment area of ​​the abutment end face according to the assembly outer diameter and the inner hole diameter of the washer 400 to ensure that the abutment area is greater than or equal to the preset area. The abutment area can be increased by increasing the assembly outer diameter and abutting the control arm or steering knuckle through the washer 400 to ensure that the ball pin 200 will not damage the control arm or steering knuckle.

[0177] In some embodiments, reference Figure 8 As shown, the design method also includes the following steps.

[0178] Step S800, obtaining the space size between the control arm and the steering knuckle for installing the spherical pin.

[0179] The outer dimensions of the ball pin are determined by the spatial dimensions of the control arm or steering knuckle connecting the ball pin position, and the spatial dimensions are obtained.

[0180] Step S810, obtaining the outer fitting length D and the outer fitting diameter C of the spherical pin according to the spatial dimensions.

[0181] The outer fitting length D and outer fitting diameter C of the spherical pin are designed according to the spatial dimensions.

[0182] In addition, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a vehicle spherical pin, which is designed by the vehicle spherical pin design method described in the above embodiment.

[0183] Specifically, refer to Fig. 9 As shown, the vehicle spherical pin includes a ball seat 100, a ball pin 200, a ball bowl 300, two washers 400, and a fastener.

[0184] The ball seat 100 is divided into a main body and a snap ring. The main body is provided with a ball cavity. The first port 110 and an opening are respectively provided at the upper and lower ends of the main body. The snap ring is detachably installed at the opening to form a second port 120 .

[0185] Rubber dust covers are respectively provided at the upper and lower ends of the ball seat 100, and the rubber dust covers are installed at the port positions of the ball seat 100 by using clamps.

[0186] The ball bowl 300 is installed in the ball cavity, and the outer wall of the ball bowl 300 is in contact with the inner wall of the ball cavity.

[0187] A ball head is arranged in the middle of the ball pin 200, and the ball head is arranged in the ball bowl 300. The ball head rotates in the ball bowl 300. A first connecting column 210 and a second connecting column 220 are arranged at the upper and lower ends of the ball head respectively. The first connecting column 210 extends to the outside through the first port 110, and the second connecting column 220 extends to the outside through the second port 120.

[0188] The two washers 400 are respectively sleeved on the ends of the first connecting column 210 and the second connecting column 220 .

[0189] The ball pin 200 is provided with a connecting hole 230 penetrating in the up-down direction, and the connecting hole 230 is used for connecting a fastener.

[0190] The ball seat 100 and the ball pin 200 are used to connect the control arm and the steering knuckle respectively. In this embodiment, the ball seat 100 is connected to the control arm, and the ball pin 200 is connected to the steering knuckle through a fastener. Alternatively, the ball seat 100 is connected to the steering knuckle, and the ball pin 200 is connected to the control arm through a fastener.

[0191] Ensure that the structural strength of the spherical pin meets the strength requirements of the suspension system, and ensure that the spherical pin can achieve the swing angle required by the control arm and steering knuckle. The comprehensive performance of the spherical pin is good.

[0192] The vehicle spherical pin is obtained by the design method of the above embodiment, and the design method of the above embodiment is performed, for example, the above described Figure 1 Steps S100 to S500 of the method, Figure 2 Steps S210 to S240 of the method, Figure 3 Steps S221 to S223 of the method, Figure 4 Steps S600 to S640 of the method, Figure 5 Steps S631 to S633 of the method, Figure 6 Steps S700 to S730 of the method, Figure 7 Steps S731 to S732 of the method, Figure 8 Method steps S800 to S810, etc.

[0193] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a vehicle, comprising the vehicle spherical pin of the above embodiment.

[0194] The vehicle can be a private car, such as a sedan, SUV, MPV or pickup truck. The vehicle can also be an operating vehicle, such as a van, bus, small truck or large trailer. The vehicle can be a gasoline vehicle or a new energy vehicle. When the vehicle is a new energy vehicle, it can be a hybrid vehicle or a pure electric vehicle.

[0195] Since the vehicle adopts all the technical solutions of the vehicle spherical pin of the above-mentioned embodiment, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the above-mentioned embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0196] The embodiments described in the embodiments of the present application are intended to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that with the evolution of technology and the emergence of new application scenarios, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0197] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the technical solutions shown in the figures do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present application, and may include more or fewer steps than shown in the figures, or a combination of certain steps, or different steps.

[0198] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative, and the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0199] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or some of the steps in the methods disclosed above, and the functional modules / units in the systems and devices may be implemented as software, firmware, hardware, or a suitable combination thereof.

[0200] The terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth", etc. (if any) in the specification of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any of their variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0201] It should be understood that in this application, "at least one (item)" means one or more, and "plurality" means two or more. "And / or" is used to describe the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, "A and / or B" can mean: only A exists, only B exists, and A and B exist at the same time, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the objects associated before and after are in an "or" relationship. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b or c can mean: a, b, c, "a and b", "a and c", "b and c", or "a and b and c", where a, b, c can be single or multiple.

[0202] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are only schematic, for example, the division of the above units is only a logical function division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed.

[0203] The units described above as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0204] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit. The above-mentioned integrated unit may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units.

[0205] If the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application is essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including multiple instructions to enable a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods of various embodiments of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), disk or optical disk and other media that can store programs.

[0206] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of ordinary technicians in the relevant technical field without departing from the purpose of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vehicle spherical pin design method, characterized in that: The invention is used for designing a spherical pin. The vehicle has a suspension system. The suspension system includes a control arm and a steering knuckle. The spherical pin includes a ball seat, a ball pin and a ball bowl. The ball pin is arranged in the ball seat. The ball bowl is arranged between the ball pin and the ball seat. The ball seat is provided with a first port. The ball pin is provided with a first connecting column. The first connecting column can swing in the first port. The ball seat and the first connecting column are used to connect the control arm and the steering knuckle respectively. The design method includes: Obtaining the extreme value of the load applied by the control arm and the steering knuckle to the spherical pin, and obtaining the compressive strength of the ball bowl according to the material properties of the ball bowl; Obtaining the actual diameter of the ball pin according to the load extreme value and the compressive strength; Obtaining a swing angle of the control arm relative to the steering knuckle; The first inner diameter of the first port and the first outer diameter of the first connecting column are calculated according to the swing angle and the actual diameter.

2. The vehicle spherical pin design method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The actual diameter of the ball pin is obtained according to the load extreme value and the compressive strength, including: Setting a preset diameter of the ball pin, and obtaining a preset contact area between the ball pin and the ball bowl according to the preset diameter; Obtaining a pressure extreme value according to the load extreme value and the preset contact area, and determining whether the pressure extreme value is less than the compressive strength; When it is determined that the extreme pressure value is less than the compressive strength, subtracting the compressive strength from the extreme pressure value to obtain a difference, and determining whether the difference is less than a preset threshold; When it is determined that the difference is less than the preset threshold, the preset diameter is determined as the actual diameter.

3. The vehicle spherical pin design method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The step of obtaining a pressure extreme value according to the load extreme value and the preset contact area, and judging whether the pressure extreme value is less than the compressive strength comprises: Decomposing the load extreme value along the radial direction and the axial direction of the first connecting column into a radial extreme value, a first axial extreme value, and a second axial extreme value, and decomposing the preset contact area along the radial direction and the axial direction of the first connecting column into a radial area, a first axial area, and a second axial area; Obtaining radial pressure according to the radial extreme value and the radial area; Obtaining a first axial pressure according to the first axial extreme value and the first axial area; Obtaining a second axial pressure according to the second axial extreme value and the second axial area; comparing the radial pressure, the first axial pressure, and the second axial pressure with the compressive strength respectively; When any one of the radial pressure, the first axial pressure and the second axial pressure is smaller than the compressive strength, it is determined that the extreme pressure value is smaller than the compressive strength.

4. The vehicle spherical pin design method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The design method further includes: Obtaining a load limit applied by the control arm and the steering knuckle to the spherical pin, wherein the load limit is greater than the load extreme value; Obtaining a yield strength of the ball bowl according to the material properties of the ball bowl, wherein the yield strength is greater than the compressive strength; Obtaining the actual contact area between the ball pin and the ball bowl according to the actual diameter; Obtaining a pressure limit according to the load limit and the actual contact area, and determining whether the pressure limit is less than the yield strength; When it is determined that the pressure limit is less than the yield strength, the calculation based on the swing angle and the actual diameter is performed to obtain a first inner diameter of the first port and a first outer diameter of the first connecting column.

5. The vehicle spherical pin design method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The step of obtaining a pressure limit according to the load limit and the actual contact area, and judging whether the pressure limit is less than the yield strength, comprises: Decomposing the load limit along the radial direction and the axial direction of the first connecting column into a radial limit, a first axial limit, and a second axial limit, and decomposing the actual contact area along the radial direction and the axial direction of the first connecting column into an actual radial area, a first actual axial area, and a second actual axial area; Obtaining a radial pressure limit according to the radial limit and the actual radial area; Obtaining a first axial pressure limit according to the first axial limit and the first actual axial area; Obtaining a second axial pressure limit according to the second actual axial limit and the second actual axial area; comparing the radial pressure limit, the first axial pressure limit, and the second axial pressure limit with the yield strength respectively; When any one of the radial pressure limit, the first axial pressure limit, and the second axial pressure limit is smaller than the yield strength, it is determined that the pressure limit is smaller than the yield strength.

6. The vehicle spherical pin design method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spherical pin also includes a fastener, and the spherical pin is provided with a connecting hole, and the connecting hole cooperates with the fastener to connect the spherical pin to the control arm or the steering knuckle. The design method also includes: Obtaining the matching outer diameter and matching length of the fastener; The fitting inner diameter of the connecting hole is obtained according to the fitting outer diameter, and the inner fitting length of the connecting hole is obtained according to the fitting length.

7. The vehicle spherical pin design method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The design method further includes: Calculating the end surface area of ​​the first connecting column according to the matching inner diameter and the first outer diameter, and determining whether the end surface area is smaller than a preset area; When it is determined that the end surface area is smaller than the preset area, a gasket is designed according to the shape of the first connecting column, and the gasket is used to be sleeved on the end of the first connecting column.

8. The vehicle spherical pin design method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The washer is provided with an assembly hole and an abutting end surface, the assembly hole is used to sleeve the first connecting column, and the abutting end surface is used to abut the control arm or the steering knuckle. The washer is designed according to the shape of the first connecting column, including: Obtaining an assembly inner diameter of the assembly hole according to the first outer diameter, and obtaining an assembly outer diameter of the gasket according to the first inner diameter; The abutment area of ​​the abutment end face is obtained according to the assembly outer diameter, and the abutment area is set to be greater than or equal to the preset area.

9. The vehicle spherical pin design method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ball seat is further provided with a second port, the second port has a second inner diameter, the second inner diameter is smaller than the first inner diameter, the ball pin is further provided with a second connecting column, the second connecting column can swing in the second port, the design method further includes: The second inner diameter of the second port and the second outer diameter of the second connecting column are calculated according to the swing angle and the actual diameter.

10. The vehicle spherical pin design method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The design method further includes: Obtaining the spatial dimensions between the control arm and the steering knuckle for installing the spherical pin; The outer fitting length and the outer fitting diameter of the spherical pin are obtained according to the spatial dimensions.

11. A vehicle spherical pin, characterized in that: The vehicle spherical pin is designed by the vehicle spherical pin design method according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

12. A vehicle, characterized in that: Comprising the vehicle spherical pin as claimed in claim 11.

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