Adjustable optical detection sensor and method of using the same

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of optical sensor technology, and specifically discloses an adjustable optical detection sensor and a method of using the same, in order to solve the problems of poor heat dissipation and dust coverage in the prior art; the sensor comprises a lower shell, the upper end of the lower shell is matched with an upper shell, a rotating shaft is rotatably provided at the center of the bottom of the lower shell, a light detection component is provided on the rotating shaft, a flow guide shell is provided at the lower end of the lower shell, a plurality of connecting columns are provided at the lower end of the flow guide shell, and a heat dissipation component for blowing air into the upper shell is provided on the upper shell. The present invention sets the heat dissipation component to a structure triggered by thermal expansion, which will not actively dissipate heat under normal conditions, and will only trigger heat dissipation when the temperature reaches a set value. The initial heat dissipation is air cooling, and as the expansion increases, liquid cooling will be triggered, thereby achieving graded heat dissipation, which greatly improves the heat dissipation effect of the sensor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of optical sensors, and in particular to an adjustable optical detection sensor and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Optical sensors have the advantages of strong anti-interference and high transmission speed, mainly including optical measuring instruments, laser interference, gratings, encoders and optical fiber optical sensors and instruments. A rotary encoder is a rotary angle sensor that pre-encodes the angular position relationship and can output the measured value. The existing optical rotary encoder lacks a cooling mechanism inside, and the components are easily affected by high temperature and age. The existing patent announcement number CN115077578B discloses a rotary optical detection sensor. The device can accelerate the dissipation of heat inside the device by installing a heat dissipation component on the rotary encoder component, avoiding the components from being in a high temperature state for a long time, thereby extending the service life of the device.

[0003] However, the heat dissipation component of the device is a constant heat dissipation, and it remains in working condition when there is no overheating, which is prone to the problem of ineffective heat dissipation. In addition, as a sensor, the air inlet and exhaust port make the device connected to the outside world, and dust can easily enter it. Long-term accumulation will interfere with the reception of optical signals.

[0004] Based on this, an adjustable optical detection sensor and a method of using the same are now provided, which can eliminate the disadvantages of existing devices. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an adjustable optical detection sensor and a method of using the same, which solves the problems of poor heat dissipation and dust coverage in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] An adjustable optical detection sensor includes a lower shell, an upper shell is matched at the upper end of the lower shell, a rotating shaft is rotatably provided at the center position of the bottom of the lower shell, a light detection component is provided on the rotating shaft, a guide shell is provided at the lower end of the lower shell, a plurality of connecting columns are provided at the lower end of the guide shell, and a positioning hole is provided on each connecting column, so as to facilitate the installation of the sensor, and a heat dissipation component for blowing air to the interior of the upper shell is provided on the upper shell.

[0008] On the basis of the above technical solution, the present invention also provides the following optional technical solution:

[0009] In the optional scheme: the heat dissipation component includes a sliding notch arranged at the upper end of the upper shell, a floating cylinder is slidably provided at the position of the sliding notch, an air intake filter for filtering the air is distributed on the outside of the floating cylinder, the lower end of the floating cylinder is connected to the floating seat, a plurality of reset side blocks are distributed on the outside of the floating seat, a reset guide rod is slidably provided on the reset side block, the upper end of the reset guide rod is connected and fixed to the top of the upper shell, the reset side block and the top of the upper shell are connected by a reset spring, a rotating inner cylinder is rotatably provided at the middle position of the lower end of the floating cylinder, there is a gap between the upper end of the rotating inner cylinder and the top of the floating cylinder, an air intake blade is provided at the upper port of the rotating inner cylinder, a plurality of jet pipes blowing downwards are provided at the lower end of the rotating inner cylinder, and an expansion clutch is provided between the rotating shaft and the rotating inner cylinder.

[0010] In an optional scheme: the expansion clutch includes an expansion filling chamber arranged at the upper end of the rotating shaft, the expansion filling chamber is filled with an expansion filler, such as mercury, and a piston block is slidably fitted in the expansion filling chamber. The cross-sections of the piston block and the liquid inlet cooling tube are rectangular, a push rod is fixedly provided at the upper end of the piston block, an active friction block is fixedly provided at the upper end of the push rod, a central friction block is provided at the center position of the lower end of the rotating inner cylinder, and the contact surfaces of the central friction block and the active friction block are provided with an anti-slip layer.

[0011] In an optional solution: a plurality of exhaust ports are provided on the outer side of the lower shell where the guide shell is located, a sealing ring plate is slidingly provided on the inner wall of the lower shell where the exhaust ports are located, a bearing ring is rotatably provided on the outer side of the upper end of the push rod, and the outer ring of the bearing ring is connected to the sealing ring plate through a plurality of sealing connecting rods.

[0012] In an optional solution: the air injection pipe is a conical structure with a wide upper end and a narrow lower end.

[0013] In an optional solution: the light detection component includes a grating ring arranged on a rotating shaft, a detection isolation cylinder is fixedly provided inside the lower shell body where the grating ring is located, a light source generator located below the grating ring is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the detection isolation cylinder, a coding circuit board is fixedly provided at the upper end of the detection isolation cylinder, a through hole is provided in the center of the coding circuit board for facilitating the passage of the rotating shaft, and a light receiving block A corresponding to the light source generator is provided at the lower end of the coding circuit board.

[0014] In an optional scheme: a liquid cooling heat dissipation mechanism is also provided on the encoding circuit board, and the liquid cooling heat dissipation mechanism includes a liquid heat absorption box arranged at the upper end of the encoding circuit board, the upper end surface of the liquid heat absorption box is a conical structure, and a central through hole is provided in the middle position of the liquid heat absorption box, and the liquid heat absorption box is filled with cooling liquid, and a plurality of liquid inlet cooling pipes are arranged inside the encoding circuit board, the lower end of the liquid inlet cooling pipe is connected to the horizontal pipe, and the other end of the horizontal pipe is connected to the liquid discharge cooling pipe, and the other end of the liquid discharge cooling pipe is connected to the outside of the liquid heat absorption box, and a circulation driving member for promoting the circulation of liquid in the liquid inlet cooling pipe and the liquid discharge cooling pipe is provided inside the liquid heat absorption box.

[0015] In an optional solution: the circulation driving member includes a liquid inlet baffle plate coaxially fixed inside the liquid heat absorption box, a flow gap is provided between the liquid inlet baffle plate and the inner wall of the liquid heat absorption box, a liquid inlet baffle plate is rotatably provided in the flow gap, a plurality of driving notches are distributed on the liquid inlet baffle plate, a fluid pushing blade for pushing the liquid upward is provided on the driving notch, and a magnetic driving unit for driving the liquid inlet baffle plate to rotate is provided between the pushing rod and the liquid inlet baffle plate.

[0016] In an optional solution: the magnetic drive unit includes an active disk arranged on the outside of the push rod, a plurality of first magnetic blocks are distributed on the outside of the upper end of the active disk, a plurality of driven rings are provided on the inner wall of the liquid inlet baffle plate, the plurality of driven rings correspond to the positions of the first magnetic blocks, the magnetic poles of the driven rings and the first magnetic blocks are opposite, and the initial height of the driven rings is higher than the height of the first magnetic block.

[0017] In an optional solution: a semiconductor refrigeration plate is provided at the bottom of the lower shell body, a heat-conducting block corresponding to the horizontal tube is provided at the upper end of the semiconductor refrigeration plate, a plurality of first heat dissipation fins are provided at the lower end of the semiconductor refrigeration plate, the semiconductor refrigeration plate is an annular structure, the semiconductor refrigeration plate is electrically connected to the trigger switch on the inner wall of the lower shell body, the trigger switch is located on the upper side of the sliding stroke of the sealing ring plate, an air guide ring plate extending toward the lower shell body is provided on the outer side of the lower end of the guide shell body, and a guide gap is constructed between the guide shell body and the outer wall of the lower shell body.

[0018] In an optional solution: a plurality of second heat dissipating fins are distributed on the upper end surface of the liquid heat absorption box, and the second heat dissipating fins are arranged obliquely along the top surface of the liquid heat absorption box.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. The present invention configures the heat dissipation component to be a structure triggered by thermal expansion. Under normal conditions, active heat dissipation will not be performed. Heat dissipation will only be triggered when the temperature reaches a set value. The initial heat dissipation is air cooling. As the expansion increases, liquid cooling will be triggered, thereby achieving graded heat dissipation and greatly improving the heat dissipation effect on the sensor.

[0021] 2. The present invention can actively cool the liquid by providing a semiconductor refrigeration structure, thereby further improving the heat dissipation effect.

[0022] 3. The present invention pushes the floating cylinder and the sealing ring plate to move by expanding the clutch, so that the air inlet and the air outlet are opened when heat is dissipated, and the air inlet and the air outlet are closed when not working, thereby ensuring the sealing of the sensor, preventing dust from adhering to the electronic components, and ensuring the stability of the sensor operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the lower structure of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the internal upper structure of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the internal lower structure of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the liquid heat absorption box of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of the structure.

[0029] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the lower structure of the grating ring of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the upper structure of the grating ring of the present invention.

[0031] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the sealing ring plate structure of the present invention.

[0032] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sealing connecting rod and the heat absorption box of the present invention.

[0033] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the coding circuit board of the present invention.

[0034] Fig.12 It is a structural schematic diagram of the second heat dissipation fin arrangement of the present invention.

[0035] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the floating cylinder of the present invention.

[0036] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the floating cylinder of the present invention.

[0037] Reference numerals: upper housing 100, connecting column 102, lower housing 103, positioning hole 104, flow guide housing 105, semiconductor cooling sheet 107, first heat dissipation fin 108, heat conduction block 109, docking slot 110;

[0038] Rotating shaft 200;

[0039] Floating cylinder 300, return spring 301, return side block 302, return guide rod 303, air intake filter 304, rotating inner cylinder 305, air intake blade 306, central friction block 307, jet pipe 308, floating seat 309;

[0040] Bearing ring 400, blocking connecting rod 401, blocking ring plate 402, flow guide gap 403, exhaust port 404, air guide ring plate 405;

[0041] Active friction block 501, push rod 502, liquid discharge cooling pipe 503, liquid inlet cooling pipe 504, piston block 505, expansion filling chamber 506, grating ring 507, encoding circuit board 508, second heat dissipation fin 509, liquid heat absorption box 510, central perforation 511, first magnetic block 512, active disk 513, liquid inlet baffle plate 514, driving notch 515, driven ring 516, detection isolation cylinder 517, light source generator 518, trigger switch 519;

[0042] Bolt member 600 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] like Figure 1-Figure 14 As shown, the embodiment of the present invention provides an adjustable optical detection sensor, including a lower shell 103, an upper shell 100 is matched at the upper end of the lower shell 103, a rotating shaft 200 is rotatably provided at the center of the bottom of the lower shell 103, a light detection component is provided on the rotating shaft 200, a guide housing 105 is provided at the lower end of the lower shell 103, a plurality of connecting columns 102 are provided at the lower end of the guide housing 105, and a positioning hole 104 is provided on each connecting column 102, so as to facilitate the installation of the sensor, and a heat dissipation component for blowing air into the upper shell 100 is provided on the upper shell 100;

[0045] The heat dissipation component includes a sliding notch arranged at the upper end of the upper shell 100, and a floating cylinder 300 is slidably provided at the position of the sliding notch. An air intake filter 304 for filtering air is distributed on the outside of the floating cylinder 300, and the lower end of the floating cylinder 300 is connected to a floating seat 309, and a plurality of reset side blocks 302 are distributed on the outside of the floating seat 309. A reset guide rod 303 is slidably provided on the reset side block 302, and the upper end of the reset guide rod 303 is connected and fixed to the top of the upper shell 100. The reset side block 302 and the top of the upper shell 100 are connected by a reset spring 301. Under the action of the reset spring 301, the reset side block 302 will drive the floating cylinder 300 to be retracted into the upper shell 100, so that the air intake port of the sensor is in a closed state when not working to prevent dust from entering. A rotating inner cylinder 305 is rotatably provided at the middle position of the lower end of the floating cylinder 300. There is a gap between the upper end of the cylinder 305 and the top of the floating cylinder 300. An air intake blade 306 is provided at the upper end of the rotating inner cylinder 305. A plurality of air jets 308 blowing downward are provided at the lower end of the rotating inner cylinder 305. An expansion clutch is provided between the rotating shaft 200 and the rotating inner cylinder 305. When the temperature inside the lower shell 103 is higher than the set value, the rotating shaft 200 drives the rotating inner cylinder 305 to rotate under the action of the expansion clutch. The rotating inner cylinder 305 drives the air intake blades 306 to rotate. The air intake blades 306 promote the outside air to enter the upper shell 100 along the air jets 308. Under the action of the expansion clutch, the floating cylinder 300 extends from the upper shell 100. At this time, the air intake filter 304 is exposed and the outside air begins to enter. When this automatic telescopic mode is not working, the dust on the upper surface of the air intake filter 304 will be scraped away by the upper shell 100, which helps to ensure the smoothness of the filter hole.

[0046] The expansion clutch comprises an expansion filling chamber 506 arranged at the upper end of the rotating shaft 200, the expansion filling chamber 506 is filled with expansion filler, such as mercury, a piston block 505 is slidably matched in the expansion filling chamber 506, the cross-section of the piston block 505 and the liquid inlet cooling pipe 504 is rectangular, a push rod 502 is fixedly provided at the upper end of the piston block 505, an active friction block 501 is fixedly provided at the upper end of the push rod 502, a central friction block 307 is provided at the center position of the lower end of the rotating inner cylinder 305, and the contact surfaces of the central friction block 307 and the active friction block 501 are both provided with an anti-slip layer, when the temperature inside the detection isolation cylinder 517 is high, the filler in the expansion filling chamber 506 will expand due to heat, and after expansion, it will drive the piston block 505 to slide, and the piston block 505 will drive the active friction block 501 to move upward through the push rod 502, and when the active friction block 501 is fully in contact with the central friction block 307, under the action of friction, the rotating inner cylinder 305 will obtain rotational power, thereby actively dissipating heat;

[0047] The heat dissipation method in this application is triggered only when the internal temperature reaches the point where heat dissipation is required, thus avoiding the problem of ineffective heat dissipation;

[0048] A plurality of exhaust ports 404 are provided on the outer side of the lower shell 103 where the guide housing 105 is located. A blocking ring plate 402 is slidably provided on the inner wall of the lower shell 103 where the exhaust ports 404 are located. A bearing ring 400 is rotatably provided on the outer side of the upper end of the push rod 502. The outer ring of the bearing ring 400 is connected to the blocking ring plate 402 through a plurality of blocking connecting rods 401. In this way, only after the expansion clutch is triggered, the push rod 502 moves upward, and the blocking connecting rod 401 drives the blocking ring plate 402 to move upward, thereby exposing the exhaust ports 404. When heat dissipation is required, the exhaust ports 404 will be blocked by the blocking ring plate 402, thereby preventing the entry of external dust.

[0049] The jet pipe 308 is a tapered structure with a wide upper end and a narrow lower end. The tapered structure helps to compress the air. When the compressed air is ejected from the jet pipe 308, it expands, thereby reducing its own temperature, thereby further improving the cooling effect.

[0050] The light detection assembly includes a grating ring 507 arranged on the rotating shaft 200, a detection isolation cylinder 517 is fixedly arranged inside the lower shell 103 where the grating ring 507 is located, a light source generator 518 located below the grating ring 507 is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the detection isolation cylinder 517, and an encoding circuit board 508 is fixedly arranged on the upper end of the detection isolation cylinder 517. A through hole is arranged in the center of the encoding circuit board 508 for the rotating shaft 200 to pass through, and a light receiving block A corresponding to the light source generator 518 is arranged at the lower end of the encoding circuit board 508. The grating ring 507 is driven to rotate rapidly by the rotating shaft 200, and the light emitted by the light source generator 518 will be intermittently received by the light receiving block A, so that the rotation speed detection can be completed quickly;

[0051] The upper end of the lower housing 103 is provided with a docking slot 110 for facilitating docking with the upper housing 100. The outer side of the lower housing 103 is screwed with a bolt member 600 for pressing the outer side of the upper housing 100 to facilitate maintenance and disassembly of the device.

[0052] The coding circuit board 508 is also provided with a liquid cooling heat dissipation mechanism, which includes a liquid heat absorption box 510 arranged at the upper end of the coding circuit board 508, the upper end surface of the liquid heat absorption box 510 is a conical structure, and a central through hole 511 is provided in the middle of the liquid heat absorption box 510. The liquid heat absorption box 510 is filled with cooling liquid, and a plurality of liquid inlet cooling pipes 504 are arranged inside the coding circuit board 508. The lower end of the liquid inlet cooling pipe 504 is connected to the horizontal pipe, and the other end of the horizontal pipe is connected to the liquid discharge cooling pipe 503, and the other end of the liquid discharge cooling pipe 503 is connected to the outside of the liquid heat absorption box 510. A circulation pusher for promoting the circulation of liquid in the liquid inlet cooling pipe 504 and the liquid discharge cooling pipe 503 is provided inside the liquid heat absorption box 510. The circulation pusher can drive the liquid to flow back and forth, thereby improving the heat dissipation effect of the coding circuit board 508;

[0053] It should be noted that the liquid cooling trigger displacement here is larger than the air cooling trigger displacement, so that the sensor can achieve graded cooling;

[0054] The circulation pusher includes a liquid inlet baffle plate 514 coaxially fixed inside the liquid heat absorption box 510, a flow gap is provided between the liquid inlet baffle plate 514 and the inner wall of the liquid heat absorption box 510, a liquid inlet baffle plate 514 is rotatably provided in the flow gap, a plurality of driving notches 515 are distributed on the liquid inlet baffle plate 514, and a fluid pushing blade for pushing the liquid upward is provided on the driving notch 515, a magnetic driving unit for driving the liquid inlet baffle plate 514 to rotate is provided between the pushing rod 502 and the liquid inlet baffle plate 514, and the liquid inlet baffle plate 514 is driven to rotate by the magnetic driving unit, and the fluid pushing blades on the liquid inlet baffle plate 514 will cause the liquid to flow upward from the flow gap, thereby promoting the circulation of the liquid, thereby taking away the heat inside the encoding circuit board 508;

[0055] The magnetic drive unit includes an active disk 513 arranged on the outside of the push rod 502, and a plurality of first magnetic blocks 512 are distributed on the outer side of the upper end of the active disk 513. A plurality of driven rings 516 are arranged on the inner wall of the liquid inlet baffle plate 514, and the plurality of driven rings 516 correspond to the positions of the first magnetic blocks 512. The magnetic poles of the driven rings 516 and the first magnetic blocks 512 are opposite. In the initial state, the height of the driven ring 516 is higher than the height of the first magnetic block 512. When starting to work, due to the different heights of the driven ring 516 and the first magnetic block 512, the magnetic drive will not be completed at this time. However, when the active disk 513 moves upward to the maximum position along with the push rod 502, the positions of the first magnetic block 512 and the driven ring 516 correspond to each other. At this time, under the action of the magnetic force, the liquid inlet baffle plate 514 will rotate rapidly, thereby providing power for the liquid inlet baffle plate 514.

[0056] A semiconductor cooling sheet 107 is provided at the bottom of the lower shell 103, a heat conducting block 109 corresponding to the horizontal tube is provided at the upper end of the semiconductor cooling sheet 107, and a plurality of first heat dissipation fins 108 are provided at the lower end of the semiconductor cooling sheet 107. The semiconductor cooling sheet 107 is an annular structure, and the semiconductor cooling sheet 107 is electrically connected to a trigger switch 519 on the inner wall of the lower shell 103. The trigger switch 519 is located on the upper side of the sliding stroke of the blocking ring plate 402. The outer side of the lower end of the guide shell 105 is provided with a heat conduction block 109 corresponding to the horizontal tube. A plurality of first heat dissipation fins 108 are provided at the lower end of the guide shell 105. The extended air guide ring plate 405 forms a guide gap 403 between the guide housing 105 and the outer wall of the lower housing 103. When the blocking ring plate 402 moves upward to trigger the trigger switch 519, the semiconductor refrigeration plate 107 starts to work. Under the guidance of the air guide ring plate 405, the air flow blows toward the first heat dissipation fin 108, thereby taking away the heat from the heating surface of the first heat dissipation fin 108. The cooling surface of the semiconductor refrigeration plate 107 cools the horizontal tube through the heat conduction block 109, thereby further improving the liquid heat dissipation effect.

[0057] A plurality of second heat dissipating fins 509 are distributed on the upper end surface of the liquid heat absorption box 510 , and the second heat dissipating fins 509 are arranged obliquely along the top surface of the liquid heat absorption box 510 .

[0058] Working principle: In actual use, in the initial state, when the heat inside the sensor does not meet the standard, there is no need for heat dissipation, so the expansion clutch will not be triggered. As the heat meets the standard, the filler in the expansion filling cavity 506 will expand due to the heat, and the expansion will drive the piston block 505 to slide. The piston block 505 will drive the active friction block 501 to move upward through the push rod 502. When the active friction block 501 is in full contact with the central friction block 307, the rotating inner cylinder 305 will obtain rotational power under the action of friction, thereby actively dissipating heat. After the expansion clutch is triggered, the push rod 502 moves upward, and the blocking connecting rod 401 drives the blocking ring plate 402 to move upward, thereby exposing the exhaust port 404. When heat dissipation is required, the exhaust port 404 will be blocked by the blocking ring plate 402, thereby preventing the entry of external dust.

[0059] The circulating pusher can drive the liquid to flow back and forth, thereby improving the heat dissipation effect of the encoder circuit board 508;

[0060] When the sealing ring plate 402 moves upward to trigger the trigger switch 519, the semiconductor refrigeration plate 107 starts to work, and under the guidance of the air guide ring plate 405, the air flow blows toward the first heat dissipating fin 108, thereby taking away the heat from the heating surface of the first heat dissipating fin 108, and the cooling surface of the semiconductor refrigeration plate 107 will cool the horizontal tube through the heat conductive block 109, thereby further improving the liquid heat dissipation effect.

[0061] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adjustable optical detection sensor, characterized in that: The invention comprises a lower shell (103), an upper shell (100) is matched with the upper end of the lower shell (103), a rotating shaft (200) is rotatably provided at the center of the bottom of the lower shell (103), a light detection component is provided on the rotating shaft (200), a flow guide housing (105) is provided at the lower end of the lower shell (103), a plurality of connecting columns (102) are provided at the lower end of the flow guide housing (105), each connecting column (102) is provided with a positioning hole (104), and a heat dissipation component for blowing air into the interior of the upper shell (100) is provided on the upper shell (100); The heat dissipation assembly comprises a sliding notch arranged at the upper end of the upper shell (100), a floating cylinder (300) is slidably arranged at the position of the sliding notch, an air intake filter (304) for filtering air is arranged on the outer side of the floating cylinder (300), the lower end of the floating cylinder (300) is connected to a floating seat (309), a plurality of reset side blocks (302) are arranged on the outer side of the floating seat (309), a reset guide rod (303) is slidably arranged on the reset side block (302), and the upper end of the reset guide rod (303) is fixedly connected to the top of the upper shell (100). The reset side block (302) and the top of the upper shell (100) are connected via a reset spring (301); a rotating inner cylinder (305) is rotatably provided at the middle position of the lower end of the floating cylinder (300); a gap exists between the upper end of the rotating inner cylinder (305) and the top of the floating cylinder (300); an air intake blade (306) is provided at the upper port of the rotating inner cylinder (305); a plurality of air injection pipes (308) for blowing air downward are provided at the lower end of the rotating inner cylinder (305); and an expansion clutch is provided between the rotating shaft (200) and the rotating inner cylinder (305).

2. The adjustable optical detection sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The expansion clutch comprises an expansion filling chamber (506) arranged at the upper end of the rotating shaft (200), the expansion filling chamber (506) being filled with expansion filler, a piston block (505) being slidably matched in the expansion filling chamber (506), the piston block (505) and the liquid inlet cooling pipe (504) having rectangular cross-sections, a push rod (502) being fixedly provided at the upper end of the piston block (505), an active friction block (501) being fixedly provided at the upper end of the push rod (502), a central friction block (307) being provided at the center position of the lower end of the rotating inner cylinder (305), and the contact surfaces of the central friction block (307) and the active friction block (501) being provided with anti-slip layers.

3. The adjustable optical detection sensor according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of exhaust ports (404) are provided on the outer side of the lower shell body (103) where the guide shell (105) is located, a sealing ring plate (402) is slidably provided on the inner wall of the lower shell body (103) where the exhaust ports (404) are located, a bearing ring (400) is rotatably provided on the outer side of the upper end of the push rod (502), and the outer ring of the bearing ring (400) is connected to the sealing ring plate (402) via a plurality of sealing connecting rods (401).

4. The adjustable optical detection sensor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The light detection assembly comprises a grating ring (507) arranged on a rotating shaft (200); a detection isolation cylinder (517) is fixedly provided inside a lower shell (103) where the grating ring (507) is located; a light source generator (518) located below the grating ring (507) is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the detection isolation cylinder (517); a coding circuit board (508) is fixedly provided at the upper end of the detection isolation cylinder (517); a through hole is provided at the center of the coding circuit board (508) for the rotating shaft (200) to pass through; and a light receiving block A corresponding to the light source generator (518) is provided at the lower end of the coding circuit board (508).

5. The adjustable optical detection sensor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The encoding circuit board (508) is also provided with a liquid cooling and heat dissipation mechanism, the liquid cooling and heat dissipation mechanism comprising a liquid heat absorption box (510) arranged at the upper end of the encoding circuit board (508), the upper end surface of the liquid heat absorption box (510) being a conical structure, a central through hole (511) being provided in the middle of the liquid heat absorption box (510), the liquid heat absorption box (510) being filled with cooling liquid, a plurality of liquid inlet cooling pipes (504) being arranged inside the encoding circuit board (508), the lower end of the liquid inlet cooling pipe (504) being connected to a horizontal pipe, the other end of the horizontal pipe being connected to a liquid discharge cooling pipe (503), the other end of the liquid discharge cooling pipe (503) being connected to the outside of the liquid heat absorption box (510), and a circulation pusher for promoting the circulation of liquid in the liquid inlet cooling pipe (504) and the liquid discharge cooling pipe (503) being provided inside the liquid heat absorption box (510).

6. The adjustable optical detection sensor according to claim 5, characterized in that: The circulation pusher comprises a liquid inlet baffle plate (514) coaxially fixed inside the liquid heat absorption box (510), a flow gap is provided between the liquid inlet baffle plate (514) and the inner wall of the liquid heat absorption box (510), a liquid inlet baffle plate (514) is rotatably provided in the flow gap, a plurality of driving notches (515) are distributed on the liquid inlet baffle plate (514), and a fluid pushing blade for pushing the liquid upward is provided on the driving notch (515), and a magnetic driving unit for driving the liquid inlet baffle plate (514) to rotate is provided between the pushing rod (502) and the liquid inlet baffle plate (514).

7. The adjustable optical detection sensor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The magnetic drive unit comprises an active disk (513) arranged on the outside of the push rod (502), a plurality of first magnetic blocks (512) are distributed on the outside of the upper end of the active disk (513), a plurality of driven rings (516) are arranged on the inner wall of the liquid inlet baffle plate (514), the plurality of driven rings (516) correspond to the positions of the first magnetic blocks (512), the magnetic poles of the driven rings (516) and the first magnetic blocks (512) are opposite, and the initial height of the driven rings (516) is higher than the height of the first magnetic blocks (512).

8. The adjustable optical detection sensor according to claim 7, characterized in that: A semiconductor cooling plate (107) is provided at the bottom of the lower shell (103); a heat conducting block (109) corresponding to the horizontal tube is provided at the upper end of the semiconductor cooling plate (107); a plurality of first heat dissipation fins (108) are provided at the lower end of the semiconductor cooling plate (107); the semiconductor cooling plate (107) is an annular structure; the semiconductor cooling plate (107) is electrically connected to a trigger switch (519) on the inner wall of the lower shell (103); the trigger switch (519) is located on the upper side of the sliding stroke of the sealing ring plate (402); an air guide ring plate (405) extending toward the lower shell (103) is provided on the outer side of the lower end of the guide shell (105); and a guide gap (403) is constructed between the guide shell (105) and the outer wall of the lower shell (103).

9. A method for using the adjustable optical detection sensor according to claim 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: In the initial state, when the heat inside the sensor does not reach the standard, there is no need to dissipate heat, so the expansion clutch will not be triggered; Step 2: When the temperature reaches the set value, the expansion clutch is triggered, and when the active friction block (501) is in full contact with the central friction block (307), the rotating inner cylinder (305) obtains rotational power under the action of friction, thereby actively dissipating heat. The circulating pusher can drive the liquid to flow back and forth, thereby improving the heat dissipation effect of the encoder circuit board (508); Step three: When the sealing ring plate (402) moves upward to trigger the trigger switch (519), the semiconductor refrigeration plate (107) starts to work. Under the guidance of the air guide ring plate (405), the air flow is blown toward the first heat dissipation fin (108) under the guidance of the air guide ring plate (405), thereby taking away the heat from the heating surface of the first heat dissipation fin (108). The cooling surface of the semiconductor refrigeration plate (107) will cool the horizontal tube through the heat conduction block (109), thereby further improving the liquid heat dissipation effect.

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