Turnout steel rail heel end integral multi-station forming device and hot forging forming equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses a turnout steel rail heel end integral multi-station forming device and hot forging forming equipment. The forming device comprises a module, a fixing plate and a template. The modules comprise an upper module and a lower module, a plurality of heating elements are arranged in the upper module and the lower module, and the heating elements are used for preheating the upper module and the lower module; the fixing plate comprises an upper fixing plate and a lower fixing plate, the upper fixing plate is arranged above the upper module, and the lower fixing plate is arranged below the lower module; the mold plate comprises an upper mold plate and a lower mold plate, the upper mold plate is arranged above the upper fixing plate, a fastening device used for being connected with the upper fixing plate is arranged on the upper mold plate, the lower mold plate is arranged below the lower fixing plate, and a separating device used for separating the lower fixing plate is arranged on the lower mold plate. The device can quickly preheat the module, the position of the heating rod is arranged according to the shape and size of the module, the temperature can be controlled according to different preheating requirements of the module, the module heating speed is high, the continuous heating time of the heating rod is short, and damage is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of hot forging equipment for rail heel ends, and in particular to an integral multi-station forming device and a press for a turnout rail heel end. Background Art

[0002] At present, there are two main hot forging processes for rail heel ends: combined die step-by-step forming process and integral multi-station continuous forming process. The integral multi-station forming process uses an integral die and belongs to a new generation of rail heel forming process. The combined die belongs to an old generation of rail heel forming process and has been gradually eliminated by the railway turnout industry. At present, the preheating of rail heel forming dies in the turnout industry generally adopts electric heating. Electric heating generally adopts a heating resistance wire device, and the resistance wire arrangement structure is designed according to the die structure. Both the combined step-by-step forming die and the integral multi-station continuous forming die can adopt electric heating.

[0003] Patent application CN115647281A discloses a preheating method for a combined step-by-step forming mold, which uses a heating resistance wire device to penetrate into the combined mold station, and bakes the mold surface through the heat radiation of the heating resistance wire, which is similar to the small sun used for baking in daily life. The mold surface is preheated by long-term baking, and the mold temperature is gradually transmitted from the outside to the inside, and the preheating time is relatively long. It is difficult to ensure that the distance between the resistance wire and the mold cavity surface is consistent every time the preheating is performed, and it is also impossible to ensure consistency between different mold cavities and different position areas of the same mold cavity, and the mold temperature rise effect is not ideal. Although this method can be upgraded to program automatic temperature control, it is necessary to design a support structure to arrange the resistance wire in the gap between the molds, and arrange a temperature measuring device to detect the mold temperature. The patent has the following problems: 1. Compared with the preheating rail baking method, the mold used for single-shift production installed on the press equipment can only be preheated on the press workbench when the movable forming device is used for preheating before leaving get off work, and the rolling plate and shaping plate mold installed on the press slide cannot be preheated. 2. Before changing the mold, place the mold to be replaced in a fixed molding device and preheat it to 200°. Install the preheated molds one by one into the press. After preheating, the molds need to be fixed in the press. The connecting parts between the molds need to be manually installed and fixed. The high-temperature molds after preheating cannot be manually operated, which poses a serious safety hazard.

[0004] Patent application CN116213642A discloses an integral multi-station continuous forming mold, which adopts an electric heating preheating method, specifically a heating resistance wire device to preheat the integral multi-station forming mold of the heel end of the rail. The heating resistance wire device penetrates into the gap between the upper and lower molds of each station, and the upper and lower mold surfaces are baked for a long time by the heat radiation of the heating resistance wire, so that the mold temperature is raised to the use requirements. The industry generally adopts the method of winding resistance wires on the outer circumference of high-temperature resistant round tubes. Multiple round tubes are arranged side by side on the supporting mechanism, and the supporting mechanism is moved as a whole to the mold to bake the mold, which requires equipment space. After the preheating is completed, the forming device is moved out as a whole, and the upper and lower molds can be closed to forge the rail. The rail heel end profiling presses are all specially designed and manufactured. The press and mold structure are relatively compact, and there is basically no extra space to arrange the device. In order to realize the function of preheating the mold with the resistance wire device, the device structure is often designed to be relatively bulky, and it is not very practical in actual production.

[0005] Invention patent CN101912945A discloses a forging method for the heel end of an AT rail, which uses a circular heating rod embedded in the upper and lower templates of the overall multi-station continuous forming mold for preheating. The circular heating rod of this method is inserted into the template and forms an axial hole with the circular hole processed on the template. The upper and lower templates are respectively processed with circular holes matching the heating rod. The actual module cavity temperature is heated by heat transfer from the template temperature connected to it. Compared with the aforementioned thermal radiation heat transfer, the heat of the heating rod is basically all transferred to the template in contact with it, with high thermal efficiency, high mold preheating efficiency, and short preheating time. The upper and lower templates are often larger in size than the modules of each station, and the temperature of the upper and lower templates is higher than the modules above them. The upper and lower templates are square, and the length, width and thickness match the fixing device of the rail forging press and cannot be changed. The three-step modules are respectively installed on the upper and lower templates, and the length and width of the templates are 100mm-200mm larger than the edge of the module. In actual use, the upper and lower templates are large in size. To increase the template temperature, the heating rod needs to keep heating for a long time. The heating conditions of the heating resistor wire are poor, and the heating rod is easy to burn. Part of the heat of the upper and lower templates is lost in the air, and part of it is conducted to the module installed on it to ensure that the temperature of the mold cavity is increased. In addition, the upper and lower templates are always in contact with the press workbench during the preheating process, and a large part of the heat is conducted to the equipment workbench. Although the equipment workbench has a cooling system and will not affect the equipment, it will cause heat loss and waste.

[0006] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art of integral multi-station continuous forming dies in the turnout industry, the present invention develops a method and device for preheating a rail heel end hot forging forming die. Summary of the invention

[0007] The invention provides a turnout rail heel integral multi-station forming device and hot forging forming equipment to solve the technical problems of uneven preheating, low thermal energy efficiency and poor preheating effect of existing rail molds.

[0008] According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a device for integrally forming a turnout rail heel end, the device comprising a module, a fixing plate and a template, the module being fixedly mounted on the fixing plate, the template being used to be connected to a press, the fixing plate and the template being detachably connected, and the fixing plate being used to be separated from the template when the module is preheated;

[0009] The module comprises an upper module and a lower module, and a plurality of heating elements are arranged inside the upper module and the lower module, and the heating elements are used for preheating the upper module and the lower module;

[0010] The fixing plate includes an upper fixing plate and a lower fixing plate, wherein the upper fixing plate is arranged above the upper module and used to install the upper module, and the lower fixing plate is arranged below the lower module and used to install the lower module;

[0011] The template includes an upper template and a lower template. The upper template is arranged above the upper fixed plate. The upper template is provided with a fastening device for connecting to the upper fixed plate. The upper template is used to be driven by a press to rise and separate relative to the upper fixed plate when the fastening device is in an unlocked state. The upper template is also used to be driven by a press to descend to abut the upper fixed plate and then be connected and fixed relative to the upper fixed plate through the fastening device; the lower template is arranged below the lower fixed plate. The lower template is provided with a separation device for driving the lower fixed plate to separate from the lower template or abut against the lower template.

[0012] Furthermore, the upper module and the lower module each include a plurality of workstations, the workstations of the upper module and the workstations of the lower module are arranged in one-to-one correspondence, and at least one heating element is provided inside each workstation of the upper module and the lower module.

[0013] Furthermore, at least one heating element is provided on the front and rear sides of each workstation in the upper module and the lower module.

[0014] Furthermore, at least one heating element is provided on the left and right sides of each workstation in the upper module and the lower module.

[0015] Furthermore, each station in the upper module and the lower module is provided with a thermocouple temperature measurement installation hole for installing a thermocouple.

[0016] Furthermore, one of the upper template and the upper fixed plate is provided with a plurality of positioning keys, and the other is provided with a corresponding plurality of positioning key slots, and the upper template is positioned relative to the upper fixed plate by the snap-fitting between the positioning keys and the positioning key slots; one of the lower template and the lower fixed plate is provided with a plurality of positioning keys, and the other is provided with a corresponding plurality of positioning key slots, and the lower fixed plate is positioned relative to the lower template by the snap-fitting between the positioning keys and the positioning key slots.

[0017] Furthermore, the thickness of the fixing plate is smaller than the thickness of the template.

[0018] Furthermore, the fastening device includes a hydraulic device arranged on the upper template and lugs arranged on both sides of the upper fixed plate, the lugs extend beyond the edge of the upper module, the piston rod of the hydraulic device cooperates with the lugs, and is used to clamp the upper template and the upper fixed plate when the piston rod is extended, and is used to separate the upper template and the upper fixed plate when the piston rod is retracted.

[0019] Furthermore, the separation device includes a hydraulic jacking device arranged on the lower template and a supporting plate arranged on both sides of the lower fixed plate. The supporting plate extends beyond the edge of the lower module. The jacking rod of the hydraulic jacking device cooperates with the supporting plate. When the jacking rod is lifted upward, it is used to separate the lower template from the lower fixed plate. When the jacking rod is retracted downward, it is used to fit the lower template with the lower fixed plate.

[0020] According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a hot forging forming equipment, including a press, the press including a workbench and a lower pressing piece arranged above the workbench and capable of being raised and lowered relative to the workbench, the hot forging forming equipment also includes the above-mentioned turnout rail heel end integral multi-station forming device, the upper template is arranged on the lower pressing piece, and the lower template is installed on the workbench.

[0021] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] 1. The molding device of the present invention is easy to install. By modifying the existing module, it can be installed and used on the existing equipment without the need to modify and upgrade the equipment mold. By arranging the heating element inside the module, the problem of insufficient preheating temperature of the module can be well solved.

[0023] 2. The device of the present invention can quickly preheat the module. The position of the heating element is arranged according to the shape and size of the module. The temperature can be controlled according to the different preheating requirements of the module. Since the heat generated by the heating element is directly transferred to the module, the module heats up quickly and the continuous heating time of the heating element is short, which reduces the harsh heating conditions of the resistance wire and reduces damage.

[0024] 3. The molding device of the present invention is designed with a fixing plate fixedly connected to the module. The thickness, width and length of the upper and lower fixing plates are much smaller than the thickness of the upper and lower templates. The template and the fixing plate are connected and separated by a fastening device and a separating device. When heating, the fixing plate is separated from the template to reduce the module preheating load, thereby ensuring that the module preheating efficiency is improved, and the temperature required by the process can be quickly reached, avoiding long-term heating of the heating element, reducing damage, and ensuring the service life of the heating element.

[0025] 4. The device of the present invention has novel structure, ingenious design, simple and practical, convenient processing, installation and adjustment, convenient maintenance and use, cost saving, high cost performance, good versatility, can be modified and processed on existing modules, and is easy to install.

[0026] In addition to the above-described purposes, features and advantages, the present invention has other purposes, features and advantages. The present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] The drawings constituting a part of this application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0028] Figure 1 It is a side view structural schematic diagram of the molding device of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the top view of the upper fixing plate in the molding device of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 It is a side view structural schematic diagram of the lower module in the molding device of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the top view of the lower fixing plate in the molding device of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the top view of the lower module and the heating unit in the molding device of the present invention.

[0033] Among them: 1. upper module, 2. lower module, 3. upper fixing plate, 4. lower fixing plate, 5. upper template, 6. lower template, 7. heating element, 8. positioning key, 9. hydraulic device, 10. lug, 11. hydraulic jacking device, 12. ejector rod, 13. top support plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different ways as defined and covered below.

[0035] See also Figures 1 to 5The embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention provides an integral multi-station forming device for the heel end of a turnout rail, the forming device comprising a module, a fixed plate and a template, the module being fixedly mounted on the fixed plate, the template being used to be connected to a press, the fixed plate and the template being detachably connected, the fixed plate being used to be separated from the template when the module is preheated; the module comprising an upper module 1 and a lower module 2, the interiors of the upper module 1 and the lower module 2 being provided with a plurality of heating elements 7, the heating elements 7 being used to preheat the upper module 1 and the lower module 2; the fixed plate comprising an upper fixed plate 3 and a lower fixed plate 4, the upper fixed plate 3 being arranged above the upper module 1 and being used to fix the upper module 1 to the upper fixed plate 3, the lower fixing plate 4 is arranged below the lower module 2 for fixing the lower module 2 on the lower fixing plate 4; the template includes an upper template 5 and a lower template 6, the upper template 5 is arranged above the upper fixing plate 3, and a fastening device for connecting the upper fixing plate 3 is provided on the upper template 5, and the upper template 5 is used to be driven by the press to rise and separate relative to the upper fixing plate 3 when the fastening device is in an unlocked state, and the upper template 5 is also used to be driven by the press to descend to abut against the upper fixing plate 3 and then connected and fixed relative to the upper fixing plate 3 through the fastening device; the lower template 6 is arranged below the lower fixing plate 4, and a separation device for driving the lower fixing plate 4 to separate from the lower template 6 or abut against the lower template 6 is provided on the lower template 6.

[0036] In the forming device of the present application, a heating element 7 is provided in the module, which is used to preheat the module before forging the turnout rail heel end. The heating element 7 is a heating rod or other electric heating element, which is installed on the module. The installation position of the heating element is processed according to the module shape and temperature requirements, that is, the position and number of the heating element are adjusted according to the actual situation. The heating element is connected to the temperature control unit in the press control system, and the temperature control unit can set the module preheating temperature according to the actual process requirements. The module is installed on the fixed plate by screws. In this embodiment, the thickness, width and length of the fixed plate are all smaller than the existing template. The thickness of the fixed plate is 40mm-60mm, preferably 40mm, and the thickness of the template is 120mm-160mm or more. The thickness, width and length of the upper fixed plate 3 and the lower fixed plate 4 are much smaller than the thickness of the existing upper template 5 and the lower template 6, which can reduce the load of the heating element, avoid long-term heating, ensure the service life of the heating element, reduce the burning rate of the heating element, improve the preheating efficiency of the overall multi-station forming mold, and quickly reach the temperature required by the process.

[0037] The upper fixing plate 3 and the lower fixing plate 4 are used to fix the upper module 1 and the lower module 2, respectively, so that the upper module 1 and the lower module 2 are formed into a whole. A fastening device is provided between the upper template 5 and the upper fixing plate 3, and a separation device is provided between the lower template 6 and the lower fixing plate 4. When the upper module 1 and the lower module 2 are preheated, the upper template 5 is separated from the upper fixing plate 3 by the action of the press, and the lower template 6 is separated from the lower fixing plate 4 by the separation device, that is, the upper template 5 and the lower template 6 are not heated, and the heat conduction between the template and the equipment is reduced, which can reduce the load of the heating element, reduce energy consumption, and improve the preheating efficiency. After the module preheating is completed, when the heel end of the rail is pressed and formed, the upper template 5 is connected to the upper fixing plate 3 through the fastening device, and the separation device descends to fit the lower fixing plate 4 with the lower template 6, and the forging and forming of the heel end of the rail is completed together.

[0038] The molding device of the present invention is easy to install. By modifying the existing module, it can be installed and used on the existing equipment without the need to modify and upgrade the equipment mold. By setting the heating element 7 inside the module, the problem of insufficient module preheating temperature can be well solved. The molding device of the present invention can quickly preheat the module. The position of the heating element is arranged according to the shape and size of the module. The temperature can be controlled according to the different preheating requirements of the module. Since the heat generated by the heating element 7 is directly transmitted to the module, the module heating speed is fast and the continuous heating time of the heating rod is short. The molding device is designed with a fixed plate fixedly connected to the module. When heating, the fixed plate is separated from the template to reduce the module preheating load, ensure that the module preheating efficiency is improved, and the temperature required by the process can be quickly reached, avoiding long-term heating, reducing damage, and ensuring the service life of the heating element 7. The device of the present invention has a novel structure, ingenious design, simple and practical, convenient processing, installation and adjustment, convenient maintenance and use, cost saving, high cost performance, good versatility, can be modified and processed on the existing module, and is easy to install.

[0039] See also Figure 1In an embodiment of the present invention, the upper module 1 and the lower module 2 each include a plurality of stations, and the stations of the upper module (1) and the stations of the lower module (2) are arranged one by one, specifically divided into three corresponding station modules and mold cavities, and each station of the upper module 1 and the lower module 2 is provided with at least one heating element 7, and the setting position of the heating element 7 does not affect the normal use of the module. In the present invention, the three station modules form an integral multi-station molding mold. When setting the position of the heating element 7, it can be set according to the shape of each station module and the temperature requirements. At least one element is set inside each station module, and two, three or four or more heating elements 7 can be set according to the size of the module to improve the preheating efficiency. During preheating, the upper fixed plate 3 with the three-station upper module 1 installed and the lower fixed plate 4 with the three-station lower module 2 installed are molded as a whole, and the three-station module cavities correspond to each other to ensure that the rail can be molded and forged in the cavity. The upper template 5 is installed on the upper fixed plate 3 through the four positioning keys 8 fixed on the upper template 5 to ensure that the upper template 5 is fixed to the upper fixed plate 3. After the installation is completed, the module forms a whole, and the overall external dimensions of the module in the prior art remain unchanged.

[0040] See also Figure 5 In the embodiment of the present invention, at least one heating element 7 is respectively provided on the front and rear sides of each station in the upper module 1 and the lower module 2. The present invention divides the upper module 1 and the lower module 2 into two parts, front and rear, and sets corresponding heating elements 7 on the front and rear sides, and sets at least one heating element 7 on the front and rear sides of each station module. This arrangement can solve the problem that the heating element 7 of the existing mold preheating is easy to be damaged. By setting the heating elements 7 on the front and rear sides, the length of a single heating element 7 can be reduced, so that the hole processed on the module is also shortened, reducing the difficulty of deep hole processing, and at the same time, it can also reduce the difficulty of installing and disassembling the heating rod and reduce damage.

[0041] See also Figure 5 In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, at least one heating element 7 is provided on the left and right sides of each station in the upper module 1 and the lower module 2, and no heating element is provided in the middle. The present invention can provide a heating element 7 on both the left and right sides of each station module according to the outer width of each station module, so that the preheating temperature of the module is more uniform and the preheating efficiency can be improved. The setting position of the heating element 7 does not affect the normal use of the module.

[0042] In an embodiment of the present invention, each station module in the upper module 1 and the lower module 2 is provided with a thermocouple temperature measurement installation hole for installing a thermocouple. Each module is designed with a thermocouple temperature measurement installation hole, and the position is determined according to the actual size of the module so as not to interfere with or affect the normal use of the module. There is no special requirement for the position. The control system on the press includes a temperature control unit. The mold temperature control unit can set the module preheating temperature according to the actual process requirements. When the thermocouple detection temperature reaches the set temperature, the power supply of the heating element is automatically turned off and the heating element stops working; when the thermocouple detection temperature is lower than the set temperature, the power supply of the heating element is automatically turned on and the heating element starts heating.

[0043] See also Figure 1 , 2 4. In the embodiment of the present invention, one of the upper template 5 and the upper fixed plate 3 is provided with a plurality of positioning keys 8, and the other is provided with a plurality of corresponding positioning key slots. The upper template 5 is positioned relative to the upper fixed plate 3 by the snap-fitting of the positioning keys 8 and the positioning key slots; one of the lower template 6 and the lower fixed plate 4 is provided with a plurality of positioning keys 8, and the other is provided with a plurality of corresponding positioning key slots. The lower fixed plate 4 is positioned relative to the lower template 6 by the snap-fitting of the positioning keys 8 and the positioning key slots. The upper fixed plate 3 and the upper template 5 are positioned by the positioning keys 8 to ensure that the upper fixed plate 3 does not shift with the upper template 5 in the front, back, left, and right directions. The positioning keys 8 are cross-shaped and installed on the upper template 5 or the upper fixed plate 3 by screws. The upper module 1 is installed on the upper fixed plate 3 by screws. The upper fixed plate 3 is clamped and separated from the upper template 5 by fastening devices fixed on the upper template 5 on both sides; the length and width of the upper fixed plate 3 are the same as the size of the upper module 1, and the edge of the upper fixed plate 3 is consistent with the edge of the upper module 1. The lower fixing plate 4 and the lower template 6 are positioned by the positioning keys 8 to ensure that the lower fixing plate 4 does not shift with the lower template 6 in the front, back, left and right directions. The positioning keys 8 are cross-shaped and installed on the lower template 6 or the lower fixing plate 4 by screws. The lower module 2 is installed on the lower fixing plate 4 by screws. The length and width of the lower fixing plate 4 are the same as the size of the lower module 2, and the edge of the lower fixing plate 4 is consistent with the edge of the lower module 2.

[0044] In an embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the fixing plate is less than the thickness of the template. The thickness of the fixing plate is 40 mm-60 mm, and can also be adjusted according to actual needs. The thickness of the template is 120 mm-160 mm. The present invention reduces the energy consumption of the heating element when preheating the module by reducing the thickness of the fixing plate.

[0045] In an embodiment of the present invention, the fastening device includes a hydraulic device 9 arranged on the upper mold plate 5 and lugs 10 arranged on both sides of the upper fixed plate 3, the lugs 10 exceed the edge of the upper module 1, the piston rod of the hydraulic device 9 cooperates with the lugs 10, and is used to clamp the upper mold plate 5 and the upper fixed plate 3 when the piston rod is extended, and is used to separate the upper mold plate 5 from the upper fixed plate 3 when the piston rod is retracted. The hydraulic device 9 is a small hydraulic device 9, and the lugs 10 on the upper fixed plate 3 are designed to achieve an oblique angle that matches the clamping of the piston rod in the hydraulic device 9 at the contact point with the small hydraulic device 9, and the lugs 10 that exceed the edge of the module ensure that the clamping contact has good guiding performance and the clamping is stable and reliable. The pipeline of the hydraulic clamping device is connected to the hydraulic system of the press equipment, and can be controlled by the hydraulic system to complete the clamping and loosening of the fixed plate. The piston rod head of the small hydraulic clamping device is designed with an angled surface that matches the lug 10 of the upper fixing plate 3. When the piston rod is extended, the angled surface of the head is in close contact with the lug 10 to clamp the upper fixing plate 3; when the piston rod is retracted, the piston rod moves out of the range of the lug 10, completely loosening the upper fixing plate 3, and the upper fixing plate 3 can be separated from the upper template 5.

[0046] In an embodiment of the present invention, the separation device includes a hydraulic jacking device 11 arranged on the lower template 6 and a support plate 13 arranged on both sides of the lower fixed plate 4. The support plate 13 exceeds the edge of the lower module 2. The push rod 12 of the hydraulic jacking device 11 cooperates with the support plate 13. When the push rod 12 is lifted upward, it is used to separate the lower template 6 from the lower fixed plate 4. When the push rod 12 is retracted downward, it is used to fit the lower template 6 with the lower fixed plate 4. A plurality of hydraulic jacking devices 11 are arranged on the lower template 6 to achieve the fitting and lifting separation of the lower fixed plate 4 and the lower template 6. The number of hydraulic jacking devices 11 can be increased or decreased to an appropriate number according to the weight of the jacking mold, but at least 4. The first end of the support plate 13 is connected to the lower fixed plate 4, and the second end of the support plate 13 is inverted L-shaped and extends to the outside of the lower module 2. The push rod 12 is modified from a hydraulic piston rod, and its length is customized according to actual needs. It is designed to match the size of the inverted L-shaped top support plate 13. The head of the push rod 12 is designed to be spherical arc-shaped to ensure that the contact surface between the head of the push rod 12 and the inverted L-shaped top support plate is reduced, thereby reducing the heat conduction of the inverted L-shaped top support plate. The inverted L-shaped top support plate 13 is fixed to the side of the lower fixed plate 4 by screws to ensure that there is a gap of more than 1mm between the top support plate 13 and the side of the lower module 2, thereby reducing the heat conduction to the inverted L-shaped top support plate 13 caused by contact with the lower module 2. The pipeline of the hydraulic jacking device 11 is connected to the hydraulic system of the press equipment, and can be controlled by the hydraulic system to complete the action of lifting and lowering the fixed plate 4, with a lifting stroke of 5mm-10mm. When the piston rod of the hydraulic jacking device 11 is extended, the head lifts the inverted L-shaped support plate, driving the lower fixed plate 4 to be lifted, and the lower fixed plate 4 can be separated from the lower template 6. After the piston rod is retracted, the lower fixed plate 4 and the module fall down by their own weight and fit the lower template 6.

[0047] The present invention realizes clamping and separation of the upper fixing plate 3 and the upper template 5 through a small hydraulic device 9, and realizes fitting and lifting of the lower fixing plate 4 and the lower template 6 through a hydraulic jacking device 11. In this way, it is ensured that only the fixing plate and the module combination are preheated during preheating, which reduces the volume of the preheating mold, reduces heat conduction between the template and the equipment, reduces energy consumption, and makes preheating fast, efficient and energy-saving.

[0048] According to an embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention, hot forging equipment is also provided, including a press, the press including a workbench and a lower pressing piece arranged above the workbench and capable of being raised and lowered relative to the workbench, the hot forging equipment also includes the above-mentioned turnout rail heel end integral multi-station forming device, the upper template 5 is arranged on the lower pressing piece, and the lower template 6 is installed on the workbench.

[0049] The present application installs and fixes the multi-station integral forming device on the existing press machine. The fixing method is the same as the existing integral three-station continuous forming mold. It only needs to connect the heating rod to the power socket, and the heating rod is controlled by the power program to heat, keep warm, and stop. The pipe joints of the small hydraulic device 9 and the hydraulic jacking device 11 are connected to the hydraulic system of the equipment. The action is controlled by the equipment program to achieve the fitting and lifting of the lower fixed plate 4 and the lower template 6, and the clamping and separation of the upper fixed plate 3 and the upper template 5. When the rail heel mold needs to be preheated, the lower fixed plate 4 and the lower template 6 are lifted and separated, and the upper fixed plate 3 is separated from the upper template 5. The fixed plate and the module on it are molded as a whole. The heating rod on the module heats the module, and the module temperature can be quickly heated to the temperature required by the process; after the preheating is completed, the module temperature reaches the appropriate temperature, and the module is used normally. At this time, the upper template 5 is clamped with the upper fixed plate 3, and after the ejector 12 shrinks, the lower fixed plate 4 and the module fall down by their own weight and fit with the lower template 6. The press slide drives the upper template 5 to complete the mold forging of the rail heel.

[0050] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-station forming device for the turnout rail heel end. It is characterized in that The turnout rail heel end integral multi-station forming device comprises a module, a fixed plate and a template, wherein the module is fixedly mounted on the fixed plate, the template is used to be connected to a press, the fixed plate and the template are detachably connected, and the fixed plate is used to be separated from the template when the module is preheated; The module comprises an upper module (1) and a lower module (2), wherein a plurality of heating elements (7) are provided inside the upper module (1) and the lower module (2), and the heating elements (7) are used for preheating the upper module (1) and the lower module (2); The fixing plate comprises an upper fixing plate (3) and a lower fixing plate (4), wherein the upper fixing plate (3) is arranged above the upper module (1) and is used to install the upper module (1), and the lower fixing plate (4) is arranged below the lower module (2) and is used to install the lower module (2); The template comprises an upper template (5) and a lower template (6); the upper template (5) is arranged above the upper fixed plate (3); a fastening device for connecting the upper fixed plate (3) is provided on the upper template (5); the upper template (5) is used to be driven by a press to rise and separate relative to the upper fixed plate (3) when the fastening device is in an unlocked state; the upper template (5) is also used to be driven by a press to descend to abut against the upper fixed plate (3) and then connected and fixed relative to the upper fixed plate (3) through the fastening device; the lower template (6) is arranged below the lower fixed plate (4); a separation device for driving the lower fixed plate (4) to separate from the lower template (6) or to abut against the lower template (6) is provided on the lower template (6).

2. The turnout rail heel end integral multi-station forming device according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The upper module (1) and the lower module (2) each include a plurality of workstations, the workstations of the upper module (1) and the workstations of the lower module (2) are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, and at least one heating element (7) is arranged inside each workstation of the upper module (1) and the lower module (2).

3. The turnout rail heel end integral multi-station forming device according to claim 2, It is characterized in that At least one heating element (7) is provided on both the front and rear sides of each workstation in the upper module (1) and the lower module (2).

4. The turnout rail heel end integral multi-station forming device according to claim 2, It is characterized in that At least one heating element (7) is provided on the left and right sides of each workstation in the upper module (1) and the lower module (2).

5. The turnout rail heel end integral multi-station forming device according to claim 2, It is characterized in that Each workstation in the upper module (1) and the lower module (2) is provided with a thermocouple temperature measurement installation hole for installing a thermocouple.

6. The turnout rail heel end integral multi-station forming device according to claim 1, It is characterized in that One of the upper template (5) and the upper fixed plate (3) is provided with a plurality of positioning keys (8), and the other is provided with a plurality of corresponding positioning key slots, and the upper template (5) is positioned relative to the upper fixed plate (3) by means of the snap-fitting of the positioning keys (8) and the positioning key slots; one of the lower template (6) and the lower fixed plate (4) is provided with a plurality of positioning keys (8), and the other is provided with a plurality of corresponding positioning key slots, and the lower fixed plate (4) is positioned relative to the lower template (6) by means of the snap-fitting of the positioning keys (8) and the positioning key slots.

7. The turnout rail heel end integral multi-station forming device according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The thickness of the fixing plate is smaller than the thickness of the template.

8. The turnout rail heel end integral multi-station forming device according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The fastening device comprises a hydraulic device (9) arranged on the upper template (5) and lugs (10) arranged on both sides of the upper fixed plate (3), wherein the lugs (10) extend beyond the edge of the upper module (1), and the piston rod of the hydraulic device (9) cooperates with the lugs (10). When the piston rod is extended, it is used to clamp the upper template (5) and the upper fixed plate (3), and when the piston rod is retracted, it is used to separate the upper template (5) and the upper fixed plate (3).

9. The turnout rail heel end integral multi-station forming device according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The separation device comprises a hydraulic jacking device (11) arranged on the lower template (6) and jacking plates (13) arranged on both sides of the lower fixed plate (4), wherein the jacking plates (13) extend beyond the edge of the lower module (2), and the jacking rod (12) of the hydraulic jacking device (11) cooperates with the jacking plate (13). When the jacking rod (12) is lifted upward, it is used to separate the lower template (6) from the lower fixed plate (4), and when the jacking rod (12) is retracted downward, it is used to fit the lower template (6) with the lower fixed plate (4).

10. A hot forging forming device, comprising a press, wherein the press comprises a workbench and a lower pressing member disposed above the workbench and capable of being lifted and lowered relative to the workbench, It is characterized in that The hot forging forming equipment also includes a turnout rail heel end integral multi-station forming device as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the upper template (5) is arranged on the lower pressing piece, and the lower template (6) is installed on the workbench.

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