A sound insulation putty layer and its preparation method and application

Abstract

The present invention provides a sound insulation putty layer and a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to the technical field of building materials. Specifically, the sound insulation putty layer includes a bottom putty, a middle putty and a surface putty that cover each other in sequence, and the bottom putty is directly covered on the wall surface; wherein the bottom putty includes white cement, heavy calcium powder, silica ash, rubber powder, barite powder, iron powder, latex powder, fiber and cellulose ether, the middle putty includes white cement, heavy calcium powder, silica ash, floating beads, rubber powder, fiber, latex powder, aerogel and cellulose ether, and the surface putty includes white cement, light calcium powder, silica ash, floating beads, fiber, latex powder, aerogel and cellulose ether. The sound insulation putty layer of the present invention can absorb sounds in different frequency ranges, significantly improve the sound insulation performance in various frequency ranges, and improve the comfort and quality of living and working environments.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of building materials, and in particular to a sound insulation putty layer and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Putty is a material application technology in the field of building technology. Its main purpose is to repair and level the wall surface, laying a good foundation for subsequent decoration (such as painting, wallpaper, etc.). Functional auxiliary materials are usually added to the existing putty powder materials to make the putty have properties such as antifreeze and anti-cracking. Sound insulation putty is also a functional putty material, specially designed to reduce sound transmission. It can be applied to the walls inside or outside the building, usually on the walls, ceilings and other surfaces, to improve the sound insulation effect inside or outside the building. The working principle of sound insulation putty is: through its special composition or structure, it effectively reduces the propagation and penetration of sound, thereby improving the sound insulation effect of the building.

[0003] For example, the Chinese invention patent application with application number CN202011582300.7 discloses a lightweight sound-insulating interior wall putty powder, which is mainly composed of the following components mixed in the following weight ratios: 34-36 parts of white cement, 0.3-0.5 parts of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether, 12-15 parts of heavy calcium powder, 4.0-5.0 parts of latex powder, 25-30 parts of hollow vitrified microspheres, 5-10 parts of butyl rubber particles, 2-5 parts of expanded vermiculite particles, 5-9 parts of EPDM rubber particles, 0.2-0.3 parts of polypropylene fiber, and 0.2-0.4 parts of wood cellulose. The putty powder contains a higher proportion of lightweight fillers and has a lower density than ordinary putty. When the putty is used, it has the characteristics of reducing the deadweight of the wall, and can also achieve the effect of improving the wall sound insulation without destroying the wall structure.

[0004] For another example, the Chinese invention patent application with application number CN201810165769.7 discloses an interior wall thermal insulation and sound insulation putty paste, which is composed of the following substances in parts by mass: 3.5-8 parts of synthetic resin emulsion, 25-30 parts of modified sodium-based bentonite slurry, 20-40 parts of rock wool, 10-30 parts of nano-scale hollow microspheres, 5-10 parts of micron-scale hollow expandable elastic microspheres, 0.3-0.6 parts of alcohol ester twelve, 5-7.5 parts of 2.5% hydroxyethyl cellulose solution, 0.1-0.2 parts of fungicide, 0.3-0.5 parts of dispersant, and 4-6 parts of water. The putty powder utilizes the synergistic effect of bentonite, nano-scale hollow microspheres, and micron-scale hollow expandable elastic microspheres to obtain an interior wall putty with excellent thermal insulation performance and excellent sound insulation effect.

[0005] According to tests, existing sound insulation putties, including those sold on the market, usually have relatively uniform sound absorption performance, which means that a certain sound insulation putty can show good sound insulation effect within certain specific frequency ranges. However, in actual environments, there are often complex noise environments, that is, noise fluctuates within a relatively wide frequency range, and sound propagation covers multiple frequency bands; at this time, the sound absorption effect of existing sound insulation putties is often unsatisfactory, resulting in the sound insulation performance being ineffective or failing to meet expectations.

[0006] In view of this, the present invention is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0007] The first purpose of the present invention is to provide a sound insulation putty layer to solve the technical defect that the existing sound insulation putty cannot fully and effectively achieve sound insulation in a complex noise environment; by adopting a three-layer gradient design of bottom putty, middle putty and surface putty, it can achieve efficient absorption of noise in the frequency range of 50Hz~6300Hz, and effectively improve the sound insulation performance in the building structure.

[0008] The second purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the sound insulation putty layer, which is simple, easy to operate and easy to promote.

[0009] The third purpose of the present invention is to provide the use of the sound insulation putty layer in construction.

[0010] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, the following technical solutions are particularly adopted:

[0011] A sound insulation putty layer, comprising a bottom putty, a middle putty and a surface putty which cover each other in sequence, wherein the bottom putty is directly covered on the wall surface; wherein:

[0012] The base putty comprises the following components by mass: 10-40 parts of white cement, 8-30 parts of heavy calcium powder, 5-25 parts of silica fume, 8-20 parts of rubber powder, 10-30 parts of barite powder, 2-6 parts of iron powder, 1-10 parts of latex powder, 0.1-4 parts of fiber, and 0.1-2 parts of cellulose ether;

[0013] The medium putty comprises the following components by mass: 5-30 parts of white cement, 5-20 parts of heavy calcium powder, 3-18 parts of silica fume, 8-25 parts of floating beads, 8-20 parts of rubber powder, 4-15 parts of fiber, 5-15 parts of latex powder, 1-8 parts of aerogel, and 0.1-2 parts of cellulose ether;

[0014] The surface putty comprises the following components in parts by mass: 5-30 parts of white cement, 4-15 parts of light calcium powder, 2-10 parts of silica fume, 15-50 parts of floating beads, 8-20 parts of fiber, 5-20 parts of latex powder, 4-15 parts of aerogel, and 0.1-2 parts of cellulose ether.

[0015] A method for preparing a sound insulation putty layer comprises the following steps: preparing raw material components of a base putty, a middle putty and a surface putty respectively, and fully mixing the raw material components respectively to obtain a putty material.

[0016] A use of the sound insulation putty layer in construction.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] The present invention provides a high-performance sound-insulating putty layer with a three-layer gradient structure. By adopting different raw material components and mass ratios between the three layers, a three-layer structure with different densities and porosities is designed, so as to obtain a combination with significantly different sound absorption coefficients.

[0019] Specifically, when there are more interfaces contained in the multi-layer gradient structure constructed by the sound insulation putty layer of the present invention and the difference in acoustic resistivity between the front interface and the rear interface is large, it means that there are more sound reflection cycles in the system, that is, the sound waves are repeatedly reflected between the air-porous internal interface, thereby further increasing the sound absorption coefficient and effectively expanding the material's absorption capacity for sound waves of different frequencies, because different levels of structures can produce better sound absorption effects in different frequency ranges, so as to have excellent sound absorption performance in complex noise environments.

[0020] Furthermore, the sound insulation putty layer of the present invention includes a bottom putty, a middle putty and a surface putty from the inside to the outside. The surface putty layer can be optimized for the absorption of high-frequency sounds, while the bottom putty layer is specially designed for the absorption of low-frequency sounds. This design can improve the overall sound insulation performance of the putty layer, so that the sound insulation putty can perform well in a wide frequency range. Among them, the bottom putty contains heavy calcium powder, barite powder and iron powder to increase the density, which helps to block low-frequency sounds (125Hz to 500Hz); the surface putty contains floating beads, light calcium powder and mineral fibers, etc., which reduce the density and increase the porosity of the material, thereby providing better sound insulation effects in the medium and high frequency bands (500Hz to 4000Hz); and the density and porosity of the middle putty should be designed according to the gradient of decreasing density and increasing porosity, avoiding a cliff-like change in density and porosity between the bottom putty and the surface putty, so that the overall density and porosity of the putty layer show a gentle change trend, so as to achieve excellent sound insulation effects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the layers of the sound-insulating putty of the present invention is provided.

[0023] Reference numerals:

[0024] 100-wall, 201-bottom putty layer, 202-middle putty layer, 203-top putty layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The technical scheme of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the following described embodiments are part of embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments, and are only used to illustrate the present invention, and should not be considered as limiting the scope of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative work premises, all belong to the scope of protection of the present invention. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products that can be obtained by commercial purchase.

[0026] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "1", "2", "first", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0027] A first aspect of the present invention is to provide a sound insulation putty layer, comprising a base putty, a middle putty and a surface putty which cover each other in sequence, wherein the base putty is directly covered on the wall surface.

[0028] like Figure 1 The figure provides a hierarchical schematic diagram of the sound insulation putty of the present invention; taking a vertically arranged wall 100 as an example, the bottom putty layer 201 is directly connected to the surface of the wall 100, and then the middle putty layer 202 and the surface putty layer 203 are sequentially connected to the outer surface of the bottom putty layer 201. Figure 1 Similarly, the sound insulation putty of the present invention can also be applied to horizontal ceilings or other inclined walls, but both have similar putty level covering connection relationships.

[0029] It should be noted that the sound insulation putty layer of the present invention is not limited to interior walls or exterior walls; the present invention can achieve good sound insulation effects in different frequency ranges based on the three-layer gradient structure, and can therefore be applied to the sound insulation of interior walls or exterior walls; however, since exterior walls need to face more complex environmental changes, such as rain, snow, sun exposure, and other conditions that are prone to aging or damage, therefore, in the actual construction process, optionally, on the basis of the sound insulation putty layer of the present invention, other conventional exterior wall putties can be further combined or other raw materials can be introduced into the putty layer of the present invention.

[0030] In the present invention, the base putty includes the following components by mass: 10-40 parts of white cement, 8-30 parts of heavy calcium powder, 5-25 parts of silica fume, 8-20 parts of rubber powder, 10-30 parts of barite powder, 2-6 parts of iron powder, 1-10 parts of latex powder, 0.1-4 parts of fiber, and 0.1-2 parts of cellulose ether. It is worth noting that the mass fractions of all components involved in the base putty, the middle putty and the surface putty in the present invention are all calculated by dry weight.

[0031] As an optional embodiment, the mass fractions of each raw material in the base putty include but are not limited to: 10, 15, 18, 20, 22, 25, 28, 30, 35, 40 parts of white cement, 8, 10, 12, 15, 18, 20, 22, 25, 30 parts of heavy calcium powder, 5, 8, 10, 12, 15, 18, 20, 25 parts of silica ash, 8, 10, 12, 15, 18, 20, 25 parts of rubber powder, 10, 12, 15, 18, 20 parts of barite powder. , 20, 22, 25, 30 parts, iron powder 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 parts, latex powder 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10 parts, fiber 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1, 1.2, 1.5, 1.8, 2, 3, 4 parts, cellulose ether 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 0.8, 1, 2; the above-mentioned mass parts have no specific dimensions, and the mass parts can be taken as the point values ​​listed above or the numerical range formed by any two point values.

[0032] The medium putty described in the present invention comprises the following components by mass: 5-30 parts of white cement, 5-20 parts of heavy calcium powder, 3-18 parts of silica fume, 8-25 parts of floating beads, 8-20 parts of rubber powder, 4-15 parts of fiber, 5-15 parts of latex powder, 1-8 parts of aerogel, and 0.1-2 parts of cellulose ether.

[0033] As an optional embodiment, the mass fraction of each raw material in the putty includes but is not limited to: 5, 10, 15, 18, 20, 22, 25, 30 white cement, 5, 8, 10, 12, 15, 20 heavy calcium powder, 3, 5, 8, 10, 12, 15, 18, Silica ash, 8, 10, 12, 15, 18, 20, 25, rubber powder, 8, 10, 12, 15, 18, 20, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 15 parts of fiber, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 15 parts of latex powder, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8 parts of aerogel, and 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 0.8, 1, 2 of cellulose ether; the above mass fractions are all dimensionless, and the mass fractions can be the point values ​​listed above or the numerical range formed by any two point values.

[0034] The surface putty in the present invention comprises the following components by mass: 5-30 parts of white cement, 4-15 parts of light calcium powder, 2-10 parts of silica fume, 15-50 parts of floating beads, 8-20 parts of fiber, 5-20 parts of latex powder, 4-15 parts of aerogel, and 0.1-2 parts of cellulose ether.

[0035] As an optional embodiment, the mass fraction of each raw material in the surface putty includes but is not limited to: white cement 5, 10, 12, 15, 18, 20, 22, 25, 30, light calcium powder 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 15, silica ash 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, floating beads 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 50, fiber 8, 10, 12, 14, 15, 20, latex powder 5, 8, 10, 12, 14, 15, 20, aerogel 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 15, cellulose ether 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.8, 1, 2; the above mass fractions are all dimensionless, and the mass fractions can be the point values ​​listed above or the numerical range formed by any two point values.

[0036] The white cement in the present invention is white Portland cement (P·W), which includes white Portland cement clinker and gypsum, and optional natural minerals such as limestone, dolomite limestone and quartz sand. The specific composition of the white cement in the present invention is not limited, as long as it meets the relevant quality and performance requirements of the national standard GB / T 2015-2017.

[0037] The heavy calcium powder in the present invention is preferably selected from heavy calcium carbonate powder with a particle size of 275 mesh to 375 mesh. In a further preferred case, the heavy calcium powder is 325 mesh.

[0038] The light calcium powder in the present invention is preferably selected from light calcium carbonate powder with a particle size of 275 mesh to 375 mesh. In a further preferred case, the light calcium powder is 325 mesh.

[0039] The rubber powder in the present invention includes but is not limited to vulcanized rubber products, waste tires, synthetic rubber products, etc., and the preparation process includes but is not limited to room temperature pulverization, freezing method, water jet pulverization, etc.; the components or sources of the rubber powder in the present invention are not limited, as long as the relevant quality and performance requirements of the national standard GB / T 19208-2020 are met. As a preferred embodiment, the rubber powder includes at least one of polyvinyl chloride, nitrile rubber powder or ethylene propylene rubber powder.

[0040] The barite powder in the present invention is also called barium sulfate powder, which is obtained by grinding, flotation and other ore processing of barite ore, and the purity of barium sulfate is ≥97%. As a preferred embodiment, the particle size of the barite powder is 1200 mesh to 3200 mesh; in a further preferred embodiment, the barite is selected from at least one of 1250 mesh ultrafine barium sulfate barite powder and ultra-white ultrafine 3000 mesh barite powder.

[0041] The iron powder in the present invention is powder with a particle size of less than 1 mm and an iron content of ≥99%; the iron powder includes at least one of iron sand, iron sand shot, pig iron powder, magnet powder, hematite powder or iron concentrate.

[0042] The latex powder in the present invention is a water-soluble redispersible powder, which can be quickly redispersed into an emulsion after contacting water, thereby achieving higher bonding ability, water resistance and workability; the components or sources of the latex powder in the present invention are not limited, as long as the relevant quality and performance requirements of the national standard GB / T 34557-2017 are met. As a preferred embodiment, the latex powder includes at least one of ethylene-vinyl acetate latex powder, vinyl acetate-versatate latex powder or acrylic latex powder.

[0043] The fibers in the present invention are preferably one or more of mineral fibers or wood fibers. The mineral fibers include but are not limited to aluminum silicate fibers, glass fibers, gypsum fibers, carbon fibers, etc. The mineral fibers are preferably made by wet method, i.e., wet method mineral fibers made by wet production processes such as high temperature melting, spinning, spraying, and press molding using natural minerals as raw materials; the wood fibers include but are not limited to wood pulp fibers, natural plant fibers, sawdust fibers, wood cellulose, etc. As a preferred embodiment, the aspect ratio of the mineral fibers is ≥70, and the aspect ratio of the wood fibers is ≥100.

[0044] The floating beads in the present invention are hollow fly ash balls, the main components of which are silicon dioxide and aluminum oxide. As a preferred embodiment, the porosity of the floating beads is 80% to 90%, and the density of the floating beads is 0.65 g / cm 3~0.85g / cm 3 .

[0045] The aerogel in the present invention is selected from any inorganic aerogel, organic aerogel or inorganic-organic aerogel; as a preferred embodiment, the aerogel includes at least one of silicate aerogel, silica aerogel, alumina aerogel or zirconia aerogel, and the particle size of the aerogel is 150 mesh to 300 mesh.

[0046] As a preferred embodiment, the base putty includes the following components in mass percentage: 15%~30% white cement, 10%~25% heavy calcium powder, 8%~18% silica ash, 10%~18% rubber powder, 12%~25% barite powder, 3%~5% iron powder, 2%~8% latex powder, 0.2%~2% fiber, and 0.2%~1% cellulose ether.

[0047] As a preferred embodiment, the medium putty includes the following components by mass percentage: 10%~25% white cement, 8%~15% heavy calcium powder, 5%~15% silica fume, 10%~20% floating beads, 10%~18% rubber powder, 5%~10% fiber, 6%~12% latex powder, 2%~5% aerogel, and 0.2%~1% cellulose ether.

[0048] As a preferred embodiment, the surface putty includes the following components by mass percentage: 10%~25% white cement, 5%~12% light calcium powder, 3%~8% silica fume, 20%~40% floating beads, 10%~15% fiber, 8%~15% latex powder, 5%~10% aerogel, and 0.2%~1% cellulose ether.

[0049] As a preferred embodiment, auxiliary components are independently added to the base putty, the middle putty and the surface putty to increase the construction performance or physical properties of the putty; the auxiliary components include but are not limited to water reducing agents, water retaining agents, retarders, preservatives, antifreeze agents, lubricants, defoaming agents, pigments, etc.

[0050] As a more preferred embodiment, the base putty, the middle putty and the surface putty all include a water reducing agent; further, the weight percentage of the water reducing agent in each putty layer is independently selected from 0.5 to 2 (parts).

[0051] As a more preferred embodiment, the water reducer includes Sika water reducer 540P, 325C, 530P and 3301VS.

[0052] As a preferred embodiment, the density difference between the bottom putty and the middle putty is 0.3 g / cm 3 ~0.5g / cm 3The density difference between the middle putty and the surface putty is 0.3g / cm 3 ~0.4g / cm 3 .

[0053] As a more preferred embodiment, the density of the base putty is 1.5 g / cm 3 ~2.0g / cm 3 The density of the putty is 1.2g / cm 3 ~1.5g / cm 3 The density of the surface putty is 0.8g / cm 3 ~1.2g / cm 3 .

[0054] As a preferred implementation manner, the porosity of the base putty is 0.1-0.2, the porosity of the middle putty is 0.2-0.4, and the porosity of the surface putty is 0.4-0.6.

[0055] As a preferred embodiment, the thickness of the base putty, the middle putty and the surface putty are independently selected from 1.25 mm to 2.75 mm; in some more preferred embodiments, the thickness of the base putty, the middle putty and the surface putty are all 2 mm.

[0056] As a preferred embodiment, the sound absorption coefficient of the bottom putty to the first sound wave is 0.3~0.5, and the frequency of the first sound wave is 125Hz~500Hz; the sound absorption coefficient of the middle putty to the second sound wave is 0.5~0.7, and the frequency of the second sound wave is 400Hz~1000Hz; the sound absorption coefficient of the surface putty to the third sound wave is 0.7~0.9, and the frequency of the third sound wave is 400Hz~1000Hz. It is worth noting that the bottom putty, the middle putty and the surface putty in the present invention have different sound absorption performances for sound waves of different frequency bands. Through the composite application of the three layers of putty, it can have a more comprehensive absorption effect on the sound of each frequency band, thereby achieving a good sound absorption effect in a complex environment.

[0057] The second aspect of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the sound insulation putty layer as described in the first aspect.

[0058] The preparation method comprises the following steps: respectively preparing raw material components of base putty, middle putty and surface putty, and fully mixing the raw material components to obtain putty materials for each layer.

[0059] As a preferred embodiment, the mixing can be carried out by one or more auxiliary means such as oscillation, stirring, shaking, centrifugation, ultrasound, etc. to achieve sufficient uniformity of the mixed materials. In some optional embodiments, the raw material components of each layer are independently stirred at 60rpm~150rpm for 3min~5min by a stirring device.

[0060] The present invention also provides a construction method for the sound insulation putty layer as described in the first aspect, which mainly comprises the following steps: respectively mixing the putty materials of the base putty, the middle putty and the surface putty with water to obtain putty slurry of each layer; then scraping the putty slurry of the base putty, scraping the putty slurry of the middle putty on its surface after drying, and continuing to scrape the putty slurry of the surface putty on its surface after drying, and completing the construction after drying.

[0061] As a preferred embodiment, the water-cement ratios of the putty materials of the base putty, the middle putty and the surface putty are respectively selected from 0.35 to 0.45.

[0062] The third aspect of the present invention is to provide the use of the sound insulation putty layer as described in the first aspect in construction. It is understood that the use includes but is not limited to building materials containing the sound insulation putty layer, building products to which the sound insulation putty layer is applied, and the preparation method or construction method of the above products; when it comes to the sound insulation putty layer of the present invention, any product or method can be regarded as a use of the present invention.

[0063] The following examples and comparative examples of the present invention all use the following raw materials: white cement (Yingqi Building Materials Co., Ltd.), heavy calcium powder (325 mesh, Yifeng), light calcium powder (325 mesh, Yifeng), silica ash (95%, Chengdu Hongyunyang Technology Co., Ltd.), floating beads (65±5 mesh, Rongbang), aerogel using silica aerogel (200 mesh), sawdust fiber (90±10 mesh, Hebei Houkang Mineral Products Co., Ltd.), wet-process mineral fiber (2.25±1.25 μm, Eryu (Shijiazhuang) New Material Technology Co., Ltd.).

[0064] Example 1

[0065] This embodiment adopts a three-layer ladder structure of bottom putty-middle putty-surface putty; the composition of each putty layer is provided as follows:

[0066] Base putty: 30% white cement, 20% heavy calcium powder, 12% silica fume, 13% polyvinyl chloride rubber powder, 15% 1250 mesh ultrafine barite powder, 5% iron sand, 3% ethylene vinyl acetate latex powder, 1% wood chip fiber, 0.5% cellulose ether, and 0.5% water reducer.

[0067] Medium putty: white cement 25%, heavy calcium powder 15%, silica fume 10%, floating beads 15%, polyvinyl chloride rubber powder 15%, wet mineral fiber 10%, ethylene-vinyl acetate latex powder 6%, aerogel 3%, cellulose ether 0.5%, water reducer 0.5%.

[0068] Surface putty: 25% white cement, 8% light calcium powder, 5% silica fume, 30% floating beads, 15% wet mineral fiber, 8% ethylene-vinyl acetate latex powder, 8% aerogel, 0.5% cellulose ether, and 0.5% water reducer.

[0069] The preparation and construction method of this embodiment is as follows: weigh the raw material components of each putty layer according to the ratio, pour them into a mixer and stir slowly at a speed of 60rpm for 5 minutes, mix them evenly to obtain the mixed dry materials of each layer; add water to the mixer according to a water-cement ratio of 0.40 to moisten them respectively, stir at a speed of 500rpm for 12 minutes, and obtain the slurry of each layer. The test wall is scraped and dried in the order of base putty, middle putty and surface putty (based on the thickness after drying, base putty 2mm, middle putty 2mm, surface putty 2mm, total thickness 6mm), to obtain the sound insulation putty layer of this embodiment.

[0070] Example 2

[0071] It is basically the same as Example 1, except that: the polyvinyl chloride rubber powder involved is completely replaced by EP rubber powder, the 1250 mesh ultrafine barite powder is replaced by ultra-white ultrafine 3000 mesh barite powder, the iron sand is replaced by magnet powder, and the ethylene-vinyl acetate latex powder involved is completely replaced by acrylic latex powder.

[0072] Example 3

[0073] It is basically the same as Example 1, with the only difference being that all the polyvinyl chloride rubber powder involved is replaced by nitrile rubber powder, iron sand is replaced by iron concentrate, all the ethylene-vinyl acetate latex powder involved is replaced by vinyl acetate-versatate latex powder, and all the wet-process mineral fibers are replaced by aluminum silicate fibers.

[0074] Example 4

[0075] The method is basically the same as Example 1, except that the raw material ratios of each putty layer are different;

[0076] Base putty: 15% white cement, 25% heavy calcium powder, 18% silica fume, 18% polyvinyl chloride rubber powder, 15% 1250 mesh ultrafine barite powder, 3% iron sand, 4% ethylene vinyl acetate latex powder, 1% wood chip fiber, 0.5% cellulose ether, and 0.5% water reducer.

[0077] Medium putty: white cement 20%, heavy calcium powder 12%, silica fume 15%, floating beads 16%, polyvinyl chloride rubber powder 10%, wet mineral fiber 8%, ethylene vinyl acetate latex powder 12%, aerogel 5%, cellulose ether 1%, water reducer 1%.

[0078] Surface putty: white cement 16%, light calcium powder 12%, silica fume 8%, floating beads 40%, wet mineral fiber 10%, ethylene vinyl acetate latex powder 8%, aerogel 5%, cellulose ether 0.2%, water reducer 0.8%.

[0079] Example 5

[0080] The method is basically the same as Example 1, except that the raw material ratios of each putty layer are different;

[0081] Base putty: white cement 30%, heavy calcium powder 11%, silica fume 8%, polyvinyl chloride rubber powder 18%, 1250 mesh ultrafine barite powder 25%, iron sand 5%, ethylene vinyl acetate latex powder 2%, wood chip fiber 0.2%, cellulose ether 0.2%, water reducer 0.6%.

[0082] Medium putty: white cement 14%, heavy calcium powder 15%, silica fume 12%, floating beads 20%, polyvinyl chloride rubber powder 18%, wet mineral fiber 10%, ethylene vinyl acetate latex powder 6%, aerogel 4%, cellulose ether 0.5%, water reducer 0.5%.

[0083] Surface putty: white cement 19%, light calcium powder 12%, silica fume 8%, floating beads 20%, wet mineral fiber 15%, ethylene vinyl acetate latex powder 15%, aerogel 10%, cellulose ether 0.5%, water reducing agent 0.5%.

[0084] Comparative Example 1

[0085] It is basically the same as Example 1, the only difference is the construction method: only base putty slurry is used for the test wall; the scraping and drying are repeated three times, and the thickness of each layer of putty is 2 mm after drying, and the total thickness is 6 mm, to obtain the sound insulation putty layer of this comparative example.

[0086] Comparative Example 2

[0087] It is basically the same as Example 1, the only difference is the construction method: only medium putty slurry is used for the test wall; the scraping and drying are repeated three times, and the thickness of each layer of putty is 2 mm after drying, and the total thickness is 6 mm, to obtain the sound insulation putty layer of this comparative example.

[0088] Comparative Example 3

[0089] It is basically the same as Example 1, the only difference is the construction method: only surface putty slurry is used for the test wall; the scraping and drying are repeated three times, and the thickness of each layer of putty is 2 mm after drying, and the total thickness is 6 mm, to obtain the sound insulation putty layer of this comparative example.

[0090] Table 1 provides the performance parameters of the putty layer of each embodiment of the present invention.

[0091] Table 1 Performance parameters of putty layer

[0092]

[0093] Test example

[0094] The air sound insulation performance of the sound insulation putty layers obtained in Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 was tested respectively, and the detection method adopted the "Standard Test Method for Sound Absorption of Porous Materials Based on Transfer Matrix Method at Vertical Incidence" of ASTM E2611-2017. The specific test results are shown in Table 2 below. The data in the table are all sound insulation values ​​of different cases at different sound wave frequencies, and the frequency unit is Hz. The sound insulation units of each embodiment and comparative example are dB.

[0095] Table 2 Air sound insulation performance parameters of sound insulation putty layer

[0096]

[0097] It can be seen from Table 2 that the gradient sound insulation putty layer in each embodiment of the present invention significantly improves the air sound insulation performance of the sound insulation putty layer, and exhibits excellent sound insulation effect in each frequency band; compared with each comparative example, it can only have a relatively good sound insulation effect in a dominant frequency range within a specific range.

[0098] Although the present invention has been illustrated and described with specific embodiments, it should be appreciated that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit the present invention.

Claims

1. A sound insulation putty layer, characterized in that: The sound insulation putty layer includes a bottom putty, a middle putty and a surface putty which cover each other in sequence, and the bottom putty is directly covered on the wall surface; The base putty comprises the following components by mass: 10-40 parts of white cement, 8-30 parts of heavy calcium powder, 5-25 parts of silica fume, 8-20 parts of rubber powder, 10-30 parts of barite powder, 2-6 parts of iron powder, 1-10 parts of latex powder, 0.1-4 parts of fiber and 0.1-2 parts of cellulose ether; The medium putty comprises the following components by mass: 5-30 parts of white cement, 5-20 parts of heavy calcium powder, 3-18 parts of silica fume, 8-25 parts of floating beads, 8-20 parts of rubber powder, 4-15 parts of fiber, 5-15 parts of latex powder, 1-8 parts of aerogel and 0.1-2 parts of cellulose ether; The surface putty comprises the following components in parts by mass: 5-30 parts of white cement, 4-15 parts of light calcium powder, 2-10 parts of silica fume, 15-50 parts of floating beads, 8-20 parts of fiber, 5-20 parts of latex powder, 4-15 parts of aerogel and 0.1-2 parts of cellulose ether.

2. The sound insulation putty layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base putty comprises the following components by mass percentage: 15% to 30% white cement, 10% to 25% heavy calcium powder, 8% to 18% silica fume, 10% to 18% rubber powder, 12% to 25% barite powder, 3% to 5% iron powder, 2% to 8% latex powder, 0.2% to 2% fiber, and 0.2% to 1% cellulose ether; The medium putty comprises the following components by mass percentage: 10% to 25% white cement, 8% to 15% heavy calcium powder, 5% to 15% silica fume, 10% to 20% floating beads, 10% to 18% rubber powder, 5% to 10% fiber, 6% to 12% latex powder, 2% to 5% aerogel, and 0.2% to 1% cellulose ether; The surface putty includes the following components by mass percentage: 10%-25% white cement, 5%-12% light calcium powder, 3%-8% silica fume, 20%-40% floating beads, 10%-15% fiber, 8%-15% latex powder, 5%-10% aerogel, and 0.2%-1% cellulose ether.

3. The sound insulation putty layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rubber powder includes at least one of polyvinyl chloride, nitrile rubber powder or ethylene propylene rubber powder; And / or, the iron powder includes at least one of iron sand, pig iron powder, magnetite powder, hematite powder or iron concentrate; And / or, the latex powder includes at least one of ethylene-vinyl acetate latex powder, vinyl acetate-versatate latex powder or acrylic latex powder.

4. The sound insulation putty layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base putty, the middle putty and the surface putty each include a water reducing agent; The weight proportion of the water reducing agent in each putty is 0.5 to 2 parts.

5. The sound insulation putty layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The density difference between the bottom putty and the middle putty is 0.3 g / cm 3 ~0.5g / cm 3 The density difference between the middle putty and the surface putty is 0.3g / cm 3 ~0.4g / cm 3 ; And / or, the density of the base putty is 1.5 g / cm 3 ~2.0g / cm 3 The density of the putty is 1.2g / cm 3 ~1.5g / cm 3 The density of the surface putty is 0.8g / cm 3 ~1.2g / cm 3 .

6. The sound insulation putty layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The porosity difference between the bottom putty and the middle putty is 0.10-0.15, and the porosity difference between the middle putty and the surface putty is 0.15-0.20; And / or, the porosity of the base putty is 0.1-0.2, the porosity of the middle putty is 0.2-0.4, and the porosity of the surface putty is 0.4-0.

6.

7. The sound insulation putty layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the base putty, the middle putty and the surface putty are independently selected from 1.25 mm to 2.75 mm.

8. The method for preparing a sound insulation putty layer according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The steps include: The raw material components of the base putty, the middle putty and the surface putty are respectively prepared, and the raw material components are fully mixed to obtain the putty material; The putty materials of the base putty, the middle putty and the surface putty are fully mixed with water respectively to obtain putty slurry; and the putty slurry is scraped in sequence to obtain the sound insulation putty layer.

9. The method for preparing the sound insulation putty layer according to claim 8, characterized in that: The water-cement ratio of the putty material and water of the base putty, the middle putty and the surface putty is 0.35-0.

45.

10. Use of the sound insulation putty layer according to any one of claims 1 to 7 in construction.

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