Integrated server cabinet capable of recycling waste heat and control method

Abstract

The invention provides an integrated server cabinet capable of recycling waste heat and a control method, and belongs to the field of servers, the integrated server cabinet comprises a plurality of servers, a cooling distribution unit and a control assembly, and the plurality of servers are laid on a machine position in multiple rows and multiple columns; the cooling distribution unit comprises a primary circulation pipeline, the waste heat utilization module comprises a secondary circulation pipeline, the primary circulation pipeline and the secondary circulation pipeline realize on-line adjustment of water flow in the primary circulation pipeline and the secondary circulation pipeline through an electric three-way adjusting valve, and the primary circulation pipeline is used for cooling and radiating a plurality of servers; the secondary circulation pipeline serves as a bypass branch of the liquid cooling system, is used for waste heat recovery, has a partial or whole heat exchange function of the primary circulation pipeline, and meanwhile meets the requirement for supply of heat of the assembly required by an external heat source. According to the system, liquid cooling server operation, the waste heat utilization heat exchange station, the server and heat supply management are integrated, and the heat efficiency is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of servers and relates to an integrated server cabinet, and in particular to an integrated server cabinet capable of recovering waste heat and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the era of big data explosion, especially with the development of AI technology, the amount of data has grown exponentially, and the stored files have taken up more and more memory space. For the security of data, as well as the timeliness of storage and the convenience of calling, most companies have their own servers for timely uploading, storage and backup of data files, transfer of data files, etc. Servers are vital to enterprises, carrying all the electronic data information of the enterprise. In the current information age where big data is king, once the server is paralyzed, it will directly affect the normal operation and management of the enterprise. The stable operation of the server is crucial.

[0003] Due to the importance of servers, many companies set up special areas or rooms for servers and match corresponding cooling measures to ensure the smooth and continuous operation of highly integrated servers. During the high-speed continuous operation and cooling process, servers emit a large amount of heat, which is currently mostly discharged directly into the atmosphere and needs to be cooled with appropriate cooling measures. The cooling equipment consumes a lot of energy, and the heat emitted is directly discharged and cannot be recovered in time, causing a lot of energy consumption in the operation of the server. In addition to the cost of the server equipment itself, the energy consumption of operation has also become part of the company's cost. Summary of the invention

[0004] The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an integrated server cabinet and a control method that can recover and utilize waste heat. In view of the problems in the background technology, a primary circulation pipeline and a secondary circulation pipeline are set. The server is cooled by the primary circulation pipeline, and heat exchange is achieved through the secondary circulation pipeline. The heat emitted by the server is recovered and connected to an external heat source demand component to meet the supply of hot water source. The water flow can be adjusted online according to the temperature of the external environment to meet the heating demand for different temperatures under different circumstances. Recycling and reuse reduces the energy consumption cost of the enterprise while achieving better environmental protection needs.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: an integrated server cabinet capable of waste heat recovery and utilization and a control method, comprising a plurality of servers, a cooling distribution unit, a waste heat utilization module and a control component;

[0006] The cooling distribution unit includes a primary circulation pipeline, which serves as a cooling source and cools and dissipates heat for multiple servers through the circulation of a medium;

[0007] The waste heat utilization module includes a secondary circulation pipeline for waste heat recovery to meet the heat supply of the external heat source demand components. The primary circulation pipeline and the secondary circulation pipeline are used to adjust the flow of the medium in the primary circulation pipeline and the secondary circulation pipeline after the temperature is increased online through an electric three-way regulating valve to realize the switching of the entire system among multiple modes of primary temperature control, waste heat utilization mode and secondary temperature control;

[0008] It also includes a plate exchanger assembly. The medium in the primary circulation pipeline that has been heated up by the server is used as a heat source for the plate exchanger assembly. After heat exchange through the plate exchanger assembly, part of the cooled medium flows back into the primary circulation pipeline, and the other part of the heated medium is used as a supply source for the heat source in the secondary circulation pipeline. In this application, a plate exchanger assembly is used. Considering the cost and installation space factors, if there are other structures on the market that can realize medium heat exchange, the technical solution of this application can also be realized, and they are all within the protection scope of this application.

[0009] Furthermore, it includes a cabinet body, which is provided with multiple machine positions, and multiple servers are laid on the machine positions in multiple rows and columns. The cabinet body is divided into two parts, the upper part is used to place multiple servers, and the lower part is used to place the cooling distribution unit, plate replacement components and lay pipelines. The cooling distribution unit forms a skid-mounted structure, and the primary circulation pipeline is arranged on the back of the cabinet, and is arranged in the same way. A soft connection is provided between the pipeline and the cooling distribution unit to prevent the cooling distribution unit from vibrating.

[0010] Furthermore, the primary circulation pipeline includes a primary circulation pump, a primary circulation main water inlet pipeline and a primary circulation main water return pipeline. One server corresponds to one water inlet branch and one water outlet branch. The primary circulation main water inlet pipeline enters the cooling area of ​​multiple servers at the same time through multiple water inlet branches, and then flows back to the primary circulation main water return pipeline through the water outlet branch. Each water inlet branch and each water outlet branch are provided with a valve for controlling the water flow switch.

[0011] The primary circulation main water inlet pipeline is provided with the first valve, primary water circulation flowmeter FIT01 and primary water inlet temperature signal meter TT01 from the dry cooler fan end to the server end, and the primary circulation main return water pipeline is provided with the primary water return temperature signal meter TT02, primary circulation water pump P01, electric three-way regulating valve V001 and the second valve V002 from the server end to the dry cooler fan end. The primary water circulation flowmeter FIT01 feeds back the signal to the control component, and the control component compares the feedback value of the primary water circulation flowmeter FIT01 with the set target flow through the PID algorithm module, and then adjusts the frequency of the primary circulation water pump so that the value of the primary water circulation flowmeter FIT01 catches up with the set target flow.

[0012] Furthermore, the secondary circulation pipeline includes a secondary circulation pump, a secondary circulation water inlet main and a secondary water return temperature signal meter TT11. The secondary water return temperature signal meter TT11 feeds back signals to the control component. It also includes an outdoor temperature signal meter TT21 and an indoor temperature signal meter TT22. The outdoor temperature signal meter TT21 and the indoor temperature signal meter TT22 are both electrically connected to the control component to feed back real-time temperature to the control component.

[0013] Furthermore, the water outlet of the plate exchanger assembly is divided into two branches, one of which returns the cooled medium to the primary circulation main water inlet pipeline in the primary circulation pipeline, is connected between the first valve V003 and the primary water circulation flowmeter FIT01, and the other is connected to the external heat source demand component.

[0014] Furthermore, during the structural layout, the length and width of the cooling distribution unit shall not be greater than the length and width of the cabinet to reserve space for the server. If the electric three-way throttle valve is installed at the water inlet of the plate exchanger assembly, the diversion tee is selected; if the electric three-way throttle valve is installed at the water outlet of the plate exchanger assembly, the combining tee is selected.

[0015] Furthermore, the specifications of the product are determined by parameter calculation, the steps are as follows:

[0016] S1. Determine the total power of multiple servers, calculate the amplification factor based on the total power, and then round it to determine the heat exchange power of the cooling distribution unit;

[0017] S2. Calculate the primary circulation pump flow rate. According to the server's maximum inlet and outlet water temperature difference, obtain the primary circulation temperature difference △t. Calculate the primary circulation pump flow rate according to the following formula:

[0018] Q = cmΔt;

[0019] Q=c(ρv)△t;

[0020] V = Q / (cρ△t);

[0021] In the above formula, the characteristics of the cooling medium include freezing point, boiling point, density, and specific heat capacity. C stands for specific heat capacity, which indicates the ability of a substance to increase the amount of heat required to increase the temperature. The unit of specific heat capacity is joule per kilogram Celsius. m: the mass of the object. △t represents the change in temperature, that is, the temperature of the object that is increased (or decreased). ρ: represents the density of the substance, which is the ratio of the mass of the substance to its volume, and the unit is kilograms per cubic meter. v: represents the volume of the substance, and the unit is cubic meter.

[0022] Finally, set the amplification factor to determine the flow rate;

[0023] S3. Calculate the head of the primary circulation pump, select the pipe specifications, and determine the pipe specific friction resistance based on the selected pipe specifications.

[0024] Pipeline resistance loss calculation formula △P=L·△p

[0025] L = pipe + elbow + tee + valve group + plate exchange assembly + server, that is, the equivalent length of the most unfavorable loop of one cycle;

[0026] △p: Pipeline specific friction resistance, the head of the primary circulation pump is greater than △P;

[0027] S4. Calculate the flow and head of the secondary circulation pump. The calculation process is the same as that of the primary circulation pump. The difference is that L = pipeline + elbow + valve group + plate exchange assembly + heating terminal, that is, the equivalent length of the most unfavorable loop of the secondary circulation;

[0028] S5. Plate exchanger assembly selection. The power of the plate exchanger assembly is consistent with the power of multiple servers, or slightly equal to the power of multiple servers. Then, the plate exchanger assembly is selected based on the primary supply and return water temperature difference and the secondary supply and return water temperature difference, and the heat exchange area is calculated.

[0029] S6. The selection of pipelines, pipe fittings and valve groups is determined by rounding up the flow rates of the primary and secondary circulation pipelines, selecting economical friction resistance pipelines, and using square tubes for risers, which can make more effective use of space while keeping the friction resistance close; pipe fittings.

[0030] A control method for an integrated server cabinet capable of waste heat recovery and utilization, including a switchable primary return water temperature control mode, a waste heat utilization mode control mode, and a climate compensation automatic control mode;

[0031] The method of primary return water temperature control is as follows:

[0032] Set the primary return water target temperature TT91; adjust the opening and speed of V001 and G01 / G02 through the PID algorithm module; make TT01 catch up with TT91;

[0033] The control method of waste heat utilization mode is as follows:

[0034] Set the primary return water target temperature TT91 and the secondary return water target temperature TT92; compare TT92 with TT11 to determine whether waste heat utilization is needed; adjust the opening and speed of V001 and G01 / G02 through the PID algorithm module; make TT01 catch up with TT91; return to the first step and readjust after a period of stability;

[0035] The method of secondary temperature control, that is, the method of climate compensation automatic control is as follows:

[0036] Calculate the secondary return water target temperature TT94 according to the outdoor temperature TT21; adjust the frequency of P02 through the PID algorithm module; make TT11 chase TT94; terminal temperature control; set the indoor target temperature TT96; adjust the frequency of P02 through the PID algorithm module; make TT22 chase TT96; control the heating circulation water temperature; set the heating return water target temperature TT92; adjust the frequency of P02 through the PID algorithm module; make TT11 chase TT92.

[0037] Furthermore, the control method of the waste heat utilization mode is as follows:

[0038] 1) Manually set a primary target temperature value TT91 with a tolerance of ±2°C. The value and range are required to be displayed on the setting screen. Manually set a secondary target temperature value TT92 with a tolerance of ±2°C. The value and range are required to be displayed on the setting screen.

[0039] 2) Compare the values ​​of TT11 and TT92. If TT11 ≥ TT92, execute 3); if TT11 < TT92, execute 5);

[0040] 3) The dry cooler passage of the electric three-way regulating valve V001 is 100%, the plate exchange assembly passage is 0%, the values ​​of TT91 and TT01 are compared, and the frequency of G01 / G02 is adjusted through the PID algorithm module to make TT01 infinitely close to TT91;

[0041] 4) The set time interval time02 will start timing time02 when the heat supply balance is reached. After the timing ends, the system will automatically return to 2 for readjustment. The readjusted time interval requirements are displayed on the setting screen;

[0042] 5) The dry cooler passage of the electric three-way regulating valve V001 is 0%, and the plate exchange component passage is 100%;

[0043] 6) Compare the values ​​of TT01 and TT91. If TT01>TT91, execute 7); if TT01<TT91, execute 8); if TT01=TT91, execute 9);

[0044] 7) The dry cooler passage increases slowly, and the plate exchange assembly passage decreases slowly. When the plate exchange assembly passage opening is ≤20%, the dry cooler fan G01 / G02 adjusts the speed slowly through the PID algorithm module until the effect of TT01=TT91 in step 9 is achieved;

[0045] 8) The dry cooler fan G01 / G02 is regulated to slowly reduce its speed through the PID algorithm module. When the dry cooler fan stops, the dry cooler passage is slowly reduced, and the plate exchange component passage is slowly increased until the effect of TT01=TT91 in step 9 is achieved;

[0046] 9) The electric valve V001 maintains the current opening and G01 / 02 maintains the current speed;

[0047] 10) The set time interval time02 will start timing time02 when the heat supply balance is reached. After the timing ends, the system will automatically return to 2) for readjustment. The readjusted time interval requirements are displayed on the setting screen;

[0048] 11) There are two setting parameters on the PLC panel, namely the adjustment time time01 for each movement of the three-way valve and the adjustment opening OP01 for each movement. The upper limit is set to 30 seconds and 10% opening to prevent misoperation.

[0049] New applications of integrated server cabinets that can recover waste heat are used in multiple places that require heat sources, including but not limited to the following:

[0050] Heating: apartments, villas, shopping malls, restaurants, office buildings, stadiums, theaters, factories, warehouses, agricultural greenhouses, fresh air preheating and any other areas with heating needs;

[0051] Hot water: domestic hot water, swimming pool heating, fish pond heating, to meet the daily water needs;

[0052] Others: Drying, high temperature sterilization, and steam generator preheating that require heat.

[0053] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and positive effects.

[0054] 1. Based on the existing cabinets, the present invention utilizes the waste heat of the server operation to meet the heating demand, transports the medium to the hot spot through water pumps, plate exchange components and other equipment, controls the heating output through three-way valves, flow meters, inverters and other equipment, and calculates the total heating amount through heat meters to meet the heat demand of different areas. It integrates liquid cooling server operation, waste heat utilization heat exchange station, server and heating management. The single cabinet of the present application has a relatively small load and can be operated in combination with cabinets. It is highly integrated and easy to install.

[0055] 2. The present invention adopts a modular structure, and the cabinet is mainly divided into two parts, the upper and lower parts, and the electrical part and the waste heat utilization module are separated, which is conducive to ensuring the safe operation of the server area and improving the stability of data protection. The cooling distribution unit in the lower part adopts a modular design to form a skid-mounted structure. It can be directly replaced to cope with different server integration types, and can achieve rapid disassembly and reassembly. Maintenance and maintenance are also convenient, and the cost of moving the machine is reduced; the built-in pump station simplifies the on-site installation process, and can be put into production immediately after connecting the cables and pipelines;

[0056] 3. The present invention sets a plate exchange unit, which can be used as a heating unit to realize waste heat recovery. The heat emitted by the server is fully recovered as the heat source of the plate exchange component. The medium after cooling after heat exchange flows back to the CDU module again. The output of the heated medium meets the heating needs of various occasions, etc., realizing the integration of multiple functions. At the same time, heat recovery and reuse reduces energy consumption;

[0057] 4. Due to the integration of multiple functions and waste heat utilization, this application is energy-efficient and efficient, with a thermal efficiency of up to 97% for the whole machine. It can be regarded as one energy source that meets both server operation and heat needs, with low carbon emissions. The double carbon emissions of server operation + heating become one; and on this basis, additional income can be generated, and server computing power income can be generated while heating. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0058] The accompanying drawings constituting a part of the present invention are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0059] Figure 1 It is a control logic diagram of the server being RACKCAB in the implementation of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 2 It is a control logic diagram of HYDROCAB in the implementation of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 3 It is a logic diagram of a primary circulation flow control system of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 4 It is a logic diagram of the normal mode of the single cycle temperature control system of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 5 It is a logic diagram of the waste heat utilization mode of the primary cycle temperature control system of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 6 This is the logic diagram of the climate compensation mode of the secondary circulation temperature control system of the present invention.

[0065] Figure 7It is the logic diagram of the secondary circulation temperature control system of the present invention - the terminal temperature control logic diagram;

[0066] Figure 8 It is the logic diagram of the secondary circulation temperature control system of the present invention - the circulation water temperature control logic diagram;

[0067] Fig. 9 It is a table of legends and names of graphic symbols of the present invention;

[0068] Fig.10 It is a table of the first characters and descriptions of the present invention in alphabetical symbols;

[0069] Fig.11 It is a structural schematic diagram of the server being a RACKCAB and not including a rear view of a cabinet in the implementation of the present invention;

[0070] Fig.12 It is a structural schematic diagram of the implementation of the present invention, in which the server is a RACKCAB and does not include a cabinet from the side;

[0071] Fig.13 It is a structural schematic diagram of the implementation of the present invention, in which the server is HYDROCAB and does not include a rear view of the cabinet;

[0072] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the structure when the server is HYDROCAB and does not include a cabinet when viewed from above in the implementation of the present invention; Description of the drawings:

[0074] 1. Server; 2. Primary circulation main water inlet pipeline; 3. Primary circulation main water return pipeline; 5. Cold water inlet of primary circulation pipeline; 6. Hot water return of primary circulation pipeline; 7. Hot water outlet of secondary circulation pipeline; 8. Cold water return of secondary circulation pipeline; 9. Plate replacement assembly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0075] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0076] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and the like are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defined as "first", "second", and the like may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0077] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by specific circumstances.

[0078] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0079] The working principle of the dry cooler is mainly based on the principle of heat exchange. Specifically, there is a circulating refrigerant flowing through the pipes inside the dry cooler, and these pipes are usually designed as a structure with efficient heat dissipation. When the high-temperature refrigerant flows through these pipes, the fan or natural wind outside the pipe will blow the air over the surface of the pipe to form a heat exchange. In this process, the refrigerant transfers heat to the outside air through the pipe wall, which reduces the temperature of the refrigerant and achieves the cooling effect. The outside air warms up because it absorbs the heat of the refrigerant and is then discharged or dissipated naturally. This heat exchange process continues, and the refrigerant circulates in the dry cooler, continuously releasing heat, thereby keeping its temperature at a low level. Therefore, the dry cooler can effectively reduce the temperature of the liquid and achieve the purpose of cooling. It is worth noting that the dry cooler does not consume water during operation, so its water-saving performance is very obvious. At the same time, since the heat exchange is carried out through the air, the dry cooler will not produce water mist or water droplets during operation, so it can also be used in some environments with high humidity requirements. In general, the dry cooler uses the principle of heat exchange and the temperature difference between air and refrigerant to achieve cooling effect. It is an efficient and energy-saving cooling device.

[0080] The plate-type heat exchanger assembly is a high-efficiency plate-type heat exchanger assembly made of a series of metal sheets with a certain corrugated shape. It is composed of many stamped corrugated thin plates at a certain interval, sealed by gaskets on all sides, and overlapped and compressed with frames and compression spirals. The four corner holes of the plates and gaskets form the distribution pipes and collection pipes of the fluid, and at the same time, the cold and hot fluids are reasonably separated, so that they flow in the flow channels on both sides of each plate, and heat exchange is carried out through the plates. Thin rectangular channels are formed between various plates, and heat exchange is carried out through the plates. The plate-type heat exchanger assembly is an ideal equipment for liquid-liquid and liquid-steam heat exchange. It has high heat exchange efficiency, low heat loss, compact and light structure, small footprint, wide application and long service life.

[0081] like Figure 1-Figure 14 As shown, the present invention is an integrated server cabinet and control method capable of recycling waste heat. For the cabinet-type liquid cooling system, a suitable working environment is provided for the liquid-cooled server to ensure that the liquid-cooled server works stably under good working conditions. The traditional liquid-cooled server cycle is connected to a cold source to dissipate heat into the atmosphere, while the device can use the heat from the operation of the server as waste heat for heating, and transport the medium to the hot spot through equipment such as a water pump and a plate exchanger assembly. The heating output is controlled by equipment such as a three-way valve, a flow meter, and a frequency converter, and the total amount of heating is counted by a heat meter.

[0082] An integrated server cabinet capable of waste heat recovery is mostly used in an independent cabinet structure below 100K, including multiple servers 1, a cooling distribution unit and a control component. Multiple servers can be laid out in multiple rows and columns on the machine position;

[0083] The cooling distribution unit (CDD) includes a primary circulation pipeline, and the waste heat utilization module includes a secondary circulation pipeline. The primary circulation pipeline and the secondary circulation pipeline realize online adjustment of water flow in the primary circulation pipeline and the secondary circulation pipeline through an electric three-way regulating valve, so as to realize the switching of the entire system among multiple modes of primary temperature control, waste heat utilization mode and secondary temperature control.

[0084] The primary circulation pipeline is used as a cooling source to cool down and dissipate heat for multiple servers through the circulation of the medium.

[0085] The secondary circulation pipeline, as a bypass branch of the liquid cooling system, is used to recover waste heat and meet the heat supply of components requiring external heat sources;

[0086] It also includes a plate exchanger assembly. The medium in the primary circulation pipeline that has been heated up by the server is used as a heat source for the plate exchanger assembly. After heat exchange through the plate exchanger assembly, the cooled medium flows back into the primary circulation pipeline. At the same time, the heated medium is used as a supply source for the heat source in the secondary circulation pipeline. In this application, a plate exchanger assembly is used. Considering the cost and installation space factors, if there are other structures on the market that can realize medium heat exchange, the technical solution of this application can also be realized, and they are all within the protection scope of this application.

[0087] More preferably, the structure of the present application is a cabinet structure, including a cabinet body, which adopts a highly integrated structure and is divided into two parts, a plurality of servers are located in the upper part, the length and width of the cooling distribution unit are equal to the length and width of the cabinet, the height is compressed as much as possible to leave space for the server layout, occupying the lower half of the cabinet, and assembled into a pry for easy and quick disassembly and assembly.

[0088] The primary circulation pipeline is arranged at the back of the cabinet, and is arranged in the same way. A soft connection is set between the pipeline and the cooling distribution unit (CDU) to prevent the vibration of the CDU from affecting the stability of the server operation. The control components are mainly electrical, arranged at the top of the front of the cabinet, away from the pipeline and CDU, and isolated and partitioned. The main equipment includes main switches, branch switches, inverters, PLC modules, screens, wiring terminals, cables and copper bars.

[0089] The structural layout of this application follows the principle of proximity and the principle of non-interference. The principle of proximity is to minimize interfaces, cables, pipelines, etc., and the relevant parts should be close to each other. The principle of non-interference is to minimize or eliminate the intersection between the partitions. On the above basis, detailed partitions are made to determine the limit space of each part, and finally an integrated highly integrated cabinet is formed according to the arrangement and combination of the limit space. Then the partition design, the server, control components, primary circulation pipeline and secondary circulation pipeline partitions are designed separately, and finally assembled, and finally combined and adjusted. All partitions are assembled according to the initial plan, and interference and reasonable conditions are checked and adjusted.

[0090] In the process of structural layout, it is necessary to calculate the final cabinet size through parameters. The detailed steps of calculation are as follows:

[0091] S1. Determine the total power of multiple servers, calculate the amplification factor based on the total power, and then round it to determine the heat exchange power of the CDU;

[0092] S2. Calculate the primary circulation pump flow rate. According to the server's maximum inlet and outlet water temperature difference, obtain the primary circulation temperature difference △t. Calculate the primary circulation pump flow rate according to the following formula:

[0093] Q = cmΔt;

[0094] Q=c(ρv)△t;

[0095] V = Q / (cρ△t);

[0096] In the above formula, the characteristics of the cooling medium include freezing point, boiling point, density, and specific heat capacity. C stands for specific heat capacity, which indicates the ability of a substance to increase the amount of heat required to increase the temperature. The unit of specific heat capacity is joule per kilogram Celsius. m: the mass of the object. △t represents the change in temperature, that is, the temperature of the object that is increased (or decreased). ρ: represents the density of the substance, which is the ratio of the mass of the substance to its volume, and the unit is kilograms per cubic meter. v: represents the volume of the substance, and the unit is cubic meter.

[0097] Finally, set the amplification factor to determine the flow rate;

[0098] S3. Calculate the head of the primary circulation pump, select the pipe specifications, and determine the pipe specific friction resistance based on the selected pipe specifications.

[0099] Pipeline resistance loss calculation formula △P=L·△p

[0100] L = pipe + elbow + tee + valve group + plate exchange assembly + server, that is, the equivalent length of the most unfavorable loop of one cycle;

[0101] △p: Pipeline specific friction resistance, the head of the primary circulation pump is greater than △P;

[0102] S4. Calculate the flow and head of the secondary circulation pump. The calculation process is the same as that of the primary circulation pump. The difference is that L = pipeline + elbow + valve group + plate exchange assembly + heating terminal, that is, the equivalent length of the most unfavorable loop of the secondary circulation;

[0103] S5. Plate exchanger assembly selection. The power of the plate exchanger assembly is consistent with the power of multiple servers, or slightly equal to the power of multiple servers. Then, the plate exchanger assembly is selected based on the primary supply and return water temperature difference and the secondary supply and return water temperature difference, and the heat exchange area is calculated.

[0104] S6. The selection of pipelines, pipe fittings and valve groups is determined by rounding up the flow rates of the primary and secondary circulation pipelines, selecting economical friction resistance pipelines, and using square tubes for risers. This can achieve more efficient use of space while keeping the friction resistance close. Pipe fittings and valve groups should be of the same pipe diameter.

[0105] After the above calculations are completed, the structure needs to be laid out so that the length and width of the CDU are equal to the length and width of the cabinet, and the height is compressed as much as possible to leave space for the server layout. If the electric three-way throttle valve is installed at the water inlet of the heat exchange component, select the diversion tee. If it is installed at the water outlet of the plate exchange component, select the converging tee.

[0106] The structural layout of Example 1-RACKCAB is as follows: the primary circulation pump and the secondary circulation pump are arranged in parallel up and down, the primary circulation pump is located at the upper end of the secondary circulation pump, and is arranged on one side of the cabinet, the dry cooler fan and the plate exchange assembly are arranged vertically and in parallel on the same side, and are located on the side of the cabinet away from the primary circulation pump. After the primary circulation pump and the secondary circulation pump are arranged in intervals up and down, the total space occupied by the upper and lower height is not greater than the total height of the plate exchange assembly or the air cooler fan, and the middle position on both sides is used for laying pipelines;

[0107] The water inlet and outlet are centrally laid horizontally and arranged in parallel, located at the bottom of the CDU structure. From left to right, they are the cold water inlet 5 of the primary circulation pipeline, the hot water return 6 of the primary circulation pipeline, the hot water outlet 7 of the secondary circulation pipeline, and the cold water return 8 of the secondary circulation pipeline. The path of the primary circulation pipeline: the cooling medium enters the primary circulation pipeline through the cold water inlet of the primary circulation pipeline to cool down multiple servers, the medium heats up, and then the medium passes through the electric three-way regulating valve. Part of the heated medium enters the plate exchange component, and the other part of the heated medium flows back to the dry cooler fan through the three-way valve, thus forming a primary circulation pipeline; secondary circulation pipeline: entering the plate exchange component The heated medium is output by the plate exchanger assembly through heat exchange, and is supplied as a heat source to the secondary circulation pipeline, thereby realizing waste heat recovery and reuse. During the reuse process, the medium in the secondary circulation pipeline is cooled, and flows back to the plate exchanger assembly through the secondary circulation pump for heat exchange again, and the waste heat utilization part forms a secondary circulation pipeline; further, the upper end of the plate exchanger assembly is connected to the hot water return port of the primary circulation pipeline and the hot water outlet of the secondary circulation pipeline, and the lower end is connected to the cold water inlet of the primary circulation pipeline and the cold water return port of the secondary circulation pipeline. The upper end is a heat source inlet and a heat source outlet, and the lower end is a low-temperature inlet and a low-temperature outlet, which meets the heat exchange requirements of the maximum path and has high heat exchange efficiency.

[0108] The structural layout of Example 2-HYDROCAB is as follows: the primary circulation pump and the secondary circulation pump are arranged in parallel on the left and right, and are located on the side of the cabinet, the dry cooler fan is arranged horizontally and the center line of the length direction is arranged parallel to the axis of the primary circulation pump, the plate exchanger assembly is arranged at the upper end of the dry cooler fan and the two are arranged on one side of the cabinet in the length direction, the tail ends of the primary circulation pump and the secondary circulation pump are arranged close to the rear end of the cabinet, and the side of the plate exchanger assembly and the front end of the cabinet are used for laying pipelines.

[0109] The water inlet and outlet are centrally laid horizontally and arranged in parallel, located at the bottom of the CDU structure. From left to right, they are the cold water return of the secondary circulation pipeline, the hot water outlet of the secondary circulation pipeline, the cold water inlet of the primary circulation pipeline, and the hot water return of the primary circulation pipeline. The path of the primary circulation pipeline: the cooling medium enters the primary circulation pipeline through the cold water inlet of the primary circulation pipeline to cool down multiple servers, and then the medium is heated. The heated medium enters the plate exchange component and is used as a heat source for heat exchange. After heat exchange, the high-temperature medium passes through the electric three-way regulating valve, and part of the heated medium enters the plate exchange component, and the other part of the heated medium flows back to the dry cooler fan through the three-way valve, thereby forming a primary circulation pipeline; Secondary circulation pipeline: the heated medium entering the plate exchanger assembly is supplied as a heat source to the secondary circulation pipeline through heat exchange, and the medium in the secondary circulation pipeline is cooled down and returned to the plate exchanger assembly through the secondary circulation pump for heat exchange again, and the waste heat utilization part forms a secondary circulation pipeline; further, the plate exchanger assembly is connected to the hot water return port of the primary circulation pipeline and the hot water outlet of the secondary circulation pipeline at the front end close to the cabinet, and the rear end is connected to the cold water inlet of the primary circulation pipeline and the cold water return port of the secondary circulation pipeline. The front end is a heat source inlet and a heat source outlet, and the rear end is a low-temperature inlet and a low-temperature outlet, which meets the heat exchange requirements of the maximum path and has high heat exchange efficiency.

[0110] More preferably, the cabinet is a frame structure with multiple servers built in. Gaps are provided between adjacent servers for the arrangement of a primary circulation water circuit. The primary circulation pipeline includes but is not limited to a dry cooler fan. Other liquid-cooled servers may also be used as long as a cooling medium supply source can be provided. It also includes a primary circulation main water inlet pipeline 2 and a primary circulation main return water pipeline 3. One server corresponds to one water inlet branch and one water outlet branch. The primary circulation main water inlet pipeline enters the cooling area of ​​multiple servers at the same time through multiple water inlet branches, and then flows back to the primary circulation main return water pipeline through the water outlet branch. Each water inlet branch and each water outlet branch are provided with a valve for controlling the water flow switch. The switch of each valve can be determined and adjusted according to the number of servers actually arranged in the cabinet to meet the cooling needs of servers of different sizes, ensure targeted cooling, and avoid unnecessary energy waste.

[0111] It should be noted that the cooling medium of the present application is water, and other cooling media may also be used without specific limitation as long as the cooling requirements are met. The water outlet described in the present application refers to the liquid outlet end, and water is one of the implementation methods.

[0112] More preferably, the primary circulation main water inlet pipeline is provided with a first valve V003, a primary water circulation flowmeter FIT01 and a primary water inlet temperature signal meter TT01 in sequence from the dry cooler fan end to the server end, and the primary circulation main return water pipeline is provided with a primary water return temperature signal meter TT02, a primary circulation water pump P01, an electric three-way regulating valve V001 and a second valve V002 in sequence from the server end to the dry cooler fan end. The primary water circulation flowmeter FIT01 feeds back a signal to the control component, and the control component compares the feedback value of the primary water circulation flowmeter FIT01 with the set target flow through the PID algorithm module, and then adjusts the frequency of the primary circulation water pump so that the value of the primary water circulation flowmeter FIT01 catches up with the set target flow.

[0113] One of the ports of the electric three-way regulating valve V001 is connected to one of the secondary circulation water inlet pipes of the secondary circulation pipeline. The secondary circulation pipeline also includes a plate heat exchanger assembly. The water inlet end of the plate heat exchanger assembly includes two inputs, one is a secondary circulation water inlet pipe connected to the electric three-way regulating valve V001, which serves as a heat source for heat exchange, and the other is a water supply pipe connected to the outside, which is a water source after the waste heat is utilized and cooled. That is, the medium in the secondary circulation pipeline is circulated and cooled, and then flows back to the plate heat exchanger assembly through the secondary circulation water pump, and further heat is exchanged to supply hot water to the outside. The secondary circulation water inlet main pipe is provided with a secondary circulation water pump P02 and a secondary water return water temperature signal meter TT11. The water return temperature signal meter TT11 feeds back the signal to the control component. At the same time, the outdoor temperature signal meter TT21 and the indoor temperature signal meter TT22 are set, that is, the temperature in the heating room. The outdoor temperature signal meter TT21 and the indoor temperature signal meter TT22 are electrically connected to the control component to feed back the real-time temperature to the control component. The water outlet end of the plate exchanger component is also divided into two branches, one of which returns the cooled medium to the primary circulation main water inlet pipeline in the primary circulation pipeline, connected between the first valve V003 and the primary water circulation flowmeter FIT01, and the other is connected to the external heat source demand component. Waste heat utilization can also be used in multiple fields, as detailed below.

[0114] Heating: Any area with heating demand, such as apartments, villas, shopping malls, restaurants, office buildings, stadiums, theaters, factories, warehouses, agricultural greenhouses, fresh air preheating, etc. Most of these areas are places where people gather, and have certain requirements for heating. In addition, in the current social environment, the amount of big data processing in areas where people gather is large, and many server cabinets are set up. The technical solution of this application can be used to recycle waste heat;

[0115] Hot water: domestic hot water, swimming pool heating, fish pond heating, etc., to meet the water needs of daily life;

[0116] Others: drying, high temperature sterilization, steam generator preheating and other parts that require heat.

[0117] More preferably, when the heat source supply of the primary circulation pipeline cannot meet the heat recovery demand, the heat source supply pipe connected to the outside can be used as a supplement, so that the entire heat recovery can be well operated and meet the use needs. Of course, no external heat source is set in the structure of the present application, and the heat of the server itself is fully utilized for recycling and utilization, which is environmentally friendly.

[0118] Before explaining the steps of different control methods, each signal or numerical code is first explained as shown in the following table.

[0119]

[0120]

[0121] The control method of primary flow control is as follows:

[0122] Manually set a target flow value FIT91, which is required to be displayed on the setting screen.

[0123] The values ​​of FIT91 and FIT01 are compared, and the frequency of the primary circulation water pump P01 is adjusted through the PID algorithm module to make FIT01 infinitely close to FIT91.

[0124] The method of primary return water temperature control is as follows:

[0125] Set the primary return water target temperature TT91; adjust the opening and speed of V001 and G01 / G02 through the PID algorithm module; make TT01 catch up with TT91.

[0126] Details: Manually set a primary target temperature value TT91 (±2). The value and range are required to be displayed on the setting screen.

[0127] The dry cooler passage of the electric three-way regulating valve V001 is 100%, and the plate exchange component passage is 0%.

[0128] The values ​​of TT91 and TT01 are compared, and the frequency of G01 / G02 is adjusted through the PID algorithm module to make TT01 infinitely close to TT91.

[0129] The control method of waste heat utilization mode is as follows:

[0130] Set the primary return water target temperature TT91 and the secondary return water target temperature TT92; compare TT92 with TT11 to determine whether waste heat utilization is needed; adjust the opening and speed of V001 and G01 / G02 through the PID algorithm module; make TT01 catch up with TT91; return to the first step and readjust after stabilizing for a period of time. The detailed steps are as follows:

[0131] 1. Manually set a primary target temperature value TT91 (±2°C). The value and range are required to be displayed on the setting screen. Manually set a secondary target temperature value TT92 (±2°C). The value and range are required to be displayed on the setting screen.

[0132] 2. Compare the values ​​of TT11 and TT92. If TT11 ≥ TT92, execute (3); if TT11 < TT92, execute (5).

[0133] 3. The dry cooler passage of the electric three-way regulating valve V001 is 100%, the plate exchange component passage is 0%, the values ​​of TT91 and TT01 are compared, and the frequency of G01 / G02 is adjusted through the PID algorithm module to make TT01 infinitely close to TT91.

[0134] 4. Set the time interval time02. When the heat supply balance is reached, the timing time02 will start. After the timing ends, the system will automatically return to (2) for readjustment. The readjusted time interval requirements are displayed on the setting screen.

[0135] 5. The dry cooler passage of the electric three-way regulating valve V001 is 0%, and the plate exchange component passage is 100%.

[0136] 6. Compare the values ​​of TT01 and TT91. If TT01>TT91, execute (7); if TT01<TT91, execute (8); if TT01=TT91, execute 9.

[0137] 7. The dry cooler passage increases slowly, and the plate exchanger passage decreases slowly. When the plate exchanger passage opening is ≤20%, the dry cooler fan G01 / G02 adjusts the speed slowly through the PID algorithm module until the effect of TT01=TT91 in step 9 is achieved.

[0138] 8. The dry cooler fan G01 / G02 is regulated to slowly decrease its speed through the PID algorithm module. When the dry cooler fan stops, the dry cooler passage is slowly reduced, and the plate exchange component passage is slowly increased until the effect of TT01=TT91 is achieved in step 9.

[0139] 9. Electric valve V001 maintains the current opening and G01 / 02 maintains the current speed.

[0140] 10. After the set time interval time02 is reached, the timing time02 will start. After the timing ends, the system will automatically return to (2) for readjustment. The readjusted time interval requirements will be displayed on the setting screen.

[0141] 11. There are two setting parameters on the PLC panel, namely the adjustment time time01 for each movement of the three-way valve and the adjustment opening OP01 for each movement. The upper limit is set to 30 seconds and 10% opening to prevent misoperation.

[0142] The method of secondary temperature control, that is, the method of climate compensation automatic control is as follows:

[0143] Calculate the secondary return water target temperature TT94 according to the outdoor temperature TT21; adjust the frequency of P02 through the PID algorithm module; make TT11 follow TT94; terminal temperature control; set the indoor target temperature TT96; adjust the frequency of P02 through the PID algorithm module; make TT22 follow TT96; control the heating circulation water temperature; set the heating return water target temperature TT92; adjust the frequency of P02 through the PID algorithm module; make TT11 follow TT92. The detailed steps are as follows:

[0144] 1. Set the reference outdoor temperature TT93, reference circulation temperature TT95, compensation curvature 1 CT01, compensation curvature 2 CT02, curvature selection interval segmentation value TT97 / TT98, and system recharge time value time03. All values ​​are displayed on the screen and can be modified;

[0145] 2. The outdoor temperature probe measures the current outdoor temperature TT21;

[0146] 3. Calculate △T, △T = TT93-TT21;

[0147] 4. Determine which range △T is in. If TT98℃≤△T≤TT97, execute (5); if △T>TT97 or △T<TT98, execute 6;

[0148] 5. Use CT01 for calculation;

[0149] 6. Use CT02 for calculation;

[0150] 7. Calculate the cycle temperature TT94 = TT95 + (△T × curvature), and this value needs to be displayed on the screen;

[0151] 8. Calculate the cycle temperature TT94 as the target value of TT11;

[0152] 9. The water pump speed is adjusted through the PID algorithm module to control the circulation flow, so that the heating return water temperature TT11 is infinitely close to TT94;

[0153] 10. Set a time value time03, which means to measure the outdoor temperature every hour to obtain the current calculated cycle temperature TT94.

[0154] The above three modes are connected in parallel and can be switched manually.

[0155] The terminal temperature control system is as follows:

[0156] Manually set an indoor temperature target value TT96 (±2), and the value and range are required to be displayed on the setting screen;

[0157] Compare the values ​​of TT22 and TT96, and adjust the frequency of P02 through the PID algorithm module to make TT22 infinitely close to TT96

[0158] The heating circulation water temperature is controlled as follows:

[0159] Manually set a heating return water temperature target value TT92 (±2). The value and range are required to be displayed on the setting screen. Compare the values ​​of TT11 and TT92, and adjust the frequency of P02 through the PID algorithm module to make TT11 infinitely close to TT92.

[0160] Examples are as follows.

[0161] Cabinet dimensions: Similar to ordinary server cabinets, width*depth*height=800*1000*2200mm

[0162] Server load: 10-15 servers, occupying the upper half of the cabinet;

[0163] Cooling distribution unit (CDU): The length and width are equal to the length and width of the cabinet, and the height is compressed as much as possible to leave space for server layout. It occupies the lower half of the cabinet and is assembled into a skid. After forming a skid-mounted structure, it is convenient for rapid disassembly and assembly as a component, rapid machine relocation and rapid assembly, and overall maintenance. The main equipment includes a primary circulation water pump, a secondary circulation water pump, a plate exchanger assembly, a water storage tank, a water supply pump, a flow meter, an electric three-way regulating valve, a filter, a valve group and a pipeline.

[0164] The CDU is designed as follows:

[0165] Heat exchange power

[0166] According to the external dimensions of the server and the cabinet, the RACKCAB is designed to have 12 slots and the HYDROCAB is designed to have 15 slots, occupying a total of 1400mm of upper space. The power of the servers is 12*7.5=90kW and 15*5.5=82.5kW respectively.

[0167] By calculating the power amplification factor and rounding it off, it can be determined that the heat exchange power of the CDU is 100kW.

[0168] The difference between RACKCAB and HYDROCAB is that the RACKCAB server is arranged in parallel up and down, with the water inlet on the same side and the water outlet on the other side, presenting an overall left-in and right-out structure. For the HYDROCAB server, an overall structure of water inlet at the top and water outlet at the bottom is adopted. Regardless of which structure of the server is used, the water inlet branch and the water outlet branch are equipped with separately controlled valves, and finally they are all converged to the water inlet main pipe and the water outlet main pipe.

[0169] Primary circulation water pump:

[0170] The server's maximum inlet and outlet water temperatures are 45 / 55°C, and the temperature difference for one cycle △t1=10°C.

[0171] The server's primary circulation medium uses pure water, whose physical properties are: freezing point 0°C, boiling point 100°C,

[0172] Density 999.84kg / m 3 , specific heat capacity 4.2kJ / kg·K.

[0173] Substituting the above data into the heat calculation formula Q = cm△t, the primary circulation pump flow rate can be calculated as:

[0174] Q = cmΔt;

[0175] Q=c(ρv)△t;

[0176] V=Q / (cρ△t)=100*3600 / (4.2*1000*10)=8.57m 3 / h;

[0177] Calculating the 1.1 times magnification factor, the flow rate should be 9.427m 3 / h;

[0178] C stands for specific heat capacity; it indicates the ability of a substance to increase the amount of heat required to increase the temperature. The unit of specific heat capacity is joule per kilogram Celsius; m: the mass of the object; △t represents the change in temperature, that is, the temperature of the object increases (or decreases). When absorbing heat, △t refers to the increased temperature value, and when releasing heat, △t refers to the decreased temperature value. When absorbing heat, it is Q = cmΔT rise (the actual increased temperature minus the initial temperature of the object), when releasing heat, it is Q = cmΔT drop (the actual initial temperature minus the temperature after the drop), or Q = cmΔT = cm(T end - T initial). When Q>0, it is absorbing heat, and when Q<0, it is releasing heat;

[0179] ρ: represents the density of the substance, which is the ratio of the mass of the substance to its volume, and its unit is kilograms per cubic meter; v: represents the volume of the substance, and its unit is cubic meter.

[0180] According to the "Hydraulic Calculation Table for Hot Water Pipelines", when the flow rate is selected for a DN50 pipe, the pipe resistance is about 713.9 Pa / m and the pipe cross-sectional area is about 1900 mm 2 When the DN65 pipe is selected, the pipe resistance is about 128.3Pa / m and the pipe cross-sectional area is about 3300mm 2 .

[0181] Due to the limited space in the cabinet, most of the pipes are 40×40mm square pipes, the interface agent is close to the DN50 pipe cross-sectional area, and the pipe specific friction resistance is 713.9Pa / m.

[0182] After preliminary design, the equivalent length of the most unfavorable loop of a cycle is about pipe + elbow + tee + valve group + plate exchange assembly + server

[0183] =6+30+45+85+120+150=296m.

[0184] Substitute the above data into the pipeline resistance loss calculation formula:

[0185] ΔP=L·Δp=296×713.9=211,314.4Pa=0.211MPa.

[0186] Calculating the 1.1 times magnification factor, the flow rate should be 0.2311MPa.

[0187] Therefore, the head of the primary circulation pump should be greater than 23m to meet the demand.

[0188] After the above calculation, the parameters of the primary circulation water pump can be determined:

[0189] Q=10m 3 / h; H = 23m.

[0190] The secondary circulation water pump is calculated as follows.

[0191] The general heating design cycle temperature difference is 10°C, which just matches the inlet and outlet water temperature difference of the server, so the secondary cycle temperature difference △t2 = 10°C.

[0192] Because the server needs to run all year round and requires an outdoor cold source, a 50% volume concentration ethylene glycol solution is used as an antifreeze measure for the internal medium of the secondary pipeline. The solution properties are: freezing point -37.9℃, boiling point 107.8℃, density 1063.66kg / m 3 , specific heat capacity 3.358 kJ / kg·K.

[0193] Substituting the above data into the heat calculation formula Q = cm△t, the secondary circulation pump flow rate can be calculated as:

[0194] Q=cm△t

[0195] Q=c(ρv)△t

[0196] V=Q / (cρ△t)=100*3600 / (3.358*1063.66*10)=10.079m 3 / h

[0197] Calculating the 1.1 times magnification factor, the flow rate should be 11.0869m 3 / h

[0198] Taking into account that the equipment is used in parallel with 4 or less units, the total heating load will not exceed 400kW. 400kW can meet the heating demand of about 8,000 square meters at most. The average pipeline specific friction resistance is about 120Pa / m. The estimated equivalent length of the most unfavorable loop of the secondary circulation is pipeline + elbow + valve group + plate exchange assembly + heating terminal = 1000+500+200+120+500=2320m.

[0199] Substitute the above data into the pipeline resistance loss calculation formula:

[0200] ΔP=L·Δp=2320×120=278,400Pa=0.278MPa.

[0201] Calculating the 1.1 times magnification factor, the flow rate should be 0.3058MPa.

[0202] Therefore, the head of the primary circulation pump should be greater than 30m to meet the demand.

[0203] After the above calculation, the parameters of the primary circulation water pump can be determined:

[0204] Q=11m 3 / h; H = 30m.

[0205] Calculation of make-up water pump parameters.

[0206] The total water volume of a circulation system is calculated to be about 300L, and the time for the first water replenishment is designed to be 30 minutes, so the flow rate of the water replenishment pump should not be less than 10L / min.

[0207] The highest point of the server is about 2.2m away from the water supply point, and the server's maximum pressure resistance is about 3.5bar, so the lift of the water supply pump should be between 2.5-3.5m.

[0208] Calculation of plate-type plate replacement components.

[0209] The heat transfer capacity has been confirmed to be 100kW.

[0210] The logarithmic temperature difference is set to 5°C, and the heat exchange supply and return water temperatures can also be confirmed by the above calculation process:

[0211] The primary supply and return water temperature is 45 / 55℃; the secondary supply and return water temperature is 40 / 50℃.

[0212] The above data is used to calculate the plate type plate exchange component selection:

[0213] Heat exchange area: 6.496㎡; primary cycle pressure drop: 38.6kPa; secondary cycle pressure drop: 26.5kPa.

[0214] The calculation of the plate-type plate exchanger assembly can be achieved by referring to the existing selection manual or the selection APP on the market. It is a well-known technical means. In the structure of this application, the same principle also applies.

[0215] The pipelines, fittings and valve groups are determined.

[0216] Combined with the above calculation results, the first and second flow rates are rounded up to 11m 3 / h. By looking up the table "Hydraulic Calculation Table for Hot Water Pipelines", we can know that DN50 pipes should be selected as the economical specific friction resistance, and 40×40mm square pipes should be used for risers. The specific friction resistance is close and the space can be used more effectively.

[0217] The valve should be of the same diameter as the pipeline.

[0218] The flow meter is the same as the valve and the same pipe diameter should be selected.

[0219] The electric three-way regulating valve should also be selected with the same pipe diameter. If it is installed at the water inlet of the plate exchange component, a diversion tee should be selected, and if it is installed at the water outlet of the plate exchange component, a converging tee should be selected.

[0220] The above calculations can complete the selection of all equipment, and after obtaining the equipment's overall dimensions, the equipment layout can begin.

[0221] Design principles: proximity principle, non-interference principle, power-on and power-off principle. The proximity principle should not only make the pipeline as streamlined as possible, but also reduce the number of elbows and reduce pipeline resistance. The non-interference principle should ensure that equipment, pipelines and valve groups do not interfere with each other, so as to facilitate the replacement of equipment and valve groups, simple and convenient maintenance and operation, and high installation feasibility. The power-on and power-off principle is for safety considerations to prevent interlocking leakage accidents from causing greater losses after leakage accidents.

[0222] The above structure of the present application can be used for small-scale (below 100kW) liquid-cooled server deployment, that is, an integrated independent cabinet; it can also be used for large-scale liquid-cooled server deployment, that is, cabinet-connected operation. Waste heat utilization can also be used in multiple fields, as detailed below.

[0223] Heating: Any area with heating demand, such as apartments, villas, shopping malls, restaurants, office buildings, stadiums, theaters, factories, warehouses, agricultural greenhouses, fresh air preheating, etc. Most of these areas are places where people gather, and have certain requirements for heating. In addition, in the current social environment, the amount of big data processing in areas where people gather is large, and many server cabinets are set up. The technical solution of this application can be used to recycle waste heat;

[0224] Hot water: domestic hot water, swimming pool heating, fish pond heating, etc., to meet the water needs of daily life;

[0225] Others: drying, high temperature sterilization, steam generator preheating and other parts that require heat.

[0226] During the application process, enterprises can meet the needs of heating and daily hot water supply. Hot water supply is a must for many office areas or factories. Factories with production workshops or accommodation areas can meet the daily bathing needs of employees, especially in winter. At the same time, water heating can be used for office heating, which is especially suitable for areas where heating is inconvenient, and there is no additional energy consumption, and waste heat can be fully recovered to improve the environment.

[0227] Compared with the existing heating products on the market, electric boilers and wall-mounted boilers, the advantages of this application are as follows.

[0228] 1. Energy-saving and high efficiency. Since the thermal efficiency of the whole machine is as high as 97%, it can be regarded as one energy source to meet both the server operation and heat requirements;

[0229] 2. Low carbon emissions: server operation + heating double carbon emissions to one;

[0230] 3. Additional benefits: server computing power benefits can be generated while heating;

[0231] 4. Highly integrated and easy to install, the built-in pump station simplifies the on-site installation process and can be put into production immediately after connecting cables and pipes.

[0232] The above is a detailed description of an embodiment of the present invention, but the content is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and cannot be considered to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. All equivalent changes and improvements made within the scope of the present invention should still fall within the scope of the patent coverage of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated server cabinet capable of waste heat recovery and utilization, for a cabinet-type liquid cooling system, characterized by: It includes multiple servers, cooling distribution units, waste heat utilization modules and control components; The cooling distribution unit includes a primary circulation pipeline, which serves as a cooling source and cools and dissipates heat for multiple servers through the circulation of a medium; The waste heat utilization module includes a secondary circulation pipeline for waste heat recovery to meet the heat supply of the external heat source demand components. The primary circulation pipeline and the secondary circulation pipeline are used to adjust the flow of the medium in the primary circulation pipeline and the secondary circulation pipeline after the temperature is increased online through an electric three-way regulating valve to realize the switching of the entire system among multiple modes of primary temperature control, waste heat utilization mode and secondary temperature control; It also includes a plate exchanger component. The medium in the primary circulation pipeline that has been heated up by the server is used as a heat source for the plate exchanger component. After heat exchange through the plate exchanger component, part of the cooled medium flows back into the primary circulation pipeline, and the other part of the heated medium is used as a supply source for the heat source in the secondary circulation pipeline.

2. The integrated server cabinet capable of waste heat recovery according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It includes a cabinet body, which is equipped with multiple machine positions. Multiple servers are laid on the machine positions in multiple rows and columns. The cabinet body is divided into two parts, the upper part is used to place multiple servers, and the lower part is used to place the cooling distribution unit, plate replacement components and lay pipelines. The cooling distribution unit forms a skid-mounted structure, and the primary circulation pipeline is arranged on the back of the cabinet in the same way. A soft connection is provided between the pipeline and the cooling distribution unit to prevent the cooling distribution unit from vibrating.

3. The integrated server cabinet capable of waste heat recovery according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The primary circulation pipeline includes a primary circulation pump, a primary circulation main water inlet pipeline and a primary circulation main water return pipeline. One server corresponds to one water inlet branch and one water outlet branch. The primary circulation main water inlet pipeline enters the cooling area of ​​multiple servers at the same time through multiple water inlet branches, and then flows back to the primary circulation main water return pipeline through the water outlet branch. Each water inlet branch and each water outlet branch are equipped with valves to control the water flow switch. The primary circulation main water inlet pipeline is provided with the first valve, primary water circulation flowmeter FIT01 and primary water inlet temperature signal meter TT01 from the dry cooler fan end to the server end, and the primary circulation main return water pipeline is provided with the primary water return temperature signal meter TT02, primary circulation water pump P01, electric three-way regulating valve V001 and the second valve V002 from the server end to the dry cooler fan end. The primary water circulation flowmeter FIT01 feeds back the signal to the control component, and the control component compares the feedback value of the primary water circulation flowmeter FIT01 with the set target flow through the PID algorithm module, and then adjusts the frequency of the primary circulation water pump so that the value of the primary water circulation flowmeter FIT01 catches up with the set target flow.

4. The integrated server cabinet capable of waste heat recovery according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The secondary circulation pipeline includes a secondary circulation pump, a secondary circulation water inlet main and a secondary water return temperature signal meter TT11. The secondary water return temperature signal meter TT11 feeds back signals to the control component. It also includes an outdoor temperature signal meter TT21 and an indoor temperature signal meter TT22. The outdoor temperature signal meter TT21 and the indoor temperature signal meter TT22 are both electrically connected to the control component to feed back real-time temperature to the control component.

5. The integrated server cabinet capable of waste heat recovery according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The water outlet of the plate heat exchanger assembly is divided into two branches, one of which returns the cooled medium to the primary circulation main water inlet pipeline in the primary circulation pipeline, connected between the first valve V003 and the primary water circulation flowmeter FIT01, and the other is connected to the external heat source demand component.

6. The integrated server cabinet capable of waste heat recovery according to claim 1 is characterized in that: During the structural layout, the length and width of the cooling distribution unit should not be greater than the length and width of the cabinet to reserve space for the server. If the electric three-way throttle valve is installed at the water inlet of the plate exchanger assembly, the diversion tee is selected. If the electric three-way throttle valve is installed at the water outlet of the plate exchanger assembly, the converging tee is selected.

7. The integrated server cabinet capable of waste heat recovery according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The specifications of the product are determined by parameter calculation, the steps are as follows: S1. Determine the total power of multiple servers, calculate the amplification factor based on the total power, and then round it to determine the heat exchange power of the cooling distribution unit; S2. Calculate the primary circulation pump flow rate. According to the server's maximum inlet and outlet water temperature difference, obtain the primary circulation temperature difference △t. Calculate the primary circulation pump flow rate according to the following formula: Q = cmΔt; Q=c(ρv)△t; V = Q / (cρ△t); In the above formula, the characteristics of the cooling medium include freezing point, boiling point, density, and specific heat capacity. C stands for specific heat capacity, which indicates the ability of a substance to increase the amount of heat required to increase the temperature. The unit of specific heat capacity is joule per kilogram of Celsius. m: the mass of the object. △t represents the change in temperature, that is, the temperature of the object that is increased (or decreased). ρ: represents the density of the substance, which is the ratio of the mass of the substance to its volume, and the unit is kilograms per cubic meter. v: represents the volume of the substance, the unit is cubic meter; Finally, set the amplification factor to determine the flow rate; S3. Calculate the head of the primary circulation pump, select the pipe specifications, and determine the pipe specific friction resistance based on the selected pipe specifications. Pipeline resistance loss calculation formula △P=L·△p L = pipe + elbow + tee + valve group + plate exchange assembly + server, that is, the equivalent length of the most unfavorable loop of one cycle; △p: Pipeline specific friction resistance, the head of the primary circulation pump is greater than △P; S4. Calculate the flow and head of the secondary circulation pump. The calculation process is the same as that of the primary circulation pump. The difference is that L = pipeline + elbow + valve group + plate exchange assembly + heating terminal, that is, the equivalent length of the most unfavorable loop of the secondary circulation; S5. Plate exchanger assembly selection. The power of the plate exchanger assembly is consistent with the power of multiple servers, or slightly equal to the power of multiple servers. Then, the plate exchanger assembly is selected based on the primary supply and return water temperature difference and the secondary supply and return water temperature difference, and the heat exchange area is calculated. S6. The selection of pipelines, pipe fittings and valve groups is determined by rounding up the flow rates of the primary and secondary circulation pipelines, selecting economical friction resistance pipelines, and using square tubes for risers. This can achieve more efficient use of space while keeping the friction resistance close. Pipe fittings and valve groups should be of the same pipe diameter.

8. A control method for an integrated server cabinet capable of recovering waste heat, characterized in that: Including switchable primary return water temperature control mode, waste heat utilization mode control mode and climate compensation automatic control mode; The method of primary return water temperature control is as follows: Set the primary return water target temperature TT91; adjust the opening and speed of V001 and G01 / G02 through the PID algorithm module; make TT01 catch up with TT91; The control method of waste heat utilization mode is as follows: Set the primary return water target temperature TT91 and the secondary return water target temperature TT92; compare TT92 with TT11 to determine whether waste heat utilization is needed; adjust the opening and speed of V001 and G01 / G02 through the PID algorithm module; make TT01 catch up with TT91; return to the first step and readjust after a period of stability; The method of secondary temperature control, that is, the method of climate compensation automatic control is as follows: Calculate the secondary return water target temperature TT94 according to the outdoor temperature TT21; adjust the frequency of P02 through the PID algorithm module; make TT11 chase TT94; terminal temperature control; set the indoor target temperature TT96; adjust the frequency of P02 through the PID algorithm module; make TT22 chase TT96; control the heating circulation water temperature; set the heating return water target temperature TT92; adjust the frequency of P02 through the PID algorithm module; make TT11 chase TT92.

9. The control method of the integrated server cabinet capable of waste heat recovery according to claim 8 is characterized in that: The control method of the waste heat utilization mode is as follows: 1) Manually set a primary target temperature value TT91 with a tolerance of ±2°C. The value and range are required to be displayed on the setting screen. Manually set a secondary target temperature value TT92 with a tolerance of ±2°C. The value and range are required to be displayed on the setting screen. 2) Compare the values ​​of TT11 and TT92. If TT11 ≥ TT92, execute 3); if TT11 < TT92, execute 5); 3) The dry cooler passage of the electric three-way regulating valve V001 is 100%, the plate exchange assembly passage is 0%, the values ​​of TT91 and TT01 are compared, and the frequency of G01 / G02 is adjusted through the PID algorithm module to make TT01 infinitely close to TT91; 4) The set time interval time02 will start timing time02 when the heat supply balance is reached. After the timing ends, the system will automatically return to 2 for readjustment. The readjusted time interval requirements are displayed on the setting screen; 5) The dry cooler passage of the electric three-way regulating valve V001 is 0%, and the plate exchange component passage is 100%; 6) Compare the values ​​of TT01 and TT91. If TT01>TT91, execute 7); if TT01<TT91, execute 8); if TT01=TT91, execute 9); 7) The dry cooler passage increases slowly, and the plate exchange assembly passage decreases slowly. When the plate exchange assembly passage opening is ≤20%, the dry cooler fan G01 / G02 adjusts the speed slowly through the PID algorithm module until the effect of TT01=TT91 in step 9 is achieved; 8) The dry cooler fan G01 / G02 is regulated to slowly reduce its speed through the PID algorithm module. When the dry cooler fan stops, the dry cooler passage is slowly reduced, and the plate exchange component passage is slowly increased until the effect of TT01=TT91 in step 9 is achieved; 9) The electric valve V001 maintains the current opening and G01 / 02 maintains the current speed; 10) The set time interval time02 will start timing time02 when the heat supply balance is reached. After the timing ends, the system will automatically return to 2) for readjustment. The readjusted time interval requirements are displayed on the setting screen; 11) There are two setting parameters on the PLC panel, namely the adjustment time time01 for each movement of the three-way valve and the adjustment opening OP01 for each movement. The upper limit is set to 30 seconds and 10% opening to prevent misoperation.

10. The new application of the integrated server cabinet capable of waste heat recovery and utilization as described in claims 1-7 is characterized in that: Applicable to multiple places that require heat sources, including but not limited to the following: Heating: apartments, villas, shopping malls, restaurants, office buildings, stadiums, theaters, factories, warehouses, agricultural greenhouses, fresh air preheating and any other areas with heating needs; Hot water: domestic hot water, swimming pool heating, fish pond heating, to meet the daily water needs; Others: Drying, high temperature sterilization, and steam generator preheating that require heat.

Images