Improved high-speed efficient extruder

Abstract

The improved high-speed efficient extruder comprises a rack, a base is arranged at the lower end of the rack, and a machine head, a machine barrel, a material guide barrel, a mold head, a filtering honeycomb plate, a stainless steel filter, a pressing ring, a screw rod, a gear box, a coupler and a motor are sequentially arranged on the rack from left to right. The screw rod is scientific in principle and simple in structure, the butt joint centrality and the sealing effect of all parts are improved by changing the shape of the head of the screw rod, improving a cooling channel in the screw rod, improving the structure of the filtering honeycomb plate and changing the position of the pressing ring, the pressing ring is taken out and leftover materials are cleaned more conveniently and rapidly during maintenance, and the service life of the screw rod is prolonged. The problems that a material at the head of the screw is not easy to extrude out of the filtering honeycomb plate and is aged and the material is easily adhered to the screw due to high temperature of a material spiral extrusion section and insufficient cooling capacity of cooling water are effectively solved, meanwhile, the structural strength of the filtering honeycomb plate is improved, the filtering area is increased, the passing efficiency of the material is improved, and the quality of the filtered material is also greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of PVC calendering film production, and in particular relates to an improved high-speed and high-efficiency extruder. Background Art

[0002] The extruder used in the production of PVC calendered film artificial leather has the functions of evenly keeping the material warm and filtering impurities. The traditional extruder generally includes a die head, a screw, a filter honeycomb plate, a fuselage, a die head, a frame, a base, a transmission reducer, a motor, a coupling, a rotary joint, a cooling water pipe and a heating part. There are two die heads, one for use and one for backup. The traditional extruder has the following defects or shortcomings in the actual production process: 1) The right end face of the pressure ring on the right side of the filter honeycomb plate in the die head is pressed against the left end face of the guide barrel in the die head under the locking action of the oblique iron of the die head, forming an end face seal to prevent the molten material from leaking out along the contact surface between the pressure ring and the guide barrel. Because the sealing surface is inside the die head (the left end of the guide barrel does not extend out of the left end of the die head, and the pressure ring is inside the die head), it is not easy to check whether the sealing surface is good or not. Moreover, once there is leakage on the sealing surface, the pressure ring is easily stuck to the inside of the die head by the leaked material, which increases the workload of removing the pressure ring and cleaning the scraps leaked into the annular step groove in the die head.

[0003] 2) The tip of the screw head coincides with the center line, that is, the tip of the head is not eccentric, so the extruded material is easy to wrap around the tip of the head and rotate at this position, and the material is difficult to get out of the filter honeycomb filter plate, which will cause the friction of the material in contact with the tip of the head to increase, generate too much heat and age. The older the material is, the softer it is, and the less material can be discharged, which is a vicious cycle.

[0004] 3) When PVC calendered film is produced, the melting temperature is close to the decomposition temperature. In recent years, with the increase in calendering speed, the output of the extruder has to be increased, which causes the screw speed to increase. As the screw speed increases, the polymer material is easily degraded and aged under the dual effects of high temperature and high shear, which directly affects the quality of the film. Therefore, the cooling of the extruder, especially the cooling of the screw axis, is particularly important. The water holes set inside the traditional screw have a small aperture and are consistent from front to back, which cannot meet the demand for a large amount of cooling water in the screw extrusion section near the tip due to a large amount of shear heat.

[0005] 4) Hundreds of conical discharge holes are opened on the filter plate body of the honeycomb filter plate. If the size, taper and distribution density of the discharge holes are not designed properly, the filtering effect will be directly affected. Because the discharge holes are distributed linearly on the filter plate body, the dead angle of filtration (the area between holes on the surface of the filter plate body) is linear and flake-shaped, especially the outer circle is easy to retain coke material in this area, which is easy to retain and produce coke material, affecting product quality. In addition, because the extruder outputs a large thrust of PVC molten material on the filter plate body, the filter plate body is 40-50mm thick, and the discharge hole diameter is 8-10mm. The PVC molten material passes through hundreds of slender discharge holes. The resistance is very large, requiring the filter plate body to have a large mechanical strength, otherwise the filter plate body will be deformed, the discharge hole will be out of roundness and deformed, and the material will be more difficult to extrude, especially the outer circle two to three circles, the discharge is particularly unfavorable, the material will be carbonized if it stays in the discharge hole for a long time, and if the carbonized material stays in the discharge hole, it will produce resistance to the discharge, and the discharge into the calender will affect the product quality. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an improved high-speed and high-efficiency extruder in which molten material can more easily pass through a filtering honeycomb plate, the cooling effect of the screw end head is good, the filtering dead angle area is small, and the filtering honeycomb plate has high structural strength, and a pressure ring is arranged inside a die head, and the butt surface between the right end face of the pressure ring and the left end face of a material guide barrel in the die head is located outside the die head, so that the pressure ring is easier to take out and the molten material is easier to clean when opening and closing the die head.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: an improved high-speed and high-efficiency extruder, comprising a frame, a base is provided at the lower end of the frame, a machine head, a barrel, a screw, a gear box, a coupling and a motor are arranged on the frame from left to right in sequence, the motor is connected to the input shaft of the gear box through a coupling, a die head is connected to the front and rear sides of the machine head through hinges respectively, a guide barrel coaxially docked with the barrel is provided inside the machine head, the rear end face of the die head is buckled on the left end face of the guide barrel, the screw is coaxially installed in the barrel, a lower hopper is provided on the top right side of the barrel, the screw is sequentially divided into a rotating installation section, a spline transmission section, a threaded sealing section, a material spiral conveying section, a material spiral extrusion section and a pointed plugging section from right to left, the rotating installation section extends into the gear box, and the outer spline of the spline transmission section is connected to the inner spline of the gear box. The internal spline of the inner circle of the output gear is meshed for transmission cooperation, the threaded sealing section, the material spiral conveying section and the material spiral extrusion section are coaxially arranged in the barrel, and the pointed plugging section is located in the material guide barrel; the inside of the die head is provided with a conical extrusion chamber which is small on the left and large on the right, and a heat transfer oil heating chamber located outside the outer circle of the extrusion chamber, an extrusion hole is provided at the left end of the extrusion chamber, and a circular installation chamber is provided at the right end of the extrusion chamber; the circular installation chamber is sequentially installed with a filter honeycomb plate, a filter screen and a pressure ring from left to right, the right outer circle of the filter honeycomb plate and the left end of the pressure ring are crimped with a stop structure, the circumferential edge of the filter screen is crimped in the stop structure, the right end face of the pressure ring protrudes from the right side face of the die head, the tip of the pointed plugging section and the right side face of the filter screen have a gap in the axial direction, the left end ring face of the material guide barrel protrudes from the left end face of the machine head, and the right end ring face of the pressure ring is correspondingly crimped with the left end ring face of the material guide barrel.

[0008] A cooling channel is opened inside the pointed sealing section and the material spiral extrusion section along the center line direction, and a return water channel is opened inside the rotating installation section, the spline transmission section, the threaded sealing section and the material spiral conveying section along the center line direction. The diameter of the cooling channel is larger than the diameter of the return water channel. The right port of the cooling channel and the left port of the return water channel are connected through a tapered hole with a larger left hole and a smaller right hole. A cooling water inlet pipe is coaxially arranged in the cooling channel and the return water channel.

[0009] A spiral water return groove is provided in the inner circle of the cooling channel along the axial direction, and the spiral direction of the spiral water return groove is opposite to the spiral direction of the spiral extrusion section of the material.

[0010] The tip of the left side of the pointed sealing section is eccentrically set, and an external threaded sleeve is integrally provided at the right end of the pointed sealing section. The inner circle of the left port of the material spiral extrusion section is provided with an internal threaded section with a diameter larger than that of the cooling channel. The external threaded sleeve extends into and is threadedly connected to the internal threaded section. The annular connecting seam formed by the right end of the pointed sealing section and the left end of the material spiral extrusion section is beveled and welded as a whole.

[0011] The wall thickness of the left end face of the pointed sealing section is uniform.

[0012] The inner diameter of the pressing ring is larger than that of the material guide tube. The pressing ring is composed of two semicircular rings with the same structure. The circumferential surface of the stop structure is a conical surface with a small left side and a large right side.

[0013] The filter honeycomb plate includes a filter plate body that is generally disc-shaped, and a plurality of left and right transparent discharge holes are opened on the filter plate body. The center line of one discharge hole coincides with the center line of the filter plate body, and the centers of the other discharge holes are evenly arranged on a plurality of concentric circles with the center of the filter plate body as the center.

[0014] All the discharge holes are conical holes with a small right end and a large left end. The filter plate body is a plane structure on one side of the right end of the discharge hole, and is a spherical structure with a raised middle part on one side of the left end of the discharge hole.

[0015] The inlet diameter of all discharge holes is 8mm, the taper of the discharge holes on the two outermost concentric circles is 1:30, and the taper of the other discharge holes is 1:50.

[0016] The left side of the die head is provided with guide wheels above and below the extrusion hole, respectively, and the top of the die head is provided with a temperature gauge for monitoring the temperature of the heat transfer oil heating cavity.

[0017] With the above technical solution, the tip of the pointed plugging section has a gap with the right side of the filter honeycomb plate in the axial direction and is eccentrically arranged in the radial direction. The right end of the cooling water inlet pipe extends out of the right end of the screw (gear box) and is connected to a rotary joint. High-pressure cooling water is supplied to the cooling water inlet pipe through the rotary joint. The left port of the cooling water inlet pipe injects cooling water into the pointed plugging section and directly impacts the inner wall of the eccentric tip of the pointed plugging section to cool the pointed plugging section. The cooling water moves to the right in the cooling channel and also cools the spiral extrusion section of the material. Since the inner circle of the cooling channel is provided with a spiral return water groove in the opposite direction of the spiral extrusion section of the material along the axial direction, the cooling water rotates and moves to the right along the spiral return water groove, and the return water is easier and smoother. After cooling the spiral extrusion section of the material, the cooling water transitions to the return water channel through the tapered hole and is discharged from the extruder to the right.

[0018] On the extruder head connected by hinge rotation at the front or rear side of the die head, when the die head and the die head are buckled, the right end face of the pressure ring is sealed against the left end face of the guide barrel protruding from the left end of the die head. The inner diameter of the pressure ring is slightly larger than the inner diameter of the guide barrel, so that even if the pressure ring and the guide barrel have a slight non-concentric deviation, the pressure ring will not block the movement of the material from right to left, thereby avoiding the formation of a dead angle for filtration. In addition, when the die head is opened, due to the viscosity of the molten material, the pressure ring and the filter honeycomb plate are bonded together, so that the pressure ring and the die head are separated from the guide barrel together, and it is more convenient and quick to remove the pressure ring on the die head. The pressure ring and the guide barrel are sealed by flat crimping, and the annular sealing surface is outside the die head, and the molten material bonded here is also easy to clean.

[0019] The screw adopts a split structure, that is, the pointed sealing section is processed separately. After the integrated external threaded sleeve at the right end of the pointed sealing section is threadedly connected to the left port of the material spiral extrusion section, the annular connecting seam formed by the right end of the pointed sealing section and the left end of the material spiral extrusion section is beveled and welded together, and finally the annular weld is polished and chrome-plated.

[0020] The tip of the left side of the pointed plugging section is eccentrically arranged. When the screw rotates, the eccentric pointed plugging section exerts a certain axial force on the material at the center of the right side of the filter honeycomb plate, making it easier to squeeze the material out of the filter honeycomb plate to the left.

[0021] The diameter of the cooling channel in the screw is increased, the amount of cooling water is large, and the wall of the screw in the cooling channel is thin, which can achieve strong cooling and improve the cooling effect, thereby reducing the temperature of the material in the spiral extrusion section of the material.

[0022] The spiral water return groove arranged on the inner wall of the cooling channel has a rotation direction opposite to the spiral direction of the outer circle of the screw, which is conducive to the smooth discharge of cooling water inside the cooling channel to the right, and can also make the material passing through the outer circle of the cooling channel cooler more evenly.

[0023] The wall thickness of the left end face of the pointed plugging section is uniform, so that when cooling water is sprayed onto the inner wall of the pointed plugging section, the temperature of the molten material transmitted to the outside through the wall thickness of the left end face of the pointed plugging section remains basically consistent, ensuring that the molten material will not degrade and age due to over-temperature.

[0024] After working for a long time, the inside of the cooling channel is prone to scaling. During maintenance, the cooling water inlet pipe can be drawn out, and a long rod with a crushing head at the end can be used to extend into the cooling channel for descaling.

[0025] The discharge hole arrangement structure of the filter honeycomb plate is more uniform and compact, and the spacing between adjacent discharge holes is smaller, which increases the passing area of ​​the filter plate body, makes the discharge smoother, and greatly increases the discharge volume under the same filtration pressure. At the same time, due to the reduction of dead corner area, the carbonization of the material is also reduced or even avoided.

[0026] The raised spherical structure in the middle of the filter plate body makes the middle thick and the edge thin, which improves the mechanical strength. The filter plate body does not deform, ensuring that the slender discharge hole maintains good permeability.

[0027] The taper of the discharge holes on the two outermost concentric circles is 1:30. This structure of the discharge holes makes the outlet diameter larger, so that the material passes through the discharge holes in the two outermost circles more quickly, thereby improving the filtration efficiency and avoiding carbonization of the material.

[0028] Since the number of discharge holes opened on the filter plate body with equal diameter increases, the edge thickness is reduced and the middle thickness is increased, the weight of the entire filter plate body is reduced, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost.

[0029] In summary, the present invention has a scientific principle and a simple structure. By changing the shape of the screw head, improving the cooling channel inside the screw, improving the structure of the filter honeycomb plate, and scientifically arranging the position of the pressure ring sealing surface, the centrality and sealing effect of the docking between the components are improved. It is more convenient and quick to remove the pressure ring and clean up the scraps when replacing the filter screen. It effectively solves the problem that the material at the screw head is not easy to be squeezed out of the filter honeycomb plate and aged, and the material is easy to age and stick to the screw due to the high temperature of the spiral extrusion section of the material and the insufficient cooling capacity of the cooling water. At the same time, the structural strength of the filter honeycomb plate is improved, the filtering area is increased, the material passing efficiency is improved, and the quality of the filtered material is also greatly improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the present invention installed on an extruder; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The enlarged view of point I in the middle; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the axial cross-sectional structure of the die head; Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Structural schematic diagram of the middle screw and cooling water inlet pipe; Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A magnified view of the middle tip occlusion segment; Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the processing and manufacturing process of the inner groove of the middle tip plugging section; Figure 7 yes Figure 2 and Figure 3 A magnified image of the medium filtration honeycomb plate; Figure 8 yes Figure 7 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the plane distribution of the discharge holes of the filter honeycomb plate; Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the arc-shaped distribution of the center line of the discharge holes; Fig.11 It is a structural diagram of the pressure ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0032] like Figure 1-Figure 11As shown, an improved high-speed and high-efficiency extruder of the present invention includes a frame 32, a base 33 is provided at the lower end of the frame 32, and a head 31, a barrel 29, a screw 30, a gear box 34, a coupling 35 and a motor 36 are arranged on the frame 32 from left to right. The motor 36 is connected to the input shaft of the gear box 34 through the coupling 35. The front and rear sides of the head 31 are respectively connected to a die head 14 through hinges. The head 31 is provided with a coaxial shaft with the barrel 29. The rear end face of the die head 14 is buckled on the left end face of the material guide barrel 28. A lower hopper 37 is provided on the right top of the barrel 29. The screw 30 is coaxially installed in the barrel 29. The screw 30 is composed of a rotating installation section 1, a spline transmission section 2, a thread sealing section 3, a material spiral conveying section 4, a material spiral extrusion section 5 and a pointed plugging section 6 from right to left. The rotating installation section 1 extends into the gear box 34. The outer spline of the spline transmission section 2 is connected to the transmission section in the gear box 34. The inner spline of the inner circle of the gear meshes with the transmission, the thread sealing section 3, the material spiral conveying section 4 and the material spiral extrusion section 5 are coaxially arranged in the barrel 29, and the pointed plugging section 6 is located in the guide barrel 28; the die head 14 is provided with a conical extrusion chamber 15 with a small left and a large right, and a heat transfer oil heating chamber 16 located outside the outer circle of the extrusion chamber 15, an extrusion hole 17 is provided at the left end of the extrusion chamber 15, and a circular installation chamber is provided at the right end of the extrusion chamber 15; the circular installation chamber is provided with a plurality of holes 17, 18 and 19; the plurality of holes 17 are provided in the ... A filter honeycomb plate 18, a filter screen 19 and a pressure ring 20 are installed at the same time. The right outer circle of the filter honeycomb plate 18 and the left end of the pressure ring 20 are crimped with a stop structure. The circumferential edge of the filter screen 19 is crimped in the stop structure. The right end face of the pressure ring 20 protrudes from the right side face of the mold head 14 body. There is an axial gap between the tip of the pointed sealing section 6 and the right side face of the filter screen 19. The left end annular surface of the guide barrel 28 protrudes from the left end face of the machine head 31, and the right end annular surface of the pressure ring 20 is crimped correspondingly with the left end annular surface of the guide barrel 28.

[0033] A cooling channel 7 is opened inside the pointed sealing section 6 and the material spiral extrusion section 5 along the center line direction, and a return water channel 8 is opened inside the rotating installation section 1, the spline transmission section 2, the threaded sealing section 3 and the material spiral conveying section 4 along the center line direction. The diameter of the cooling channel 7 is larger than the diameter of the return water channel 8. The right end of the cooling channel 7 and the left end of the return water channel 8 are connected through a conical hole 9 with a larger left hole and a smaller right hole. A cooling water inlet pipe 10 is coaxially arranged in the cooling channel 7 and the return water channel 8.

[0034] A spiral water return groove 11 is provided in the inner circle of the cooling channel 7 along the axial direction, and the spiral direction of the spiral water return groove 11 is opposite to the spiral direction of the material spiral extrusion section 5 .

[0035] The tip 12 on the left side of the pointed sealing section 6 is eccentrically arranged, and an external threaded sleeve 13 is integrally provided at the right end of the pointed sealing section 6. An internal threaded section with a diameter greater than that of the cooling channel 7 is provided at the inner circle of the left port of the material spiral extrusion section 5. The external threaded sleeve 13 extends into and is threadedly connected to the internal threaded section. The annular connecting seam formed by the right end of the pointed sealing section 6 and the left end of the material spiral extrusion section 5 is beveled and welded as a whole.

[0036] The wall thickness of the left end face of the pointed sealing section 6 is uniform, the circumferential surface of the stop structure 66 is a conical surface 67 that is smaller on the left and larger on the right, and the pressure ring 20 is composed of two semicircular rings 68 with the same structure.

[0037] The inner diameter of the pressure ring 20 is smaller than the inner diameter of the material guide cylinder 28 .

[0038] The filter honeycomb plate 18 includes a filter plate body 21 that is in the shape of a disk as a whole. The filter plate body 21 is provided with a plurality of left and right transparent discharge holes 22. The center line of one discharge hole 22 coincides with the center line of the filter plate body 21, and the centers of the other discharge holes 22 are evenly arranged on a plurality of concentric circles with the center of the filter plate body 21 as the center. The center lines of the discharge holes 22 on the concentric circles extending outward from the center of the filter plate body 21 are distributed in an arc shape (e.g. Fig. 9 and Fig.10 The arc line in 27).

[0039] All discharge holes 22 are conical holes 9 with a small right end and a large left end. The filter plate body 21 has a plane structure 24 on one side of the right end of the discharge hole 22 and a spherical structure 23 with a raised middle part on one side of the left end of the discharge hole 22.

[0040] The inlet diameters of all the discharge holes 22 are 8 mm, the tapers of the discharge holes 22 on the two outermost concentric circles are both 1:30, and the tapers of the other discharge holes 22 are all 1:50.

[0041] A guide wheel 25 is provided on the left side of the die head 14 body above and below the extrusion hole 17 , and a temperature gauge 26 for monitoring the temperature of the heat transfer oil heating chamber 16 is provided on the top of the die head 14 body.

[0042] The tip 12 of the pointed plugging section 6 has a gap with the right side of the filter honeycomb plate 18 in the axial direction and is eccentrically arranged in the radial direction. The right end of the cooling water inlet pipe 10 extends out of the right end of the screw 30 (gear box 34) and is connected to a rotary joint. High-pressure cooling water is supplied to the cooling water inlet pipe 10 through the rotary joint. The left port of the cooling water inlet pipe 10 injects cooling water into the pointed plugging section 6 and directly impacts the inner wall of the eccentric tip 12 of the pointed plugging section 6 to cool the pointed plugging section 6. The cooling water moves to the right in the cooling channel 7 and also cools the material spiral extrusion section 5. Since the inner circle of the cooling channel 7 is provided with a spiral return water groove 11 in the opposite direction of the spiral direction of the material spiral extrusion section 5 along the axial direction, the cooling water rotates and moves to the right along the spiral return water groove 11, and the return water is easier and smoother. After cooling the material spiral extrusion section 5, the cooling water transitions to the return water channel 8 through the conical hole 9 and is discharged from the extruder to the right.

[0043] On the die head 31 of the extruder connected by hinge rotation at the front or rear side of the die head 14, when the die head 14 is buckled with the die head 31, the right end face of the pressure ring 20 is butted and sealed with the left end face of the guide tube 28 protruding from the left end of the die head 31. The inner diameter of the pressure ring 20 is slightly larger than the inner diameter of the guide tube 28, so that even if the pressure ring 20 and the guide tube 28 have a slight non-concentric deviation, the pressure ring 20 will not block the movement of the material from right to left, thereby avoiding the generation of a filtering dead angle. In addition, when the die head 14 is opened, due to the viscosity of the molten material, the pressure ring 20 and the filter honeycomb plate 18 are bonded as one, so that the pressure ring 20 and the die head 14 are separated from the guide tube 28 together, and it is more convenient and quick to remove the pressure ring 20 from the die head 14. The pressure ring 20 and the guide tube 28 are sealed by a plane crimping, and the annular sealing surface is outside the die head 31, and the molten material bonded here is also convenient to clean.

[0044] The screw 30 is made of a split structure, that is, the pointed sealing section 6 is processed separately, and after the integrated external threaded sleeve 13 at the right end of the pointed sealing section 6 is threadedly connected to the left port of the material spiral extrusion section 5, the annular connecting seam formed by the right end of the pointed sealing section 6 and the left end of the material spiral extrusion section 5 is beveled and welded together, and finally the annular weld is polished and chrome-plated.

[0045] The tip 12 on the left side of the pointed sealing section 6 is eccentrically arranged. When the screw 30 rotates, the eccentric pointed sealing section 6 applies a certain axial force to the material at the center of the right side of the filter honeycomb plate 18, making it easier to squeeze the material out of the filter honeycomb plate 18 to the left.

[0046] The diameter of the cooling channel 7 in the screw 30 is increased, the amount of cooling water is large, and the wall of the screw 30 at the cooling channel 7 is thin, which can achieve strong cooling and improve the cooling effect, thereby reducing the temperature of the material at the material spiral extrusion section 5.

[0047] The spiral water return groove 11 arranged on the inner wall of the cooling channel 7 has a spiral direction opposite to the spiral direction of the outer circle of the screw 30, which is conducive to the smooth discharge of cooling water inside the cooling channel 7 to the right, and can also make the material passing through the outer circle of the cooling channel 7 cool more evenly.

[0048] The wall thickness of the left end face of the pointed plugging section 6 is uniform, so that when the cooling water is sprayed onto the inner wall of the pointed plugging section 6, the temperature of the molten material transmitted to the outside through the wall thickness of the left end face of the pointed plugging section 6 is basically consistent. Figure 5 As shown, in process A, a conventional drill bit having a diameter equal to the diameter of the cooling channel 7 is first used for drilling, and then in process B, a flat-bottom drill bit having a diameter equal to the radius of the cooling channel 7 is used to drill the tip 12 portion on the left side of the adjacent pointed plugging section 6, and finally in process C, a conventional drill bit having a diameter equal to the radius of the cooling channel 7 is used to drill the tip 12 portion on the left side of the adjacent pointed plugging section 6 along the drilling trajectory of process B, so that the wall thickness of the left end face of the pointed plugging section 6 is basically consistent.

[0049] After working for a long time, the inside of the cooling channel 7 is prone to scaling. During maintenance, the cooling water inlet pipe 10 can be drawn out, and a long rod with a crushing head at the end can be used to extend into the cooling channel 7 for descaling.

[0050] First, the two semicircular rings 68 of the pressure ring 20 are respectively sleeved on the right stop structure 66 of the filter honeycomb plate 18 along the radial direction, and then the pressure ring 20 and the filter honeycomb plate 18 are easily installed into the inner hole of the mold head 14, which is more convenient for installation. After the filter honeycomb plate 18 and the pressure ring 20 are installed in the inner hole of the die head 14, since the right side of the pressure ring 20 is outside the die head 14, the pressure ring 20 tends to move to the right under the action of its own gravity, and a small gap is generated between the left end face of the pressure ring 20 and the vertical surface of the stop structure 66 of the filter honeycomb plate 18. At the same time, the outer diameters of the two semicircular rings 68 are radially enlarged by the conical stop surface of the filter honeycomb plate 18 with a smaller left and a larger right, so as to be consistent with the inner hole of the die head 14, and the outer circle of the pressure ring 20 is restricted from expanding by the inner hole of the die head 14. At the same time, since the circumferential surface of the stop structure 66 is a conical surface with a smaller left and a larger right, it is ensured that the pressure ring 20 is hooked by the conical stop of the filter honeycomb plate 18 and will not automatically fall off from the inner hole of the die head 14 to the right. When replacing the filter screen 19, it is necessary to remove the filter honeycomb plate 18, the filter screen 19 and the pressure ring 20 from the die head 14. The removal operation is as follows: first knock the pressure ring 20 to move it to the left, and the outer circle of the pressure ring 20 is separated from the inner circle of the die head 14. Then use a long rod to pass through the extrusion hole at the left end of the die head 14 and extend it into the extrusion cavity to press the filter honeycomb plate 18 to the right. In this way, the filter honeycomb plate 18, the filter screen 19 and the pressure ring 20 are pressed out of the inner hole of the die head 14.

[0051] The arrangement structure of the discharge holes 22 of the filter honeycomb plate 18 is more uniform and compact, and the spacing between adjacent discharge holes 22 is smaller, which increases the passing area of ​​the filter plate body 21, makes the discharge smoother, and greatly improves the discharge volume under the same filtering pressure. At the same time, due to the reduction of dead corner area, carbonization of materials is also reduced or even avoided.

[0052] The raised spherical structure 23 in the middle of the filter plate body 21 makes the middle thick and the edge thin, thereby improving the mechanical strength. The filter plate body 21 does not deform, ensuring that the elongated discharge hole 22 maintains good permeability.

[0053] The tapers of the discharge holes 22 on the two outermost concentric circles are both 1:30. This structure of the discharge holes 22 makes the outlet diameter larger, so that the material passes through the two outermost circles of discharge holes 22 more quickly, thereby improving the filtration efficiency and avoiding carbonization of the material.

[0054] Since the number of discharge holes 22 opened on the filter plate body 21 of equal diameter increases, the edge thickness is reduced and the middle thickness is increased, the weight of the entire filter plate body 21 is reduced, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost.

[0055] The above embodiments illustrate the basic principles and features of the present invention, but the above only illustrates the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not limited to the embodiments. Under the inspiration of this patent, a person skilled in the art can make many forms of deformation and improvement without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention and the claims, which are all within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the patent and protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. An improved high-speed and high-efficiency extruder, comprising a frame, a base is provided at the lower end of the frame, a machine head, a barrel, a screw, a gear box, a coupling and a motor are arranged on the frame from left to right in sequence, the motor is connected to the input shaft of the gear box through the coupling, a die head is connected to the front and rear sides of the machine head through hinges, a guide barrel coaxially connected to the barrel is arranged inside the machine head, the rear end face of the die head is buckled on the left end face of the guide barrel, the screw is coaxially installed in the barrel, a lower hopper is arranged on the top right side of the barrel, and the screw is provided with a rotating installation section, a spline transmission section, The thread sealing section, material spiral conveying section, material spiral extrusion section and pointed plugging section, the rotating installation section extends into the gear box, the external spline of the spline transmission section meshes with the internal spline of the inner circle of the output gear in the gear box, the thread sealing section, the material spiral conveying section and the material spiral extrusion section are coaxially arranged in the barrel, and the pointed plugging section is located in the material guide barrel; the die head is provided with an extrusion cavity with a small left and a large right conical shape and a heat transfer oil heating cavity located outside the outer circle of the extrusion cavity, an extrusion hole is provided at the left end of the extrusion cavity, and a circular installation chamber is provided at the right end of the extrusion cavity; the characteristics are: A filter honeycomb plate, a filter screen and a pressure ring are installed in the circular installation chamber from left to right. The right outer circle of the filter honeycomb plate and the left end of the pressure ring are crimped with a stop structure, the circumferential edge of the filter screen is crimped in the stop structure, the right end face of the pressure ring protrudes out of the right side face of the mold head, and there is an axial gap between the tip of the pointed sealing section and the right side face of the filter screen. The left end ring face of the guide barrel protrudes out of the left end face of the machine head, and the right end ring face of the pressure ring is crimped correspondingly with the left end ring face of the guide barrel.

2. An improved high-speed and high-efficiency extruder according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cooling channel is opened inside the pointed sealing section and the material spiral extrusion section along the center line direction, and a return water channel is opened inside the rotating installation section, the spline transmission section, the threaded sealing section and the material spiral conveying section along the center line direction. The diameter of the cooling channel is larger than the diameter of the return water channel. The right port of the cooling channel and the left port of the return water channel are connected through a tapered hole with a larger left hole and a smaller right hole. A cooling water inlet pipe is coaxially arranged in the cooling channel and the return water channel.

3. An improved high-speed and high-efficiency extruder according to claim 2, characterized in that: A spiral water return groove is provided in the inner circle of the cooling channel along the axial direction, and the spiral direction of the spiral water return groove is opposite to the spiral direction of the spiral extrusion section of the material.

4. An improved high-speed and high-efficiency extruder according to claim 2, characterized in that: The tip of the left side of the pointed sealing section is eccentrically set, and an external threaded sleeve is integrally provided at the right end of the pointed sealing section. The inner circle of the left port of the material spiral extrusion section is provided with an internal threaded section with a diameter larger than that of the cooling channel. The external threaded sleeve extends into and is threadedly connected to the internal threaded section. The annular connecting seam formed by the right end of the pointed sealing section and the left end of the material spiral extrusion section is beveled and welded as a whole.

5. An improved high-speed and high-efficiency extruder according to claim 2, characterized in that: The wall thickness of the left end face of the pointed sealing section is uniform.

6. An improved high-speed and high-efficiency extruder according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the pressing ring is larger than that of the material guide tube. The pressing ring is composed of two semicircular rings with the same structure. The circumferential surface of the stop structure is a conical surface with a small left side and a large right side.

7. An improved high-speed and high-efficiency extruder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter honeycomb plate includes a filter plate body that is generally disc-shaped, and a plurality of left and right transparent discharge holes are opened on the filter plate body. The center line of one discharge hole coincides with the center line of the filter plate body, and the centers of the other discharge holes are evenly arranged on a plurality of concentric circles with the center of the filter plate body as the center.

8. An improved high-speed and high-efficiency extruder according to claim 7, characterized in that: All the discharge holes are conical holes with a small right end and a large left end. The filter plate body is a plane structure on one side of the right end of the discharge hole, and is a spherical structure with a raised middle part on one side of the left end of the discharge hole.

9. An improved high-speed and high-efficiency extruder according to claim 8, characterized in that: The inlet diameter of all discharge holes is 8mm, the taper of the discharge holes on the two outermost concentric circles is 1:30, and the taper of the other discharge holes is 1:

50.

10. An improved high-speed and high-efficiency extruder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left side of the die head is provided with guide wheels above and below the extrusion hole, respectively, and the top of the die head is provided with a temperature gauge for monitoring the temperature of the heat transfer oil heating cavity.

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