Ship waste heat recovery ventilation system and ship

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of ship ventilation, and discloses a ship waste heat recovery ventilation system and a ship, the ship waste heat recovery ventilation system comprises a fresh air system and a waste heat recovery system, the fresh air system is used for introducing fresh air of the external environment into a cabin, and the waste heat recovery system comprises a waste gas air heater and a waste gas boiler; a heating flow channel and a heat exchange flow channel are arranged in the waste gas air heater, the air inlet end of the heating flow channel communicates with a smoke outlet of the waste gas boiler, the air outlet end of the heating flow channel communicates with the external environment, the air inlet end of the heat exchange flow channel communicates with the interior of the cabin, and the air outlet end of the heat exchange flow channel selectively communicates with a fresh air system or the external environment. Air in the heat exchange flow channel is heated by waste heat generated by combustion of waste gas through the waste gas air heater, so that the heated air flows back into the cabin through the fresh air system to achieve the cyclic heating effect, the energy utilization rate is high, extra energy does not need to be consumed, and energy consumption is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ship ventilation, and in particular to a ship waste heat recovery ventilation system and a ship. Background Art

[0002] The ambient air temperature in polar regions is generally low in winter (for example, -40°C), and all kinds of mechanical equipment in the ship's engine room must work normally under suitable ambient temperatures. Generally, the normal working temperature of mechanical equipment is required to be above 5°C.

[0003] In order to ensure the normal operation of mechanical equipment in the cabin under the extremely low external ambient temperature in the polar regions, steam / hot oil / electric heaters and other equipment are usually installed on the main ventilation ducts to heat the extremely low temperature air entering the cabin from the outside environment, thereby raising its temperature and keeping the temperature inside the cabin at 5°C or above.

[0004] However, installing steam / hot oil / electric heaters and other equipment on the ventilation ducts as heating sources for engine room ventilation requires additional energy supply for normal use, which greatly increases the energy consumption of the ship when regulating the temperature in the engine room, leading to increased ship operating costs. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a ship waste heat recovery ventilation system and a ship, which have low energy consumption and low ship operation cost.

[0006] To achieve this object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] In one aspect, a ship waste heat recovery ventilation system is provided, the ship waste heat recovery ventilation system comprising:

[0008] A fresh air system, which is used to introduce fresh air from the external environment into the cabin;

[0009] A waste heat recovery system, the waste heat recovery system includes an exhaust gas air heater and an exhaust gas boiler, the exhaust gas air heater is provided with mutually independent heating flow channels and heat exchange flow channels, the air inlet end of the heating flow channel is connected to the flue gas outlet of the exhaust gas boiler, the air outlet end of the heating flow channel is connected to the external environment, the air inlet end of the heat exchange flow channel is connected to the interior of the cabin, and the air outlet end of the heat exchange flow channel can be selectively connected to the fresh air system or to the external environment.

[0010] Optionally, the waste heat recovery system also includes a ventilation chamber, a circulating air damper and ventilation louvers, the air outlet end of the heat exchange channel is connected to the ventilation chamber, the circulating air damper is used to control the connection between the ventilation chamber and the fresh air system, and the ventilation louvers are used to control the connection between the ventilation chamber and the external environment.

[0011] Optionally, the waste heat recovery system also includes an exhaust pipe, the exhaust gas air heater includes a heater body, a first docking flange and a second docking flange, the heating flow channel and the heat exchange flow channel are both arranged in the heater body, the first docking flange is arranged at the air inlet end of the heating flow channel and is connected to the flue gas outlet of the exhaust gas boiler, the second docking flange is arranged at the air outlet end of the heating flow channel and is connected to the exhaust pipe, and the exhaust pipe is used to connect the external environment and the air outlet end of the heating flow channel.

[0012] Optionally, a plurality of heat exchange channels are disposed at intervals in the heater body.

[0013] Optionally, the waste heat recovery system further comprises a flexible air duct, one end of the flexible air duct is communicated with the ventilation cavity, and the other end of the flexible air duct is communicated with the air outlet end of the heat exchange channel.

[0014] Optionally, the ship waste heat recovery ventilation system includes a plurality of independent fresh air systems, and the air outlet end of the heat exchange flow channel can be selectively connected to the external environment or the fresh air system adjacent thereto.

[0015] Optionally, the fresh air system includes fresh air shutters, a cabin fan, a cabin supply air duct and exhaust shutters, the fresh air shutters and the exhaust shutters are both arranged on the hull, and are used to connect the interior of the cabin with the external environment, the cabin fan is arranged at the entrance of the cabin supply air duct, and is used to introduce the fresh air entering through the fresh air shutters into the cabin supply air duct, and the cabin supply air duct is used to introduce the fresh air into the cabin.

[0016] Optionally, the fresh air system further includes a plurality of independently controlled fresh air shutters.

[0017] Optionally, the fresh air system further includes a plurality of independently controlled exhaust louvers.

[0018] On the other hand, a ship is provided, comprising the ship waste heat recovery ventilation system as described in any one of the above items.

[0019] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0020] The present invention provides a ship waste heat recovery ventilation system, which is provided with an exhaust gas air heater having independent heating flow channels and heat exchange flow channels inside, and the heating flow channels are connected to the smoke outlet of the exhaust gas boiler, so that the exhaust gas air heater can maximize the use of waste heat generated by burning exhaust gas to heat the air in the heat exchange flow channel connected to the interior of the cabin, so that the heated air can flow back to the interior of the cabin through the fresh air system to achieve a circulating heating effect, and there is no need to set up an additional energy-consuming air heating device (such as: steam / hot oil / electric heater), so that it has a higher energy utilization rate, does not need to consume additional energy, and reduces energy consumption.

[0021] The present invention also provides a ship, which, by applying the above-mentioned ship waste heat recovery ventilation system, has lower energy consumption, thereby effectively reducing the cost of ship operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 This is a front view of the ship waste heat recovery ventilation system provided by the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 is a side view of the ship waste heat recovery ventilation system provided by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 is a front view of an exhaust gas air heater in a ship waste heat recovery ventilation system provided by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 is a side view of an exhaust gas air heater in a ship waste heat recovery ventilation system provided by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 It is a diagram of air flow in a normal state in the ship waste heat recovery ventilation system provided by the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 It is a circuit diagram of air flow in a heating state in a ship waste heat recovery ventilation system provided by the present invention.

[0028] In the figure:

[0029] 1. Fresh air system; 11. Fresh air shutters; 12. Cabin fan; 13. Cabin air supply duct; 14. Exhaust shutters;

[0030] 2. Waste heat recovery system; 21. Waste gas air heater; 211. Heating flow channel; 212. Heat exchange flow channel; 213. First docking flange; 214. Second docking flange; 215. Heater body; 22. Flexible air duct; 23. Ventilation cavity; 24. Circulating air damper; 25. Ventilation shutter; 26. Waste gas boiler; 27. Exhaust pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, rather than to limit the present invention. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only parts related to the present invention, rather than all structures, are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0032] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected", "connected", and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0033] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or may include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" and "above" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" and "below" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0034] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "right", etc., directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of description and simplification of operation, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish in the description and have no special meaning.

[0035] The ambient air temperature in polar regions is generally low in winter (for example, -40°C), and all kinds of mechanical equipment in the ship's engine room must work normally under suitable ambient temperatures. Generally, the normal working temperature of mechanical equipment is required to be above 5°C.

[0036] In order to ensure the normal operation of mechanical equipment in the cabin under the extremely low external ambient temperature in the polar regions, steam / hot oil / electric heaters and other equipment are usually installed on the main ventilation ducts to heat the extremely low temperature air entering the cabin from the outside environment, thereby raising its temperature and keeping the temperature inside the cabin at 5°C or above.

[0037] However, installing steam / hot oil / electric heaters and other equipment on the ventilation ducts as heating sources for engine room ventilation requires additional energy supply for normal use, which greatly increases the energy consumption of the ship when regulating the temperature in the engine room, leading to increased ship operating costs.

[0038] Therefore, in order to reduce energy consumption during ship operation and lower the cost of ship operation, this embodiment provides a ship waste heat recovery ventilation system.

[0039] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the ship waste heat recovery ventilation system includes a fresh air system 1 and a waste heat recovery system 2. The fresh air system 1 is used to introduce fresh air from the external environment into the cabin. The waste heat recovery system 2 includes an exhaust gas air heater 21 and an exhaust gas boiler 26. The exhaust gas air heater 21 is provided with a heating flow channel 211 and a heat exchange flow channel 212 which are independent of each other. The air inlet end of the heating flow channel 211 is connected to the flue gas outlet of the exhaust gas boiler 26, and the air outlet end of the heating flow channel 211 is connected to the external environment. The air inlet end of the heat exchange flow channel 212 is connected to the interior of the cabin, and the air outlet end of the heat exchange flow channel 212 can be selectively connected to the fresh air system 1 or to the external environment.

[0040] By setting up an exhaust gas air heater 21 with independent heating channels 211 and heat exchange channels 212 inside, and connecting the heating channels 211 with the flue gas outlet of the exhaust gas boiler 26, the exhaust gas air heater 21 makes the maximum use of the waste heat generated by the combustion of exhaust gas to heat the air in the heat exchange channel 212 connected to the interior of the cabin, so that the heated air flows back to the interior of the cabin through the fresh air system 1 to achieve the effect of circulating heating, and there is no need to set up an additional energy-consuming air heating device (such as steam / hot oil / electric heater), so that it has a higher energy utilization rate, and does not need to consume additional energy, thereby reducing energy consumption. Among them, the ship waste heat recovery ventilation system can be used on various types of ships. In this embodiment, the ship waste heat recovery ventilation system is mainly used on polar ships.

[0041] Optionally, the waste heat recovery system 2 also includes a ventilation chamber 23, a circulating air damper 24 and a ventilation louver 25. The air outlet end of the heat exchange channel 212 is connected to the ventilation chamber 23. The circulating air damper 24 is used to control the connection between the ventilation chamber 23 and the fresh air system 1. The ventilation louver 25 is used to control the connection between the ventilation chamber 23 and the external environment.

[0042] By arranging a circulation damper 24 and a ventilation shutter 25 on the ventilation chamber 23, the flow direction of the heated gas in the heat exchange channel 212 is controlled to achieve selective communication between the air outlet end of the heat exchange channel 212 and the external environment or the fresh air system 1.

[0043] In this embodiment, when the cabin needs to be heated, the ventilation shutter 25 is closed and the circulation damper 24 is opened, so that part of the cabin return air is heated in the exhaust air heater 21, enters the fresh air system 1 through the ventilation cavity 23 and the circulation damper 24, and is sent to various air supply points inside the cabin through the fresh air system 1, thereby realizing circulation heating inside the cabin. When the cabin does not need to be heated, the ventilation shutter 25 is opened and the circulation damper 24 is closed, so that the heated air is directly discharged to the external environment.

[0044] Optionally, the waste heat recovery system 2 further includes an exhaust pipe 27, the exhaust air heater 21 includes a heater body 215, a first docking flange 213 and a second docking flange 214, the heating flow channel 211 and the heat exchange flow channel 212 are both arranged in the heater body 215, the first docking flange 213 is arranged at the air inlet end of the heating flow channel 211, and is connected to the flue gas outlet of the exhaust gas boiler 26, the second docking flange 214 is arranged at the air outlet end of the heating flow channel 211, and is connected to the exhaust pipe 27, and the exhaust pipe 27 is used to connect the external environment and the air outlet end of the heating flow channel 211. By arranging the first docking flange 213 on the exhaust air heater 21, it is convenient to connect the heating flow channel 211 with the flue gas outlet of the exhaust gas boiler 26, and by arranging the second docking flange 214 on the exhaust air heater 21, it is convenient to connect the heating flow channel 211 with the exhaust pipe 27.

[0045] Optionally, a plurality of heat exchange channels 212 are provided in the heater body 215 at intervals. By providing a plurality of heat exchange channels 212 at intervals in the heater body 215, the contact area between the air and the heating channel 211 when the air flows in the heat exchange channel 212 is increased, thereby improving the heating efficiency and heating effect. The number, size and shape of the heat exchange channels 212 can be designed according to the actual environment. In this embodiment, six long strip heat exchange channels 212 are provided in the heater body 215.

[0046] Optionally, the waste heat recovery system 2 further includes a flexible air duct 22, one end of which is connected to the ventilation cavity 23, and the other end of which is connected to the air outlet of the heat exchange channel 212. The ventilation cavity 23 and the air outlet of the heat exchange channel 212 are connected by the flexible air duct 22, so that the flexible air duct 22 can be bent and adjusted by utilizing its flexibility, thereby facilitating the connection between the air outlet of the heat exchange channel 212 and the ventilation cavity 23, thereby reducing the difficulty of connecting the two.

[0047] Optionally, the ship waste heat recovery ventilation system includes multiple independent fresh air systems 1, and the air outlet of the heat exchange flow channel 212 can be selectively connected to the external environment or the adjacent fresh air system 1. By setting up multiple independent fresh air systems 1, the demand for combustion and cooling air inside the cabin is guaranteed. The capacity and number of the fresh air systems 1 can be calculated and determined based on the actual demand of the ship's tropical and winter working conditions.

[0048] Specifically, the fresh air system 1 includes a fresh air louver 11, a cabin fan 12, a cabin supply air duct 13 and an exhaust louver 14. The fresh air louver 11 and the exhaust air louver 14 are both arranged on the hull and are used to connect the interior of the cabin with the external environment. The cabin fan 12 is arranged at the entrance of the cabin supply air duct 13 and is used to introduce the fresh air entering through the fresh air louver 11 into the cabin supply air duct 13. The cabin supply air duct 13 is used to introduce fresh air into the cabin.

[0049] Optionally, the fresh air system 1 further comprises a plurality of independently controlled fresh air shutters 11. By providing a plurality of independently controlled fresh air shutters 11, the air volume balance of air circulation between the cabin interior and the external environment can be achieved by controlling the number of fresh air shutters 11 opened or closed.

[0050] Among them, the number and size of the above-mentioned fresh air louvers 11 are considered based on the basis of air volume distribution, and should be adjusted accordingly based on the ventilation heat balance calculation of the actual situation. Referring to this embodiment, two fresh air louvers 11 are provided in the fresh air system 1 connected to the air outlet of the heat exchange flow channel 212. When the outside temperature is suitable, the two fresh air louvers 11 are both in the open state. When the outside temperature is extremely low and the interior of the cabin needs to be heated, one fresh air louver 11 is in the open state and the other fresh air louver 11 is in the closed state, so that 50% of the air volume in the fresh air system 1 comes from the external environment, and the other 50% of the air volume comes from the cabin return air heated by the exhaust air heater 21.

[0051] Optionally, the fresh air system 1 further comprises a plurality of independently controlled exhaust louvers 14. By providing a plurality of independently controlled exhaust louvers 14, the air volume balance of the air circulation between the cabin interior and the external environment can be achieved by controlling the number of exhaust louvers 14 opened or closed.

[0052] In this embodiment, a ship is also provided, the ship comprising the above ship waste heat recovery ventilation system. By applying the above ship waste heat recovery ventilation system, the ship has lower energy consumption, thereby effectively reducing the cost of ship operation.

[0053] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, various obvious changes, readjustments and substitutions can be made without departing from the protection scope of the present invention. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. Ship waste heat recovery ventilation system, characterized in that: The ship waste heat recovery ventilation system comprises: A fresh air system (1), the fresh air system (1) is used to introduce fresh air from the external environment into the cabin; A waste heat recovery system (2), the waste heat recovery system (2) comprising an exhaust gas air heater (21) and an exhaust gas boiler (26), the exhaust gas air heater (21) being provided with a heating flow channel (211) and a heat exchange flow channel (212) which are independent of each other, the air inlet end of the heating flow channel (211) being connected to the smoke outlet of the exhaust gas boiler (26), the air outlet end of the heating flow channel (211) being connected to the external environment, the air inlet end of the heat exchange flow channel (212) being connected to the interior of the cabin, and the air outlet end of the heat exchange flow channel (212) being selectively connected to the fresh air system (1) or to the external environment.

2. The ship waste heat recovery ventilation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waste heat recovery system (2) further comprises a ventilation chamber (23), a circulation damper (24) and a ventilation louver (25); the air outlet end of the heat exchange flow channel (212) is connected to the ventilation chamber (23); the circulation damper (24) is used to control the connection and disconnection between the ventilation chamber (23) and the fresh air system (1); and the ventilation louver (25) is used to control the connection and disconnection between the ventilation chamber (23) and the external environment.

3. The ship waste heat recovery ventilation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waste heat recovery system (2) also includes an exhaust pipe (27), the exhaust air heater (21) includes a heater body (215), a first docking flange (213) and a second docking flange (214), the heating flow channel (211) and the heat exchange flow channel (212) are both arranged in the heater body (215), the first docking flange (213) is arranged at the air inlet end of the heating flow channel (211) and is connected to the flue gas outlet of the exhaust gas boiler (26), the second docking flange (214) is arranged at the air outlet end of the heating flow channel (211) and is connected to the exhaust pipe (27), and the exhaust pipe (27) is used to connect the external environment and the air outlet end of the heating flow channel (211).

4. The ship waste heat recovery ventilation system according to claim 3, characterized in that: A plurality of heat exchange channels (212) arranged at intervals are provided in the heater body (215).

5. The ship waste heat recovery ventilation system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The waste heat recovery system (2) further comprises a flexible air duct (22), one end of the flexible air duct (22) being connected to the ventilation cavity (23), and the other end of the flexible air duct (22) being connected to the air outlet end of the heat exchange flow channel (212).

6. The ship waste heat recovery ventilation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ship waste heat recovery ventilation system comprises a plurality of independent fresh air systems (1), and the air outlet end of the heat exchange flow channel (212) can be selectively connected to the external environment or the fresh air system (1) adjacent thereto.

7. The ship waste heat recovery ventilation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fresh air system (1) comprises a fresh air louver (11), a cabin fan (12), a cabin air supply duct (13) and an exhaust louver (14); the fresh air louver (11) and the exhaust louver (14) are both arranged on the hull and used to connect the interior of the cabin with the external environment; the cabin fan (12) is arranged at the entrance of the cabin air supply duct (13) and is used to introduce the fresh air entering through the fresh air louver (11) into the cabin air supply duct (13); the cabin air supply duct (13) is used to introduce the fresh air into the interior of the cabin.

8. The ship waste heat recovery ventilation system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The fresh air system (1) further comprises a plurality of independently controlled fresh air louvers (11).

9. The ship waste heat recovery ventilation system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The fresh air system (1) further comprises a plurality of independently controlled exhaust louvers (14).

10. A vessel, characterized in that The ship comprises a ship waste heat recovery ventilation system as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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