Jet internal combustion engine

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of internal combustion engines and discloses a jet internal combustion engine. A combustion chamber is formed at the lower end of the cylinder cover, a protective sleeve is inserted into the injection sleeve, an injector is inserted into the protective sleeve, a needle valve is arranged in the injector in a penetrating mode, the needle valve is arranged at the top of the combustion chamber, the protective sleeve is spliced with a second connecting piece through a first connecting piece, and the needle valve is wrapped with the first connecting piece. The second connecting piece is clamped between the injection sleeve and the injector, and the thermal conductivity of the first connecting piece is smaller than that of the second connecting piece; the problem that hydrogen of a gas ejector in an internal combustion engine is heated in advance in the prior art is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of internal combustion engines, and in particular to a jet internal combustion engine. Background Art

[0002] Hydrogen internal combustion engines are gaining more and more attention as a zero-carbon route. A gas injector sprays hydrogen into the combustion chamber inside the internal combustion engine. Due to the violent reaction of high-temperature combustion inside the combustion chamber, the temperature inside the combustion chamber is relatively high. The part of the gas injector used in the internal combustion engine that extends into the combustion chamber is heated by the heat generated by the above-mentioned high-temperature combustion. After the temperature of the gas injector rises, the hydrogen that has not been sprayed out from the gas injector will heat up beyond the standard temperature range. In this way, the hydrogen sprayed by the gas injector will encounter high temperature and will cause pre-ignition. The actual time of hydrogen ignition and explosion will be earlier than expected, which will cause detonation in the combustion chamber. Detonation is an abnormal working state of an internal combustion engine, usually due to a sudden non-persistent vibration of the internal combustion engine cylinder caused by abnormal ignition, and the user can clearly feel the abnormal noise and vibration of the internal combustion engine, which weakens the output power of the internal combustion engine, increases the temperature, increases fuel consumption, and causes certain damage to the internal combustion engine, which will also damage the internal combustion engine and shorten its life. Summary of the invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a jet internal combustion engine to solve the problem that the hydrogen in the gas injector of the internal combustion engine in the prior art will be heated in advance.

[0004] To achieve this object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: The present invention provides a jet internal combustion engine, including a cylinder head, an injection sleeve is installed on the upper side of the cylinder head, a combustion chamber is formed at the lower end of the cylinder head, a protective sleeve is inserted in the injection sleeve, an injector is inserted in the protective sleeve, a needle valve is passed through the injector, and the needle valve is placed on the top of the combustion chamber, the protective sleeve is spliced ​​by a first connecting member and a second connecting member, the first connecting member is wrapped around the outside of the needle valve, the second connecting member is clamped between the injection sleeve and the injector, and the thermal conductivity of the first connecting member is less than the thermal conductivity of the second connecting member.

[0005] Preferably, the protrusion of the protective sleeve forms a limiting surface, a lower cylindrical surface is formed on the lower side of the injector, the limiting surface abuts against the lower cylindrical surface, and the limiting surface and the lower cylindrical surface are interference fit.

[0006] Preferably, a lower bottom surface is vertically formed on the upper side of the lower cylindrical surface, an upper plane is formed on the protective cover, and the lower bottom surface abuts against the upper plane.

[0007] Preferably, the lower cylindrical surface, the inner wall surface of the protective sleeve, the limiting surface, the lower bottom surface and the upper plane form a first air chamber, and the first air chamber is separated from the combustion chamber by the limiting surface.

[0008] Preferably, the outer wall of the protective sleeve forms an outer wall surface, and a sealing ring is sleeved on the recessed side of the outer wall surface at the limit surface. A plug-in hole is formed in the cylinder cover, and the sealing ring abuts against the plug-in hole.

[0009] Preferably, a lower supporting surface is formed at the lower edge of the top of the protective sleeve, an inner end surface is formed in the injection sleeve, and the lower supporting surface is pressed onto the inner end surface.

[0010] Preferably, a lower hole surface is formed on the inner side of the injection sleeve, and the lower hole surface, the outer wall surface, the sealing ring, the lower support surface and the inner end surface form a second air chamber, and the second air chamber is separated from the combustion chamber by the sealing ring.

[0011] Preferably, the limiting portion is wavy.

[0012] Preferably, the first connecting member is made of stainless steel or alloy steel, and the second connecting member is made of copper or copper alloy.

[0013] Preferably, a first thread is formed at the lower end of the injection sleeve, and the injection sleeve is screwed into the mounting surface of the cylinder head.

[0014] Beneficial effect: During the operation of the jet internal combustion engine, the temperature in the combustion chamber will rise rapidly, and its heat will first be transferred to the first connecting piece. The first connecting piece has a low thermal conductivity, which can block part of the heat in the combustion chamber from being transferred to the protective cover, thereby reducing the heat received by the gas injector and reducing the occurrence of pre-ignition problems. After part of the heat is transferred to the protective cover, the second connecting piece has a high thermal conductivity, which can quickly conduct the heat on the first connecting piece, so that the first connecting piece can maintain a low temperature, avoiding the occurrence of hot spots on the first connecting piece, and enabling the first connecting piece to always block the heat in the combustion chamber for the gas injector, so that the temperature of the gas injector can be controlled within a reasonable range, reducing the occurrence of knock. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of the jet internal combustion engine of the present invention (with a first air chamber and a second air chamber);

[0016] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the jet internal combustion engine of the present invention (with only the first air chamber);

[0017] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the protective cover of the present invention (the limiting surface is convex toward the axis side of the protective cover);

[0018] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the protective cover of the present invention (the limiting surface is raised away from the axis of the protective cover);

[0019] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional view of the protective cover of the present invention (with a wavy limiting surface).

[0020] In the figure: 1. cylinder head; 2. injection sleeve; 3. injector; 4. needle valve; 5. protective sleeve; 6. sealing ring; 7. second air chamber; 8. combustion chamber; 9. first air chamber; 11. mounting surface; 12. plug-in hole; 13. second thread; 21. lower hole surface; 22. injection support surface; 23. first thread; 24. inner end surface; 31. lower sealing surface; 32. lower cylindrical surface; 33. lower bottom surface; 41. inclined surface; 52. connecting surface; 53. injection hole; 54. limiting surface; 55. outer wall surface; 56. inner wall surface; 57. upper plane surface; 58. lower support surface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, rather than to limit the present invention. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only parts related to the present invention, rather than all structures, are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0022] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected", "connected", and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0023] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or may include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" and "above" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" and "below" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0024] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "right", etc., directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of description and simplification of operation, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish in the description and have no special meaning.

[0025] Under the existing technology, there are also heat-conducting shields used in pre-combustion chamber internal combustion engines, but the high thermal conductivity of the shield causes the heat in the cylinder to be transferred to the cooling medium through the shield, which will increase energy loss and the burden on the heat dissipation system, causing the internal combustion engine to work under high load for a long time, or when safety is improved, it will cause the internal combustion engine to overheat. There is also a porous carbonized layer covering the surface of the porous insulation sleeve skeleton to prevent the heat of the high-temperature gas medium from transferring to the fuel injector, but the temperature of the insulation sleeve itself will produce hot spots due to the poor thermal conductivity of the porous material, which will increase the temperature and eventually cause the internal combustion engine to have pre-ignition. There is also a patent for an injector sleeve for delivering gaseous fuel into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine. Its function is to accommodate or partially accommodate the injector, form the gaseous fuel flowing out of the injector into a jet, and inject it into the combustion chamber, and has the function of adjusting the direction of the jet. The sleeve separates the injector from the combustion chamber. The disadvantage is that the cover and the barrel are an integrated structure, which cannot take into account the functions of heat insulation and heat conduction. The part of the sleeve that penetrates into the combustion chamber is prone to hot spots. The gaps between the injector sleeve and the cylinder head, and between the injector sleeve and the injector housing are filled with high-temperature combustion gas, which increases the possibility of hot spots in the injector sleeve, and thus may also cause detonation.

[0026] In order to solve the above problems, Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the present invention provides a jet internal combustion engine, which includes a cylinder head 1, an injection sleeve 2 is installed on the upper side of the cylinder head 1, a combustion chamber 8 is formed at the lower end of the cylinder head 1, a protective sleeve 5 is inserted in the injection sleeve 2, an injector 3 is inserted in the protective sleeve 5, a needle valve 4 is inserted in the injector 3, and the needle valve 4 is placed on the top of the combustion chamber 8. The protective sleeve 5 is spliced ​​by a first connecting member and a second connecting member, the first connecting member is wrapped around the outside of the needle valve 4, and the second connecting member is clamped between the injection sleeve 2 and the injector 3, and the thermal conductivity of the first connecting member is less than the thermal conductivity of the second connecting member.

[0027] In the present invention, a protective sleeve 5 is installed at the front end of the needle valve 4 of the injector 3, and the protective sleeve 5 extends into the combustion chamber 8 through the first connecting piece on the protective sleeve 5. The first connecting piece is provided with an injection hole 53. Hydrogen can be injected from the gap between the needle valve 4 and the injector 3. The injection amount of hydrogen can be controlled by the size of the gap formed between the inclined surface 41 formed on the needle valve 4 and the lower sealing surface 31 on the injector 3. The hydrogen enters the combustion chamber 8 through the injection hole 53 and explodes. A lot of heat is generated during the explosion. Since the thermal conductivity of the first connecting piece is low, it can block the combustion chamber 8. 8, the internal heat is then transferred to the injector 3, thereby preventing the hydrogen inside the injector 3 from being heated in advance and suppressing the occurrence of knock. However, part of the heat will still heat the first connecting piece. The first connecting piece is connected to the second connecting piece, and the second connecting piece can export the heat on the first connecting piece, thereby reducing the temperature of the first connecting piece. The second connecting piece can export the heat to the outside or dissipate it from the cylinder head 1, so that the first connecting piece can always maintain its heat insulation ability, reduce the temperature around the needle valve 4, and thereby reduce the amplitude of the increase in the temperature of the hydrogen in the injector 3.

[0028] It should be particularly noted that the first connecting member used in the present invention is made of stainless steel or alloy steel, and the second connecting member is made of copper or copper alloy. Copper has a high thermal conductivity and can quickly dissipate heat from the stainless steel or alloy steel, maintaining the low temperature state of the stainless steel or alloy steel, and enabling the first connecting member to be heat-insulated. At the same time, the first connecting member and the second connecting member of the present invention can also be replaced by other metal materials, and are not limited to the above two materials.

[0029] The first connecting member and the second connecting member are connected to each other to form a main body of the protective cover 5 . A connecting surface 52 is formed on the first connecting member and the second connecting member. The first connecting member and the second connecting member are connected to each other through the connecting surface 52 to form the protective cover 5 .

[0030] A limiting surface 54 is formed on the side protrusion of the protective cover 5 of the present invention, and a lower cylindrical surface 32 is formed on the lower side of the injector 3. The limiting surface 54 abuts against the lower cylindrical surface 32, and the limiting surface 54 and the lower cylindrical surface 32 have an interference fit. At this time, the protective cover 5 abuts against the lower cylindrical surface 32 of the injector 3 through the limiting surface 54 to achieve sealing, and prevents the high temperature inside the lower combustion chamber 8 from extending to the upper side. The limiting surface 54 is used to block the heat on the lower side, reduce the temperature received by the injector 3, prevent the hydrogen from being heated in advance, and reduce the probability of detonation.

[0031] The connecting surface 52 can be set higher than the limit surface 54, or lower than the limit surface 54, or within the height range where the limit surface 54 is located. It should be particularly noted that the position of the connecting surface 52 can be independently set according to different models of jet internal combustion engines, so that the protective cover 5 can be adapted to different models of injectors 3, and has greater versatility.

[0032] A lower bottom surface 33 is vertically formed on the upper side of the lower cylindrical surface 32. The front end of the injector 3 is stepped, and the lower bottom surface 33 is formed at the joint of the lower cylindrical surface 32. An upper plane 57 is formed on the protective sleeve 5, and the lower bottom surface 33 abuts against the upper plane 57. During the installation of the injector 3, the injector 3 will be inserted into the inside of the protective sleeve 5, and the heat inside the combustion chamber 8 is isolated by the protective sleeve 5. The lower bottom surface 33 and the upper plane 57 are sealed by the docking, so that heat is prevented from passing through the gap between the lower bottom surface 33 and the upper plane 57, so that the heat that the injector 3 can receive is reduced, and the occurrence of detonation is reduced.

[0033] The lower cylindrical surface 32, the inner wall surface 56 of the protective sleeve 5, the limiting surface 54, the lower bottom surface 33 and the upper plane 57 form a first air chamber 9, and the first air chamber 9 is separated from the combustion chamber 8 by the limiting surface 54. Through the mutual sealing between the lower cylindrical surface 32, the inner wall surface 56 of the protective sleeve 5, the limiting surface 54, the lower bottom surface 33 and the upper plane 57, the first air chamber 9 is formed between the injector 3 and the protective sleeve 5. The first air chamber 9 is a sealed space, and the first air chamber 9 has the ability to seal and insulate heat. The first air chamber 9 can suppress the speed of heat transfer upward, and at the same time reduce the contact area between the protective sleeve 5 and the combustion chamber 8, reduce the total heat that the protective sleeve 5 can receive, so that the second connecting piece can deheat the first connecting piece, so that the injector 3 can operate at a low temperature.

[0034] like Figure 2 As shown, the protective cover 5 of the present invention can be interference fit with the injection sleeve 2, so that the outer wall surface 55 is directly fitted with the lower hole surface 21 and the plug hole 12, so that the structure of the jet internal combustion engine of the present invention is more compact, and it can prevent the heat in the combustion chamber 8 from entering the gap between the outer wall surface 55 and the plug hole 12, block the heat in the combustion chamber 8, and provide the injector 3 with the ability to isolate heat, so that the hydrogen in the injector 3 will not be heated by the heat in the bottom combustion chamber 8, thereby reducing the probability of detonation.

[0035] like Figure 1As shown, an outer wall surface 55 is formed on the outer wall of the protective sleeve 5, and a sealing ring 6 is sleeved on the concave side of the outer wall surface 55 at the limit surface 54, the concave side faces the axis, and the sealing ring 6 is tied to the concave side. A plug hole 12 is formed in the cylinder head 1, and the sealing ring 6 abuts on the plug hole 12. It should be particularly noted that the position of the limit surface 54 can be freely adjusted along the axis of the injector 3, the sealing ring 6 on the limit surface 54 can abut against the cylinder head 1 and the lower hole surface 21, and the position of the sealing ring 6 can be freely adjusted according to different models of injectors 3 and protective sleeves 5, so that the protective sleeve 5 used in the present invention has a wider range of adaptation. A gap is formed between the outer avoidance surface and the lower hole surface 21 and the plug hole 12, so it is necessary to install a sealing ring 6 for sealing. The sealing ring 6 can prevent the heat in the combustion chamber 8 from moving upward, and the sealing ring 6 can reduce the area of ​​the heat in the combustion chamber 8 in contact with the protective sleeve 5, so that the area of ​​the protective sleeve 5 in contact with the combustion chamber 8 is only on the first connecting piece, so that the needle valve 4 can be insulated and protected only by the first connecting piece to avoid excessive temperature at the position of the needle valve 4, thereby appropriately reducing the temperature of the hydrogen, delaying the time of hydrogen explosion, making the time of hydrogen explosion within the set range, reducing the occurrence of knocking, and thus extending the service life of the jet internal combustion engine. At the same time, the sealing ring 6 has a certain heat insulation capacity, which can further reduce the amount of contact between the heat in the combustion chamber 8 and the injector 3, further reduce the temperature of the injection, and enable the hydrogen to explode within a suitable time.

[0036] A lower support surface 58 is formed at the lower edge of the top of the protective sleeve 5, and an inner end surface 24 is formed in the injection sleeve 2, and the lower support surface 58 is pressed against the inner end surface 24. On the one hand, the protective sleeve 5 is fixed by the lower support surface 58, and the installation position of the protective sleeve 5 is clarified. At the same time, the upper and lower support surfaces 58 of the protective sleeve 5 are in contact with the inner end surface 24 of the injection sleeve to avoid the appearance of a gap, so that the heat in the combustion chamber 8 can be suppressed, and the heat in the combustion chamber 8 is prevented from excessively contacting the injector 3, thereby reducing the temperature of the hydrogen before it is injected.

[0037] A lower hole surface 21 is formed on the inner side of the injection sleeve 2. The lower hole surface 21, the outer wall surface 55, the sealing ring 6, the lower support surface 58 and the inner end surface 24 form a second air chamber 7. The second air chamber 7 is separated from the combustion chamber 8 by the sealing ring 6. The second air chamber 7 is in an airtight state, and most of the heat generated by the bottom combustion chamber 8 is intercepted by the sealing ring 6 and cannot continue to move upward, so that the temperature in the second air chamber 7 will not be directly heated. At this time, the first air chamber 9 and the second air chamber 7 are respectively arranged on both sides of the second connecting piece. When the second connecting piece de-heats the first connecting piece, since the first air chamber 9 and the second air chamber 7 are in a closed state, they will not receive external heat, so that the second connecting piece will not be further heated, so that the second connecting piece can quickly export the heat on the first connecting piece, avoid the occurrence of hot spots on the first connecting piece, keep the hydrogen temperature inside the first connecting piece at a preset state, avoid the temperature inside the hydrogen being too high, and reduce the area where the explosion heat in the combustion chamber 8 contacts the protective sleeve 5.

[0038] like Figures 3 to 5 As shown, the upper limit surface 54 of the protective sleeve 5 of the present invention can be convex inward or outward, and the sealing ring 6 can be installed on the side of the depression along the direction of the limiting surface 54. At the same time, the limiting surface 54 of the present invention can also be wavy, so that the protective sleeve 5 can have multiple groups of contact points with the plug-in hole 12, the lower hole surface 21 and the lower cylindrical surface 32, and multiple sealing rings 6 are installed in the recessed area formed on each limiting surface 54, which can further prevent the heat in the combustion chamber 8 from diffusing to the upper side, and can also reduce the temperature of the hydrogen in the injector 3, avoid the occurrence of detonation, and extend the service life of the jet internal combustion engine.

[0039] A first thread 23 is formed at the lower end of the injection sleeve 2, and the injection sleeve 2 is screwed into the mounting surface 11 of the cylinder head 1. An injection support surface 22 is formed on the lower side of the injection sleeve 2. After the injection sleeve 2 is screwed into the second thread 13 inside the cylinder head 1 through the first thread 23, the support surface of the injection sleeve 2 abuts against the mounting surface 11 to fix the injection sleeve 2, so that the injector 3 and the protective sleeve 5 can be inserted into the injection sleeve 2. At the same time, the injection sleeve 2 can extract the heat in the combustion chamber 8 to prevent all the heat from being gathered in the injector 3, to prevent the temperature in the injector 3 from being overheated, and to control the temperature of the hydrogen itself before entering the combustion chamber 8 within a reasonable range.

[0040] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, various obvious changes, readjustments and substitutions can be made without departing from the protection scope of the present invention. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A jet internal combustion engine, It is characterized in that The invention comprises a cylinder head (1), an injection sleeve (2) is installed on the upper side of the cylinder head (1), a combustion chamber (8) is formed at the lower end of the cylinder head (1), a protective sleeve (5) is inserted into the injection sleeve (2), an injector (3) is inserted into the protective sleeve (5), a needle valve (4) is inserted into the injector (3), the needle valve (4) is placed on the top of the combustion chamber (8), the protective sleeve (5) is spliced ​​by a first connecting piece and a second connecting piece, the first connecting piece is wrapped around the outer side of the needle valve (4), the second connecting piece is clamped between the injection sleeve (2) and the injector (3), and the thermal conductivity of the first connecting piece is smaller than the thermal conductivity of the second connecting piece.

2. The jet internal combustion engine according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The protective sleeve (5) is raised to form a limiting surface (54), a lower cylindrical surface (32) is formed on the lower side of the injector (3), the limiting surface (54) abuts against the lower cylindrical surface (32), and the limiting surface (54) and the lower cylindrical surface (32) are interference fit.

3. The jet internal combustion engine according to claim 2, It is characterized in that A lower bottom surface (33) is vertically formed on the upper side of the lower cylindrical surface (32), an upper plane (57) is formed on the protective cover (5), and the lower bottom surface (33) abuts against the upper plane (57).

4. The jet internal combustion engine according to claim 3, It is characterized in that The lower cylindrical surface (32), the inner wall surface (56) of the protective sleeve (5), the limiting surface (54), the lower bottom surface (33) and the upper plane (57) form a first air chamber (9), and the first air chamber (9) and the combustion chamber (8) are separated by the limiting surface (54).

5. The jet internal combustion engine according to claim 2, It is characterized in that The outer wall of the protective sleeve (5) is formed with an outer wall surface (55), and a sealing ring (6) is sleeved on the recessed side of the outer wall surface (55) at the limiting surface (54). A plug-in hole (12) is formed in the cylinder cover (1), and the sealing ring (6) abuts against the plug-in hole (12).

6. The jet internal combustion engine according to claim 5, It is characterized in that A lower support surface (58) is formed at the lower edge of the top of the protective sleeve (5), an inner end surface (24) is formed inside the injection sleeve (2), and the lower support surface (58) is pressed onto the inner end surface (24).

7. The jet internal combustion engine according to claim 6, It is characterized in that A lower hole surface (21) is formed on the inner side of the injection sleeve (2); the lower hole surface (21), the outer wall surface (55), the sealing ring (6), the lower support surface (58) and the inner end surface (24) form a second air chamber (7); the second air chamber (7) is separated from the combustion chamber (8) by the sealing ring (6).

8. The jet internal combustion engine according to claim 2, It is characterized in that The limiting surface (54) is wavy.

9. The jet internal combustion engine according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The first connecting member is made of stainless steel or alloy steel, and the second connecting member is made of copper or copper alloy.

10. The jet internal combustion engine according to claim 1, It is characterized in that A first thread (23) is formed at the lower end of the injection sleeve (2), and the injection sleeve (2) is screwed into the mounting surface (11) of the cylinder head (1).

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