Dilution refrigerating machine, maintenance method thereof and quantum computer with dilution refrigerating machine

Abstract

The invention discloses a dilution refrigerator, a maintenance method thereof and a quantum computer with the dilution refrigerator. The dilution refrigerator is hoisted on a supporting frame; the dilution refrigerator comprises N cold plates and shielding barrels connected with the cold plates in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and N is larger than or equal to 2. The cold plates are connected with the shielding barrel to form temperature zones, the n temperature zone sleeves the (n + 1) temperature zone, n is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N-1, and two adjacent cold plates are connected; a rotating piece for enabling the cold disc and the shielding barrel to generate relative rotation is arranged between the cold disc and the shielding barrel; maintenance doors are arranged on all the shielding barrels, and the shielding barrels rotate to drive the maintenance doors to the maintenance positions. The rotating part is arranged on the cold disc, the shielding barrel is made to rotate on the rotating part through the driving mechanism, in the rotating process of the shielding barrel, the maintenance door is made to rotate to the position needing to be maintained, any position in the dilution refrigerator can be maintained under the conditions that the shielding barrel is not disassembled and the maintenance doors are arranged as few as possible, operation is convenient, and the maintenance efficiency is improved. And sealing is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of quantum computers, and in particular to a dilution refrigerator, a maintenance method thereof and a quantum computer having the same. Background Art

[0002] The main part of the superconducting quantum computer is the dilution refrigerator, which provides it with an extremely low temperature environment. The dilution refrigerator is generally composed of a normal temperature plate and a layered cold plate that decreases step by step. A shielding barrel of corresponding size is installed at the bottom of each cold plate to shield the external environmental magnetic field interference. The outermost layer of normal temperature shielding barrel is installed at the bottom of the normal temperature plate, which plays the role of magnetic shielding and vacuum sealing. At present, the cold plate of the dilution refrigerator of a small superconducting quantum computer is relatively small, and the diameter is mostly within one meter. The "plate" and "barrel" of each level are flanged and directly connected together with bolts. When it is necessary to replace or check the internal components or cables, the barrels must be removed layer by layer, but they are all manual operations and are very inefficient.

[0003] At the same time, as quantum computers develop towards larger bit numbers, high-power dilution refrigerators must also be developed. This will result in a significant increase in size. The direct result is that the diameter of the cold plate and the shielding barrel may increase to more than two meters, and the weight may reach several tons, which will bring great difficulties to the disassembly and assembly work. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention overcomes the deficiencies of the prior art and provides a dilution refrigerator, a maintenance method thereof and a quantum computer having the same.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a dilution refrigerator, which is hoisted on a support frame; the dilution refrigerator includes N cold plates and shielding barrels connected to the cold plates one by one, N≥2; the cold plates are connected to the shielding barrels to form temperature zones, the nth temperature zone is arranged outside the n+1th temperature zone, 1≤n≤N-1, and two adjacent cold plates are connected; a rotating part is arranged between the cold plate and the shielding barrel to enable the cold plate and the shielding barrel to rotate relative to each other; a maintenance door is arranged on all the shielding barrels, and the shielding barrels rotate to drive the maintenance door to the maintenance position.

[0006] To be more specific, the rotating member is connected to the cold plate via a connecting member, and the rotating member can move up and down along the connecting member; a clamping mechanism is provided on the support frame, and the clamping mechanism drives the rotating member to move upward until the shielding barrel contacts the cold plate; the clamping mechanism drives the rotating member to move downward until the shielding barrel is separated from the cold plate.

[0007] More specifically, a sealing ring is provided on the shield barrel; the clamping mechanism drives the rotating member to move upward until the sealing ring contacts the cold plate; and the clamping mechanism drives the rotating member to move downward until the sealing ring is separated from the cold plate.

[0008] More specifically, the sealing ring is provided with two rings.

[0009] More specifically, a maintenance door is provided on all shielding barrels.

[0010] More specifically, a synchronization member is provided on the shielding barrel, and the synchronization member connects all the shielding barrels, so that all the shielding barrels rotate synchronously.

[0011] More specifically, the driving mechanism includes a driven wheel disposed on the shield barrel, a driving wheel meshing with the driven wheel, and a driving motor driving the driving wheel to rotate.

[0012] More specifically, the clamping mechanism includes a clamping cylinder arranged on a support frame, a clamping rod arranged on the clamping cylinder, and a fixed fulcrum connected to the clamping rod, and the clamping rod can swing along the fixed fulcrum; one end of the clamping rod is connected to the clamping cylinder, and the other end is in contact with the shielding barrel, and the fixed fulcrum is arranged between the two end points.

[0013] More specifically, the rotating member is configured as a slewing bearing, the inner ring of the slewing bearing is connected to the cold plate via a connecting member, and the outer ring of the slewing bearing is connected to the shielding barrel.

[0014] A maintenance method for a dilution refrigerator is provided for the above-mentioned dilution refrigerator, comprising the steps of:

[0015] S1, determining the maintenance position of the dilution refrigerator according to the measurement result;

[0016] S2, driving the pressing mechanism to retract, and the shielding barrel slides downward until the sealing ring is separated from the cold plate;

[0017] S3, opening all maintenance doors step by step from outside to inside, and making the opening directions of all maintenance doors consistent;

[0018] S4, setting a synchronization member to connect all the shielding barrels;

[0019] S5, starting the driving mechanism, and the shielding barrel rotates;

[0020] S6, the maintenance door rotates to the maintenance position, the drive mechanism is closed, and the operator enters for maintenance;

[0021] S7, maintenance is completed, and the synchronous component is removed;

[0022] S8, closing the maintenance door step by step from the inside to the outside;

[0023] S9, driving the pressing mechanism to extend and the shielding barrel to move upward until the sealing ring contacts the cold plate, and the dilution refrigerator operates normally.

[0024] A quantum computer comprises any one of the dilution refrigerators described above.

[0025] The present invention solves the defects existing in the background technology and has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] A rotating part is arranged on the cold plate, and a shielding barrel is arranged on the rotating part, so that the shielding barrel and the cold plate rotate relative to each other, and the maintenance door on the shielding barrel is opened. During the rotation of the shielding barrel, the maintenance door is rotated to the position where maintenance is required. Maintenance can be performed at any position inside the dilution refrigerator without disassembling the shielding barrel and with as few maintenance doors as possible, which is not only convenient for operation but also can ensure the sealing effect inside the dilution refrigerator. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments;

[0028] Figure 1 The three-dimensional structure of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;

[0029] Figure 2 The three-dimensional structure of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 ;

[0030] Figure 3 The present invention Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention with all maintenance doors opened Figure 3 ;

[0032] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 The present invention Figure 5 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0034] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the normal temperature shielding barrel of the present invention when being squeezed by the pressing mechanism;

[0035] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the normal temperature shielding barrel of the present invention when the pressing mechanism is relaxed;

[0036] In the figure: 1. support frame; 2. dilution refrigerator; 21. normal temperature plate; 22. normal temperature shielding barrel; 221. maintenance door; 222. sealing ring; 23. primary cold plate; 24. primary shielding barrel; 25. secondary cold plate; 26. secondary shielding barrel; 27. tertiary cold plate; 28. tertiary shielding barrel; 29. ​​quaternary cold plate; 30. quaternary shielding barrel; 31. fifth cold plate; 32. fifth shielding barrel; 4. driving mechanism; 41. driving motor; 42. driving wheel; 43. driven wheel; 44. slewing bearing; 441. connecting piece; 5. clamping mechanism; 51. clamping cylinder; 52. clamping rod; 6. synchronous piece. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the implementation of the present invention clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention will be described in more detail below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiment of the present invention. In the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions. The described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings.

[0039] It should be understood that the drawings are only used to illustrate the present application.

[0040] The present invention will now be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. These drawings are simplified schematic diagrams that only illustrate the basic structure of the present invention in a schematic manner, and therefore only show the components related to the present invention.

[0041] A dilution refrigerator, such as Figure 1-Figure 8As shown, it includes N cold plates and shielding barrels connected to the cold plates in a one-to-one correspondence, N≥2; the specific number of the cold plates and shielding barrels is set according to the needs, but the number of cold plates is the same as the number of shielding barrels. The cold plates are connected to the shielding barrels to form a temperature zone, and the nth temperature zone is set outside the n+1th temperature zone, 1≤n≤N-1, specifically, the first temperature zone is set outside the second temperature zone, the second temperature zone is set outside the third temperature zone, and the third temperature zone is set outside the fourth temperature zone, and they are set according to the specific setting number, and two adjacent cold plates are connected by support columns.

[0042] In this solution, the cold plate includes a normal temperature plate 21 and at least one hierarchical cold plate; the shielding barrel includes a normal temperature shielding barrel 22 connected to the normal temperature plate 21 and hierarchical shielding barrels connected one-to-one with the hierarchical cold plates. More specifically, the cold plate includes a normal temperature plate 21, a first-level cold plate 23, a second-level cold plate 25, and a third-level cold plate 27. Of course, if more cold plates are needed, a fourth-level cold plate 29, a fifth-level cold plate 31, and a sixth-level cold plate can also be included. The shielding barrel includes a normal temperature shielding barrel 22, a first-level shielding barrel 24, a second-level shielding barrel 26, and a third-level shielding barrel 28. Of course, if more shielding barrels are needed, a fourth-level shielding barrel 30, a fifth-level shielding barrel 32, and a sixth-level shielding barrel can also be included. The shielding barrels are arranged one-to-one with the cold plates. In this scheme, the temperature zone formed after the normal temperature shielding barrel 22 is connected with the normal temperature plate 21 is the normal temperature zone, which is the outermost temperature zone of the entire dilution refrigerator 2; the first-level cold plate 23 is connected with the first-level shielding barrel 24 to form a first-level temperature zone, the normal temperature zone is set outside the first-level temperature zone, the first-level shielding barrel 24 does not contact the normal temperature plate 21 and the normal temperature shielding barrel 22, and the normal temperature plate 21 is connected to the first-level cold plate 23 through a support column; the second-level cold plate 25 is connected with the second-level shielding barrel 26 to form a second-level temperature zone, the first-level temperature zone is set outside the second-level temperature zone, the second-level shielding barrel 26 does not contact the first-level cold plate 23 and the first-level shielding barrel 24, and the first-level cold plate 23 is connected to the second-level cold plate 25 through a support column; each temperature zone is sequentially set inward as described above, and no further description is given. The temperature in the temperature zone formed on the dilution refrigerator 2 decreases step by step from the outside to the inside.

[0043] To ensure the subsequent operation and maintenance of the dilution refrigerator 2, the dilution refrigerator 2 is hoisted on the support frame 1, and the bottom surface of the dilution refrigerator 2 does not contact the ground; more specifically, the constant temperature plate 21 of the dilution refrigerator 2 is set on the support frame 1. A maintenance door 221 is set on the shielding barrel. Opening the maintenance door 221 can facilitate operators to enter the dilution refrigerator 2 and repair the position that needs maintenance. The maintenance door 221 does not interfere with the support frame 1 after opening.

[0044] A rotating member is provided on the surface of the normal temperature plate 21 close to the normal temperature shielding barrel 22, and the rotating member is connected to the normal temperature shielding barrel 22, and the rotating member enables the normal temperature plate 21 and the normal temperature shielding barrel 22 to rotate relative to each other; specifically, the rotating member is provided as a slewing bearing 44, the inner ring of the slewing bearing 44 is connected to the normal temperature plate 21, the outer ring of the slewing bearing 44 is connected to the normal temperature shielding barrel 22, and the normal temperature shielding barrel 22 follows the outer ring and rotates around the inner ring on the slewing bearing 44. The normal temperature shielding barrel 22 can be driven to rotate manually, or a driving mechanism 4 can be provided to drive the rotation. In order to better realize automation and reduce personnel operation, a driving mechanism 4 is provided in this solution to drive the normal temperature shielding barrel 22 to rotate.

[0045] The driving mechanism 4 includes a driven wheel 43 arranged on the normal temperature shielding barrel 22, a driving wheel 42 meshing with the driven wheel 43, and a driving motor 41 driving the driving wheel 42 to rotate. The driving motor 41 is arranged on the support frame 1, and a motor bracket is arranged on the support frame 1. The driving motor 41 is arranged on the motor bracket, and the driving wheel 42 is connected to the output shaft of the driving motor 41. The driven wheel 43 is arranged on the top outer peripheral surface of the normal temperature shielding barrel 22. The driving motor 41 is operated to start, and the driving motor 41 drives the driving wheel 42 to rotate, and the driving wheel 42 drives the driven wheel 43 to rotate, and the normal temperature shielding barrel 22 rotates on the slewing bearing 44 following the driven wheel 43. As the normal temperature shielding barrel 22 rotates, all maintenance doors 221 are driven to rotate to the maintenance position. At this time, the driving motor 41 is closed, the shielding barrel stops rotating, and the operator enters for maintenance.

[0046] When the dilution refrigerator 2 is working normally, the normal temperature shielding barrel 22 needs to ensure a good vacuum seal, and no gap can be left between the normal temperature shielding barrel 22 and the normal temperature plate 21. When the normal temperature shielding barrel 22 needs to rotate, friction will be generated between the normal temperature shielding barrel 22 and the normal temperature plate 21, affecting subsequent use. In order to seal and separate the normal temperature shielding barrel 22 from the normal temperature plate 21, a clamping mechanism 5 is provided on the support frame 1, and the clamping mechanism 5 drives the normal temperature shielding barrel 22 to move up and down. The clamping mechanism 5 drives the normal temperature shielding barrel 22 to move upward until the normal temperature shielding barrel 22 contacts the cold plate; the clamping mechanism 5 drives the normal temperature shielding barrel 22 to move downward until the normal temperature shielding barrel 22 is separated from the cold plate.

[0047] The clamping mechanism 5 includes a clamping rod 52 and a clamping cylinder 51 connected to the clamping rod 52. A cylinder bracket is provided on the support frame 1, and the clamping cylinder 51 is provided on the cylinder bracket to ensure balance; one end of the clamping rod 52 is connected to the clamping cylinder 51, and the other end is in contact with the normal temperature shielding barrel 22. A fixed fulcrum is provided on the support frame 1, and the clamping rod 52 is connected to the fixed fulcrum, and the clamping rod 52 can swing around the fixed fulcrum.

[0048] In order to further ensure good vacuum sealing of the normal temperature shielding barrel 22, no gap should be left between the normal temperature shielding barrel 22 and the normal temperature disk 21, so a sealing ring 222 is provided on the normal temperature shielding barrel 22 to ensure good sealing. In order to better ensure its sealing effect, the sealing ring 222 is provided with two circles. However, since the provision of the sealing ring 222 will increase the friction force and affect the rotation, and the long-term friction will cause the sealing ring 222 to wear, which has a very large impact on the sealing effect. When the normal temperature shielding barrel 22 rotates, the normal temperature disk 21 must also be fixed. Therefore, when it needs to rotate, the normal temperature shielding barrel 22 cannot contact the normal temperature disk 21. However, only when the dilution refrigerator 2 fails, the dilution refrigerator 2 will be shut down for maintenance. Therefore, when the normal temperature shielding barrel 22 rotates, the sealing problem of the dilution refrigerator 2 can be ignored. At this time, in order to ensure the rotation of the normal temperature shielding barrel 22, the sealing ring 222 does not contact the normal temperature disk 21.

[0049] In order to better operate whether the sealing ring 222 is in contact with the normal temperature disk 21, the inner ring of the slewing bearing 44 is connected to the normal temperature disk 21 through a connecting piece 441, and the outer ring is fixedly connected to the normal temperature shielding barrel 22, ensuring that the outer ring can drive the normal temperature shielding barrel 22 to rotate, and the connecting piece 441 locks the slewing bearing 44 on the normal temperature disk 21, but a gap is left between the inner ring of the slewing bearing 44 and the connecting piece 441, ensuring that the inner ring of the slewing bearing 44 can move up and down along the connecting piece 441, so as to ensure that the normal temperature shielding barrel 22 can be completely separated from the normal temperature disk 21, and can also form a seal with the normal temperature disk 21. In this solution, the connecting piece 441 is set as a guide bolt.

[0050] In order to ensure a greater pressing force on the normal temperature shielding barrel 22 and a better sealing effect, the pressing rod 52 is set as a T-shaped rod, and the T-shaped rod includes a connecting rod and an extrusion rod connected to the connecting rod at an angle, the connecting rod is connected to the pressing cylinder 51, and the extrusion rod is used to squeeze the normal temperature shielding barrel 22. In order to prevent wear on the normal temperature shielding barrel 22 and to increase the contact area between the extrusion rod and the normal temperature shielding barrel 22, the contact between the extrusion rod and the normal temperature shielding barrel 22 is rounded, which can make the extrusion force more uniform and the sealing more uniform.

[0051] When the dilution refrigerator 2 is working normally, the clamping cylinder 51 extends to the side close to the normal temperature shielding barrel 22, and the end of the clamping rod 52 connected to the clamping cylinder 51 moves to the side close to the normal temperature shielding barrel 22. Because the clamping rod 52 is connected to the fixed fulcrum, when the clamping cylinder 51 drives the clamping rod 52 to move, it will drive the clamping rod 52 to swing on the fixed fulcrum, so that the other end presses against the normal temperature shielding barrel 22 and moves to the side close to the normal temperature disk 21 until the normal temperature shielding barrel 22 contacts the normal temperature disk 21, squeezing the sealing ring 222. Complete sealing is achieved; when the dilution refrigerator 2 needs to be repaired, the clamping cylinder 51 is operated to be retracted toward the side close to the normal temperature disk 21, and the end of the clamping rod 52 connected to the clamping cylinder 51 moves toward the side close to the normal temperature disk 21, and the other end of the clamping rod 52 moves toward the end away from the normal temperature disk 21. Due to the dead weight of the normal temperature shielding barrel 22, the normal temperature shielding barrel 22 will move toward the side away from the normal temperature disk 21 until the normal temperature shielding barrel 22 is separated from the normal temperature disk 21, and the sealing ring 222 is no longer squeezed until it is no longer in contact with the normal temperature disk 21.

[0052] The number of the clamping mechanisms 5 can be set as required to ensure the clamping of the normal temperature shielding barrel 22 . In this solution, four clamping mechanisms 5 are set, and the four clamping mechanisms 5 are evenly arranged on the support frame 1 around the periphery of the dilution refrigerator 2 .

[0053] Except for the normal temperature shielding barrel 22 arranged in the outermost layer, the other shielding barrels do not require sealing. Therefore, the rotation of the other shielding barrels except the normal temperature shielding barrel 22 can only be provided with a rotating part, and the sealing ring 222 and the clamping mechanism 5 are no longer provided. Of course, the sealing ring 222 and the clamping mechanism 5 can also be provided. Whether to provide them is selected according to needs, but they are all within the protection scope of this solution. A slewing bearing 44 is arranged on the surface of the first-level cold plate 23 close to the first-level shielding barrel 24, the inner ring of the slewing bearing 44 is connected to the first-level cold plate 23, the outer ring of the slewing bearing 44 is connected to the first-level shielding barrel 24, and the first-level shielding barrel 24 can rotate along with the outer ring of the slewing bearing 44; a slewing bearing 44 is arranged on the surface of the second-level cold plate 25 close to the second-level shielding barrel 26, the inner ring of the slewing bearing 44 is connected to the second-level cold plate 25, the outer ring of the slewing bearing 44 is connected to the second-level shielding barrel 26, and the second-level shielding barrel 26 can rotate along with the outer ring of the slewing bearing 44; the connection method of the slewing bearings 44 arranged on other levels of cold plates is as described above and will not be repeated.

[0054] At present, the maintenance of the dilution refrigerator 2 is to remove the shielding barrel, but the operation is cumbersome, and if it is a large-scale dilution refrigerator 2, the shielding barrel is quite large and heavy, and frequent disassembly and assembly is very difficult and inefficient. Therefore, some operations are to open multiple maintenance doors 221 on the shielding barrel, but the increase in the number of maintenance doors 221 will lead to poor sealing effect. In this solution, a slewing bearing 44 is provided so that the shielding barrel can rotate, so only one maintenance door 221 is required on each shielding barrel, which can ensure the sealing to the greatest extent. The slewing bearing 44 and a maintenance door 221 are provided on each shielding barrel to ensure that the shielding barrel does not need to be removed again, and the maintenance door 221 of the shielding barrel is directly rotated to the position where maintenance is required. The operator can enter the corresponding position for maintenance by directly opening the maintenance door 221, which is convenient and fast, saving time and effort, and ensuring sealing at the same time.

[0055] Since only one driving mechanism 4 is provided on the support frame 1, and the openings of all maintenance doors 221 must be consistent in order for operators to enter for maintenance, a synchronization member 6 is provided on the threshold of the maintenance door 221 to ensure that all shield barrels rotate and that the openings of all maintenance doors 221 face the same direction. All shield barrels are connected to the synchronization member 6. When the normal temperature shield barrel 22 rotates, the connection of the synchronization member 6 will drive all shield barrels to rotate synchronously, and at the same time ensure that the openings of all maintenance doors 221 are consistent. In this solution, a connecting plate is provided on each shield barrel, and the synchronization member 6 is provided as a connecting rod connected to all connecting plates, and connecting bolts are provided at both ends of the connecting rod to connect the connecting rod to the connecting plate; the synchronization member 6 can also be provided as silicone rubber, and the silicone rubber is connected to all shield barrels. At this time, the synchronization member can be left intact to ensure the sealing of the shield barrel; of course, the synchronization member 6 can be provided as any structure that can connect all shield barrels, and no specific requirements are made. The shield barrel rotates slowly, and the maintenance door 221 will not swing at a large angle during the rotation. Of course, if you want to avoid the swing of the maintenance door 221, you can set a fixing mechanism. The maximum opening angle of the maintenance door 221 is 90°, which can better observe the internal situation of the dilution refrigerator 2 and facilitate maintenance personnel to enter for maintenance.

[0056] A maintenance method for a dilution refrigerator is performed on the dilution refrigerator 2, comprising the steps of:

[0057] S1, determining the maintenance position of the dilution refrigerator according to the measurement result;

[0058] S2, driving the pressing mechanism to retract, and the shielding barrel slides downward until the sealing ring is separated from the cold plate;

[0059] S3, opening all maintenance doors step by step from outside to inside, and making the opening directions of all maintenance doors consistent;

[0060] S4, setting a synchronization member to connect all the shielding barrels;

[0061] S5, starting the driving mechanism, and the shielding barrel rotates;

[0062] S6, the maintenance door rotates to the maintenance position, the driving mechanism stops, and the operator enters for maintenance;

[0063] S7, maintenance is completed, and the synchronous component is removed;

[0064] S8, closing the maintenance door step by step from the inside to the outside;

[0065] S9, driving the pressing mechanism to extend and the shielding barrel to move upward until the sealing ring contacts the cold plate, and the dilution refrigerator operates normally.

[0066] The specific maintenance process of the dilution refrigerator 2 is as follows:

[0067] The maintenance position is determined according to the measurement abnormality result. After the maintenance position is determined, the clamping cylinder 51 is operated to retract to the side close to the normal temperature disk 21, so that the other end of the clamping rod 52 releases the squeezing of the normal temperature shielding barrel 22, and the normal temperature shielding barrel 22 slides downward under gravity until the sealing ring 222 arranged on the normal temperature shielding barrel 22 is completely out of contact with the normal temperature disk 21, and then all the maintenance doors 221 are opened from the outside to the inside, and all the maintenance doors 221 are operated to have the same opening direction, and the synchronizer 6 is placed on the shielding barrel. All the shielding barrels are connected to the synchronizer 6, so that all the shielding barrels rotate synchronously, and then the drive motor 41 is started to make all the shielding barrels rotate synchronously until the maintenance door 221 rotates to the position where maintenance is required, the drive motor 41 stops running, the shielding barrel stops rotating, and the maintenance personnel enter for maintenance. If the maintenance position needs to be changed, the drive motor 41 is started again, rotates to the position where maintenance is required, stops, and repairs again. After the maintenance is completed, remove the synchronization part 6, close the maintenance door 221 from the inside to the outside in sequence, operate the clamping cylinder 51 to extend to the side away from the normal temperature disk 21, so that the other end of the clamping rod 52 contacts with the normal temperature shielding barrel 22, and gradually squeezes the normal temperature shielding barrel 22 to move the normal temperature shielding barrel 22 upward until the sealing ring 222 contacts with the normal temperature disk 21, the sealing ring 222 is squeezed to form a seal, and the dilution refrigerator 2 can start to work normally.

[0068] A quantum computer comprises any one of the dilution refrigerators 2 described above.

[0069] The present invention solves the defects existing in the background technology and has the following beneficial effects:

[0070] A rotating part is arranged on the cold plate, and a shielding barrel is arranged on the rotating part. The shielding barrel is rotated on the rotating part through a driving mechanism 4. A maintenance door 221 is provided on the shielding barrel. The maintenance door 221 on the shielding barrel is opened. During the rotation of the shielding barrel, the maintenance door 221 is rotated to a position where maintenance is required, so that the shielding barrels do not need to be disassembled one by one, which saves time and effort. Meanwhile, only one maintenance door 221 is arranged, and any position inside the dilution refrigerator 2 can be repaired, which is convenient for operation and can ensure the sealing effect inside the dilution refrigerator 2. Only one driving mechanism 4 is arranged to reduce the number of equipment settings. Meanwhile, a synchronization member 6 is arranged to ensure the synchronous rotation of all shielding barrels. A clamping mechanism 5 is arranged to ensure the sealing of the shielding barrel and the rotation of the shielding barrel.

[0071] The above is based on the ideal embodiment of the present invention. Through the above description, relevant personnel can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical concept of the present invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content in the specification, and the technical scope must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

[0072] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the technical concept of the present invention, a variety of simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0073] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention will not further describe various possible combinations.

[0074] In addition, various embodiments of the present invention may be arbitrarily combined, and as long as they do not violate the concept of the present invention, they should also be regarded as the contents disclosed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A dilution refrigerator, characterized in that: The dilution refrigerator (2) is hoisted on a support frame (1); the dilution refrigerator (2) comprises N cold plates and shielding barrels connected to the cold plates in a one-to-one correspondence, N≥2; after the cold plates are connected to the shielding barrels, temperature zones are formed inside them, the nth temperature zone is arranged outside the n+1th temperature zone, 1≤n≤N-1, and two adjacent cold plates are connected; a rotating part is arranged between the cold plates and the shielding barrels to enable the cold plates and the shielding barrels to rotate relative to each other; a maintenance door (221) is arranged on all the shielding barrels, and the shielding barrels rotate to drive the maintenance door (221) to a maintenance position.

2. The dilution refrigerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating member is connected to the cold plate via a connecting member (441), and the rotating member can move up and down along the connecting member (441); a clamping mechanism (5) is provided on the support frame (1), and the clamping mechanism (5) drives the rotating member to drive the shielding barrel to move upward until the shielding barrel contacts the cold plate; the clamping mechanism (5) drives the rotating member to drive the shielding barrel to move downward until the shielding barrel is separated from the cold plate.

3. The dilution refrigerator according to claim 2, characterized in that: A sealing ring (222) is arranged on the outermost shielding barrel, and when the shielding barrel contacts the cold plate, the sealing ring (222) realizes sealing.

4. The dilution refrigerator according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sealing ring (222) is provided with two rings.

5. The dilution refrigerator according to claim 3, characterized in that: A synchronization member (6) is provided on the shielding barrel, the synchronization member (6) connects all the shielding barrels, and the opening directions of all maintenance doors (221) are consistent.

6. The dilution refrigerator according to claim 5, characterized in that: A driving mechanism (4) for driving the cold plate and the shielding barrel to rotate relative to each other is arranged on the support frame (1).

7. The dilution refrigerator according to claim 6, characterized in that: The driving mechanism (4) comprises a driven wheel (43) arranged on the shield barrel, a driving wheel (42) meshing with the driven wheel (43), and a driving motor (41) driving the driving wheel (42) to rotate.

8. The dilution refrigerator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism (5) comprises a clamping cylinder (51) arranged on a support frame (1), a clamping rod (52) arranged on the clamping cylinder (51), and a fixed fulcrum connected to the clamping rod (52), and the clamping rod (52) can swing on the fixed fulcrum; one end of the clamping rod (52) is connected to the clamping cylinder (51), and the other end is in contact with the shielding barrel; the clamping cylinder (51) drives the clamping rod (52) to swing around the fixed fulcrum, thereby driving the shielding barrel to move up and down.

9. The dilution refrigerator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rotating member is configured as a slewing bearing (44), the inner ring of the slewing bearing (44) is connected to the cold plate via a connecting member (441), and the outer ring of the slewing bearing (44) is connected to the shielding barrel.

10. A method for maintaining a dilution refrigerator, characterized in that: The dilution refrigerator (2) according to claim 6 comprises the following steps: S1, determining the maintenance position of the dilution refrigerator (2) according to the measurement results; S2, driving the pressing mechanism (5) to retract, and the shielding barrel slides downward until the sealing ring (222) is separated from the cold plate; S3, opening all maintenance doors (221) step by step from the outside to the inside, and making the opening directions of all maintenance doors (221) consistent; S4, setting a synchronization member (6) to connect all the shielding barrels; S5, starting the driving mechanism (4), and the shielding barrel rotates; S6, the maintenance door (221) rotates to the maintenance position, the drive mechanism (4) is closed, and the operator enters for maintenance; S7, maintenance completed, removing the synchronous component (6); S8, closing the maintenance door (221) step by step from the inside to the outside; S9, driving the pressing mechanism (5) to extend and the shielding barrel to move upward until the sealing ring (222) contacts the cold plate, and the dilution refrigerator (2) operates normally.

11. A quantum computer, characterized in that: It comprises a dilution refrigerator (2) as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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