Automatic fertilization device for soil improvement

Abstract

The invention is suitable for the technical field of fertilizing devices, and provides an automatic fertilizing device for soil improvement, the automatic fertilizing device comprises a mounting vehicle, a soil loosening unit and a fertilizing unit, the soil loosening unit comprises a mounting roller, a soil loosening cutter and an arc-shaped plate, and the fertilizing unit comprises a fertilizer box and a valve plate; the arc-shaped plate is in driving connection with the valve plate through an adjusting mechanism, and the adjusting mechanism comprises a swing rod, a connecting rod, a second extension spring, a pneumatic telescopic rod, a plate body, a first extension spring and an organ airbag. The acting force of soil on the arc-shaped plate enables the arc-shaped plate to move relative to the soil loosening cutter, the worse the soil fertility is, the harder the soil is, more fertilizer is applied to the soil, the fertilizing amount can be automatically adjusted according to different soil fertility, and the fertilizer utilization rate is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of fertilization devices, and in particular relates to an automatic fertilization device for soil improvement. Background Art

[0002] Soil improvement refers to the use of theories and technologies from multiple disciplines such as soil science, biology, and ecology to eliminate or prevent adverse factors that affect crop growth and cause soil degradation, improve soil properties, increase soil fertility, and create good soil environmental conditions for crops. Soil improvement devices include tillers and fertilizer applicators, which increase soil permeability and water permeability through tilling, crushing, and loosening the soil; or by adding chemical fertilizers, organic materials, and improved materials, they can supplement soil nutrients and adjust soil chemical properties.

[0003] In the prior art, when improving soil properties and increasing soil fertility, the soil is generally loosened first and then fertilization is performed. Most of the existing fertilization devices manually adjust the amount of fertilizer each time and maintain this amount of fertilizer during the fertilization process. However, when operating on a large area, there are obvious differences in soil fertility and physical structure between different fields, slopes and terrains. The degree of soil degradation also directly affects the effect of fertilizer use, the growth environment of plant roots, and even crop yields. Soils with compact structures and low nutrient content also require a higher amount of fertilizer, and existing devices cannot automatically adjust the amount of fertilizer according to the soil structure during the fertilization process. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a soil improvement automatic fertilization device, aiming to solve the above problems.

[0005] The present invention is achieved in that a soil improvement automatic fertilization device comprises: Installation vehicle; A soil loosening unit and a fertilizing unit installed on the installation vehicle, wherein the fertilizing unit is located at the rear side of the soil loosening unit; The loosening unit comprises: A mounting roller that is rotatably arranged; A plurality of groups of ripper devices are fixed on the mounting roller at intervals in an annular direction, each group of ripper devices comprises a plurality of ripper knives arranged at intervals, the end surface of the ripper knives away from the mounting roller is an arc surface, and the center of the arc surface is located on the axis of the mounting roller; An arc plate is slidably mounted on the arc surface of at least one scarifier blade of each set of scarifiers; The fertilization unit comprises: A fertilizer box fixed on the installation vehicle, wherein a strip-shaped fertilizer outlet is provided at the bottom of the fertilizer box; A valve plate horizontally arranged in the strip-shaped fertilizer outlet; The arc plate is connected to the valve plate through an adjusting mechanism. In the initial state, the valve plate closes the strip fertilizer outlet. When working, the loosening knife enters the soil, and the force of the soil on the arc plate causes the arc plate to move relative to the loosening knife. The arc plate drives the valve plate to move through the adjusting mechanism to adjust the fertilizer output. The movement of the arc plate relative to the loosening knife is positively correlated with the fertilizer output.

[0006] Preferably, the adjustment mechanism comprises: A swing arm is arranged on one side of the fertilizer box, the middle part of the swing arm is hinged with the installation vehicle, the lower part of the swing arm is matched with a connecting rod, a pin is fixed on the connecting rod, and a movable groove for the pin to be inserted and moved is opened along its length direction at the lower part of the swing arm, the connecting rod is horizontally slidably connected with the installation vehicle and fixedly connected with the valve plate, a second tension spring is fixedly connected between the valve plate and the fertilizer box, and the force of the second tension spring on the valve plate is directed toward the side away from the swing arm; A pneumatic telescopic rod connected to the upper part of the swing rod, the pneumatic telescopic rod is horizontally arranged and installed on the installation vehicle, a pin is fixed to the telescopic end of the pneumatic telescopic rod, and a movable groove for the pin to be inserted and moved is opened along the length direction of the upper part of the swing rod, and the air inlet of the pneumatic telescopic rod is connected to an air pipe; A plate body is fixedly connected to one end of the arc-shaped plate, a first tension spring is fixedly connected between the plate body and the loosening knife, and the direction of the force exerted by the first tension spring on the plate body is the same as the rotation direction of the loosening knife; An accordion airbag is arranged on a side of the plate body away from the first tension spring, the accordion airbag is arranged in the installation roller, and the inner cavity of the accordion airbag is communicated with the air pipe.

[0007] Preferably, the pneumatic telescopic rod is fixedly mounted on the telescopic end of a vertically arranged electric push rod, and the electric push rod is fixed on the installation vehicle.

[0008] Preferably, an installation shaft is coaxially passed through the installation roller, and hydraulic rods are respectively provided at both ends of the installation shaft. The two ends of the installation shaft are rotatably connected with the telescopic ends of the two hydraulic rods respectively, and the hydraulic rods are vertically fixed on the installation vehicle. The telescopic end of one hydraulic rod is fixed with a first stepper motor for driving the installation shaft to rotate. The installation roller is slidingly connected to the installation shaft along its length direction, and reciprocating external threaded sleeves are respectively passed through both ends of the installation roller. The reciprocating external threaded sleeve is coaxially arranged with the installation roller and is sleeved on the installation shaft, and the telescopic end of the hydraulic rod at one end of the reciprocating external threaded sleeve is fixedly connected.

[0009] Preferably, the fertilization unit further comprises a dispersion component, and the dispersion component comprises: A fertilizer receiving plate provided below the strip-shaped fertilizer outlet; A driving mechanism is used to drive the fertilizer receiving plate to swing back and forth.

[0010] Preferably, the driving mechanism comprises: The two mounting rods are fixed to the front and rear ends of the fertilizer receiving plate, and the two mounting rods are rotatably connected to the front and rear side walls of the strip-shaped fertilizer outlet respectively; A mounting plate fixed on the mounting vehicle and located on a side of the mounting rod away from the fertilizer receiving plate, wherein a second stepping motor is fixed on the mounting plate; A rotating disk is fixed on the output shaft of the second stepper motor and is located between the mounting plate and the mounting rod. A pin is eccentrically fixed on the rotating disk, and a movable groove for the pin to be inserted and moved is opened on the adjacent mounting rod along its length direction.

[0011] Preferably, rotating fans are symmetrically installed at both ends of the fertilizer receiving plate, both ends of the rotating fan's shaft extend to the outside of the fertilizer receiving plate and are fixed with a second gear, and the mounting plate is provided with arc-shaped teeth meshing with the second gear, and the center of the arc-shaped teeth coincides with the rotation center of the mounting rod.

[0012] Preferably, the fertilizing unit further comprises a block breaking component for breaking up agglomerated fertilizers, and the block breaking component comprises: Two mesh plates are arranged between the two mounting rods, the mesh holes of the mesh plates are larger than the fertilizer particles, the two mesh plates are arranged in a V shape and the bottom ends are hinged to the mounting rods; Each mesh plate is provided with discs at both ends, and a pin is eccentrically fixed between the two discs. A movable slot for the pin to pass through and move is provided on the mesh plate. The discs are rotatably mounted on adjacent mounting rods, and the two discs on each mounting rod are symmetrically arranged. A driving rod is arranged in a movable groove on the mounting rod, the driving rod is hinged with a pin shaft on the rotating disk, the driving rod is located between the two disks, and the driving rod is meshed with the two disks.

[0013] Preferably, a water spray unit is installed on the installation vehicle at the rear side of the fertilization unit, and the water spray unit includes: A water tank fixed to the installation vehicle; A water pump is arranged in the water tank, the water outlet pipe of the water pump is connected with a soft water pipe, the soft water pipe is connected with a longitudinally arranged hard water pipe fixedly arranged under the installation vehicle, and a plurality of nozzles are installed at intervals at the lower part of the hard water pipe.

[0014] Preferably, the water spray unit further comprises: A cylinder shell fixed on the mounting vehicle; The eccentric roller installed in the cylinder shell is rotated, and the soft water pipe penetrates into the cylinder shell and passes between the eccentric roller and the cylinder shell, and then passes out to connect with the hard water pipe. A first gear is fixed on the shaft of the eccentric roller, and a rack meshing with the first gear is provided on the connecting rod at the upper side of the first gear.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of the present application have the following beneficial effects: The soil improvement automatic fertilization device provided by the present invention is provided with an installation vehicle, a loosening unit and a fertilization unit, wherein the loosening unit includes an installation roller, a loosening knife and an arc plate, and the fertilization unit includes a fertilizer box and a valve plate; the arc plate is connected to the valve plate by driving an adjustment mechanism, and in an initial state, the valve plate closes the strip fertilizer outlet, and during operation, the loosening knife enters the soil, and the force of the soil on the arc plate causes the arc plate to move relative to the loosening knife. The worse the soil fertility is and the harder the soil is, the more fertilizer is applied to the soil. The fertilization amount can be automatically adjusted according to the different soil fertility, thereby improving the fertilizer utilization rate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a soil improvement automatic fertilization device provided by the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the positions of the installation roller, the accordion airbag, the plate body and the loosening knife in the soil improvement automatic fertilization device provided by the present invention; Figure 3 yes Figure 1 The enlarged view of point B in the figure; Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of a mounting shaft, a mounting roller, and a reciprocating external threaded sleeve in a soil improvement automatic fertilization device provided by the present invention; Figure 5 yes Figure 1 A in the enlarged view; Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of a second gear and a mounting plate in a soil improvement automatic fertilization device provided by the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the dispersed components in the automatic fertilization device for soil improvement provided by the present invention; Figure 8 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the interior of a cylinder shell in a soil improvement automatic fertilization device provided by the present invention.

[0017] Notes on the reference numerals: 1. Installation vehicle; 2. Hydraulic rod; 3. Soil loosening knife; 4. Installation roller; 5. Plate body; 6. First tension spring; 7. Arc plate; 8. Installation plate; 9. Mesh plate; 10. Rotating plate; 11. Fertilizer receiving plate; 12. Disc; 13. Valve plate; 14. Driving rod; 15. Strip fertilizer outlet; 16. Second tension spring; 17. Connecting rod; 18. Rocker rod; 19. Electric push rod; 20. Rack; 21 , the first gear; 22, hard water pipe; 23, cylinder shell; 24, water tank; 25, water pump; 26, air pipe; 27, piston; 28, piston cylinder; 29, piston rod; 30, fertilizer box; 31, the second stepper motor; 32, the second gear; 33, the rotating fan; 34, the pin rod; 35, the accordion airbag; 36, the first stepper motor; 37, the reciprocating external threaded sleeve; 38, the mounting shaft; 39, the soft water pipe; 40, the eccentric roller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by technicians in the technical field of this application; the terms used in the specification of the application herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application; the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of this application or the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order.

[0019] Reference to "embodiments" herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of the phrase in various locations in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0020] The embodiment of the present invention provides a soil improvement automatic fertilization device, such as Figure 1-Figure 8 As shown, including: The installation vehicle 1 can be towed by external traction equipment or installed with existing power equipment, without too many restrictions; A soil loosening unit and a fertilizing unit installed on the installation vehicle 1, wherein the fertilizing unit is located at the rear side of the soil loosening unit; The loosening unit comprises: A mounting roller 4 is rotatably arranged; A plurality of groups of ripper fixed on the mounting roller 4 at intervals in an annular direction may be fixed by welding, each group of ripper comprising a plurality of ripper knives 3 arranged at intervals, the end surface of the ripper knives 3 away from the mounting roller 4 being an arc surface, the center of the arc surface being located on the axis of the mounting roller 4; An arc plate 7 is slidably mounted on the arc surface of at least one ripping blade 3 of each group of ripping tools, and can be slidably mounted by means of a slider and a slide groove; The fertilization unit comprises: A fertilizer box 30 fixed on the mounting vehicle 1, wherein a strip-shaped fertilizer outlet 15 is provided at the bottom of the fertilizer box 30; A valve plate 13 is horizontally arranged in the strip-shaped fertilizer outlet 15; The arc plate 7 is connected to the valve plate 13 through an adjusting mechanism. In the initial state, the valve plate 13 closes the strip fertilizer outlet 15. When working, the loosening knife 3 enters the soil, and the force (resistance and friction) of the soil on the arc plate 7 causes the arc plate 7 to move relative to the loosening knife 3. The arc plate 7 drives the valve plate 13 to move through the adjusting mechanism to adjust the fertilizer output. The movement of the arc plate 7 relative to the loosening knife 3 is positively correlated with the fertilizer output.

[0021] It needs to be explained that the soil fertility is different, and its degree of compaction (hardness) is different, so the soil exerts different forces on the arc plate 7, resulting in different arc lengths of the arc plate 7 relative to the loosening knife 3. The worse the soil fertility is, the harder the soil is, and the greater the force on the arc plate 7. The arc length of the arc plate 7 relative to the loosening knife 3 is longer. The arc plate 7 drives the valve plate 13 through the adjustment mechanism to open the strip fertilizer outlet 15 wider, thereby applying more fertilizer to the soil to improve soil fertility, so that the amount of fertilizer applied can be automatically adjusted according to the different soil fertility to improve fertilizer utilization.

[0022] Wherein, the regulating mechanism comprises: A swing rod 18 is provided on one side of the fertilizer box 30, wherein the middle part of the swing rod 18 is hinged to the installation vehicle 1, and the lower part of the swing rod 18 is matched and connected with a connecting rod 17, on which a pin is fixed, and a movable groove for the pin to be inserted and moved is provided at the lower part of the swing rod 18 along its length direction, and the connecting rod 17 is horizontally slidably connected to the installation vehicle 1 and fixedly connected to the valve plate 13, and a second tension spring 16 is fixedly connected between the valve plate 13 and the fertilizer box 30, and the force of the second tension spring 16 on the valve plate 13 is directed toward the side away from the swing rod 18; A pneumatic telescopic rod connected to the upper part of the swing rod 18, the pneumatic telescopic rod comprising a piston cylinder 28, a piston 27 disposed in the piston cylinder 28, and a piston rod 29 inserted into the piston cylinder 28 and fixed to the piston 27. The pneumatic telescopic rod is horizontally arranged and mounted on the mounting vehicle 1. A pin is fixed to the telescopic end of the pneumatic telescopic rod. An active groove for inserting and moving the pin is provided on the upper part of the swing rod 18 along its length direction. The air inlet of the pneumatic telescopic rod is connected to an air pipe 26; A plate body 5 is fixedly connected to one end of the arc-shaped plate 7 and can be fixed by screws. A first tension spring 6 is fixedly connected between the plate body 5 and the loosening knife 3. The two ends of the first tension spring 6 can be hooked with the plate body 5 and the loosening knife 3 respectively. The direction of the force of the first tension spring 6 on the plate body 5 is the same as the rotation direction of the loosening knife 3. The accordion airbag 35 is arranged on the side of the plate body 5 away from the first tension spring 6. The accordion airbag 35 can be arranged in the installation roller 4. The inner cavity of the accordion airbag 35 is connected with the air pipe 26. The installation shaft 38 can be set hollow. The accordion airbag 35 is connected with the inner cavity of the installation shaft 38 through a branch pipe. The air pipe 26 is connected to one end of the installation shaft 38 through a rotary joint. During operation, the arc plate 7 moves relative to the loosening knife 3 under the force of the soil, and the arc plate 7 drives the plate body 5 to move. The plate body 5 squeezes the accordion airbag 35, and the air in the accordion airbag 35 enters the pneumatic telescopic rod through the air pipe 26. The pneumatic telescopic rod extends to drive the upper part of the swing rod 18 to rotate, and the swing rod 18 drives the connecting rod 17 to pull the valve plate 13 to open the strip fertilizer outlet 15. After the work is completed, the valve plate 13 is pulled under the action of the second tension spring 16 to close the strip fertilizer outlet 15.

[0023] Preferably, the pneumatic telescopic rod is fixedly mounted on the telescopic end of the vertically arranged electric push rod 19, and the electric push rod 19 is fixed on the mounting vehicle 1 and can be fixed by screws. The height position of the pneumatic telescopic rod is adjusted by extending or shortening the electric push rod 19, that is, the distance between the pneumatic telescopic rod and the rotation center of the swing rod 18 is adjusted. For example, when the elongation of the pneumatic telescopic rod remains unchanged, the distance between the pneumatic telescopic rod and the rotation center of the swing rod 18 changes, so that the rotation angle of the swing rod 18 changes, thereby adjusting the moving distance of the valve plate 13 to adjust the size of the strip fertilizer outlet 15, and further steplessly adjusting the fertilizer output.

[0024] In this embodiment, a mounting shaft 38 is coaxially passed through the mounting roller 4, and hydraulic rods 2 are respectively provided at both ends of the mounting shaft 38. The two ends of the mounting shaft 38 are rotatably connected with the telescopic ends of the two hydraulic rods 2, and can be rotatably connected through bearings. The hydraulic rods 2 are vertically fixed to the mounting vehicle 1 and can be fixed by screws. The telescopic end of one hydraulic rod 2 is fixed with a first stepper motor 36 for driving the mounting shaft 38 to rotate, which can be fixed by screws. The output shaft of the first stepper motor 36 can be fixed to one end of the mounting shaft 38 through a coupling. The mounting roller 4 is connected to the mounting shaft 38 in a sliding manner along the length direction thereof. A plurality of convex strips may be provided on the inner side wall of the mounting roller 4 along the length direction. The mounting shaft 38 is provided with grooves that slide with the convex strips. Reciprocating external threaded sleeves 37 are respectively inserted into the two ends of the mounting roller 4. The reciprocating external threaded sleeve 37 is coaxially arranged with the mounting roller 4 and sleeved on the mounting shaft 38. The telescopic end of the hydraulic rod 2 at one end of the reciprocating external threaded sleeve 37 is fixedly connected. The reciprocating external threaded sleeve 37 has the same structure as the reciprocating screw rod and is provided with a reciprocating thread. The hydraulic rod 2 can drive the installation shaft 38 to rise and fall, and adjust the height of the installation roller 4 and the loosening knife 3. During operation, the first stepper motor 36 is used to drive the installation shaft 38 to rotate, and the installation shaft 38 drives the installation roller 4 to rotate, and the installation roller 4 drives the loosening knife 3 to rotate. At the same time, the installation roller 4 and the reciprocating external threaded sleeve 37 are threadedly matched and rotate relatively, so that the installation roller 4 reciprocates along the length direction of the installation shaft 38, and the installation roller 4 drives the loosening knife 3 to reciprocate along the length direction of the installation shaft 38, which can expand the loosening range, and the loosening knife 3 fully breaks the soil to improve the fertilization effect.

[0025] In a specific implementation, the fertilization unit further includes a dispersion component for dispersing fertilizer, and the dispersion component includes: A fertilizer receiving plate 11 is provided below the strip-shaped fertilizer outlet 15; A driving mechanism for driving the fertilizer receiving plate 11 to swing back and forth; During operation, the fertilizer dropped from the strip fertilizer outlet 15 falls into the fertilizer receiving plate 11, and the fertilizer receiving plate 11 is driven to swing back and forth by the driving mechanism, and the fertilizer in the fertilizer receiving plate 11 gradually falls from the edges at both ends and is dispersed into the soil.

[0026] Furthermore, the driving mechanism comprises: The mounting rods fixed to the front and rear ends of the fertilizer receiving plate 11 can be fixed by screws, and the two mounting rods are rotatably connected to the front and rear side walls of the strip-shaped fertilizer outlet 15 respectively; A mounting plate 8 fixed on the mounting vehicle 1 and located on the side of the mounting rod away from the fertilizer receiving plate 11, and a second stepping motor 31 is fixed on the mounting plate 8, which can be fixed by bolts; A turntable 10 fixed on the output shaft of the second stepper motor 31 and located between the mounting plate 8 and the mounting rod can be fixed by welding, a pin is eccentrically fixed on the turntable 10, and a movable groove for the pin to be inserted and moved is opened along the length direction of the adjacent mounting rod; During operation, the second stepper motor 31 drives the rotating disk 10 to rotate, the rotating disk 10 drives the pin to move, the pin drives the mounting rod to swing, and the mounting rod drives the fertilizer receiving plate 11 to swing.

[0027] Furthermore, rotating fans 33 are symmetrically installed at both ends of the fertilizer receiving plate 11 for rotation. Both ends of the rotating shaft of the rotating fan 33 extend to the outside of the fertilizer receiving plate 11 and are fixed with a second gear 32. The mounting plate 8 is provided with arc-shaped teeth meshing with the second gear 32, and the center of the arc-shaped teeth coincides with the rotation center of the mounting rod.

[0028] When the fertilizer receiving plate 11 swings, the rotating fan 33 is driven to swing, so that the second gear 32 meshes with the arc-shaped teeth and moves relatively, and the second gear 32 rotates to drive the rotating fan 33 to rotate. When the rotating fan 33 rotates, fertilizer can be thrown, which is conducive to uniform fertilization.

[0029] In a specific implementation, the fertilization unit further includes a block breaking component for breaking up agglomerated fertilizers, and the block breaking component includes: Two mesh plates 9 are arranged between the two mounting rods, the mesh holes of the mesh plates 9 are larger than the fertilizer particles, the two mesh plates 9 are arranged in a V-shape and the bottom ends are hinged to the mounting rods; Each mesh plate 9 is provided with a disc 12 at both ends, and a pin rod 34 is eccentrically fixed between the front and rear discs 12. A movable slot for the pin rod 34 to pass through and move is provided on the mesh plate 9. The disc 12 is rotatably mounted on an adjacent mounting rod, and the two discs 12 on each mounting rod are symmetrically arranged. A driving rod 14 is arranged in a movable groove on the mounting rod, the driving rod 14 is hinged with a pin on the rotating disk 10, the driving rod 14 is located between the two disks 12, and the driving rod 14 is meshed with the two disks 12; During operation, granular fertilizer falls between the two mesh plates 9, and agglomerated fertilizer cannot pass through the mesh holes. When the turntable 10 rotates, the pin shaft is driven to move relative to the mounting rod, and the pin shaft drives the driving rod 14 to reciprocate in the movable groove. The driving rod 14 drives the two discs 12 to rotate, and the two discs 12 drive the two mesh plates 9 to approach and separate repeatedly through the pin rod 34. When the two mesh plates 9 approach each other, the agglomerated fertilizer is crushed.

[0030] In this embodiment, a water spray unit is installed on the installation vehicle 1 at the rear side of the fertilization unit, and the water spray unit includes: A water tank 24 fixed to the mounting vehicle 1; A water pump 25 is arranged in the water tank 24, the outlet pipe of the water pump 25 is connected to a soft water pipe 39, the soft water pipe 39 is connected to a longitudinally arranged hard water pipe 22 fixedly arranged below the installation vehicle 1, and a plurality of nozzles are installed at intervals at the lower part of the hard water pipe 22; When working, the water pump 25 delivers the water in the water tank 24 to the hard water pipe 22 through the soft water pipe 39, and then sprays it out from the nozzle, which helps the fertilizer nutrients penetrate deep into the soil and improve the fertilizer efficiency.

[0031] Preferably, the water spray unit further comprises: The cylinder shell 23 fixed on the mounting vehicle 1 can be fixed below the water tank 24, and the hard water pipe 22 can be fixed to the bottom of the cylinder shell 23, which can be fixed by screws; The eccentric roller 40 installed in the cylinder shell 23 is rotated, and the soft water pipe 39 penetrates into the cylinder shell 23 and passes between the eccentric roller 40 and the cylinder shell 23, and then passes out to connect with the hard water pipe 22. A first gear 21 is fixed on the shaft of the eccentric roller 40, and a rack 20 meshing with the first gear 21 is provided on the connecting rod 17 on the upper side of the first gear 21; like Figure 8 As shown, in the initial state, the eccentric roller 40 squeezes the soft water pipe 39 to close it, and no water is sprayed. Figure 1As shown, the swing rod 18 drives the connecting rod 17 to move rightward, and the connecting rod 17 drives the valve plate 13 to move rightward to open the strip fertilizer outlet 15. At the same time, the rack 20 drives the first gear 21 to rotate, and the first gear 21 drives the eccentric roller 40 to rotate, thereby opening the soft water pipe 39 to spray water, and the rotation angle of the eccentric roller 40 is positively correlated with the opening degree of the soft water pipe 39. That is to say, similar to the fertilizer output situation, the harder the soil, the more water is sprayed, and the water spraying amount can be automatically adjusted according to the soil fertility.

[0032] In summary, the present invention provides a soil improvement automatic fertilization device, the working principle of which is: In the initial state, the valve plate 13 closes the strip fertilizer outlet 15. When working, the loosening knife 3 enters the soil. The force (resistance and friction) of the soil on the arc plate 7 causes the arc plate 7 to move relative to the loosening knife 3. The arc plate 7 drives the plate body 5 to move. The plate body 5 squeezes the accordion airbag 35. The air in the accordion airbag 35 enters the pneumatic telescopic rod through the air pipe 26. The pneumatic telescopic rod extends to drive the upper part of the swing rod 18 to rotate. The swing rod 18 drives the connecting rod 17 to pull the valve plate 13 to open the strip fertilizer outlet 15. The worse the soil fertility is and the harder the soil is, the more fertilizer is applied to the soil. The fertilizer dropped from the strip fertilizer outlet 15 falls into the fertilizer receiving plate 11. The second stepping motor 31 drives the rotating disk 10 to rotate, the rotating disk 10 drives the pin to move, the pin drives the mounting rod to swing, the mounting rod drives the fertilizer receiving plate 11 to swing, and the rotating fan 33 rotates. When the rotating fan 33 rotates, fertilizer can be thrown, which is conducive to uniform fertilization.

[0033] It should be noted that, for the above embodiments, for the sake of simplicity, they are all described as a series of action combinations, but those skilled in the art should know that the present invention is not limited by the described order of actions, because according to the present invention, some steps may be performed in other orders or simultaneously. Secondly, those skilled in the art should also know that the embodiments described in the specification are all preferred embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily required by the present invention.

[0034] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the protection scope of the invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on these embodiments, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A soil improvement automatic fertilization device, include: Installation vehicle; A soil loosening unit and a fertilizing unit installed on the installation vehicle, wherein the fertilizing unit is located at the rear side of the soil loosening unit; The loosening unit comprises: A mounting roller is rotatably arranged; A plurality of groups of ripper devices are fixed on the mounting roller at intervals in an annular direction, each group of ripper devices comprises a plurality of ripper knives arranged at intervals, wherein the end surface of the ripper knives away from the mounting roller is an arc surface, and the center of the arc surface is located on the axis of the mounting roller; An arc plate is slidably mounted on the arc surface of at least one scarifier blade of each set of scarifiers; The fertilization unit comprises: A fertilizer box fixed on the installation vehicle, wherein a strip-shaped fertilizer outlet is provided at the bottom of the fertilizer box; A valve plate horizontally arranged in the strip-shaped fertilizer outlet; The arc plate is connected to the valve plate through an adjusting mechanism. In the initial state, the valve plate closes the strip fertilizer outlet. When working, the loosening knife enters the soil, and the force of the soil on the arc plate causes the arc plate to move relative to the loosening knife. The arc plate drives the valve plate to move through the adjusting mechanism to adjust the fertilizer output. The movement of the arc plate relative to the loosening knife is positively correlated with the fertilizer output.

2. The soil improvement automatic fertilization device according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The regulating mechanism comprises: A swing arm is arranged on one side of the fertilizer box, the middle part of the swing arm is hinged with the installation vehicle, the lower part of the swing arm is matched with a connecting rod, a pin is fixed on the connecting rod, and a movable groove for the pin to be inserted and moved is opened along its length direction at the lower part of the swing arm, the connecting rod is horizontally slidably connected with the installation vehicle and fixedly connected with the valve plate, a second tension spring is fixedly connected between the valve plate and the fertilizer box, and the force of the second tension spring on the valve plate is directed toward the side away from the swing arm; A pneumatic telescopic rod connected to the upper part of the swing rod, the pneumatic telescopic rod is horizontally arranged and installed on the installation vehicle, a pin is fixed to the telescopic end of the pneumatic telescopic rod, and a movable groove for the pin to be inserted and moved is opened along the length direction of the upper part of the swing rod, and the air inlet of the pneumatic telescopic rod is connected to an air pipe; A plate body is fixedly connected to one end of the arc-shaped plate, a first tension spring is fixedly connected between the plate body and the loosening knife, and the direction of the force exerted by the first tension spring on the plate body is the same as the rotation direction of the loosening knife; An accordion airbag is arranged on a side of the plate body away from the first tension spring, the accordion airbag is arranged in the installation roller, and the inner cavity of the accordion airbag is communicated with the air pipe.

3. The soil improvement automatic fertilization device according to claim 2, It is characterized in that The pneumatic telescopic rod is fixedly mounted on the telescopic end of a vertically arranged electric push rod, and the electric push rod is fixed on the mounting vehicle.

4. The soil improvement automatic fertilization device according to claim 1, It is characterized in that A mounting shaft is coaxially passed through the mounting roller, and hydraulic rods are respectively provided at both ends of the mounting shaft. Both ends of the mounting shaft are rotatably connected with the telescopic ends of the two hydraulic rods, and the hydraulic rods are vertically fixed on the mounting vehicle. A first stepper motor for driving the mounting shaft to rotate is fixed to the telescopic end of one hydraulic rod. The mounting roller is slidably connected to the mounting shaft along its length direction, and reciprocating external threaded sleeves are respectively passed through both ends of the mounting roller. The reciprocating external threaded sleeve is coaxially arranged with the mounting roller and is sleeved on the mounting shaft, and the telescopic end of the hydraulic rod at one end of the reciprocating external threaded sleeve is fixedly connected.

5. The soil improvement automatic fertilization device according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The fertilization unit also includes a dispersion component, which includes: A fertilizer receiving plate provided below the strip-shaped fertilizer outlet; A driving mechanism is used to drive the fertilizer receiving plate to swing back and forth.

6. The automatic fertilization device for soil improvement according to claim 5, It is characterized in that The driving mechanism comprises: The two mounting rods are fixed to the front and rear ends of the fertilizer receiving plate, and the two mounting rods are rotatably connected to the front and rear side walls of the strip-shaped fertilizer outlet respectively; A mounting plate fixed on the mounting vehicle and located on a side of the mounting rod away from the fertilizer receiving plate, wherein a second stepping motor is fixed on the mounting plate; A rotating disk is fixed on the output shaft of the second stepper motor and is located between the mounting plate and the mounting rod. A pin is eccentrically fixed on the rotating disk, and a movable groove for the pin to be inserted and moved is opened on the adjacent mounting rod along its length direction.

7. The soil improvement automatic fertilization device according to claim 6, It is characterized in that Rotating fans are symmetrically mounted at both ends of the fertilizer receiving plate, and both ends of the rotating shaft of the rotating fan extend to the outside of the fertilizer receiving plate and are fixed with a second gear. Arc teeth meshing with the second gear are provided on the mounting plate, and the center of the arc teeth coincides with the rotation center of the mounting rod.

8. The soil improvement automatic fertilization device according to claim 6, It is characterized in that The fertilizing unit further comprises a block breaking component for breaking up agglomerated fertilizers, and the block breaking component comprises: Two mesh plates are arranged between the two mounting rods, the mesh holes of the mesh plates are larger than the fertilizer particles, the two mesh plates are arranged in a V shape and the bottom ends are hinged to the mounting rods; Each mesh plate is provided with a disc at both ends, and a pin is eccentrically fixed between the two discs. A movable slot for the pin to pass through and move is provided on the mesh plate. The disc is rotatably mounted on an adjacent mounting rod, and the two discs on each mounting rod are symmetrically arranged. A driving rod is arranged in a movable groove on the mounting rod, the driving rod is hinged with a pin shaft on the rotating disk, the driving rod is located between the two disks, and the driving rod is meshed with the two disks.

9. The automatic fertilization device for soil improvement according to claim 2, It is characterized in that The installation vehicle is provided with a water spray unit at the rear side of the fertilization unit, and the water spray unit comprises: A water tank fixed to the installation vehicle; A water pump is arranged in the water tank, the water outlet pipe of the water pump is connected with a soft water pipe, the soft water pipe is connected with a longitudinally arranged hard water pipe fixedly arranged under the installation vehicle, and a plurality of nozzles are installed at intervals at the lower part of the hard water pipe.

10. The automatic fertilization device for soil improvement according to claim 9, It is characterized in that The water spray unit also includes: A cylinder shell fixed to the mounting vehicle; The eccentric roller installed in the cylinder shell is rotated, and the soft water pipe penetrates into the cylinder shell and passes between the eccentric roller and the cylinder shell, and then passes out to connect with the hard water pipe. A first gear is fixed on the shaft of the eccentric roller, and a rack meshing with the first gear is provided on the connecting rod at the upper side of the first gear.

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