Press fitting and tightening device

Abstract

The invention discloses a press-fitting and tightening device, and relates to the technical field of new energy large electric vehicle dual-drive motor product production, the press-fitting and tightening device comprises a rack, a plurality of pressure head assemblies, a press-fitting assembly and a tightening assembly, the rack is provided with a plurality of positioning blocks arranged in the left-right direction, and the positioning blocks are arranged in the left-right direction. The multiple pressing head assemblies and the multiple positioning blocks are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence mode, the press-fitting assembly is arranged on the rack and comprises a connecting base arranged on the rack and a press-fitting part capable of being movably installed in the vertical direction relative to the connecting base, the connecting base can move towards the left side and the right side, and the press-fitting part can be movably installed in the vertical direction relative to the connecting base. The tightening assembly comprises a tightening part movably arranged on the rack. The press-fitting assembly and the tightening assembly are unified on the same equipment, so that the space occupied by the dual-motor shaft system in the assembling and machining process is reduced, the occupied area of the equipment is reduced, and meanwhile, the assembling efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of production of dual-drive motor products for new energy large-scale electric vehicles, and in particular to a press-fitting and tightening device. Background Art

[0002] In the production of dual-drive motors for new energy large electric vehicles, the shaft system is sub-assembled for press-fitting the drive motor input shaft, ICE intermediate shaft, EV intermediate shaft, differential bearing press-fitting, and differential bolt tightening. Driven by the cylinder, the four pressure heads can be moved and switched in the horizontal and vertical positions to press-fit the bearings of the positioned engine shaft and intermediate shaft. After the press-fitting is completed, the monitoring system can effectively determine whether the press-fitting trajectory and pressure meet the defined requirements. At the same time, the device also integrates a double-head tightening component in a limited space, which can simultaneously complete the tightening of differential-related bolts.

[0003] At present, there is no relevant equipment for pressing the shaft system of dual-drive motors in China. The pressing of related engine shafts and intermediate shaft bearings is mostly done by multiple devices operating separately, which increases the equipment footprint and cannot achieve free positioning and movement of the pressing head in the horizontal and vertical positions. The pressing quality cannot be effectively guaranteed and the flexibility is low. The differential is mostly tightened by manual tools and is not effectively integrated with the pressing equipment. Summary of the invention

[0004] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a press-fitting and tightening device, which is intended to complete the positioning of the engine shaft and the intermediate shaft and the tightening of the differential by a single device.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the press-fitting and tightening device proposed in the present invention comprises:

[0006] The frame is provided with a plurality of positioning blocks arranged along the left and right directions;

[0007] A plurality of pressing head assemblies, wherein the plurality of pressing head assemblies are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of positioning blocks;

[0008] A press-fitting assembly is arranged on the frame, the press-fitting assembly comprises a connecting seat arranged on the frame, and a press-fitting part which can be movably installed in the up-down direction relative to the connecting seat, and the connecting seat can move toward the left and right sides; and

[0009] A tightening assembly, comprising a tightening part movably arranged on the frame;

[0010] Wherein, each of the press head assemblies is used to support the bearing, and is used to align a group of shafts to be installed with the corresponding positioning blocks for initial installation. The connecting seat is movable, and the press-fitting part presses the bearings in the group of shafts to be installed after the alignment is completed, so as to form an installation shaft structure;

[0011] After the mounting shaft structure is installed in the housing and the bearing cover is initially installed on the housing, the tightening part tightens the corresponding fixing bolts on the bearing cover.

[0012] Preferably, the upper pressing head is movably arranged on the frame, and the upper pressing head is used to push the bearing:

[0013] The pressing head is detachably arranged on the positioning block, and the pressing head is used to locate the placement position of the bearing.

[0014] Preferably, the upper pressing head is located above the lower pressing head, and the upper pressing head moves toward or away from the lower pressing head to press-fit the bearing onto the corresponding shaft to be installed.

[0015] Preferably, the upper pressure head includes a movable seat, an elastic member and a telescopic block, the movable seat is movably arranged on the frame, the elastic member is arranged in the movable seat, and the elastic member extends toward the lower pressure head, the telescopic block is arranged on the side of the elastic member facing the lower pressure head, and the telescopic block is slidably connected to the inside of the movable seat, and the telescopic block is used to push the bearing.

[0016] Preferably, a detection component is provided on the frame, and the detection component is provided corresponding to one of the upper pressing heads, and the detection component is used to detect the press-fitting process of one of the shafts to be installed.

[0017] Preferably, the press-fitting assembly further comprises a linear module, which is arranged on the frame, and the connecting seat is arranged on the linear module, and the linear module is used to drive the connecting seat to move left and right.

[0018] Preferably, the press-fitting portion comprises:

[0019] A driving cylinder is disposed in the connecting seat, and one end of the driving cylinder facing the upper pressure head penetrates the connecting seat, and one end of the driving cylinder facing the upper pressure head is provided with a mounting seat, and the driving cylinder drives the mounting seat to move toward or away from the upper pressure head; and,

[0020] The floating pressure head is arranged on a side of the mounting seat facing the upper pressure head portion, and the floating pressure head moves toward or away from the upper pressure head portion along with the connecting seat.

[0021] Preferably, a plurality of guide rods are provided on the mounting seat, a limit block is provided at one end of the guide rod away from the upper pressure head assembly, and a guide sleeve for the guide rod to pass through is provided on the connecting seat, and the limit block is located on the side of the guide sleeve away from the mounting seat to limit the moving distance of the mounting seat.

[0022] Preferably, the tightening assembly further comprises:

[0023] A dispensing table, arranged in the frame, for placing the shell;

[0024] A lifting device is arranged on the frame and located above the dispensing platform. The tightening part is arranged on the lifting device and is used to drive the tightening part to move toward or away from the dispensing platform.

[0025] Preferably, a limiting portion is provided on the dispensing table, and the limiting portion is used to limit the movement of one of the shaft structures to be installed.

[0026] In the technical solution provided by the present invention, the frame is provided with a plurality of positioning blocks arranged along the left and right directions, a plurality of the pressure head assemblies are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of the positioning blocks, the press-fitting assembly is arranged on the frame, the press-fitting assembly includes a connecting seat arranged on the frame, and a press-fitting part which can be movably installed along the up and down directions relative to the connecting seat, the connecting seat can move toward the left and right sides, and the tightening assembly includes a tightening part movably arranged on the frame. By unifying the press-fitting assembly and the tightening assembly on the same device, the space occupied by the dual-motor shaft system during the assembly process is reduced, the equipment footprint is reduced, and the assembly efficiency is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying creative work.

[0028] Figure 1 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of an embodiment of a press-fitting and tightening device provided by the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the main view of the medium pressure assembly and tightening device;

[0030] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle and upper pressure head;

[0031] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A top view of the medium pressure assembly and tightening device;

[0032] Figure 5 for Figure 2 Schematic cross-sectional view of the center line CC.

[0033] Description of Figure Numbers:

[0034] 1. Frame; 11. Positioning block; 2. Press-fit assembly; 21. Floating pressure head; 22. Mounting seat; 23. Guide rod; 24. Guide sleeve; 25. Driving cylinder; 26. Connecting seat; 27. Linear module; 3. Tightening assembly; 31. Packing table; 311. Limiting part; 32. Tightening part; 33. Lifting device; 4. Pressure head assembly; 41. Upper pressure head; 411. Movable seat; 412. Elastic part; 413. Telescopic block; 42. Lower pressure head; 5. Detection assembly.

[0035] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indications are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0038] In addition, if there are descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present invention, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or suggesting their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but they must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in the field to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0039] The present invention provides a press-fitting and tightening device. Figures 1 to 5 The present invention provides a press-fitting and tightening device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] See also Figure 1 to Figure 2The press-fitting and tightening device comprises a frame 1, a plurality of press head assemblies 4, a press-fitting assembly 2 and a tightening assembly 3. The frame 1 is provided with a plurality of positioning blocks 11 arranged in the left-right direction. The plurality of press head assemblies 4 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of positioning blocks 11. The press-fitting assembly 2 is arranged on the frame 1. The press-fitting assembly 2 comprises a connecting seat 26 arranged on the frame 1, and a press-fitting portion that can be movably installed in the up-down direction relative to the connecting seat 26. The connecting seat 26 can move toward the left and right sides. The tightening assembly 3 comprises a tightening portion 32 movably arranged on the frame 1. The placement positions of the drive motor input shaft, the engine intermediate shaft, the motor intermediate shaft and the differential drive shaft are positioned by arranging a plurality of positioning blocks 11. At the same time, the press-fitting assembly 2 and the tightening assembly 3 are arranged on the same frame 1, so that, for example, the press-fitting of the differential drive shaft and the tightening of the bearing cover of the corresponding bearing of the differential drive shaft can be completed on the same device.

[0041] The positioning block 11 is used to place the shaft. Different shafts have different shapes. The shape of each positioning block 11 is also different. The shapes of the positioning blocks 11 corresponding to shafts of different sizes are also different. Therefore, the positioning block 11 can be set to be detachable, so that the shape of the positioning block 11 can be changed accordingly according to the shaft to be placed, thereby increasing the use range of the equipment and allowing a single device to cope with the pressing work of multiple shafts.

[0042] The primary function of the positioning block 11 is to accurately position and firmly support various shafts. In mechanical equipment, shafts are important components for transmitting power and motion, and their shapes, sizes and uses vary. From slender transmission shafts to sturdy support shafts, each type of shaft requires a matching positioning block 11 to ensure its stable operation. Therefore, the shape design of the positioning block 11 is extremely diverse, with simple cylindrical and square shapes as well as complex special-shaped structures to meet the needs of different shafts. With the continuous advancement of industrial technology, equipment has higher and higher requirements for flexibility and adaptability. Although the traditional fixed positioning block 11 can meet basic needs, it seems powerless when facing diversified production tasks. For this reason, a detachable positioning block 11 came into being. This design allows users to replace positioning blocks 11 of different shapes and sizes according to actual needs to adapt to the installation of different shafts. Installation requirements, this flexibility not only greatly broadens the scope of use of the equipment, but also significantly improves production efficiency and flexibility. Taking the automobile manufacturing industry as an example, a car may contain hundreds of different types of shafts, such as engine crankshafts, drive shafts, intermediate shafts, etc. These shafts have significant differences in shape, size and installation requirements. If the traditional fixed positioning block 11 is used for press-fitting operations, each type of shaft will have to be equipped with special equipment or fixtures, which will undoubtedly greatly increase production costs and cycles. After using the detachable positioning block 11, only one set of equipment is needed to easily cope with the press-fitting needs of various shafts, which not only reduces production costs, but also improves the flexibility and response speed of the production line. The detachable positioning blocks 11 not only meet the high requirements of equipment for flexibility and adaptability, but also promote the dual improvement of production efficiency and product quality.

[0043] Manually positioning the bearing and coordinating the press-fitting process is relatively dangerous and can easily cause hand injuries to the staff. Therefore, a pressing head assembly 4 is provided to position the bearing and cooperate with the positioning block 11 to complete the alignment of the bearing and the shaft, and cooperate with the press-fitting assembly 2 to complete the press-fitting of the shaft and the bearing. The pressing head assembly 4 enables the bearing to be correctly and firmly press-fitted onto the corresponding shaft.

[0044] For example, because the differential is easily exposed to external dust and other debris, a bearing cover is required to seal the bearing. The bearing cover is generally fixed to the differential by a bolt structure. Manpower is limited, and vibration will occur during the vehicle operation, causing the bolts to loosen. Therefore, a tightening group is needed to tighten the bolts firmly on the bearing cover to prevent the bolts from loosening and falling off during vibration.

[0045] Among them, each of the pressing head assemblies 4 is used to support the bearing, and is used to align a group of shafts to be installed with the bearings with the corresponding positioning blocks 11 for initial installation. The connecting seat 26 is movable, and the pressing part presses the bearings in the group of shafts to be installed and the bearings after the alignment is completed to form an installation shaft structure. After the installation shaft structure is installed in the housing and the bearing cover is initially installed on the housing, the tightening part 32 tightens the corresponding fixing bolts on the bearing cover. After the positioning block 11 completes the positioning of the drive motor input shaft, the engine intermediate shaft, the motor intermediate shaft and the differential drive shaft, the pressing head assembly 4 is installed to complete the positioning of the bearing so that the drive motor input shaft, the engine intermediate shaft, the motor intermediate shaft and the differential drive shaft and the corresponding bearings are aligned one by one, and the bearings are pressed onto the corresponding shafts through the cooperation of the pressing assembly 2 to form an installation shaft structure.

[0046] As a key component supporting the outer ring of the bearing, the importance of the pressure head assembly 4 is self-evident. The core function of the pressure head assembly 4 is to provide stable support for the outer ring of the bearing. During the press-fitting process of the bearing, if there is a lack of effective support, the bearing may move toward the outer peripheral side due to uneven force, resulting in press-fitting failure or bearing damage. The pressure head assembly 4 ensures that the bearing can only move along the length extension direction of the shaft during the press-fitting process through its unique structural design, so as to accurately press the inner ring of the bearing onto the outer periphery of the shaft. Taking the manufacturing process of an automobile engine as an example, on the assembly line of the automobile engine, the bearing is an important component connecting the intermediate shaft and key components such as the connecting rod. When the bearing is installed on the intermediate shaft, the pressure head assembly 4 is precisely placed under the outer ring of the bearing and pressure is applied through hydraulic or mechanical force. At this time, the pressure head assembly 4 not only withstands huge pressure, but also ensures the smooth movement of the bearing and avoids any possible deviation or tilt. The smooth progress of this process is directly related to the performance and life of the engine. The design and manufacture of the pressure head assembly 4 is a highly precise process. First, the designer needs to accurately calculate the size and shape of the press head assembly 4 according to the size, shape and press-fitting requirements of the bearing. At the same time, the selection of materials must also be considered to ensure that the press head assembly 4 will not be deformed or damaged when subjected to pressure.

[0047] During the press-fitting process, the shaft is first placed in the corresponding positioning block 11 for positioning, and then the pressing head assembly 4 corresponding to the shaft is installed to the corresponding position, and then the pressing assembly 2 is started. The connecting seat 26 in the pressing assembly 2 drives the pressing part to move left and right to align the pressing part with one of the pressing head assemblies 4, and then the pressing part is started to move toward the pressing head assembly 4 to complete the press-fitting work of the shaft and the corresponding bearing. Every time the pressing part completes the press-fitting work of a shaft and a corresponding bearing, the connecting seat 26 will drive it to move toward another bearing and the corresponding bearing until the shaft and the corresponding bearing on all the positioning blocks 11 are pressed. After the press-fitting work of the differential drive shaft is completed, the bearing cover is put on the outside of the differential shaft and covers the bearing, and then the fixing bolt is initially screwed into the bearing cover to complete the initial fixing work of the bearing cover.

[0048] Therefore, in the technical solution provided by the present invention, the frame 1 is provided with a plurality of positioning blocks 11 arranged along the left and right directions, a plurality of the pressing head assemblies 4 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of the positioning blocks 11, the pressing assembly 2 is arranged on the frame 1, the pressing assembly 2 includes a connecting seat 26 provided on the frame 1, and a pressing portion movably installed along the up and down directions relative to the connecting seat 26, the connecting seat 26 can move toward the left and right sides, the tightening assembly 3 includes a tightening portion 32 movably arranged on the frame 1, and by unifying the pressing assembly 2 and the tightening assembly 3 on the same device, the space required to be occupied by the dual motor shaft system during the assembly process is reduced, the equipment footprint is reduced, and the assembly efficiency is improved.

[0049] Please also read Figures 3 to 5 The pressing head assembly 4 is used to locate the placement position of the bearing, thereby assisting the bearing to be aligned with the corresponding pair of axes, and at the same time assisting the press-fitting assembly 2 to complete the press-fitting process. Specifically, in an embodiment of the present invention, the pressing head assembly 4 includes an upper pressing head 41 and a lower pressing head 42, the upper pressing head 41 is movably arranged on the frame 1, the upper pressing head 41 is used to push the bearing, the lower pressing head 42 is detachably arranged on the positioning block 11, and the lower pressing head 42 is used to locate the placement position of the bearing.

[0050] In conventional operation, after the bearing is pressed on one end of the shaft, due to the limitation of the equipment, the entire shaft is often required to be turned over so as to perform the same operation on the other end. This step is not only time-consuming and laborious, but also increases the uncertainty in the operation process, such as the positioning error of the shaft, the risk of damage during the turning process, etc. In order to overcome this problem, a detachable pressing head 42 is designed. This design cleverly utilizes the stability and flexibility of the positioning block 11, and designs the pressing head 42 as a structure that can be snapped onto the positioning block 11. In specific operation, after the bearing is pressed on one end of the shaft, the staff does not need to move the heavy shaft, but only needs to easily remove the pressing head 42 on the positioning block 11. This process is like unlocking a precise lock, which is quick and safe. Afterwards, they can easily take out the shaft inside the positioning block 11 and flip it 180 degrees so that the end of the bearing that was not pressed onto it faces the upper pressing head 41. The smooth completion of this step is due to the precise guiding and fixing functions of the positioning block 11, which ensures the stability and accuracy of the shaft during the flipping process. Next, the staff reinstalls the lower pressing head 42 back onto the positioning block 11 and places a new bearing on it. At this point, the entire pressing assembly 2 is ready to press fit the other end of the shaft. As the machine starts, the pressing assembly 2 slowly descends and accurately presses the new bearing onto the other end of the shaft. The design of the detachable lower pressing head 42 also brings many additional benefits. For example, it makes the replacement and maintenance of bearings more convenient and quick. When the bearing needs to be replaced due to wear or other reasons, the staff only needs to follow the same steps to complete it easily. In addition, since the clamping structure between the pressing head 42 and the positioning block 11 is tight and stable, the displacement and shaking of the bearing can be effectively prevented during the pressing process, thereby ensuring the stability and consistency of the pressing quality.

[0051] Furthermore, the upper pressing head 41 is located above the lower pressing head 42, and the upper pressing head 41 moves toward or away from the lower pressing head 42 to press the bearing onto the corresponding shaft to be installed. During press installation, the shaft is first placed into the corresponding positioning block 11, and then the lower pressing head 42 is installed on the corresponding positioning block 11, and the corresponding bearing is placed into the lower pressing head 42. While positioning the bearing, the shaft and the corresponding bearing are aligned, and then the press-fitting assembly 2 is started, and the press-fitting portion of the press-fitting assembly 2 contacts the upper pressing head 41 and pushes the upper pressing head 41 toward the lower pressing head 42. The upper pressing head 41 presses the bearing onto the corresponding bearing during the movement.

[0052] Furthermore, the upper pressing head 41 includes a movable seat 411, an elastic member 412 and a telescopic block 413, the movable seat 411 is movably arranged on the frame 1, the elastic member 412 is arranged in the movable seat 411, and the elastic member 412 extends toward the lower pressing head 42, the telescopic block 413 is arranged on the side of the elastic member 412 facing the lower pressing head, and the telescopic block 413 is slidably connected to the inside of the movable seat 411, and the telescopic block 413 is used to push the bearing, and during the press-fitting process, the upper pressing head 41 is pushed toward the bearing by the press-fitting part, and the telescopic block 413 first contacts the inner ring of the bearing, and is pushed into the movable seat 411 of the bearing box, when the movable seat 411 contacts the outer ring of the bearing, it pushes the bearing toward the corresponding shaft to press the bearing onto the bearing, the cooperation of the movable seat 411 and the telescopic block 413 stably presses the bearing onto the bearing, and avoids that only the outer ring or the inner ring of the bearing is subjected to force during the press-fitting process, resulting in deviation of the inner and outer rings.

[0053] The bearing of the drive motor input shaft, as a key component connecting the motor and the load, not only needs to withstand the rotational force and torque from the inside of the motor, but also needs to face the invasion of adverse factors such as dust and moisture in the external environment. In order to effectively prevent these external impurities from entering the bearing and damaging its precision structure, the innovative design of dust cover has been gradually introduced into modern motor design. The existence of dust cover is like putting a layer of protective clothing on the bearing, which effectively isolates the external pollution and ensures the cleanliness and dryness of the bearing. However, while the dust cover plays its protective role, it also poses certain challenges to the pressing process of the bearing. Due to the existence of dust cover, the traditional bearing pressing method may not be fully adapted, resulting in unnecessary resistance or deviation during the pressing process, which in turn affects the installation accuracy and performance of the bearing. Therefore, in order to reduce the dust cover, the dust cover is used to prevent the bearing from being damaged. In order to prevent the impact of the cover on the pressing process, special detection devices and auxiliary tools are designed. These detection devices usually integrate high-precision sensors and data analysis systems, which can monitor various key parameters in real time during the bearing pressing process, such as pressure, displacement, temperature, etc. By collecting and analyzing these data, the detection device can quickly identify abnormal conditions that may occur during the pressing process, such as pressure fluctuations, displacement deviations, etc., and issue early warning signals in time. In this way, the operator can adjust the pressing strategy in time according to the early warning information to ensure that the bearing can be installed accurately and smoothly. Specifically, in an embodiment of the present invention, a detection component 5 is provided on the frame 1, and the detection component 5 is corresponding to one of the upper pressing heads 41, and the detection component 5 is used to detect the pressing process of one of the shafts to be installed.

[0054] The left and right movement of the connecting seat 26 requires a corresponding device to drive the connecting seat 26 to move. Specifically, in an embodiment of the present invention, the pressing assembly 2 also includes a linear module 27, which is arranged on the frame 1, and the connecting seat 26 is arranged on the linear module 27. The linear module 27 is used to drive the connecting seat 26 to move left and right. The linear module 27, as a high-precision linear transmission device, has the advantages of compact structure, accurate positioning, and smooth operation. Specifically, the linear module 27 generates power for linear motion through a built-in power source such as a motor or cylinder. In the pressing assembly 2, this power is converted into left and right movement of the connecting seat 26. The connecting seat 26 serves as a carrier of the pressing part, and the precise adjustment of its position is directly related to the smooth progress of the pressing process. When the linear module 27 receives the control signal, it will drive the connecting seat 26 to move smoothly along the predetermined track until it reaches the specified position.

[0055] The linear module 27 drives the connecting seat 26 to move left and right, so that the connecting seat 26 can drive the pressing part to move to the top of the corresponding pressing head assembly 4 of the positioning block 11 conveniently arranged along the left and right, so that the pressing part and the pressing head assembly 4 cooperate with each other to perform the pressing process, and the pressing part can cooperate with the pressing head assembly 4 corresponding to each axis, thereby automatically completing the pressing work of all axes and corresponding bearings.

[0056] Furthermore, the pressing part includes a driving cylinder 25 and a floating pressure head 21. The driving cylinder 25 is arranged in the connecting seat 26, and the end of the driving cylinder 25 facing the upper pressure head 41 passes through the connecting seat 26. The end of the driving cylinder 25 facing the upper pressure head 41 is provided with a mounting seat 22. The driving cylinder 25 drives the mounting seat 22 to move toward or away from the upper pressure head 41. The floating pressure head 21 is arranged on the side of the mounting seat 22 facing the upper pressure head 41. The floating pressure head 21 moves toward or away from the upper pressure head 41 with the connecting seat 26. The mounting seat 22 is driven to move up and down by the driving cylinder 25, so that the mounting seat 22 drives the floating pressure head 21 to move up and down, thereby realizing the up and down movement of the pressing part.

[0057] After the linear module 27 is started, it drives the connecting seat 26 to move left and right, and the connecting seat 26 drives the driving cylinder 25 to move together. When the driving cylinder 25 moves to the top of one of the pressing head assemblies 4, the linear module 27 is closed and the driving cylinder 25 is started. The driving cylinder 25 drives the mounting seat 22 to move toward the upper pressing head 41 through the output shaft, and the floating pressing head 21 moves toward the upper pressing head 41 together with the mounting seat 22 until the floating pressing head 21 contacts the upper pressing head 41 and pushes the upper pressing head 41 toward the lower pressing head 42, so as to start the pressing operation of the shaft and the bearing.

[0058] Furthermore, a plurality of guide rods 23 are provided on the mounting seat 22, and a limit block is provided at one end of the guide rod 23 away from the upper pressure head assembly 4, and a guide sleeve 24 for the guide rod 23 to pass through is provided on the connecting seat 26, and the limit block is located on the side of the guide sleeve 24 away from the mounting seat 22 to limit the moving distance of the mounting seat 22, and a through hole for the guide rod 23 to pass through is opened on the mounting seat 22, so that the guide rod 23 can move up and down with the mounting seat 22, and at the same time, a through hole connected to the through hole is opened in the guide sleeve 24. The guide sleeve 24 is a through hole so that the guide rod 23 can pass through the guide sleeve 24. At the same time, the guide sleeve 24 limits the movement direction of the guide rod 23, thereby limiting the movement direction of the mounting seat 22, and further limiting the movement convenience of the floating pressure head 21, and cooperates with the upper limit block to limit the movement distance of the floating pressure head 21, so as to avoid that the floating pressure head 21 moves down too long, causing the bearing press position to exceed the preset position. At the same time, multiple guide rods 23 can be symmetrically arranged with the central axis of the mounting seat 22 as the symmetry axis, so that the guide rods 23 can stably limit the movement direction of the mounting seat 22.

[0059] The tightening assembly 3 not only needs to tighten the fixing bolts on the bearing cover to complete the fixing work of the bearing cover, but also needs a device to drive the tightening part 32 toward the fixing bolts. Specifically, in an embodiment of the present invention, the tightening assembly 3 also includes a loading platform 31 and a lifting device 33. The loading platform 31 is arranged in the frame 1 for placing the shell. The lifting device 33 is arranged on the frame 1 and is located above the loading platform 31. The tightening part 32 is arranged on the lifting device 33. The lifting device 33 is used to drive the tightening part 32 to move closer to or away from the loading platform 31.

[0060] Before fixing the bearing cover, first put the bearing cover on the pressed bearing, and cover the bearing cover, then place the fixing bolts in the corresponding mounting holes on the bearing cover, and tighten them, and detach the fixing bolts from the bearing cover before tightening. Then fix the shaft with the bearing cover on the assembly platform 31, start the lifting device 33, and the lifting device 33 drives the tightening part 32 to move toward the assembly platform 31, so as to gradually contact the fixing bolts on the bearing cover. When the tightening part 32 contacts the fixing bolts, start the tightening part 32 to complete the tightening of the fixing bolts.

[0061] The tightening part 32 can use a dual-axis tightening device, which is a device that can tighten bolts on two or more axes simultaneously or independently. The essence of its design lies in the integration of two or more high-precision tightening heads. Each tightening head is equipped with an independent drive system, which can flexibly rotate and accurately align with the bolts to be tightened. This design not only significantly improves the efficiency of the tightening operation, but also ensures the uniformity of the tightening force, and avoids the problem of bolt loosening or damage caused by improper manual operation. The bearing cover, as a key component for supporting and fixing the bearing in mechanical equipment, its stability is directly related to the running stability and service life of the equipment. Traditionally, the fixing of the bearing cover relies on manually tightening multiple fixing bolts one by one, which is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also difficult to ensure that the tightening force of each bolt is consistent. The introduction of the dual-axis tightening device provides a perfect solution to this problem. Through the dual-axis tightening device, the operator can tighten multiple fixing bolts on the bearing cover at the same time, which not only greatly shortens the tightening time, but also significantly improves the accuracy and consistency of the tightening. This efficient and precise tightening method not only enhances the stability of the bearing cover, but also effectively extends the overall service life of the equipment. While improving the tightening efficiency, the double-axis tightening equipment also reduces the space occupied by the tightening part 32 through its compact design. This is undoubtedly a huge blessing for those production environments with extremely stringent space requirements. By reducing the size of the equipment, companies can plan the layout of the production line more flexibly, improve space utilization, and further reduce production costs.

[0062] Furthermore, a limiting portion 311 is provided on the loading platform 31, and the limiting portion 311 is used to limit the movement of one of the shaft structures to be installed. The installation shaft structure equipped with a bearing cover needs to be restricted after being placed on the loading platform 31 to prevent the fixing bolts from shifting due to the tilt of the installation shaft structure before tightening, so that the tightening portion 32 cannot reach the fixing bolts for tightening.

[0063] The main mission of the limit part 311 is to accurately fix the mounting shaft structure carrying the bearing cover on the dispensing table 31, so as to ensure that the subsequent tightening operation can be carried out in a stable and interference-free environment. The importance of this process is self-evident, because any slight displacement or shaking may affect the tightening effect of the bolt, and then affect the performance and life of the entire mechanical structure. In order to achieve this goal, the limit part 311 is usually in the form of a fixed clamp. The fixed clamp is a device that fixes the workpiece in a specific position by physical means. In this application, the fixed clamp firmly clamps the mounting shaft structure through its unique clamping jaw design. The clamp can not only fit closely to the surface of the mounting shaft structure to ensure the stability of the clamping, but also has a high degree of flexibility and adjustability. This flexibility is reflected in the movement of the clamp, which can be either a manual clamp or a manual clamp. It can be manual control or automatic control. In manual control mode, the operator can accurately control the movement trajectory and force of the clamp through the clever combination of the screw and the threaded sleeve to achieve precise fixation of the installation shaft structure. Although this method requires certain manual operation skills, its advantages are intuitive and controllable, and it can flexibly respond to various challenges under complex working conditions. The automatic control mode is a microcosm of modern industrial automation. Through the precise control of driving devices such as motors and cylinders, the clamp can automatically approach the installation shaft structure and apply appropriate clamping force. This process does not require human intervention, which greatly improves production efficiency and operation accuracy. At the same time, with the continuous development of intelligent technology, these driving devices can also be integrated with sensors, control systems, etc. to form a complete automated assembly system to achieve more efficient and precise assembly operations.

[0064] The press-fitting process of the shaft and the bearing and the tightening process of the fixing bolts on the bearing cover are as follows: first, different shafts are placed into the corresponding positioning blocks 11 to complete the positioning, and then different lower pressing heads 42 are installed on the positioning blocks 11 on the lower side of the corresponding upper pressing heads 41, and then the bearing is placed on the installed lower pressing head 42 to align the inner ring of the bearing with the outer circumference of the shaft, and then the linear module 27 is started, and the linear module 27 drives the connecting seat 26 to move toward the top of one of the upper pressing heads 41, and the connecting seat 26 drives the tightening part 32 to move together. After the tightening part 32 moves to the top of one of the upper pressing heads 41 that has not been pressed, the linear module 27 is closed, and the driving cylinder 25 is started. The driving cylinder 25 drives the mounting seat 22 to move toward the upper pressing head 41, and the floating pressure head 21 moves with the mounting seat 22 until it contacts the upper pressing head 41 and pushes the upper pressing head 41 to move toward the lower pressing head 42. The head 41 gradually contacts the bearing under the push of the floating pressure head 21 and pushes the bearing toward the bearing until the bearing is pressed onto the shaft. After the bearing is pressed onto one end of the shaft, the floating pressure head 21 moves up, and the upper pressure head 41 returns to the initial position. Then the lower pressure head 42 is taken out, and the shaft in the positioning block 11 is rotated one hundred and eighty degrees and then placed into the positioning block 11. Then the lower pressure head 42 is reinstalled, and a new bearing is placed, and the press-fitting work is performed again. After the shaft and bearing are pressed, the bearing cover is sleeved on the corresponding bearing to cover the bearing, and then the fixing bolt is initially screwed into the mounting hole on the bearing cover. Then the shaft is placed on the sub-assembly table 31, and the shaft is fixed with the limiting part 311. At the same time, the fixing bolt on the bearing cover is aligned with the tightening part 32, and the lifting assembly is started to drive the tightening part 32 to move toward the fixing bolt until it contacts the tightening bolt and then the tightening part 32 is started to tighten the fixing bolt on the bearing cover to complete the tightening operation.

[0065] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. All equivalent structural changes made by using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings under the concept of the present invention, or directly / indirectly applied in other related technical fields are included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A press-fitting and tightening device, It is characterized in that include: The frame is provided with a plurality of positioning blocks arranged along the left and right directions; A plurality of pressing head assemblies, wherein the plurality of pressing head assemblies are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of positioning blocks; A press-fitting assembly is arranged on the frame, the press-fitting assembly comprises a connecting seat arranged on the frame, and a press-fitting part which can be movably installed in the up-down direction relative to the connecting seat, and the connecting seat can move toward the left and right sides; as well as, A tightening assembly, comprising a tightening part movably arranged on the frame; Wherein, each of the press head assemblies is used to support the bearing, and is used to align a group of shafts to be installed with the corresponding positioning blocks for initial installation. The connecting seat is movable, and the press-fitting part presses the bearings in the group of shafts to be installed after the alignment is completed, so as to form an installation shaft structure; After the mounting shaft structure is installed in the housing and the bearing cover is initially installed on the housing, the tightening part tightens the corresponding fixing bolts on the bearing cover.

2. The press-fitting and tightening device according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The pressure head assembly comprises: An upper pressure head is movably arranged on the frame, and the upper pressure head is used to push the bearing: The pressing head is detachably arranged on the positioning block, and the pressing head is used to locate the placement position of the bearing.

3. The press-fitting and tightening device according to claim 2, It is characterized in that The upper pressing head is located above the lower pressing head, and the upper pressing head moves toward or away from the lower pressing head to press the bearing onto the corresponding shaft to be installed.

4. The press-fitting and tightening device according to claim 2, It is characterized in that The upper pressure head includes a movable seat, an elastic member and a telescopic block. The movable seat is movably arranged on the frame. The elastic member is arranged in the movable seat and extends toward the lower pressure head. The telescopic block is arranged on a side of the elastic member facing the lower pressure head and is slidably connected to the inside of the movable seat. The telescopic block is used to push the bearing.

5. The press-fitting and tightening device according to claim 2, It is characterized in that A detection component is arranged on the frame, and the detection component is arranged corresponding to one of the upper pressing heads, and the detection component is used to detect the press-fitting process of one of the shafts to be installed.

6. The press-fitting and tightening device according to claim 2, It is characterized in that The press-fitting assembly further comprises a linear module, which is arranged on the frame, and the connecting seat is arranged on the linear module, and the linear module is used for driving the connecting seat to move left and right.

7. The press-fitting and tightening device according to claim 6, It is characterized in that The press-fitting portion comprises: A driving cylinder is disposed in the connecting seat, and one end of the driving cylinder facing the upper pressure head penetrates the connecting seat, and one end of the driving cylinder facing the upper pressure head is provided with a mounting seat, and the driving cylinder drives the mounting seat to move toward or away from the upper pressure head; and, The floating pressure head is arranged on a side of the mounting seat facing the upper pressure head portion, and the floating pressure head moves toward or away from the upper pressure head portion along with the connecting seat.

8. The press-fitting and tightening device according to claim 7, It is characterized in that A plurality of guide rods are arranged on the mounting seat, a limit block is arranged at one end of the guide rod away from the upper pressure head assembly, and a guide sleeve for the guide rod to pass through is arranged on the connecting seat, and the limit block is located on a side of the guide sleeve away from the mounting seat to limit the moving distance of the mounting seat.

9. The press-fitting and tightening device according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The tightening assembly also includes: A dispensing table, arranged in the frame, for placing the shell; A lifting device is arranged on the frame and located above the dispensing platform. The tightening part is arranged on the lifting device and is used to drive the tightening part to move toward or away from the dispensing platform.

10. The press-fitting and tightening device according to claim 9, It is characterized in that A limiting portion is arranged on the sub-assembly platform, and the limiting portion is used to limit the movement of one of the shaft structures to be installed.

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