Large lateral fixing structure for bearing load in annular area
The lateral fixing structure efficiently converts annular loads into concentrated loads using a composite structure of an annular track bracket, vertical beams, and inclined beams, enhancing stability and material utilization in heavy-load conditions.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411257000.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-09
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-13
AI Technical Summary
Existing structures for bearing large horizontal annular loads in rotating bodies are inefficient and limited by steel plate processing technology, leading to instability and high material utilization challenges, especially in heavy-load conditions.
A lateral fixing structure comprising an annular track bracket, vertical beams, and inclined beams, with a shell structure, that disperses annular loads into concentrated point loads and stabilizes complex stresses through a four-part composite structure made of high-strength steel and carbon fiber composite materials.
Enhances load bearing efficiency and material utilization by converting annular loads into longitudinal concentrated loads, improving stability and reducing the reliance on steel plate thickness, while maintaining structural integrity under heavy loads.
Smart Images
Figure CN119117915A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of structural bearing devices, and in particular relates to a lateral fixing structure for bearing loads in a large annular area. Background Art
[0002] At present, large horizontal annular loads are generally applied to rotating bodies and related working conditions. The related engineering designs are relatively discrete, and the main source is that the structure is designed separately according to the specific model. Among them, the rotating offshore cranes (crane ships) and dock cranes are supported by cylindrical beams, and the rotating body and the fixed body are connected by large slewing bearings and annular distribution bolts. The ring rail crane uses a pad to transition from the ring track to the flat foundation. As for the mobile annular bearing structure, the super-large bucket wheel excavator has a beam structure with a cylindrical ring center, a vertical plate sandwich transition to the end, and upper and lower horizontal plates, which converts the annular load into an end point load (this structure is also used in port rail cranes). The "sandwich" structure is conducive to bearing the bending moment caused by load transfer. At the same time, the mixed curve side plate derived from the traditional beam structure is also conducive to optimization for working conditions.
[0003] In the field of large crawler cranes, the structures are all designed by modifying and adding structures to the ends of rectangular-section box beams, and laying circular tracks on the top. The circular tracks are accommodated in the circular inscribed and circumscribed areas after splicing rectangular frames. At the same time, both rely on small-radius slewing bearings connected by independent beams at the center to handle complex directional stresses (the circular track itself is only under pressure).
[0004] The above structures are all constructed by bending and welding high-strength steel plates. Crawler cranes use spliced beams because of their transportation requirements, and the load position and direction are converted using box beams. This is a realistic empirical method in terms of small tonnage and the current development status of the industry, but it is limited by the steel plate processing technology and the structural disadvantages of the inner and outer tangent circles of the box beam. It is not efficient in large and heavy-load structures, and part of its stability depends on the bending and torsion resistance brought by the thickness of the steel plate. Summary of the invention
[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a lateral fixing structure for loads in a large bearing annular area, which is a structure that more efficiently converts plane annular loads into scattered point (line) loads on all sides, and at the same time, fully utilizes the annular load surface itself to resist complex stresses under the premise of heavy load and high space occupancy requirements.
[0006] A lateral fixed structure for bearing loads in a large annular area, comprising an annular track bracket, vertical beams and inclined beams connected to the annular track bracket, and a shell structure outside the vertical beams and the inclined beams; the annular track bracket has a certain rigidity for dispersing concentrated loads; the vertical beams and the inclined beams are used to bear the main loads; the vertical beams are arranged radially, and the divergent ends are rigidly connected to the annular track bracket in sequence along the curved surface, and the concentrated ends are converged to the contact area; the inclined beams intersect with the vertical beams; a complete shell structure is constructed based on the edge of the vertical beam and the intersection line with the annular track bracket, which is used to stabilize the vertical beam and at the same time play a role in partial support and stress dispersion.
[0007] Furthermore, the annular track bracket is a hollow annular structure, and its cross-section can be regarded as a trapezoid. The lower base of the trapezoid is the top surface of the annular track bracket, and the two waists are side edges. The inner waist, that is, the waist on one side close to the overall axis of the annular track bracket, is grooved to form an oblique annular rail for bearing oblique upward pulling pressure.
[0008] Furthermore, the height of the annular track bracket does not exceed two-thirds of the overall height of the lateral fixing structure.
[0009] Furthermore, the four-part combined structure consisting of the vertical beam, the inclined beam and the shell structure is discretely distributed around the annular track bracket, and the distribution position is equivalent to the four corners of the rectangle, and the outer ring of the annular track bracket is located in the rectangle and coincides with its centroid; the four-part combined structure is connected end to end and connected to the annular track bracket to form an integrated structure;
[0010] There are four groups of contact areas, which are symmetrically distributed around the annular track bracket. The vertical beams and inclined beams radiating from a single group of contact areas connect one quarter of the annular track bracket. The connection method is intersection contact and welding, and the vertical beams are concentrated in one or two contact areas at the contact surface end.
[0011] Furthermore, a vertical beam is led out between the contact area and the annular bracket, the plane where the vertical beam is located is a vertical plane, one side of the vertical beam is the intersection line with the contact area, and the other side is the intersection line with the bottom and side surfaces of the annular track bracket, and the two side edges are connected by straight lines and broken lines, wherein the top edge is connected to the two side endpoints with a straight edge, and the bottom edge is connected to the two sides with a continuous horizontal edge and a beveled edge, or is also connected to the two side endpoints with a straight edge.
[0012] Furthermore, no less than 2 and no more than 6 vertical beams are led out from the contact area, and the vertical beams are connected along the outer circle of the annular track bracket, and the connection positions are arranged in sequence at approximately equal distances.
[0013] Furthermore, an inclined beam is arranged between the contact area and the annular track bracket, extending from the top of the outer side surface of the annular track bracket to the bottom of the contact area, the inclined beam and the annular track bracket are in intersection contact and welded, the shape of the intersection line between the inclined beam and the side surface of the annular track bracket is a circular arc, and the intersection line covers an area slightly smaller than one quarter of the outer side surface of the annular track bracket; the intersection line of the inclined beam and the contact area is determined by the boundary defined by the outer edge of each bundle of vertical beams, and the two intersection lines are connected by a straight edge, and the inclined beam and the vertical beam are interspersed with each other to form a three-dimensional structure.
[0014] Furthermore, a shell structure with a covering property is set between the vertical beam, the inclined beam and the annular track bracket; the contact intersection line between the shell structure and the annular track bracket is within the bottom surface and the outer side surface of the annular track bracket; the shell structure between the divergent vertical beams, that is, the top and bottom covering the lower inclined surface of the annular track bracket uses the edge of the vertical beam as a reference to determine the boundary or bending line of the shell plate to cover the edge of the vertical beam. If there are two bundles of vertical beams radiating from the two vertical lines as the center, each vertical line represents that this is the baseline for leading the vertical beam to connect other structures, then a transverse shell auxiliary plate is added between the vertical beams and the shell structure between the two bundles of vertical beams remains complete and continuous; a shell structure is set between the annular track bracket part and the contact area. The inclined shell plate covers the outer side surface and the bottom surface of the annular track bracket from top to bottom to the boundary of the contact area; the inclined shell plate is based on a triangle shape, and the endpoints of each triangle are derived from: the two ends of the intersection line of the outer side surface of the annular track bracket and the two ends of the intersection line of the bottom surface, the bottom end of the contact area boundary, the two ends of the top edge of the vertical beam at the boundary of the contact area, and the two ends of the hypotenuse of the inclined shell plate, that is, the straight edge close to this side. The above endpoints are used as a reference to determine a complete continuous shell structure surrounded by several triangular planes; the contact area is covered with a flat shell plate, and the outermost vertical beam is used as the boundary to form a closed and continuous shell structure, wherein the intersection line with the annular track bracket is an arc with a smaller curvature, which is also regarded as one side of the triangle.
[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
[0016] The present invention provides a structure that converts a larger plane annular load into a longitudinal concentrated load with a higher material utilization rate and a more efficient load bearing rate. Compared with the traditional box beam design, the radial vertical beams provided by the present invention have clearer and more direct directions, which not only improve the utilization efficiency of the beams, but also are more tolerant of the thickness and welding requirements of the high-strength steel plates required for beam manufacturing. The shell structure designed by the present invention is also more in line with the load bearing requirements, the functionality of each part is clearer, and the stress changes of each part of the structure are relatively smooth under the conditions of heavy load and discrete distribution of load in the annular area. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0017] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the annular track bracket.
[0018] Figure 2It is the overall schematic diagram of the ring track bracket.
[0019] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the contact area.
[0020] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the vertical beam and the inclined beam.
[0021] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the vertical beam, the inclined beam and the annular track support.
[0022] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the contact intersection line between the shell structure and the annular track bracket.
[0023] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the arrangement of inclined triangular plates in the shell structure.
[0024] Figure 8 The present invention provides a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a lateral fixing structure for carrying loads in a large annular area. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0025] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
[0026] like Figure 8 As shown, the present invention provides a lateral fixed structure for bearing loads in a large annular area, which can be regarded as consisting of three parts: an annular track bracket, vertical beams and inclined beams connected thereto, and a shell structure outside the beam. The annular track bracket has a certain rigidity and can disperse concentrated loads; the vertical beams and inclined beams bear the main loads, the vertical beams are approximately radial, the divergent ends are rigidly connected to the annular bracket in sequence along the curved surface, and the concentrated ends converge to the contact area. The inclined beams are inclined to intersect with the longitudinal beams to increase stability while sharing part of the load. A structure hinged to other structures can be directly set on the fixed surface of the concentrated end; a complete shell structure is constructed based on the edge of the vertical beam and the intersection line with the annular track bracket, which can not only stabilize the vertical beams, but also play a role in partial support and stress dispersion. Each part is rigidly connected in combination with lines and surfaces.
[0027] The present invention is mainly realized by using high-strength steel: the annular track bracket is made of bent high-manganese steel, and the pressure surface of the track can be made by a casting and then cutting process; all structures can be made by cutting, bending and welding high-strength steel plates, and except for the annular component (which is also a simple conic curve and is convenient for bending), all can be spliced by flat plate materials; in addition, the tensile part can also be covered with carbon fiber composite materials to further reduce weight.
[0028] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the load from the annular area is loaded onto the annular track bracket. The annular track bracket adopts a hollow shell structure, and its cross section can be regarded as a trapezoid: the lower base of the trapezoid is at the top (horizontal), and the two waists are the sides. The lower base of the trapezoid (upper force-bearing surface) bears pressure horizontally or at a small angle to bear pressure and offset part of the centrifugal force. The inner waist (i.e., the waist on one side close to the overall axis of the annular bracket) can be slotted to make an oblique ring track to bear the upward pulling pressure.
[0029] The annular track bracket is a circular ring that gradually narrows from the top (top ring track contact surface) to the bottom, and the height of the ring body generally does not exceed two-thirds of the total height of the structure.
[0030] The four-part composite structure composed of vertical beams, inclined beams and shell structures is discretely distributed around the annular track support, and the distribution position is equivalent to the four corners of the rectangle. The outer ring of the annular track support is located in the rectangle and coincides with its centroid; the four-part composite structure is connected end to end and connected to the annular track support to form an integrated structure; the contact area where the connection position is located is close to the full height of the structure, that is, the bottom is located at the lowest point of the structure and the top is slightly lower than the facade of the annular track support.
[0031] like Figure 3 As shown, there are four groups of contact areas, which are symmetrically distributed around the annular track bracket. The vertical beams and inclined beams emitted from a single group of contact areas connect a quarter of the annular track bracket. The connection method is intersection contact and welding, and the vertical beams are concentrated in one or two contact areas at the contact surface end. The four groups of contact areas are axisymmetric, that is, they are symmetrical about both the x-axis and the y-axis, and the vertical beams are emitted to connect to various parts of the entire annular bracket. The connection positions are approximately equidistantly distributed.
[0032] A vertical beam is drawn between the contact area and the annular support, and the plane where the vertical beam is located is a vertical plane. One side of the vertical beam is the intersection line with the contact area, and the other side (several) sides are the intersection lines with the bottom and side surfaces of the torus. The two sides are connected by straight lines and broken lines, wherein the top side is connected to the two end points by straight edges; the bottom side is connected to the two sides by continuous horizontal edges and oblique edges, or the two end points are also connected by straight edges.
[0033] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, no less than 2 and no more than 6 vertical beams are drawn out from the contact area (the example draws out 4 vertical beams and 1 bifurcated vertical beam), and each vertical beam is connected to the annular bracket along the outer ring, and the connection positions are approximately equidistant and arranged in sequence. There are four groups of contact areas distributed at the four corners, and each group of contact areas contains one or two contact areas. The beams diverging from a single group of contact areas connect to a quarter of the area of the annular bracket, and the connection method is intersection contact and welding, and the vertical beams are concentrated in one or two contact areas at the contact surface end. Therefore, if the whole is viewed from a top-down perspective, the vertical beams are radially concentrated and divergent from the contact area end to various parts of the annular bracket.
[0034] An inclined beam is arranged between the contact area and the annular track bracket, extending from the top of the outer side surface of the annular track bracket to the bottom of the contact area. The inclined beam and the annular track bracket are in contact and welded at an intersection line. The shape of the intersection line between the inclined beam and the side surface of the annular track bracket is an arc, and the intersection line covers an area slightly smaller than one quarter of the outer side surface of the annular track bracket. The intersection line of the inclined beam and the contact area is determined by the boundary defined by the outer edge of each bundle of vertical beams, and the two intersection lines are connected by a straight edge. The inclined beam and the vertical beam are interspersed with each other to form a three-dimensional structure.
[0035] The divergence angle, number and thickness of the divergent vertical beams shall meet the material strength requirements under the design conditions, and the thickness of the inclined beams shall also meet the above requirements.
[0036] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, a shell structure with a covering property is set between the vertical beam, the inclined beam and the annular track bracket; the contact intersection line between the shell structure and the annular track bracket is within the bottom surface and the outer side surface of the annular track bracket; the shell structure between the divergent vertical beams, i.e., the top and bottom of the shell structure covering the lower inclined surface of the annular track bracket, uses the edge of the vertical beam as a reference to determine the boundary or bending line of the shell plate, so as to cover the edge of the vertical beam. If there are two bundles of vertical beams diverging from the two vertical lines (such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown in the figure, two vertical beams are radiated from the two vertical lines as the center, and each vertical line represents that a vertical beam can be drawn from here as the baseline to connect other structures), then a transverse shell auxiliary plate (such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, a horizontal plate is added between each beam bundle) and the shell structure between the two vertical beams remains complete and continuous; an inclined shell plate is set between the annular track bracket part and the contact area to cover the outer side surface and the bottom surface of the annular track bracket from top to bottom to the boundary of the contact area; the inclined shell plate is based on a triangle, and the endpoints of each triangle are: the two ends of the intersection line of the outer side surface of the annular track bracket and the two ends of the intersection line of the bottom surface, the bottom end of the contact area boundary, the two ends of the top edge of the vertical beam at the boundary of the contact area, and the two ends of the straight edge close to the side of the inclined shell plate. The above endpoints are used as a reference to determine a complete continuous shell structure surrounded by several triangular planes; the contact area is covered with a flat shell plate, and the outermost vertical beam is used as the boundary to form a closed and continuous shell structure, wherein the intersection line with the annular track bracket is an arc with a smaller curvature, which is also regarded as one side of the triangle.
[0037] The above structures all use the method of line contact of the plate and welding seams to achieve integrity and rigidity. In order to ensure the efficiency of load transfer with the annular bracket, and to minimize the use of the bending and torsion resistance of the plate's own thickness while reducing the difficulty of the processing technology, a multi-triangular plane is used to fit the vertical beam boundary and the annular track bracket. The four-part composite structure composed of the vertical beam, the inclined beam and the shell structure is discretely distributed around the annular track bracket, and the distribution position is equivalent to the four corners of the rectangle. The outer ring of the annular track bracket is located in the rectangle and coincides with its centroid; the four-part composite structure is connected end to end and connected to the annular track bracket to form an integrated structure; the shell structure and the beam structure show consistent symmetry, that is, each adjacent quarter structure is axially symmetrical. The four-part structure is connected end to end: the annular track bracket is an integrated structure, and the shell and the beam are connected at the ends of the overall structure after welding to form a complete structure.
[0038] According to the actual working conditions (calculated structure), the inclination angle of the vertical beam is changed and the most suitable inclination angle is selected; the plates of different shapes are stacked to achieve more efficient use of the vertical beam material, and this method can also be used for the shell structure. The inclined beam is changed to a folded surface, that is, two or three continuous planes with smaller folded angles to cope with the differences in the spatial distribution of the force of different vertical beams to achieve more uniform material stress.
[0039] Due to the cost and processing complexity, the top shell structure can be changed to a coplanar flat plate (similar to the shape of an inclined plate) covering the top surface, and the top edge of the vertical beam can be slightly extended out of the top shell cover plate or modified to the intersection with the shell cover plate for the integrity of the shell structure. The inclined surface of the multi-triangular plane at the bottom of the inner ring bracket can be changed to a single curved surface covering the vertical beam, etc., but the overall structure on the outside should maintain the continuous covering of the shell on the outer side and bottom of the ring track bracket, the continuous contact of the vertical beam on the outer side and bottom, and the continuous contact of the inclined beam on the outer side.
[0040] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A lateral fixing structure for a large load-bearing annular area, characterized in that: It includes an annular track bracket, a vertical beam and an inclined beam connected to the annular track bracket, and a shell structure outside the vertical beam and the inclined beam; the annular track bracket has a certain rigidity and is used to disperse the concentrated load; the vertical beam and the inclined beam are used to bear the main load; the vertical beams are arranged radially, and the divergent ends are rigidly connected to the annular track bracket in sequence along the curved surface, and the concentrated ends are converged to the contact area; the inclined beams intersect with the vertical beams; a complete shell structure is constructed based on the edge of the vertical beam and the intersection line with the annular track bracket, which is used to stabilize the vertical beam and at the same time play a role of partial support and stress dispersion.
2. A lateral fixing structure for loads in a large annular area according to claim 1, characterized in that: The annular track bracket is a hollow annular structure, and its cross section can be regarded as a trapezoid. The lower base of the trapezoid is the top surface of the annular track bracket, and the two waists are side edges. The inner waist, that is, the waist on one side close to the overall axis of the annular track bracket, is grooved to form an oblique annular track for bearing oblique upward pulling pressure.
3. A lateral fixing structure for loads in a large annular area according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height of the annular track bracket does not exceed two-thirds of the overall height of the lateral fixing structure.
4. A lateral fixing structure for loads in a large annular area according to claim 1, characterized in that: The four-part composite structure consisting of the vertical beam, the inclined beam and the shell structure is discretely distributed around the annular track support, and the distribution position is equivalent to the four corners of the rectangle. The outer ring of the annular track support is located in the rectangle and coincides with its centroid; the four-part composite structure is connected end to end and connected to the annular track support to form an integrated structure; There are four groups of contact areas, which are symmetrically distributed around the annular track bracket. The vertical beams and inclined beams radiating from a single group of contact areas connect one quarter of the annular track bracket. The connection method is intersection contact and welding, and the vertical beams are concentrated in one or two contact areas at the contact surface end.
5. A lateral fixing structure for loads in a large annular area according to claim 4, characterized in that: A vertical beam is drawn between the contact area and the annular bracket, the plane where the vertical beam is located is a vertical plane, one side of the vertical beam is the intersection line with the contact area, and the other side is the intersection line with the bottom and side surfaces of the annular track bracket, and the two side edges are connected by straight lines and broken lines, wherein the top edge is connected to the two side endpoints with a straight edge, and the bottom edge is connected to the two sides with a continuous horizontal edge and a beveled edge, or the two side endpoints are also connected with a straight edge.
6. A lateral fixing structure for loads in a large annular area according to claim 5, characterized in that: No less than 2 and no more than 6 vertical beams are led out from the contact area, and the vertical beams are connected along the outer circle of the annular track bracket, and the connection positions are arranged in sequence with approximately equidistant intervals.
7. A lateral fixing structure for loads in a large annular area according to claim 5, characterized in that: An inclined beam is arranged between the contact area and the annular track bracket, extending from the top of the outer side surface of the annular track bracket to the bottom of the contact area. The inclined beam and the annular track bracket are in contact and welded at an intersection line. The shape of the intersection line between the inclined beam and the side surface of the annular track bracket is an arc, and the intersection line covers an area slightly smaller than one quarter of the outer side surface of the annular track bracket. The intersection line of the inclined beam and the contact area is determined by the boundary defined by the outer edge of each bundle of vertical beams, and the two intersection lines are connected by a straight edge. The inclined beam and the vertical beam are interspersed with each other to form a three-dimensional structure.
8. A lateral fixing structure for loads in a large annular area according to claim 7, characterized in that: A shell structure with a covering property is set between the vertical beam, the inclined beam and the annular track bracket; the contact intersection line between the shell structure and the annular track bracket is within the bottom surface and the outer side surface of the annular track bracket; the shell structure between the divergent vertical beams, that is, the top and bottom of the shell structure covering the lower inclined surface of the annular track bracket uses the edge of the vertical beam as a reference to determine the boundary or bending line of the shell plate to cover the edge of the vertical beam. If two beams of vertical beams are diverged from the two vertical lines as the center, each vertical line represents that this is the baseline for leading the vertical beam to connect other structures, then a transverse shell auxiliary plate is added between the vertical beams and the shell structure between the two beams of vertical beams remains complete and continuous; an inclined shell is set between the annular track bracket part and the contact area The body plate covers the outer side surface and the bottom surface of the annular track bracket from top to bottom to the boundary of the contact area; the inclined shell plate is based on a triangle shape, and the endpoints of each triangle are derived from: the two ends of the intersection line of the outer side surface of the annular track bracket and the two ends of the intersection line of the bottom surface, the bottom end of the contact area boundary, the two ends of the top edge of the vertical beam at the boundary of the contact area, and the two ends of the hypotenuse of the inclined shell plate, that is, the straight edge close to this side. The above endpoints are used as a reference to determine a complete continuous shell structure surrounded by several triangular planes; the contact area is covered with a flat shell plate, and the outermost vertical beam is used as the boundary to form a closed and continuous shell structure, in which the intersection line with the annular track bracket is an arc with a smaller curvature, which is also regarded as one side of the triangle.