Solvent-based cleaning agent for replacing dichloromethane as well as preparation method and application of solvent-based cleaning agent

Abstract

The invention discloses a solvent type cleaning agent for replacing dichloromethane, which is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 70-90 parts of hydrocarbon solvent D40; 0 to 15 parts of chlorinated methoxy fatty acid methyl ester; and 0-15 parts of butanediol diacetate, wherein the number of parts of the chloro-methoxy fatty acid methyl ester or butanediol diacetate is not 0 at the same time. Compared with the existing dichloromethane cleaning agent, the cleaning agent disclosed by the invention has the advantages of low toxicity, low volatilization amount, no corrosivity, low VOC (Volatile Organic Compounds), certain anti-rust capability and no key control pollutant CFC113, carbon tetrachloride and trichloroethylene.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of environmentally friendly cleaning agents, in particular to a solvent-type cleaning agent for replacing dichloromethane, and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] During the manufacturing process, mechanical equipment and parts will be contaminated by dust, oil and other pollutants, and need to be cleaned with solvent-based industrial cleaning agents such as dichloromethane. Solvent-based industrial cleaning agents play an important role in improving the product quality of the machinery manufacturing industry and the safe operation of mechanical equipment, and have advantages that cannot be replaced by water-based cleaning agents.

[0003] Therefore, it has gradually become the focus of attention to develop solvent-based cleaning agents that are friendly to the human body, relatively safe, have a moderate evaporation rate, and are beneficial to reducing VOC emissions.

[0004] ODS (ozone depleting substances) cleaning agents will be gradually and eventually eliminated from existing technologies.

[0005] Relevant regulations also prohibit the use of cleaning agents such as CFC113, carbon tetrachloride, trichloroethylene, etc., which are highly toxic and cause great damage to the environment. As this work progresses, dichloromethane has also been listed as a new key monitored pollutant. Therefore, industry insiders and cleaning agent users are actively seeking economical and applicable alternative routes and alternative products. Summary of the invention

[0006] The first aspect of the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a solvent-based cleaning agent for replacing dichloromethane, which has high relative safety, moderate volatilization speed, strong cleaning ability, is non-toxic, non-corrosive, does not produce ODS substances, and reduces VOC emissions. The cleaning agent is used to replace dichloromethane for cleaning.

[0007] The second aspect of the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the above-mentioned solvent-based cleaning agent.

[0008] The third aspect of the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide the use of the above-mentioned solvent-based cleaning agent.

[0009] A solvent-type cleaning agent for replacing dichloromethane as the first aspect of the present invention comprises the following components in parts by weight:

[0010] Hydrocarbon solvent D40 70-90 parts;

[0011] Chloromethoxy fatty acid methyl ester 0-15 parts;

[0012] 0-15 parts of butanediol diacetate, the parts of chloromethoxy fatty acid methyl ester or butanediol diacetate are not 0 at the same time.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the solvent-based cleaning agent used to replace dichloromethane comprises the following components in parts by weight:

[0014] 75-80 parts of hydrocarbon solvent D40;

[0015] 5-15 parts of chloromethoxy fatty acid methyl ester;

[0016] 5-15 parts of butanediol diacetate.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the solvent-based cleaning agent is a mixture of hydrocarbon solvent D40, chloromethoxy fatty acid methyl ester and butanediol diacetate, and the mixing weight ratio is 8:1:1.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the solvent-based cleaning agent is a mixture of hydrocarbon solvent D40, chloromethoxy fatty acid methyl ester and butanediol diacetate, and the mixing weight ratio is 5:1:1.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the solvent-based cleaning agent is a mixture of hydrocarbon solvent D40, chloromethoxy fatty acid methyl ester and butanediol diacetate, and the mixing weight ratio is 90:5:5.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the solvent-based cleaning agent is a mixture of hydrocarbon solvent D40 and butanediol diacetate, and the mixing weight ratio is 8:1.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the solvent-based cleaning agent is a mixture of hydrocarbon solvent D40 and butanediol diacetate, and the mixing weight ratio is 5:1.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the solvent-based cleaning agent is a mixture of hydrocarbon solvent D40 and butanediol diacetate, and the mixing weight ratio is 90:15.

[0023] As a second aspect of the present invention, a method for preparing a solvent-type cleaning agent for replacing dichloromethane comprises the following steps:

[0024] The first step is to use a vacuum pump to evacuate the reactor to a vacuum of -0.095 to -0.098 MPa, and close the vacuum valve;

[0025] The second step is to pump the hydrocarbon solvent D40 into the reactor according to the weight ratio and start stirring before proceeding to the next step;

[0026] The third step is to freeze and cool to 12-15° C., and then pump the chloromethoxy fatty acid methyl ester or the butanediol diacetate into the reaction kettle according to the weight ratio and stir;

[0027] The fourth step is to put the material in the reaction kettle into the distillation kettle for distillation, slowly raise the temperature to 250-300°C, distill under normal pressure, stop distillation when no more is produced, cool down, and proceed to the next step after distillation is completed;

[0028] The fifth step is to sieve to obtain the solvent-based cleaning agent.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the stirring speed in the second step and the third step is 60 rpm, and the stirring time is 30-35 minutes.

[0030] As a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a use of a solvent-type cleaning agent for replacing dichloromethane, wherein the use is for cleaning mechanical equipment and parts.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the parts are small parts and large parts with pores or deep holes, ultrasonic immersion cleaning, flowing liquid cleaning, spray gun cleaning, or compressed air blowing and then drying are adopted.

[0032] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0033] Compared with the existing dichloromethane cleaning agent, the invention has the advantages of low toxicity, low volatility, no corrosion, low VOC, certain rust prevention ability, and does not contain the key controlled pollutants CFC113, carbon tetrachloride, and trichloroethylene. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further described below.

[0035] 1) Effect of different ratios of hydrocarbon solvent D40 and chloromethoxy fatty acid methyl ester on drying rate. (Mass fraction %)

[0036] Experimental method: Spread a certain amount (5 grams) of solvents of various proportions evenly on a certain area (3847mm 2 ) on a watch glass, exposed to room temperature 24°C, and record the volatile amount within the specified time. (Since the volatile amount is a curve, only the volatile amount in the first 20 minutes is recorded)

[0037] Table 1: Drying time of different ratios of D40, chloromethoxy fatty acid methyl ester and butanediol diacetate

[0038]

[0039] It can be seen from Table 1 that the addition of chloromethoxy fatty acid methyl ester and butanediol diacetate can effectively reduce the volatilization rate of the cleaning agent. Adding a small amount of chloromethoxy fatty acid methyl ester and butanediol diacetate to D40 can effectively slow down the solvent drying speed and reduce the amount of solvent volatilization in the entire cleaning process, which is of great significance.

[0040] Compared with the dichloromethane completely volatilized within 20 minutes under the same conditions, the volatilization amount of the present invention is significantly reduced.

[0041] Therefore, in the present invention, the addition of a small amount of chloromethoxy fatty acid methyl ester is crucial.

[0042] 2) The influence of each component on VOC

[0043] In order to meet the requirements of laws and regulations, VOC was measured for different proportions of hydrocarbon solvent D40, chloromethoxy fatty acid methyl ester and butanediol diacetate. This measurement adopts the definition of VOC by the World Health Organization (WHO) - volatile organic compounds with a melting point below room temperature and a boiling point between (50-260℃).

[0044] Table 2: VOC determination of hydrocarbon solvent D40, chloromethoxy fatty acid methyl ester and butanediol diacetate in different proportions.

[0045]

[0046] From the experimental data in the above table, it can be concluded that the amount of chloromethoxy fatty acid methyl ester added has a decisive influence on the VOC of the product.

[0047] Therefore, the content of chloromethoxy fatty acid methyl ester is preferably greater than 5 parts.

[0048] 3) Impact on industrial oil cleaning rate

[0049] In order to achieve the ideal cleaning effect, the cleaning rate of cleaning agents with different ratios was tested.

[0050] Experimental method: prepare an immersion tank and an iron oil stain test block (the oil stain is composed of lubricating oil, grease, dust, and rust). First add the prepared cleaning agent into the immersion tank, then immerse the test block, soak for 30 minutes, take it out, and wipe it dry.

[0051] The configuration methods of each cleaning agent in Table 3 below are as follows:

[0052] (1) First, use a vacuum pump to evacuate the reactor to a vacuum of -0.095 to -0.098 MPa, and close the vacuum valve;

[0053] (2) High-purity hydrocarbon solvent D40 is pumped into the reactor according to the weight ratio and stirring is started before proceeding to the next step;

[0054] (3) After freezing and cooling to 12-15° C., chloromethoxy fatty acid methyl ester is pumped into the reaction kettle according to the ratio and stirred for 30-35 minutes before proceeding to the next step at a stirring speed of 60 rpm;

[0055] (4) After freezing and cooling to 12-15° C., butanediol diacetate was added to the reaction kettle according to the weight ratio and stirred for 30-35 minutes before proceeding to the next step at a stirring speed of 60 rpm;

[0056] (5) Place the material in the reactor into a distillation kettle for distillation, slowly raise the temperature to 280°C, distill at normal pressure, stop distillation when no more is produced, and cool down. After distillation is completed, proceed to the next step;

[0057] (6) Discharge the material through a 500-mesh filter to obtain the cleaning agent.

[0058] Table 3: Cleaning and drying of iron test blocks (air temperature 24°C) (selected partial data)

[0059]

[0060]

[0061] Based on the test results in Table 3 and actual use, the inventors found that under normal usage:

[0062] The hydrocarbon solvent D40: chloromethoxy fatty acid methyl ester: butanediol diacetate reaches 8:1:1, which can meet the cleaning needs.

[0063] 4) Effect of raw hydrocarbon solvent D40 / chloromethoxy fatty acid methyl ester / butylene glycol diacetate on corrosion of steel and aluminum.

[0064] Experimental method: Weigh the steel, aluminum and plastic test blocks and place them in three immersion tanks containing hydrocarbon solvent D40 / chloromethoxy fatty acid methyl ester / butanediol diacetate reagent respectively. Soak for 24 hours, take them out, wipe them with a dry cloth, dry them, and weigh them.

[0065] Table 4 Effect of hydrocarbon solvent D40 / chloromethoxy fatty acid methyl ester / butanediol diacetate on corrosion of steel and aluminum.

[0066]

[0067] This product is suitable for cleaning steel and aluminum products, but not for cleaning plastic products.

[0068] 5) Test on cleaning power of metal anti-rust hard film

[0069] The metal anti-rust hard film was scrubbed and dipped, and the cleaning power was tested. The cleaning power test method is: 3 grams of the metal anti-rust hard film is applied to the metal rod and the paint surface, and dried in an oven (50 degrees, 2 hours). After weighing with a balance scale, scrubbed, dipped, dried, and weighed with a balance scale to calculate the cleaning power. The cleaning effect is good or bad in order {(good: cleaning power 100%), (satisfactory: cleaning power 95-99%), (unsatisfactory: cleaning power 90%-95%), (unable: cleaning power <90%)}.

[0070] Select some data

[0071] Table 5: Cleaning power test of metal anti-rust hard film

[0072]

[0073] From the cleaning effect, the inventors of the present invention found that the cleaning is better when the hydrocarbon solvent D40: chloromethoxy fatty acid methyl ester: butanediol diacetate is used in a mass ratio within the range of 80:10:10 to 75:15:10. At this time, compared with the damage to the paint by dichloromethane, the advantage is obvious.

[0074] 6) Clean the oil stains on the surface of the machine tool (there is paint on the surface of the machine tool). (Use quality components)

[0075] Table 6 Cleaning of oil stains on machine tool surfaces (selected partial data)

[0076]

[0077] For cleaning of oil stains on the surface of machine tools, Formula 3 in Table 6 has the best cleaning effect, but it is slightly corrosive to the paint surface of the machine tools. Formula 2 in Table 6 can achieve a better cleaning effect, and the corrosion to the paint is not obvious.

[0078] The formula 1 in Table 6 has a slightly poor cleaning effect on the oil stains on the paint surface, but it does not corrode the paint. Therefore, different proportions of cleaning agents are selected according to actual needs to meet customer needs.

[0079] 7) Effect of marker ink cleaning technology:

[0080] In modern industrial production, in order to improve production efficiency and reduce the occurrence of errors, production workers and technicians directly write marking symbols on metal products with a marker pen and remove the marker pen before packaging the finished product. (Table 7 extracts part of the experiment, Table 7 is the quality component)

[0081] Table 7

[0082]

[0083] After testing, the formulas 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 can all remove marker pen marks, but relatively speaking, the effect of formula 4 in Table 7 is better and it is easier to remove the marks.

[0084] 8) Anti-rust test technology effect:

[0085] In the process of manufacturing mechanical equipment, some equipment parts need to be placed for a period of time after they are manufactured. During this period of time, the equipment parts need to have a certain degree of rust prevention ability, which is usually achieved by applying anti-rust oil (liquid). The present invention uses the cleaning agent itself to isolate air to meet the rust prevention needs between processes, reduce operating steps, and improve overall production efficiency. (Table 8 extracts part of the experiment, Table 8 is the mass component)

[0086] Table 8

[0087]

[0088] After experiments, it was found that formulas 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 in Table 8 all had certain anti-rust capabilities, among which formula 1 had the best anti-rust effect.

[0089] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. The present invention may be subject to various changes and improvements without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. These changes and improvements fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A solvent-based cleaning agent for replacing dichloromethane, characterized in that: Calculated by weight, it includes the following components: Hydrocarbon solvent D40 70-90 parts; Chloromethoxy fatty acid methyl ester 0-15 parts; 0-15 parts of butanediol diacetate, the parts of chloromethoxy fatty acid methyl ester or butanediol diacetate are not 0 at the same time.

2. A solvent-based cleaning agent for replacing dichloromethane as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The solvent-type cleaning agent used to replace dichloromethane comprises the following components in parts by weight: 75-80 parts of hydrocarbon solvent D40; 5-15 parts of chloromethoxy fatty acid methyl ester; 5-15 parts of butanediol diacetate.

3. A solvent-based cleaning agent for replacing dichloromethane as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The solvent-based cleaning agent is a mixture of hydrocarbon solvent D40, chloromethoxy fatty acid methyl ester and butanediol diacetate, and the mixing weight ratio is 8:1:

1.

4. A solvent-based cleaning agent for replacing dichloromethane as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The solvent-based cleaning agent is a mixture of hydrocarbon solvent D40, chloromethoxy fatty acid methyl ester and butanediol diacetate, and the mixing weight ratio is 5:1:

1.

5. A solvent-based cleaning agent for replacing dichloromethane as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The solvent-based cleaning agent is a mixture of hydrocarbon solvent D40, chloromethoxy fatty acid methyl ester and butanediol diacetate, and the mixing weight ratio is 90:5:

5.

6. A solvent-based cleaning agent for replacing dichloromethane as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The solvent-based cleaning agent is a mixture of hydrocarbon solvent D40 and butanediol diacetate, and the mixing weight ratio is 8:

1.

7. A solvent-based cleaning agent for replacing dichloromethane as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The solvent-based cleaning agent is a mixture of hydrocarbon solvent D40 and butanediol diacetate, with a mixing weight ratio of 5:

1.

8. A solvent-based cleaning agent for replacing dichloromethane as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The solvent-based cleaning agent is a mixture of hydrocarbon solvent D40 and butanediol diacetate, with a mixing weight ratio of 90:

15.

9. A method for preparing a solvent-based cleaning agent for replacing dichloromethane as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The steps include: The first step is to use a vacuum pump to evacuate the reactor to a vacuum of -0.095 to -0.098 MPa, and close the vacuum valve; The second step is to pump the hydrocarbon solvent D40 into the reactor according to the weight ratio and start stirring before proceeding to the next step; The third step is to freeze and cool to 12-15° C., and then pump the chloromethoxy fatty acid methyl ester or the butanediol diacetate into the reaction kettle according to the weight ratio and stir; The fourth step is to put the material in the reaction kettle into the distillation kettle for distillation, slowly raise the temperature to 250-300°C, distill under normal pressure, stop distillation when no more is produced, cool down, and proceed to the next step after distillation is completed; The fifth step is to sieve to obtain the solvent-based cleaning agent.

10. Use of a solvent-based cleaning agent for replacing dichloromethane as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the use is for cleaning mechanical equipment and parts.

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