Anti-pulling three-dimensional vibration isolation support

Abstract

The invention discloses an anti-pulling three-dimensional vibration isolation support, and belongs to the technical field of civil engineering damping structures. The anti-pulling three-dimensional vibration isolation support comprises a top plate, a central lead core rubber support, a middle plate and a bottom plate, and further comprises a plurality of inclined support sets, the top ends of the inclined support sets are connected with the central lead core rubber support through the middle plate, the bottom ends of the inclined support sets are connected with the bottom plate, and the inclined support sets are the same in structure and each comprise a wedge body, an upper inclined lead core rubber support and an upper connecting block; the top end of the upper connecting block is connected with the middle plate. The bottom end of the upper connecting block is provided with a first slope. The upper end of the wedge body is provided with a second slope; the bottom end of the wedge body is connected with the bottom plate; the upper inclined lead core rubber support is arranged between the wedge body and the upper connecting block, and the top end of the upper inclined lead core rubber support is connected with the first inclined face. The anti-pulling three-dimensional vibration isolation support has excellent horizontal and vertical vibration isolation performance, horizontal vibration caused by ground vibration and vertical vibration generated by train operation are effectively isolated, and safety and stability of an upper building structure are guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of civil engineering shock-absorbing structures, and in particular to a pull-out-resistant three-dimensional vibration-isolating support. Background Art

[0002] As the core component of the vibration isolation technology system, the vibration isolation bearing is generally installed between the building and the foundation, and plays the role of a soft connection with the ground. When an earthquake occurs, the energy carried by the ground vibration is first transferred to the vibration isolation bearing, which can significantly reduce the transmission of earthquake energy to the upper structure. The vibration isolation bearing effectively reduces the dynamic response of the upper structure under the action of the earthquake by extending the natural vibration period of the upper structure, thereby reducing structural damage and damage to non-structural components.

[0003] The existing vibration isolation bearings studied are mainly two-dimensional vibration isolation bearings with rubber and steel plates alternately stacked, such as natural rubber vibration isolation bearings (LNR bearings), central lead rubber bearings (LRB bearings), high damping rubber vibration isolation bearings (HDR bearings), etc., all of which have shown significant blocking effects on horizontal vibration energy. However, in dealing with environmental vertical vibrations, these bearings show obvious limitations and lack corresponding vibration isolation capabilities. This type of two-dimensional vibration isolation bearing mainly relies on the elastic deformation and energy dissipation mechanism of rubber and steel plates to achieve isolation of horizontal vibrations. However, when facing vertical vibrations, due to the limitations of its design structure and material properties, it is unable to effectively absorb and disperse vertical vibration energy, resulting in the upper structure still being subject to greater vertical influences.

[0004] With the intensive development of transportation and urban construction, many cities have begun to build residential and commercial areas on the roofs of train depots and stations. During the design and construction process, these buildings and structures must not only meet the basic requirements of resisting earthquakes, but also deal with the vertical vibration problems caused by train operation. However, traditional two-dimensional vibration isolation bearings cannot meet the actual needs of modern urban construction when dealing with this complex vibration environment. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the problems in the prior art and to provide a pull-out resistant three-dimensional vibration isolation bearing that can simultaneously achieve dual control of horizontal vibration and vertical vibration, thereby having excellent horizontal and vertical vibration isolation performance, effectively isolating the horizontal vibration caused by earthquakes and the vertical vibration caused by train operation, and ensuring the safety and stability of the upper building structure.

[0006] The present invention provides a three-dimensional vibration isolation support with pull-out resistance, comprising a top plate, a central lead rubber support, an intermediate plate and a bottom plate, wherein the top plate is connected to a building structure, and the bottom plate is connected to a foundation, wherein the central lead rubber support is used to alleviate the vibration of the building structure in the horizontal direction, and further comprises:

[0007] A plurality of inclined support groups are arranged in a ring direction with the central lead rubber support as the center, the top ends of the plurality of inclined support groups are connected to the central lead rubber support through the middle plate, and the bottom ends of the plurality of inclined support groups are connected to the bottom plate. The plurality of inclined support groups are used to alleviate the vibration of the building structure in the vertical direction. The plurality of inclined support groups have the same structure, and all include a wedge, an upper inclined lead rubber support and an upper connecting block;

[0008] The top end of the upper connecting block is connected to the middle plate, and the bottom end of the upper connecting block is provided with a first inclined surface, and the first inclined surface forms an angle with the horizontal plane;

[0009] The upper end of the wedge is provided with a second inclined surface, the second inclined surface is parallel to the first inclined surface, and the bottom end of the wedge is connected to the bottom plate;

[0010] The upper inclined lead rubber bearing is arranged between the wedge and the upper connecting block, the top end of the upper inclined lead rubber bearing is connected to the first inclined surface, and the bottom end of the upper inclined lead rubber bearing is connected to the second inclined surface.

[0011] Preferably, a downward inclined lead rubber bearing is provided between the wedge and the base plate, a third inclined plane is provided at the bottom end of the wedge, the third inclined plane is symmetrical with the first inclined plane relative to the horizontal plane, the bottom end of the lower connecting block is connected to the top end of the base plate, a fourth inclined plane is provided at the top end of the lower connecting block, the fourth inclined plane is parallel to the third inclined plane, the top end of the downward inclined lead rubber bearing is connected to the third inclined plane, and the bottom end of the downward inclined lead rubber bearing is connected to the fourth inclined plane.

[0012] Preferably, a disc spring group is provided between the multiple inclined support groups, the disc spring group is vertically arranged, the top end of the disc spring group is connected to the middle plate, and the bottom end of the disc spring group is connected to the bottom plate, and the disc spring group is used to alleviate the vibration of the building structure in the vertical direction.

[0013] Preferably, the disc spring group includes an annular tube and a plurality of disc spring leaves, the top end of the annular tube is connected to the middle plate, the plurality of disc spring leaves are stacked on each other, the top ends of the plurality of disc spring leaves are connected to the bottom end of the annular tube, and the bottom ends of the plurality of disc spring leaves are connected to the top end of the bottom plate.

[0014] Preferably, the disc spring group is provided with a first through hole, a guide member is provided in the first through hole, the guide member includes an inner guide rod and an outer guide sleeve, the outer guide sleeve is vertically arranged in the first through hole, the bottom end of the outer guide sleeve is connected to the bottom plate, the top end of the inner guide rod is connected to the middle plate, a viscoelastic damping member is provided outside the inner guide rod, and the inner guide rod is slidably connected to the outer guide sleeve through the viscoelastic damping member.

[0015] Preferably, an upper guide rail is provided at the bottom end of the top plate, and a lower guide rail is provided at the top end of the middle plate, the upper guide rail is perpendicular to the lower guide rail, the upper guide rail is slidably connected to a slider, the slider is slidably connected to the lower guide rail, there is a vertical gap between the slider and the upper guide rail or between the slider and the lower guide rail, the upper guide rail can apply a vertical upward pulling force to the slider, and the slider can apply a vertical upward pulling force to the lower guide rail.

[0016] Preferably, a plurality of vertical guide devices are provided between the middle plate and the bottom plate, and the vertical guide devices include a sleeve and a piston, the sleeve is vertically arranged, the bottom end of the sleeve is connected to the bottom plate, the piston is slidably connected in the sleeve, and the piston rod of the piston is connected to the middle plate.

[0017] Preferably, a sleeve cover is provided on the sleeve, and the sleeve cover is used to prevent the piston from escaping from the sleeve.

[0018] Preferably, a viscoelastic damping layer is provided on the piston head of the piston, and the piston head is slidably connected to the sleeve via the viscoelastic damping layer.

[0019] Preferably, the surfaces of the upper guide rail and the lower guide rail are provided with polytetrafluoroethylene coatings, on which the slider can slide freely and smoothly.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the pull-out resistant three-dimensional vibration isolation bearing of the present invention, in which the central lead rubber bearing can effectively alleviate the vibration impact of the upper structure in the horizontal direction, thereby effectively alleviating the vibration of the building structure in the horizontal direction, and the compression deformation of the upper central lead rubber bearing 4, the compression shear deformation of the lower inclined LRB, and the vertical extrusion deformation of the disc spring jointly bear the vertical vibration of the upper structure, and the combination of the two can simultaneously realize the dual control of horizontal vibration and vertical vibration, thereby having excellent horizontal and vertical vibration isolation performance, effectively isolating the horizontal vibration caused by earthquakes and the vertical vibration caused by train operation, and ensuring the safety and stability of the upper building structure. Through innovative mechanical structure design and material selection, its isolation ability for multi-dimensional vibration (including horizontal and vertical directions) is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the vertical guide device of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the horizontal seismic isolation structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the vertical vibration isolation structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the oblique support assembly of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 The structural diagram of the disc spring assembly of the present invention is

[0027] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the guide member of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of a bidirectional horizontal guide rail slider of the present invention;

[0029] Fig. 9 It is a schematic structural diagram of the upper guide rail of the bidirectional horizontal guide rail of the present invention.

[0030] Fig.10 It is a schematic structural diagram of the lower guide rail of the bidirectional horizontal guide rail of the present invention.

[0031] Fig.11 It is a schematic structural diagram of the vertical guide device of the present invention.

[0032] Description of reference numerals:

[0033] 1. Top plate, 2. Middle plate, 3. Bottom plate, 4. Central lead rubber bearing, 5. Oblique bearing group, 6. Horizontal two-way guide rail, 7. Vertical guide device, 8. Disc spring group, 9. Upper guide rail, 10. Slider, 11. Lower guide rail, 12. Baffle, 13. Upper oblique lead rubber bearing, 14. Lower oblique lead rubber bearing, 15. Upper connecting block, 16. Wedge, 17. Lower connecting block, 18. Annular cylinder, 19. Disc spring leaf, 20. Outer guide sleeve, 21. Inner guide rod, 22. Guide member, 23. Viscoelastic damping layer, 24. Sleeve cover, 25. Sleeve, 26. Piston rod, 27. Piston. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following is combined with Figure 1-Figure 11 , the specific implementation of the present invention is described in detail, but it should be understood that the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific implementation. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] like Figure 1-Figure 11 As shown, the pull-out resistant three-dimensional vibration isolation support provided by the present invention includes a top plate 1, a central lead rubber support 4, an intermediate plate 2 and a bottom plate 3, the top plate 1 is connected to the building structure of the building structure, the bottom plate 3 is connected to the foundation, the central lead rubber support 4 is used to alleviate the vibration of the building structure in the horizontal direction, and also includes:

[0036] A plurality of inclined support groups 5 are arranged in a ring direction with the central lead rubber support 4 as the center, the top ends of the plurality of inclined support groups 5 are connected to the central lead rubber support 4 through the middle plate 2, and the bottom ends of the plurality of inclined support groups 5 are connected to the bottom plate 3. The plurality of inclined support groups 5 are used to alleviate the vibration of the building structure in the vertical direction. The plurality of inclined support groups 5 have the same structure, and all include a wedge 5, an upper inclined lead rubber support 13 and an upper connecting block 15;

[0037] The top end of the upper connecting block 15 is connected to the middle plate 2, and the bottom end of the upper connecting block 15 is provided with a first inclined surface, and the first inclined surface forms an angle with the horizontal plane;

[0038] The upper end of the wedge 5 is provided with a second inclined surface, the second inclined surface is parallel to the first inclined surface, and the bottom end of the wedge 5 is connected to the bottom plate 3;

[0039] The upper inclined lead rubber bearing 13 is arranged between the wedge 5 and the upper connecting block 15, the top end of the upper inclined lead rubber bearing 13 is connected to the first inclined surface, and the bottom end of the upper inclined lead rubber bearing 13 is connected to the second inclined surface.

[0040] The working principle of the above embodiment is briefly described:

[0041] The central lead rubber bearing 4 composed of a lead core, a thin steel sheet, and a rubber sheet is a laminated rubber bearing with a reserved hole at the center or around the center. The lead core that meets the required specifications and dimensions and has good energy dissipation performance is embedded in the rubber reserved hole after the production is completed, and a good combination is ensured between the two. When horizontal vibration occurs, the central lead rubber bearing 4 can effectively alleviate the vibration impact of the upper structure in the horizontal direction with its excellent elasticity and damping performance, thereby effectively alleviating the horizontal vibration of the building structure.

[0042] Under the action of horizontal load, the horizontal deformation of the device is mainly borne by the upper central lead rubber bearing (LRB) 4. Therefore, the horizontal mechanical properties of the upper LRB can be equivalent to the horizontal mechanical properties of the three-dimensional vibration isolation bearing.

[0043] Under the action of horizontal earthquake motion, the upper LRB mainly isolates and consumes seismic energy through the horizontal shear deformation of the lead core and rubber. Under the action of vertical load, the vertical deformation of the device is mainly borne by the compression deformation of the upper center lead core rubber bearing 4, the compression shear deformation of the lower inclined LRB, and the vertical extrusion deformation of the disc spring. From a mechanical point of view, its vertical performance can be regarded as four double inclined bearings connected in parallel and then in parallel with the central disc spring group 8, which effectively slows down the load transfer in the vertical direction and realizes the isolation and control of vertical vibration. Since the upper LRB and the lower combined vibration-damping bearing are not decoupled in the vertical direction, the upper and lower bearings jointly participate in the vertical movement of the three-dimensional vibration isolation bearing. The horizontal vibration isolation system and the vertical vibration isolation system each bear the vibration isolation function in different directions, which not only realizes the three-dimensional vibration isolation effect, but also effectively improves the device's response ability to multi-directional seismic loads, and protects the safety and stability of the structure.

[0044] The mechanical properties of the central lead rubber bearing 4 have been extensively and deeply studied, so this article will not repeat its mechanical properties. When subjected to the vertical load P, the oblique bearing connected by the wedge will undergo compression and shear deformation, generating shear force Q and axial force N respectively. The force diagram is shown in the figure below. Figure 1 shown.

[0045] The upper inclined central lead rubber bearing 4 is analyzed separately. When the vertical load increment is dP, the shear force increment dQ1 and axial force component dN1 of the upper inclined central lead rubber bearing 4 are respectively:

[0046] dQ1=dP·sinθ

[0047] dN1=dP·cosθ

[0048] The corresponding shear deformation δ h1 and axial compression deformation δ v1 They are:

[0049]

[0050]

[0051] Vertical deformation dΔ of the upper inclined central lead rubber bearing 4 v1 for:

[0052]

[0053] The vertical stiffness K of the upper inclined central lead rubber bearing 4 is v1 for:

[0054]

[0055] In the above formula, Kh Represents the horizontal stiffness of a single rubber bearing in the lower composite bearing, K v is the vertical stiffness.

[0056] The upper lead core rubber oblique bearing with high shear modulus can cleverly convert the vertical displacement of the entire vibration isolation bearing into the compression and shear deformation of the rubber bearing, which can effectively reduce the overall vertical stiffness. The oblique bearing group 5 uses a rubber material with a high shear modulus, which can convert the vertical displacement of the bearing into the compression and shear deformation of the rubber bearing, thereby reducing the vertical stiffness of the device and increasing the vertical damping and the bearing capacity. The lower lead core rubber oblique bearing with high shear modulus not only has good compression performance, but also can produce a large deformation when subjected to shear force, thereby absorbing and dissipating energy. Through this combined design, the oblique bearing group 5 achieves effective control of the vertical displacement, reduces the vertical stiffness of the device, increases the damping effect, and improves the overall bearing capacity.

[0057] The pull-out-resistant three-dimensional vibration isolation bearing of the present invention can realize dual control of horizontal vibration and vertical vibration at the same time, so as to have excellent horizontal and vertical vibration isolation performance, effectively isolate the horizontal vibration caused by earthquake and the vertical vibration caused by train operation, and ensure the safety and stability of the upper building structure. Through innovative mechanical structure design and material selection, its isolation ability for multi-dimensional vibration (including horizontal and vertical directions) is improved. When responding to natural disasters such as earthquakes, it can effectively absorb and disperse seismic energy and reduce the risk of damage to the building structure. At the same time, for vertical vibrations that may exist in the daily environment (such as traffic noise, operation of mechanical equipment, etc.), this vibration isolation bearing also significantly reduces the negative impact of these vibrations on the upper buildings and residents' lives. It not only meets the seismic requirements of the building structure, but also can significantly control the vertical vibration, thereby improving the living safety and comfort of the upper residents.

[0058] On the basis of the above embodiments, vertical damping is increased, the vibration isolation performance of the device is improved, and the safety and stability of the building are further guaranteed.

[0059] like Figure 1 As shown, a downward inclined lead rubber bearing 4 is further provided between the wedge 5 and the base plate 3, a third inclined plane is provided at the bottom end of the wedge 5, and the third inclined plane is symmetrical with the first inclined plane relative to the horizontal plane, the bottom end of the lower connecting block 17 is connected to the top end of the base plate 3, a fourth inclined plane is provided at the top end of the lower connecting block 17, and the fourth inclined plane is parallel to the third inclined plane, the top end of the downward inclined lead rubber bearing 4 is connected to the third inclined plane, and the bottom end of the downward inclined lead rubber bearing 4 is connected to the fourth inclined plane.

[0060] The upper inclined central lead rubber bearing 4, the middle wedge, and the upper connecting block 15 are regarded as a whole, and the lower inclined central lead rubber bearing 4 is analyzed separately. When the angle between the third inclined plane and the horizontal plane is θ and the vertical load increment is dP, the shear force increment dQ2 and the axial force component dN2 of the lower inclined central lead rubber bearing 4 are respectively:

[0061] dQ2=dP·sinθ

[0062] dN2=dP·cosθ

[0063] The corresponding shear deformation δ h2 and axial compression deformation δ v2 They are:

[0064]

[0065]

[0066] Vertical deformation dΔ of the lower inclined central lead rubber bearing 4 v2 for:

[0067]

[0068] Then the vertical stiffness K of the lower inclined central lead rubber bearing 4 is v2 for:

[0069]

[0070] It can be known from the above formula that the upper inclined central lead rubber bearing 4 and the lower inclined central lead rubber bearing 4 are subjected to the same force. Therefore, the vertical stiffness K of a single combined inclined bearing formed by connecting the upper and lower inclined bearings in series is v3 It can be expressed as:

[0071]

[0072] The overall vertical stiffness K of the four annular combined supports at the bottom is v4 for:

[0073]

[0074] By setting a lower lead core rubber oblique bearing, an upper lead core rubber oblique bearing with a high shear modulus and a lower lead core rubber oblique bearing are connected in series through a wedge 5, the vertical displacement of the entire vibration isolation bearing can be cleverly converted into a compression-shear deformation of the rubber bearing, thereby effectively reducing the vertical stiffness, increasing the vertical damping, improving the vibration isolation performance of the device, and further ensuring the safety and stability of the building.

[0075] As a preferred solution, Figure 1As shown, a disc spring group 8 is provided between the multiple inclined support groups 5, the disc spring group 8 is vertically arranged, the top end of the disc spring group 8 is connected to the middle plate 2, and the bottom end of the disc spring group 8 is connected to the bottom plate 3, and the disc spring group 8 is used to alleviate the vibration of the building structure in the vertical direction.

[0076] Since the disc spring of the vertical vibration isolation assembly is a composite assembly, when the friction force is ignored, its vertical stiffness K v5 for:

[0077]

[0078] Since the disc spring assembly 8 is connected in parallel with the four annular combined supports, the overall vertical stiffness of the lower vertical vibration isolation assembly is for:

[0079]

[0080] Since the upper and lower supports of the three-dimensional vibration isolation support are not decoupled in the vertical direction, the vertical stiffness K of the support as a whole is V for:

[0081]

[0082] The support inclination angle can be calculated as follows:

[0083]

[0084] In the above formula, K v0 represents the vertical compression stiffness of the upper center lead rubber bearing 4, K d is the stiffness of the single disc spring in the lower combined support, θ is the support inclination angle, σ is the design surface pressure, G is the rubber shear modulus, T R is the rubber thickness.

[0085] Under vertical load, the upper inner edge and lower outer edge of the disc spring 19 bear the load in the axial direction. When the disc spring 19 is compressed, it will produce vertical deformation until it is flattened, and can withstand a large load within a very small deformation range. Compared with other types of springs, the disc spring 19 can show a larger deformation per unit volume, and because there is a certain amount of friction between the disc springs 19, it shows significant deformation capacity and energy dissipation effect.

[0086] As a preferred solution, Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 6As shown, the disc spring group 8 includes a circular ring tube 18 and a plurality of disc spring leaves 19, the top of the circular ring tube 18 is connected to the middle plate 2, the plurality of disc spring leaves 19 are stacked on each other, the top of the plurality of disc spring leaves 19 is connected to the bottom of the circular ring tube 18, and the bottom of the plurality of disc spring leaves 19 is connected to the top of the bottom plate 3. The disc spring group 8 composed of a plurality of disc spring leaves 19 combined in a manner of stacking and then matching has a dual advantage, which can increase the bearing capacity of the spring and increase the deformation of the spring. By stacking a plurality of disc springs, the overall bearing capacity can be effectively improved, so that it can withstand a greater load. Secondly, the matching and stacking method can further increase the deformation of the spring group. This composite combination method not only optimizes the mechanical properties of the disc spring group 8, but also improves its adaptability and reliability, so as to better meet the requirements for the performance of vibration isolation bearings in engineering practice.

[0087] As a preferred solution, Figure 4 and Figure 7 As shown, the disc spring group 8 is provided with a first through hole, a guide member 22 is provided in the first through hole, the guide member 22 includes an inner guide rod 21 and an outer guide sleeve 20, the outer guide sleeve 20 is vertically arranged in the first through hole, the bottom end of the outer guide sleeve 20 is connected to the bottom plate 3, the top end of the inner guide rod 21 is connected to the middle plate 2, a viscoelastic damping member is provided outside the inner guide rod 21, and the inner guide rod 21 is slidably connected to the outer guide sleeve 20 through the viscoelastic damping member. The guide member 22 can prevent the disc spring group 8 from lateral deformation under variable load. Subsequently, four groups of oblique support groups 5 are evenly arranged around the disc spring group 8, the inner guide rod 21 is the core component of the guide member 22, and is closely connected to the bottom of the middle plate 2, and the outer guide sleeve 20 is connected to the top of the bottom plate 3, and the guide member 22 can prevent the vertical vibration isolation support from horizontal displacement when subjected to horizontal load. The addition of the viscoelastic damping material also increases the stability and durability of the guide member 22 . The viscoelastic damping member improves the damping characteristics of the entire vibration isolation support, thereby enhancing the performance of the entire vibration isolation support.

[0088] As a preferred solution, Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 8-Figure 10As shown, an upper guide rail 9 is provided at the bottom of the top plate 1, and a lower guide rail 11 is provided at the top of the middle plate 2. The upper guide rail 9 is perpendicular to the lower guide rail 11. The upper guide rail 9 is slidably connected with a slider 10. The slider 10 is slidably connected to the lower guide rail 11. There is a vertical gap between the slider 10 and the upper guide rail 9 or between the slider 10 and the lower guide rail 11. The upper guide rail 9 can apply a vertical upward pulling force to the slider 10, and the slider 10 can apply a vertical upward pulling force to the lower guide rail 11. The upper guide rail 9 is precisely connected to the bottom of the top plate 1, and baffles 12 are installed on both sides of it, which can not only effectively prevent the slider 10 from leaving the track due to external force during the sliding process, but also enhance the stability and safety of the entire system. The lower guide rail 11 adopts an embedded design, which is formed by accurately excavating inside the middle plate 2, ensuring a close fit and high integration between it and the middle plate 2. When the entire vibration isolation bearing is subjected to tensile force, the bidirectional horizontal guide rail 6 composed of the upper guide rail 9, the lower guide rail 11 and the slider 10 can effectively absorb and disperse the tensile force, thereby significantly reducing the tensile effect on the central lead rubber bearing 4, thereby effectively preventing the formation of negative pressure holes between the internal rubber layer and the steel plate of the upper inclined lead rubber bearing 13 and the lower inclined lead rubber bearing 14 due to tensile action, enhancing the tensile resistance of the central lead rubber bearing 4, enabling it to withstand external tensile force without being easily deformed or damaged, and further improving the stability and service life of the vibration isolation bearing. When the bearing is under pressure, the guide rail is not under pressure due to the vertical gap between the slider 10 and the upper guide rail 9 or the guide rail. When the central lead rubber bearing 4 is under pressure, this vertical gap ensures that the bidirectional horizontal guide rail 6 does not bear any pressure, so that the pressure can be directly and effectively transmitted to the central lead rubber bearing 4, making full use of its excellent compression performance and elastic recovery force to achieve efficient horizontal vibration isolation effect. In addition, the setting of this vertical gap also avoids the friction and resistance that may be generated between the slider 10 and the lower guide rail 11 under pressure, further ensuring the stable and reliable operation of the vibration isolation bearing. When the central lead rubber bearing 4 is subjected to horizontal shear force, the slider 10 can slide freely on the upper guide rail 9 or the lower guide rail 11, and will not affect the horizontal deformation and energy dissipation of the central lead rubber bearing 4. At the same time, the introduction of the anti-pullout function will further improve the overall performance of the vibration isolation bearing, prevent the entire bearing from being pulled up due to external factors, and ensure the long-term stability of the building.

[0089] As a preferred solution, Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Fig.11As shown, a plurality of vertical guide devices 7 are provided between the middle plate 2 and the bottom plate 3, and the vertical guide devices 7 include a sleeve 25 and a piston, wherein the sleeve 25 is vertically arranged, and the bottom end of the sleeve 25 is connected to the bottom plate 3, the piston is slidably connected in the sleeve 25, and the piston rod 26 of the piston is connected to the middle plate 2. The vertical guide device 7 not only decouples the horizontal and vertical performances of the vibration isolation support, and ensures that the movements of the vibration isolation support in different directions are independent of each other and do not interfere with each other, but also, through its special structural design and material selection, the vertical guide device 7 also significantly improves the tensile strength of the vertical vibration isolation device, and enhances the stability and reliability of the entire system. The piston can slide freely within a certain range inside the sleeve 25, thereby realizing precise control of the vertical displacement.

[0090] As a preferred solution, Fig.11 As shown, a sleeve cover 24 is provided on the sleeve 25, and the sleeve cover 24 is used to prevent the piston from escaping from the sleeve 25. By providing the sleeve cover 24, the piston can be prevented from escaping from the sleeve 25, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the entire vertical guide device 7, and the sleeve cover 24 can also apply a vertical downward pulling force to the piston, and can also make the entire vibration isolation support play a tensile role when the building structure vibrates in the vertical direction, thereby further preventing the entire vibration isolation support from being pulled up due to external factors, and ensuring the long-term stability of the building.

[0091] As a preferred solution, Fig.11 As shown, a viscoelastic damping layer 23 is provided on the piston head 27 of the piston, and the piston head 27 is slidably connected to the sleeve 25 through the viscoelastic damping layer 23. By providing the viscoelastic damping layer 23, by utilizing its high damping characteristics, part of the vertical seismic energy can be effectively dissipated, thereby improving the damping effect of the entire vibration isolation support, reducing the vibration of the building structure under the vertical load such as earthquake, and also improving the stability and safety of the entire vibration isolation support.

[0092] As a preferred solution, Fig. 9 and Fig.10 As shown, the upper guide rail 9 and the lower guide rail 11 are provided with a polytetrafluoroethylene coating on their surfaces. By providing the polytetrafluoroethylene coating, the wear resistance of the upper guide rail 9 and the lower guide rail 11 can be improved, and the smoothness of the sliding of the slider 10 can be improved.

[0093] While the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that many changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional vibration isolation support with pull-out resistance, comprising a top plate (1), a central lead rubber support (4), an intermediate plate (2) and a bottom plate (3), wherein the top plate (1) is connected to a building structure, the bottom plate (3) is connected to a foundation, and the central lead rubber support (4) is used to alleviate the vibration of the building structure in the horizontal direction. It is characterized in that Also includes: A plurality of inclined support groups (5) are arranged in a ring direction with a central lead rubber support (4) as the center, the top ends of the plurality of inclined support groups (5) are connected to the central lead rubber support (4) via an intermediate plate (2), the plurality of inclined support groups (5) are used to alleviate the vibration of the building structure in the vertical direction, and the plurality of inclined support groups (5) have the same structure, and all include a wedge (5), an upper inclined lead rubber support (13) and an upper connecting block (15); The top end of the upper connecting block (15) is connected to the middle plate (2), and the bottom end of the upper connecting block (15) is provided with a first inclined surface, wherein the first inclined surface forms an angle with the horizontal plane; The upper end of the wedge (5) is provided with a second inclined surface, the second inclined surface is parallel to the first inclined surface, and the bottom end of the wedge (5) is connected to the bottom plate (3); The upper inclined lead rubber support (13) is arranged between the wedge (5) and the upper connecting block (15), the top end of the upper inclined lead rubber support (13) is connected to the first inclined surface, and the bottom end of the upper inclined lead rubber support (13) is connected to the second inclined surface.

2. The pull-out resistant three-dimensional vibration isolation support according to claim 1, It is characterized in that A downwardly inclined lead rubber support (4) is also provided between the wedge body (5) and the bottom plate (3); a third inclined plane is provided at the bottom end of the wedge body (5); the third inclined plane is symmetrical with the first inclined plane relative to a horizontal plane; the bottom end of the lower connecting block (17) is connected to the top end of the bottom plate (3); a fourth inclined plane is provided at the top end of the lower connecting block (17); the fourth inclined plane is parallel to the third inclined plane; the top end of the downwardly inclined lead rubber support (4) is connected to the third inclined plane; and the bottom end of the downwardly inclined lead rubber support (4) is connected to the fourth inclined plane.

3. The pull-out resistant three-dimensional vibration isolation support as claimed in claim 2, It is characterized in that A disc spring group (8) is provided between the plurality of inclined support groups (5); the disc spring group (8) is arranged vertically, the top end of the disc spring group (8) is connected to the middle plate (2), and the bottom end of the disc spring group (8) is connected to the bottom plate (3); the disc spring group (8) is used to alleviate the vibration of the building structure in the vertical direction.

4. The pull-out resistant three-dimensional vibration isolation support according to claim 3, It is characterized in that The disc spring group (8) comprises a circular ring cylinder (18) and a plurality of disc spring leaves (19), the top end of the circular ring cylinder (18) is connected to the middle plate (2), the plurality of disc spring leaves (19) are stacked on each other, the top ends of the plurality of disc spring leaves (19) are connected to the bottom end of the circular ring cylinder (18), and the bottom ends of the plurality of disc spring leaves (19) are connected to the top end of the bottom plate (3).

5. The pull-out resistant three-dimensional vibration isolation support according to claim 4, It is characterized in that The disc spring group (8) is provided with a first through hole, a guide member (22) is provided in the first through hole, the guide member (22) comprises an inner guide rod (21) and an outer guide sleeve (20), the outer guide sleeve (20) is vertically arranged in the first through hole, the bottom end of the outer guide sleeve (20) is connected to the bottom plate (3), the top end of the inner guide rod (21) is connected to the middle plate (2), a viscoelastic damping member is provided outside the inner guide rod (21), and the inner guide rod (21) is slidably connected to the outer guide sleeve (20) via the viscoelastic damping member.

6. The pull-out resistant three-dimensional vibration isolation support according to claim 1, It is characterized in that An upper guide rail (9) is provided at the bottom end of the top plate (1), and a lower guide rail (11) is provided at the top end of the middle plate (2); the upper guide rail (9) is perpendicular to the lower guide rail (11); the upper guide rail (9) is slidably connected to a slider (10); the slider (10) is slidably connected to the lower guide rail (11); a vertical gap exists between the slider (10) and the upper guide rail (9) or between the slider (10) and the lower guide rail (11); the upper guide rail (9) can apply a vertical upward pulling force to the slider (10), and the slider (10) can apply a vertical upward pulling force to the lower guide rail (11).

7. The pull-out resistant three-dimensional vibration isolation support according to claim 6, It is characterized in that A plurality of vertical guide devices (7) are provided between the intermediate plate (2) and the bottom plate (3). The vertical guide devices (7) include a sleeve (25) and a piston. The sleeve (25) is vertically arranged. The bottom end of the sleeve (25) is connected to the bottom plate (3). The piston is slidably connected in the sleeve (25). The piston rod (26) of the piston is connected to the intermediate plate (2).

8. The pull-out resistant three-dimensional vibration isolation support according to claim 7, It is characterized in that The sleeve (25) is provided with a sleeve cover (24), and the sleeve cover (24) is used to prevent the piston from falling out of the sleeve (25).

9. The pull-out resistant three-dimensional vibration isolation support according to claim 7, It is characterized in that A viscoelastic damping layer (23) is provided on the piston head (27) of the piston, and the piston head (27) is slidably connected to the sleeve (25) via the viscoelastic damping layer (23).

10. The pull-out resistant three-dimensional vibration isolation support according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The surfaces of the upper guide rail (9) and the lower guide rail (11) are provided with polytetrafluoroethylene coatings.

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