Thermal management method and absorption type combined cooling and heating system

Abstract

The heat management method comprises the steps that the environment temperature in a plant is detected, and if the environment temperature is smaller than a first temperature threshold value, a first three-way valve, a second three-way valve, a third three-way valve, a fourth three-way valve and a four-way valve are controlled to be switched to a heat supply switch state, waste heat generated by auxiliary equipment and steam waste heat jointly serve as a heat supply source for driving heat supply circulation, heat supply circulation is completed through a circulating working medium, and if the environment temperature is larger than a second temperature threshold value, a first three-way valve, a second three-way valve, a third three-way valve, a fourth three-way valve and a four-way valve are controlled to be switched to a cold supply switch state correspondingly; steam waste gas and heat absorbed from return water of the cold supply circulation serve as heat supply sources for driving the cold supply circulation, and the cold supply circulation is completed through a circulating working medium. The waste steam, the hot water production and distribution system and the cooling water system are integrated into a whole, and the energy utilization rate is increased by switching the operation mode of the whole system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of thermal management of nuclear power plant equipment, and in particular to a thermal management method and an absorption type combined cooling and heating system. Background Art

[0002] As a clean energy with mature technology and stable operation, nuclear energy is of great significance for reducing carbon emissions and solving environmental problems. During the operation of nuclear reactors, in order to ensure the working comfort of maintenance personnel under cold climate conditions, the hot water production and distribution system (SES) needs to provide hot water to ensure the plant temperature. In hot climate conditions, SES needs to provide low-temperature cooling water to timely replace the heat generated by the operation of the equipment to avoid the performance degradation of key equipment or even the failure of its main functions. How to efficiently provide cold water and hot water respectively under different operating environments is an important link to ensure the safe and stable operation of the plant power station and reduce costs and increase efficiency in the production process.

[0003] During the operation of a nuclear power plant, the exhaust gas after the high-temperature and high-pressure steam drives the steam turbine generator set to generate electricity is still at a high temperature, and its thermal energy has utilization value. In cold seasons, SES absorbs heat from the exhaust gas through heat exchange, and provides 60℃-70℃ hot water from the nuclear island to the reactor building and fuel building. In hot seasons, SES consumes electricity and generates 7℃ chilled water through additional compression chillers, which is supplied to the relay room, DC distribution room, etc. That is, in the prior art, SES generates cooling and heat in summer and winter respectively through two independent cycle processes to meet the required operation requirements.

[0004] That is to say, the existing thermal management system of nuclear power plant equipment relies on independent heating and cooling systems to meet the heating needs of nuclear power plants in cold seasons and cooling needs in hot seasons, which results in low energy efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of this application is to provide at least a thermal management method and an absorption-type combined heat and cold supply system, by integrating steam exhaust, hot water production and distribution system and cooling water system into a whole, and improving energy utilization by switching the overall system operation mode.

[0006] This application mainly includes the following aspects:

[0007] In the first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a thermal management method, which is applied to an absorption combined heat and cooling system. The absorption combined heat and cooling system includes a hot water production and distribution system and a cooling water system that are interconnected. The hot water production and distribution system includes a generator, an absorber, a condenser, an evaporator and a heat exchanger. The closed cooling water system includes an auxiliary equipment heat exchanger and a cold source heat exchanger. The generator is respectively connected to the waste heat steam, the heat exchanger and the condenser. The heat exchanger is also connected to the absorber through a solution pump and a first throttle valve, respectively. The absorber is connected to the heat supply return water end through a first three-way valve and to the condenser through a first circulation pump. The auxiliary equipment heat exchanger is connected to the evaporator through the third three-way valve and the fourth three-way valve in sequence, and the evaporator is also connected to the cold source heat exchanger through the fourth three-way valve. The cold source heat exchanger is also connected to the absorber through the four-way valve and the first three-way valve, and is connected to the evaporator through the four-way valve and the second circulating pump. The four-way valve is also connected to the cold water return end, and the auxiliary equipment heat exchanger is connected to the auxiliary equipment of the nuclear power plant. The method includes:

[0008] The ambient temperature in the factory building is detected. If the ambient temperature is lower than the first temperature threshold, the first three-way valve, the second three-way valve, the third three-way valve, the fourth three-way valve and the four-way valve are controlled to switch to the heating switch state respectively, and the waste heat generated by the auxiliary equipment and the steam waste heat are used as the heat source to drive the heating cycle, and the heating cycle is completed through the circulating working medium. If the ambient temperature is higher than the second temperature threshold, the first three-way valve, the second three-way valve, the third three-way valve, the fourth three-way valve and the four-way valve are controlled to switch to the cooling switch state respectively, and the steam waste gas and the heat absorbed from the return water of the cooling cycle are used as the heat source to drive the cooling cycle, and the cooling cycle is completed through the circulating working medium.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the absorption combined cooling and heating system is controlled to complete the heating cycle in the following manner: the first end and the second end of the first three-way valve are controlled to be in an on state, so that the heating circulating water connected to the heating return end flows into the absorber through the first three-way valve; the circulating working fluid flowing out of the absorber is transported to the condenser through the first circulating pump; the refrigerant solution in the generator is heated by the waste heat steam in the generator, so that a part of the refrigerant solution in the generator evaporates to form high-pressure refrigerant steam, and another part of the refrigerant solution in the generator forms an absorbent concentrated solution, the high-pressure refrigerant steam is input into the condenser, and the absorbent concentrated solution is depressurized through the first throttle and flows into the absorber; the high-pressure refrigerant steam is condensed by the condenser to release heat to the heating circulating water flowing through the condenser and transport the heating circulating water to the second three-way valve, and the condensed liquid refrigerant is depressurized and transported to the evaporator through the second throttle valve; the first end and the second end of the second three-way valve are controlled to be in an on state, so that the heating circulating water output by the condenser passes through the second The three-way valve flows into the heating end; the circulating working fluid provided by the cooling water system is transported to the auxiliary equipment heat exchanger, so that the circulating working fluid absorbs the heat generated by the operation of the auxiliary equipment of the nuclear power plant through the auxiliary equipment heat exchanger; the first end and the second end of the third three-way valve are respectively controlled to be in an on state, and the first end and the second end of the fourth three-way valve are controlled to be in an on state, so that the circulating working fluid output through the auxiliary equipment heat exchanger flows into the evaporator through the third three-way valve and the fourth three-way valve in sequence; the liquid refrigerant in the evaporator is evaporated into a gas refrigerant and the gas refrigerant is controlled to flow into the absorber; the first end and the third end of the four-way valve are controlled to be in an on state, so that the circulating working fluid flowing out of the evaporator flows into the auxiliary equipment heat exchanger through the cold source heat exchanger in sequence under the drive of the second circulation pump; the gas refrigerant is absorbed and released by the absorber to produce a dilute solution and combined with the concentrated solution fed back by the generator to form a mixed solution; the heat released by the gas refrigerant is taken away by the heat exchanger through the heating circulating water flowing through the inside of the heat exchanger, and the mixed solution is pressurized and returned to the generator by the solution pump.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the absorption combined cooling and heating system is controlled to complete the cooling cycle in the following manner: the third end and the second end of the first three-way valve are controlled to be in an on state; the circulating water flowing out of the absorber is transported to the condenser through the first circulating pump; the refrigerant solution in the generator is heated by the waste heat steam in the generator, so that a part of the refrigerant solution in the generator is evaporated to form high-pressure refrigerant steam, and another part of the refrigerant solution in the generator is formed into an absorbent concentrated solution, the high-pressure refrigerant steam is input into the condenser, and the absorbent concentrated solution is reduced in pressure through the second throttle valve and flows into the absorber The condenser is used to condense the high-pressure refrigerant vapor to release heat to the circulating water flowing through the condenser, and the circulating water absorbing the condensation heat energy is transported to the second three-way valve, and the condensed liquid refrigerant is transported to the evaporator after being depressurized by the second throttle valve; the first end and the third end of the second three-way valve are respectively controlled to be in an on state, and the third end and the first end of the third three-way valve are controlled to be in an on state, so that the circulating water output by the condenser flows into the auxiliary equipment heat exchanger through the second three-way valve and the third three-way valve in sequence; the low-temperature refrigerant generated by the operation of the auxiliary equipment of the nuclear power plant is absorbed by the auxiliary equipment heat exchanger The waste heat of the cold source heat exchanger is collected and the circulating water outputted from the auxiliary equipment heat exchanger is transported to the cold source heat exchanger for heat dissipation treatment, wherein the circulating water flowing into the cold source heat exchanger carries the operating heat of the auxiliary equipment of the nuclear power plant, the heat dissipation energy generated by the absorption of the absorber, and the heat released by the condenser condensation; the second end and the third end of the four-way valve are controlled to be in the connected state, so that the circulating water outputted from the cold source heat exchanger is refluxed into the absorber through the four-way valve and the first three-way valve in sequence; the third end and the second end of the fourth three-way valve are controlled to be in the connected state, so that the cold supply water in the cold supply cycle flows into the evaporator through the fourth three-way valve; The liquid refrigerant in the evaporator absorbs heat from the cooling water flowing into the evaporator and evaporates into gaseous refrigerant, and the gaseous refrigerant is controlled to flow into the absorber; the first end and the fourth end of the four-way valve are controlled to be in an on state, so that the cooling water flowing out of the evaporator flows into the cooling end through the four-way valve under the drive of the second circulating pump; the gaseous refrigerant is absorbed and released heat by the absorber to produce a dilute solution and combine with the concentrated solution fed back from the generator to form a mixed solution; the heat released by the gaseous refrigerant is taken away by the heat exchanger through the heating circulating water flowing through the inside of the heat exchanger, and the mixed solution is pressurized by the solution pump and returned to the generator.

[0011] In a possible implementation manner, the circulating working fluid in the cooling cycle for delivering cold to the cold end and the heating cycle for delivering heat to the hot end is water.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: determining whether the ambient temperature is less than or equal to a second temperature threshold; if the ambient temperature is less than or equal to the second temperature threshold, using antifreeze as the circulating working fluid in the SRI cycle; if the ambient temperature is greater than the second temperature threshold, using water as the circulating working fluid in the cooling water system cycle.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: determining the optimal solution concentration and circulation ratio corresponding to the solution in each device in the absorption combined heat and cooling system based on the required temperature, the equipment operating pressure range in the absorption combined heat and cooling system, and efficiency optimization calculation.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: setting the circulating water flow in the cooling cycle, the heating cycle, the steam waste heat, and the closed cooling water system to a matching state through the circulating flow.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the steps of setting the circulating water flow in the cooling cycle, heating cycle, steam waste heat, and closed cooling water system to a matching state through the circulating flow include: in the heating cycle, matching the high-temperature heat source power provided by the steam waste heat with the low-temperature heat source power provided by the waste heat of the auxiliary equipment; in the cooling cycle, matching the high-temperature heat source power provided by the steam waste heat with the cooling power of the closed cooling water system, and matching the circulating water temperature of the closed cooling water system with the condensation temperature inside the condenser and the absorption temperature inside the absorber.

[0016] In the second aspect, the embodiment of the present application also provides an absorption-type combined cooling and heating system, which includes a hot water production and distribution system and a cooling water system that are interconnected. The hot water production and distribution system includes a generator, an absorber, a condenser, an evaporator and a heat exchanger. The closed cooling water system includes an auxiliary equipment heat exchanger and a cold source heat exchanger. The generator is respectively connected to the waste heat steam, the heat exchanger and the condenser. The heat exchanger is also connected to the absorber through a solution pump and a first throttle valve, respectively. The absorber is connected to the heat supply return water end through a first three-way valve, to the condenser through a first circulation pump, and to the evaporator. The condenser is connected to the heat return water end through a second throttle valve. The auxiliary equipment heat exchanger is connected to the evaporator, the condenser is also connected to the heating end and the third three-way valve through the second three-way valve, the auxiliary equipment heat exchanger is connected to the evaporator through the third three-way valve and the fourth three-way valve in sequence, the evaporator is also connected to the cooling end through the fourth three-way valve, the auxiliary equipment heat exchanger is also connected to the cold source heat exchanger, the cold source heat exchanger is also connected to the absorber through the four-way valve and the first three-way valve, and is connected to the evaporator through the four-way valve and the second circulating pump, the four-way valve is also connected to the cooling return water end, the auxiliary equipment heat exchanger is connected to the auxiliary equipment of the nuclear power plant, and the absorption cooling and heating combined supply system also includes a processor, which is used to execute the thermal management method provided in any of the above embodiments.

[0017] A thermal management method and absorption type combined cooling and heating system provided by the embodiment of the present application include: detecting the ambient temperature in the plant, if the ambient temperature is less than the first temperature threshold, controlling the first three-way valve, the second three-way valve, the third three-way valve, the fourth three-way valve and the four-way valve to switch to the heating switch state respectively, using the waste heat generated by the auxiliary equipment and the steam waste heat as the heat source for driving the heating cycle, and completing the heating cycle through the circulating working medium, if the ambient temperature is greater than the second temperature threshold, controlling the first three-way valve, the second three-way valve, the third three-way valve, the fourth three-way valve and the four-way valve to switch to the cooling switch state respectively, using the steam exhaust gas and the heat absorbed from the return water of the cooling cycle as the heat source for driving the cooling cycle, and completing the cooling cycle through the circulating working medium. The present application improves energy utilization by integrating the steam exhaust gas, the hot water production and distribution system and the cooling water system into a whole, and switching the operation mode of the overall system.

[0018] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, preferred embodiments are specifically cited below and described in detail with reference to the attached drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an absorption cooling and heating combined supply system provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0021] Figure 2 A flow chart showing the steps of a thermal management method provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 3 A functional module diagram of a thermal management device provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0023] Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that the drawings in the present application only serve the purpose of explanation and description and are not used to limit the scope of protection of the present application. In addition, it should be understood that the schematic drawings are not drawn in real proportion. The flowchart used in this application shows the operations implemented according to some embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that the operations of the flowchart can be implemented out of sequence, and the steps without logical context can be reversed in order or implemented simultaneously. In addition, those skilled in the art, under the guidance of the content of the present application, can add one or more other operations to the flowchart, or remove one or more operations from the flowchart.

[0025] In addition, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the application claimed for protection, but merely represents the selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0026] As a clean energy with mature technology and stable operation, nuclear energy is of great significance for reducing carbon emissions and solving environmental problems. During the operation of nuclear reactors, in order to ensure the working comfort of maintenance personnel under cold climate conditions, the hot water production and distribution system (SES) needs to provide hot water to ensure the plant temperature. In hot climate conditions, SES needs to provide low-temperature cooling water to timely replace the heat generated by the operation of the equipment to avoid the performance degradation of key equipment or even the failure of major functions. How to efficiently provide cold water and hot water respectively under different operating environments is an important link to ensure the safe and stable operation of the plant power station and reduce costs and increase efficiency in the production process.

[0027] During the operation of a nuclear power plant, the temperature of the exhaust gas after the high-temperature and high-pressure steam drives the steam turbine generator set to generate electricity is still relatively high, and its thermal energy has utilization value. In cold seasons, SES absorbs heat from the exhaust gas through heat exchange, and provides 60℃-70℃ hot water from the nuclear island to the reactor building and the fuel building. In hot seasons, SES consumes electricity and generates 7℃ chilled water through additional compression chillers, which is supplied to the relay room, DC distribution room, etc. That is, in the prior art, SES generates cold and heat in summer and winter respectively through two independent cooling and heating cycles to meet the required operation requirements. It can be determined that the existing thermal management system of nuclear power plant equipment relies on an independent heating and cooling system to meet the heating needs of nuclear power plants in cold seasons and cooling needs in hot seasons, which leads to low energy efficiency.

[0028] Based on this, the embodiment of the present application provides a thermal management method and an absorption type cold-joint thermal management system, which integrates the steam exhaust, hot water production and distribution system and the closed cooling water system into a whole, and improves the energy utilization rate by switching the operation mode of the overall system, as follows:

[0029] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1 The structure diagram of an absorption cooling and heating system provided in the embodiment of the present application is shown. The absorption cooling and heating system provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a hot water production and distribution system and a cooling water system connected to each other. Specifically, Figure 1 As shown, the hot water production and distribution system includes a generator 1, an absorber 2, a condenser 3, an evaporator 4 and a heat exchanger 7, and the closed cooling water system includes an auxiliary equipment heat exchanger 5 and a cold source heat exchanger 6.

[0030] Specifically, Figure 1 As shown, the generator is respectively connected to the waste heat steam, the heat exchanger 7 and the condenser 3. The heat exchanger 7 is also connected to the absorber 2 through the solution pump P1 and the first throttle valve V1. The absorber 2 is respectively connected to the heating return water end through the first three-way valve Q1, connected to the condenser 3 through the first circulation pump R1 and directly connected to the evaporator 4.

[0031] Specifically, the heating water return end is connected to the first end a of the first three-way valve Q1 , and the second end c of the first three-way valve Q1 is connected to the absorber 2 .

[0032] The condenser 3 is connected to the evaporator 4 through the second throttle valve V2. The condenser 3 is also connected to the heating end and the third three-way valve Q3 through the second three-way valve Q2, respectively.

[0033] Specifically, the condenser 3 is connected to the first end d of the second three-way valve Q2, the second end e of the second three-way valve Q2 is connected to the heating end, and the third end f of the second three-way valve Q2 is connected to the third end j of the third three-way valve Q3.

[0034] The auxiliary equipment heat exchanger 5 is connected to the evaporator 4 through the third three-way valve Q3 and the fourth three-way valve Q4 in sequence. The evaporator 4 is also connected to the cooling return end through the fourth three-way valve Q4. The auxiliary equipment heat exchanger 5 is also connected to the cold source heat exchanger 6. The cold source heat exchanger 6 is also connected to the absorber 2 through the four-way valve K1 and the first three-way valve Q1, and is connected to the evaporator 4 through the four-way valve K1 and the second circulating pump R2. The four-way valve K1 is also connected to the cooling end, and the auxiliary equipment heat exchanger 5 is connected to the auxiliary equipment of the nuclear power plant.

[0035] Specifically, the first end l of the third three-way valve Q3 is connected to the auxiliary equipment heat exchanger 5, the second end k of the third three-way valve Q3 is connected to the first end h of the fourth three-way valve Q4, the second end g of the fourth three-way valve Q4 is connected to the evaporator 4, the third end i of the fourth three-way valve Q4 is connected to the cooling return end, one end of the second circulating pump R2 is connected to the evaporator 4, the other end of the second circulating pump R2 is connected to the first end m of the four-way valve K1, the second end p of the four-way valve K1 is connected to the cooling end, the third end n of the four-way valve K1 is connected to the third end b of the first three-way valve Q1, and the fourth end o of the four-way valve K1 is connected to the cold source heat exchanger 6.

[0036] In the present application, various devices in the absorption combined cooling and heating system are connected by pipelines.

[0037] See also Figure 2 , Figure 2 A flow chart showing the steps of a thermal management method provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown. Figure 2 As shown, the thermal management method provided by the present application includes:

[0038] S100. Detect the ambient temperature in the factory.

[0039] S200. If the ambient temperature in the factory building is lower than the first temperature threshold, the first three-way valve, the second three-way valve, the third three-way valve, the fourth three-way valve and the four-way valve are controlled to switch to the heating switch state respectively, and the waste heat generated by the auxiliary equipment and the steam waste heat are used as the heat source to drive the heating cycle, and the heating cycle is completed through the circulating working fluid.

[0040] S300. If the ambient temperature is greater than the second temperature threshold, the first three-way valve, the second three-way valve, the third three-way valve, the fourth three-way valve and the four-way valve are controlled to switch to the cooling switch state respectively, and the steam exhaust gas and the heat absorbed from the return water of the cooling cycle are used as the heat source to drive the cooling cycle, and the cooling cycle is completed through the circulating working fluid.

[0041] In steps S100 to S300, waste heat steam is used as a high-temperature driving heat source for the absorption combined cooling and heat supply system. In the heating cycle, the waste heat generated by the auxiliary equipment is used to provide a low-temperature heat source for the absorption combined cooling and heat supply system. The low-temperature waste heat is utilized in combination with the evaporator to expand the heat capacity of the entire absorption combined cooling and heat supply system. In the cooling cycle, the auxiliary equipment and the heat dissipation process required for operation in the absorption combined cooling and heat supply system are connected in series, the waste heat is collected and discharged into the seawater, and cooling is provided for the cooling end.

[0042] In a preferred embodiment, if Figure 1 As shown, step S200 includes:

[0043] The first end a and the second end c of the first three-way valve Q1 are controlled to be in an on state, so that the heating circulating water connected to the heating return end flows into the circulating water pipeline in the absorber 2 through the first end a and the second end c of the first three-way valve Q1, and the first circulating pump R1 is driven to transport the heating circulating water flowing out through the circulating water pipeline in the absorber 2 to the heating circulating water pipeline in the condenser 3, and the waste heat steam is used to heat the refrigerant solution transported from the absorber 2 by the solution pump P1 in the generator 1, so that a part of the refrigerant solution in the generator 1 evaporates to form The high-pressure refrigerant vapor and another part of the refrigerant solution in the generator 1 are used to form an absorbent concentrated solution. The high-pressure refrigerant vapor is input into the condenser 3 and the absorbent concentrated solution is depressurized through the first throttle V1 and flows into the absorber 2. The high-pressure refrigerant vapor is condensed by the condenser 3 to release heat to the heating circulating water flowing into the internal heating circulating water pipeline of the condenser 3 and the heated heating circulating water is transported to the first end d of the second three-way valve Q2. The condensed liquid refrigerant is depressurized through the second throttle valve V2 and then transported to the evaporator 4.

[0044] The first end d and the second end e of the second three-way valve Q2 are controlled to be in an on state, so that the heating circulating water output by the condenser flows into the heating end through the first end d and the second end e of the second three-way valve, and the heating end is then connected to the heating return water end through the external heating loop to form a complete heating cycle.

[0045] The circulating working fluid provided by the cooling water system is transported to the circulating working fluid pipeline in the auxiliary equipment heat exchanger 5, so that the circulating working fluid in the auxiliary equipment heat exchanger 5 absorbs the heat generated by the operation of the auxiliary equipment of the nuclear power plant through the auxiliary equipment heat exchanger 5, and the first end l and the second end k of the third three-way valve Q3 are controlled to be in an on state, and the first end h and the second end g of the fourth three-way valve Q4 are controlled to be in an on state, so that the circulating working fluid output through the auxiliary equipment heat exchanger 5 flows into the circulating working fluid pipeline in the evaporator 4 in sequence through the first end l and the second end k of the third three-way valve Q3, and the first end h and the second end g of the fourth three-way valve Q4.

[0046] Furthermore, the liquid refrigerant in the evaporator 4 is evaporated into a gas refrigerant and the gas refrigerant is controlled to flow into the absorber 2 , and the absorber 2 absorbs and releases heat from the gas refrigerant.

[0047] In addition, the first end m and the third end o of the four-way valve K1 are controlled to be in an on state, so that the circulating working fluid flowing out through the circulating working fluid pipeline inside the evaporator 4 flows into the auxiliary equipment heat exchanger 5 through the cold source heat exchanger 6 under the drive of the second circulating pump R2, wherein the cold source heat exchanger 6 is responsible for dissipating the excess heat of the circulating working fluid flowing into it.

[0048] The released heat is taken away by the heating circulating water through the heat exchanger, and the dilute solution produced by absorption is mixed with the concentrated solution generated by the generator and then pressurized and returned to the generator through the solution pump.

[0049] When the absorption combined heat and cooling system provided in the present application is used for heating, the purpose of expanding heat and recovering waste heat from auxiliary equipment is achieved through the system. The generator absorbs high-temperature heat used to drive the system from the steam exhaust gas, and improves the quality of low-temperature waste heat from the auxiliary equipment through the absorption heat pump cycle. Compared with direct steam heating, the heating capacity is increased. For the SRI cycle process, the waste heat from the auxiliary equipment is absorbed by the evaporator, which can use the waste heat of the auxiliary equipment to evaporate the liquid refrigerant into a gaseous refrigerant, reducing the original energy loss, and the circulating working fluid in the SRI is discharged to the low-temperature heat source mainly composed of seawater after cooling, reducing the impact of heat dissipation on the environment.

[0050] In another possible implementation, step S300 includes:

[0051] The third end b and the second end c of the first three-way valve Q1 are controlled to be in an on state, and circulating water after heat dissipation treatment flows in from the third end b of the first three-way valve Q1, and then flows into the circulating water pipeline in the absorber 2 through the second end c of the first three-way valve Q1, and the first circulating pump is driven to transport the circulating water flowing out of the circulating water pipeline in the absorber 2 to the condenser 3, and the refrigerant solution in the generator 1 is heated by the waste heat steam in the generator 1, so that a part of the refrigerant solution in the generator 1 evaporates to form high-pressure refrigerant steam, and another part of the refrigerant solution in the generator 1 forms an absorbent concentrated solution, and the high-pressure refrigerant steam is input into the condenser 3 and the absorbent concentrated solution is reduced in pressure through the second throttle valve V2 and flows into the absorber 2.

[0052] The condenser 3 is used to release heat and condense the high-pressure refrigerant vapor to form liquid refrigerant, and the circulating water that absorbs the condensation heat energy is transported to the first end d of the second three-way valve Q2 through the circulating water pipeline inside the condenser 3, and the condensed liquid refrigerant is reduced in pressure through the second throttle valve V2 and transported to the evaporator 4.

[0053] The first end d and the third end f of the second three-way valve Q2 are controlled to be in an on state, and the third end i and the first end l of the third three-way valve Q3 are controlled to be in an on state, so that the circulating water output from the condenser 3 is input into the first end d of the second three-way valve Q2, the third end f of the second three-way valve Q2, the third end j of the third three-way valve Q3 and the first end l of the third three-way valve Q3 and flows into the circulating water pipeline in the auxiliary equipment heat exchanger 5.

[0054] The low-temperature waste heat generated by the operation of the auxiliary equipment of the nuclear power plant is absorbed by the circulating water in the auxiliary equipment heat exchanger 5, and the circulating water output by the circulating water pipeline in the auxiliary equipment heat exchanger 5 is transported to the cold source heat exchanger 6 for heat dissipation treatment, wherein the circulating water flowing into the cold source heat exchanger 6 carries the low-temperature waste heat of the auxiliary equipment of the nuclear power plant, the heat dissipation absorbed by the absorber, and the heat release energy of the condenser.

[0055] The second end o and the third end n of the four-way valve K1 are controlled to be in an on state, so that the circulating water output by the cold source heat exchanger 6 flows into the third end b of the first three-way valve Q1 through the second end o and the third end n of the four-way valve K in sequence, forming a reflux, thereby realizing the application and discharge of the steam waste heat generated by the nuclear power plant equipment and the low-temperature waste heat of the auxiliary equipment.

[0056] In the loop formed by the cooling cycle, the third end i and the second end g of the fourth three-way valve Q4 are controlled to be in an on state, so that the cooling water in the cooling cycle flows into the evaporator 4 through the third end i and the second end g of the fourth three-way valve Q4, and the liquid refrigerant in the evaporator 4 absorbs heat from the cooling water flowing into the evaporator 4 and evaporates it into gaseous refrigerant (this process is an exothermic process for the cooling water, which can further reduce the temperature of the cooling water), and the gaseous refrigerant is controlled to flow into the absorber 2.

[0057] The first end m and the fourth end p of the four-way valve K1 are controlled to be in an on state, so that the cooling water flowing out of the evaporator 4 flows into the cooling end through the first end m and the fourth end p of the four-way valve K1 under the drive of the second circulation pump R2, and a cooling pipeline is connected between the cooling end and the cooling return water end.

[0058] The gas refrigerant is absorbed and released by the absorber 2 to produce a dilute solution which is combined with the concentrated solution fed back from the generator 1 to form a mixed solution. The heat released by the gas refrigerant is taken away by the heat exchanger 7 through the heating circulating water flowing through the heat exchanger 7, and the mixed solution is pressurized by the solution pump P1 and returned to the generator 1.

[0059] Specifically, when providing cooling in the present application, steam exhaust gas is used as a high-temperature heat source to drive the absorption refrigeration cycle. The evaporator 4 absorbs heat from the return water of the cooling cycle as a low-temperature heat source for the cycle, thereby achieving the purpose of cooling. During the cooling process, the circulating water in the SRI absorbs heat from the auxiliary equipment heat exchanger 5, the condenser 3, and the absorber 2 in turn and discharges it to the cold source heat exchanger 6. The cold source heat exchanger transfers the heat to seawater for discharge. The circulating water after discharging the heat is then transported by the cold source heat exchanger 6 to the cooling cycle to provide cooling for the cold end. This process of absorbing heat increases the heat dissipation efficiency of the absorber and the condenser while achieving the purpose of heat dissipation of the auxiliary equipment, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the absorption refrigeration cycle.

[0060] In a preferred embodiment, the circulating working fluid in the cooling cycle for delivering cold to the cold end and the heating cycle for delivering heat to the hot end is water.

[0061] Specifically, the circulating working fluid can also be replaced according to actual operation requirements.

[0062] Absorption combined cooling and heating systems use commonly used absorption refrigeration working fluid pairs as absorbent and refrigerant, such as lithium bromide-water working fluid pairs, calcium chloride-water, water-ammonia, etc.

[0063] In a preferred embodiment, the method further comprises:

[0064] Determine whether the ambient temperature is less than or equal to a second temperature threshold. If the ambient temperature is less than or equal to the second temperature threshold, use antifreeze as the circulating medium in the cooling water system circulation. If the ambient temperature is greater than the second temperature threshold, use water as the circulating medium in the cooling water system circulation.

[0065] Specifically, when the ambient temperature is greater than the second temperature threshold, the circulating medium in the cooling water system circulation is usually water. When the ambient temperature is low enough to cause a risk of freezing (the ambient temperature is less than or equal to the second temperature threshold), it needs to be replaced with antifreeze.

[0066] In a preferred embodiment, the optimal solution concentration and circulation ratio corresponding to the solution in each device in the absorption combined cooling and heating system are determined based on the required temperature, the equipment operating pressure range in the absorption combined cooling and heating system, and the efficiency optimization calculation.

[0067] In general refrigeration or heating systems, the efficiency coefficient is often used to evaluate the system efficiency. In the actual regulation process, the efficiency coefficient under different solution concentrations and circulation ratios can be calculated through modeling, and each device can be regulated based on the operating parameters corresponding to the highest efficiency within the pressure range.

[0068] In a specific embodiment, the circulating water flow in the cooling cycle, the heating cycle, the steam waste heat, and the closed cooling water system is set to a matching state through the circulating flow.

[0069] Specifically, the steps of setting the circulating water flow in the cooling cycle, the heating cycle, the steam waste heat, and the closed cooling water system to a matching state through the circulating flow include:

[0070] During the heating cycle, the high-temperature heat source power provided by the steam waste heat is matched with the low-temperature heat source power provided by the auxiliary equipment waste heat. During the cooling cycle, the high-temperature heat source power provided by the steam waste heat is matched with the cooling power of the closed cooling water system, and the circulating water temperature of the closed cooling water system is matched with the condensing temperature inside the condenser and the absorption temperature inside the absorber.

[0071] In the heating cycle, if the designed circulation flow rate has a higher heat demand for the high-temperature heat source than the heat that can be absorbed from the waste heat of the steam, the corresponding generation cut-off temperature of the generator in the actual operation process will be reduced, the steam generation will be reduced, the heating capacity will be reduced, the absorption of the waste heat of the auxiliary equipment will be reduced, and the low-temperature waste heat discharged to the environment will increase. If the designed circulation flow rate has a higher heat demand for the low-temperature heat source than the heat that can be absorbed from the waste heat of the auxiliary equipment, the condensed water in the evaporator cannot be completely evaporated.

[0072] In the refrigeration cycle, if the heat demand of the designed circulation flow for the high-temperature heat source is higher than the heat that can be absorbed from the steam waste heat, the actual operation process will have a lower cut-off temperature, a reduced steam generation, and a reduced cooling capacity. If the heat demand of the designed circulation flow for the low-temperature heat source is higher than the heat that can be absorbed from the refrigeration return water, the condensed water in the evaporator cannot be completely evaporated, and the cooling capacity of the system will overflow.

[0073] Therefore, in a specific embodiment, it is necessary to match the circulation flow of the cooling cycle or the heating cycle, the steam waste heat and the circulating water flow in the closed cooling water system to ensure that the required cooling, heating and cooling of auxiliary equipment can be supplied.

[0074] Preferably, the absorption combined cooling and heating system also includes a processor, and the method of the present application can be run in the processor. The processor is connected to the absorption combined cooling and heating system provided by the present application to realize the setting and control of different operating states (including cooling and heating) and operating parameters of the absorption combined cooling and heating system.

[0075] Based on the same application concept, a thermal management device corresponding to the thermal management method provided in the above embodiment is also provided in the embodiment of the present application. Since the principle of solving the problem by the device in the embodiment of the present application is similar to the thermal management method in the above embodiment of the present application, the implementation of the device can refer to the implementation of the method, and the repeated parts will not be repeated.

[0076] See also Figure 3 , Figure 3FIG. 1 shows a functional module diagram of a thermal management device provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 3 As shown, the thermal management device includes:

[0077] The detection module 400 is used to detect the ambient temperature in the factory.

[0078] The heating module 410 is used to control the first three-way valve, the second three-way valve, the third three-way valve, the fourth three-way valve and the four-way valve to switch to the heating switch state respectively if the ambient temperature is lower than the first temperature threshold, so that the waste heat generated by the auxiliary equipment and the steam waste heat are used as the heat source to drive the heating cycle, and the heating cycle is completed through the circulating working fluid.

[0079] The cooling module 420 is used to control the first three-way valve, the second three-way valve, the third three-way valve, the fourth three-way valve and the four-way valve to switch to the cooling switch state respectively if the ambient temperature is greater than the second temperature threshold, and use the steam exhaust gas and the heat absorbed from the return water of the cooling cycle as the heat source to drive the cooling cycle, and complete the cooling cycle through the circulating working fluid.

[0080] Based on the same application idea, please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 The schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown. The electronic device 500 includes: a processor 510, a memory 520 and a bus 530, the memory 520 stores machine-readable instructions executable by the processor 510, when the electronic device 500 is running, the processor 510 and the memory 520 communicate through the bus 530, and the machine-readable instructions are executed by the processor 510 when running, such as the steps of the thermal management method provided in any of the above embodiments.

[0081] Based on the same application concept, an embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the thermal management method provided in the above embodiment are executed.

[0082] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and simplicity of description, the specific working process of the system and device described above can refer to the corresponding process in the aforementioned method embodiment, and will not be repeated here. In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed system, device and method can be implemented in other ways. The device embodiments described above are merely schematic. For example, the division of units is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation. For example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some communication interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0083] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0084] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.

[0085] If the function is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium that is executable by a processor. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application, or the part that contributes to the prior art or the part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including a number of instructions to enable a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the various embodiments of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), disk or optical disk, etc., various media that can store program codes.

[0086] The above are only specific implementations of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A thermal management method, characterized in that: Applied to absorption combined cooling and heating system, which includes interconnected hot water production and distribution system and cooling water system. The hot water production and distribution system includes generator, absorber, condenser, evaporator and heat exchanger. The closed cooling water system includes auxiliary equipment heat exchanger and cold source heat exchanger. The generator is connected to the waste heat steam, the heat exchanger and the condenser respectively. The heat exchanger is also connected to the absorber through the solution pump and the first throttle valve respectively. The absorber is connected to the heat supply return water end through the first three-way valve, connected to the condenser through the first circulation pump and connected to the evaporator. The condenser is connected to the evaporator through the second throttle valve. The condenser is also connected to the heat supply end and the third three-way valve through the second three-way valve respectively. The auxiliary equipment heat exchanger is connected to the evaporator through the third three-way valve and the fourth three-way valve in sequence. The evaporator is also connected to the cold supply end through the fourth three-way valve. The auxiliary equipment heat exchanger is also connected to the cold source heat exchanger. The cold source heat exchanger is also connected to the absorber through the four-way valve and the first three-way valve and is connected to the evaporator through the four-way valve and the second circulation pump. The four-way valve is also connected to the cold supply return water end, and the auxiliary equipment heat exchanger is connected to the auxiliary equipment of the nuclear power plant. Among them, the methods include: Detecting the ambient temperature in the plant, if the ambient temperature is less than the first temperature threshold, controlling the first three-way valve, the second three-way valve, the third three-way valve, the fourth three-way valve and the four-way valve to switch to the heating switch state respectively, using the waste heat generated by the auxiliary equipment and the steam waste heat as the heat source to drive the heating cycle, and completing the heating cycle through the circulating working medium; If the ambient temperature is greater than the second temperature threshold, the first three-way valve, the second three-way valve, the third three-way valve, the fourth three-way valve and the four-way valve are controlled to switch to the cooling switch state respectively, and the steam exhaust gas and the heat absorbed from the return water of the cooling cycle are used as the heat source to drive the cooling cycle, and the cooling cycle is completed through the circulating working fluid.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The absorption combined cooling and heating system is controlled to complete the heating cycle by: Controlling the first end and the second end of the first three-way valve to be in a connected state, so that the heating circulating water connected to the heating return water end flows into the absorber through the first three-way valve; The circulating working fluid flowing out of the absorber is transported to the condenser through the first circulating pump; Using waste heat steam to heat the refrigerant solution in the generator, so that a part of the refrigerant solution in the generator evaporates to form high-pressure refrigerant steam, and another part of the refrigerant solution in the generator forms an absorbent concentrated solution, the high-pressure refrigerant steam is input into the condenser, and the absorbent concentrated solution is depressurized through the first throttle and flows into the absorber; The high-pressure refrigerant vapor is condensed by the condenser to release heat to the heating circulating water flowing through the condenser and to deliver the heating circulating water to the second three-way valve, and the condensed liquid refrigerant is dropped through the second throttle valve and delivered to the evaporator; Controlling the first end and the second end of the second three-way valve to be in a connected state, so that the heating circulating water output by the condenser flows into the heating end through the second three-way valve; The circulating working fluid provided by the cooling water system is transported to the auxiliary equipment heat exchanger so that the circulating working fluid absorbs the heat generated by the operation of the auxiliary equipment of the nuclear power plant through the auxiliary equipment heat exchanger; respectively controlling the first end and the second end of the third three-way valve to be in an on state, and controlling the first end and the second end of the fourth three-way valve to be in an on state, so that the circulating working fluid outputted through the auxiliary equipment heat exchanger flows into the evaporator through the third three-way valve and the fourth three-way valve in sequence; evaporate the liquid refrigerant in the evaporator into gaseous refrigerant and control the gaseous refrigerant to flow into the absorber; Control the first end and the third end of the four-way valve to be in an on state, so that the circulating working fluid flowing out of the evaporator flows into the auxiliary equipment heat exchanger through the cold source heat exchanger in sequence under the drive of the second circulating pump; The absorber absorbs the gas refrigerant and releases heat to produce a dilute solution which is combined with the concentrated solution fed back from the generator to form a mixed solution; The heat released by the gas refrigerant is taken away by the heat exchanger through the heating circulating water flowing through the heat exchanger, and the mixed solution is pressurized by the solution pump and returned to the generator.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The absorption combined cooling and heating system is controlled in the following ways to complete the cooling cycle: Controlling the third end and the second end of the first three-way valve to be in a connected state; The circulating water flowing out of the absorber is transported to the condenser through the first circulating pump; Using waste heat steam to heat the refrigerant solution in the generator, so that a part of the refrigerant solution in the generator evaporates to form high-pressure refrigerant steam, and another part of the refrigerant solution in the generator forms an absorbent concentrated solution, the high-pressure refrigerant steam is input into the condenser, and the absorbent concentrated solution is depressurized through a second throttle valve and flows into the absorber; The high-pressure refrigerant vapor is condensed by the condenser to release heat to the circulating water flowing through the condenser, and the circulating water absorbing the condensation heat energy is transported to the second three-way valve, and the condensed liquid refrigerant is depressurized by the second throttle valve and then transported to the evaporator; Respectively control the first end and the third end of the second three-way valve to be in an on state and control the third end and the first end of the third three-way valve to be in an on state, so that the circulating water output from the condenser flows into the auxiliary equipment heat exchanger through the second three-way valve and the third three-way valve in sequence; The low-temperature waste heat generated by the operation of the auxiliary equipment of the nuclear power plant is absorbed by the auxiliary equipment heat exchanger, and the circulating water output by the auxiliary equipment heat exchanger is transported to the cold source heat exchanger for heat dissipation treatment, wherein the circulating water flowing into the cold source heat exchanger carries the operating heat of the auxiliary equipment of the nuclear power plant, the heat dissipation energy generated by the absorption action of the absorber, and the heat released by the condenser condensation heat release; The second end and the third end of the four-way valve are controlled to be in an on state, so that the circulating water outputted from the cold source heat exchanger flows back through the four-way valve and the first three-way valve in sequence and enters the absorber; Controlling the third end and the second end of the fourth three-way valve to be in a connected state, so that the cooling water in the cooling cycle flows into the evaporator through the fourth three-way valve; The liquid refrigerant in the evaporator absorbs heat from the cooling water flowing into the evaporator and evaporates it into gaseous refrigerant, and the gaseous refrigerant is controlled to flow into the absorber; Control the first end and the fourth end of the four-way valve to be in an on state, so that the cooling water flowing out of the evaporator flows into the cooling end through the four-way valve under the drive of the second circulation pump; The absorber absorbs the gas refrigerant and releases heat to produce a dilute solution which is combined with the concentrated solution fed back from the generator to form a mixed solution; The heat released by the gas refrigerant is taken away by the heat exchanger through the heating circulating water flowing through the heat exchanger, and the mixed solution is pressurized by the solution pump and returned to the generator.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The circulating working fluid in the cooling cycle for delivering cold to the cold end and the heating cycle for delivering heat to the hot end is water.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method also includes: determining whether the ambient temperature is less than or equal to a second temperature threshold; If the ambient temperature is less than or equal to the second temperature threshold, the antifreeze liquid is used as the circulating working fluid; If the ambient temperature is greater than the second temperature threshold, water is used as the circulating working medium.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method also includes: According to the demand temperature, the operating pressure range of the equipment in the absorption combined cooling and heating system and the efficiency optimization calculation, the optimal solution concentration and circulation ratio corresponding to the solution in each equipment in the absorption combined cooling and heating system are determined.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method also includes: The circulating water flow in the cooling cycle, heating cycle, steam waste heat, and closed cooling water system is set to a matching state through the circulating flow.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that The steps of setting the circulating water flow in the cooling cycle, the heating cycle, the steam waste heat, and the closed cooling water system to a matching state by circulating flow include: In the heating cycle, the high-temperature heat source power provided by the steam waste heat is matched with the low-temperature heat source power provided by the auxiliary equipment waste heat; During the cooling cycle, the high-temperature heat source power provided by the steam waste heat is matched with the cooling power of the closed cooling water system, and the circulating water temperature of the closed cooling water system is matched with the condensing temperature inside the condenser and the absorption temperature inside the absorber.

9. An absorption type combined cooling and heating system, characterized in that: The absorption combined cooling and heating system includes an interconnected hot water production and distribution system and a cooling water system. The hot water production and distribution system includes a generator, an absorber, a condenser, an evaporator and a heat exchanger. The closed cooling water system includes an auxiliary equipment heat exchanger and a cold source heat exchanger. The generator is connected to the waste heat steam, the heat exchanger and the condenser respectively. The heat exchanger is also connected to the absorber through the solution pump and the first throttle valve respectively. The absorber is connected to the heat supply return water end through the first three-way valve, connected to the condenser through the first circulation pump and connected to the evaporator. The condenser is connected to the evaporator through the second throttle valve. The condenser is also connected to the heat supply end and the third three-way valve through the second three-way valve respectively. The auxiliary equipment heat exchanger is connected to the evaporator through the third three-way valve and the fourth three-way valve in sequence. The evaporator is also connected to the cold supply end through the fourth three-way valve. The auxiliary equipment heat exchanger is also connected to the cold source heat exchanger. The cold source heat exchanger is also connected to the absorber through the four-way valve and the first three-way valve and is connected to the evaporator through the four-way valve and the second circulation pump. The four-way valve is also connected to the cold supply return water end, and the auxiliary equipment heat exchanger is connected to the auxiliary equipment of the nuclear power plant. The absorption combined cooling and heating system further comprises a processor, and the processor is used to execute the thermal management method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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