Multi-parameter optical analysis device for nondestructive testing of wheat quality

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-parameter optical analysis device for nondestructive testing of wheat quality, and relates to the technical field of agricultural detection.The optical analysis device comprises a light source module, an optical coupling module, a signal detection module, a data processing module and a display and output module. The optical characteristics of a wheat sample can be comprehensively and deeply obtained by combining a multi-wavelength light source and a signal processing algorithm, the content of protein and moisture key components is accurately analyzed by utilizing the specific response of light with different wavelengths to the internal components of wheat, the pollution and damage of the sample are avoided by non-contact detection, and the detection accuracy is improved. And error factors caused by physical contact are reduced, so that the accuracy and the reliability of a detection result are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural detection, in particular to a multi-parameter optical analysis device for non-destructive detection of wheat quality. Background Art

[0002] Wheat is an important food crop widely grown around the world. Its quality is directly related to food safety, nutritional value and market value. In the production, processing and trade of wheat, accurate, rapid and non-destructive testing of its quality is a crucial link. With the advancement of agricultural modernization and the growing market demand for high-quality wheat, the requirements for wheat quality testing technology are also increasing.

[0003] However, traditional wheat quality testing technologies usually rely on chemical analysis and physical destruction. These technologies are cumbersome to operate and require a lot of time and manpower. They are difficult to meet the needs of modern large-scale production and rapid testing. Due to the destructive operation of samples, it is impossible to conduct multiple tests and subsequent research on the same batch of samples, resulting in a waste of sample resources. In addition, the use of chemical reagents not only increases the testing cost, but also causes certain pollution to the environment.

[0004] To sum up, nondestructive testing of wheat quality is of great significance for ensuring food security and improving industrial efficiency. Therefore, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a multi-parameter optical analysis device for nondestructive testing of wheat quality, aiming to achieve rapid, accurate and nondestructive testing of wheat quality through optical technology and data processing algorithms, while taking into account the comprehensiveness, economy and practicality of the testing, so as to meet the needs of large-scale wheat quality testing. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to make up for the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a multi-parameter optical analysis device for non-destructive detection of wheat quality. By adopting non-contact detection technology, comprehensive non-destructive detection of wheat quality can be achieved. During the detection process, no damage will be caused to the sample in any form, and the integrity of the sample will be maintained. This comprehensive non-destructive detection device can not only improve the detection efficiency, but also ensure that the sample continues to play a role in subsequent research and applications, thereby reducing the detection cost and improving the overall economic benefits.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a multi-parameter optical analysis device for non-destructive detection of wheat quality, the components of which include: a light source module, an optical coupling module, a signal detection module, a data processing module, and a display and output module;

[0007] The light source module selects different light sources to perform specific detection on different parameters of wheat quality, designs a light homogenization optical element, i.e., a microlens array, to homogenize the light emitted by the light source, quickly switches light sources of different wavelengths according to detection requirements, and precisely modulates the light intensity;

[0008] The optical coupling module uses air coupling technology and achieves efficient light transmission and avoids medium influence with optimized optical design. High-precision focusing and collimation ensure accurate irradiation. It also has automatic focusing and light intensity adaptive adjustment functions, real-time monitoring and adjustment of parameters, adapting to different detection environments and sample conditions, and always maintaining the best light coupling effect, laying the foundation for accurate detection.

[0009] The signal detection module is equipped with a highly sensitive photoelectric detector for receiving light signals after being acted upon by the wheat sample, and adopts a laser induced fluorescence (LIF) detection method to detect the fluorescence signals emitted by trace biomarkers in wheat;

[0010] The data processing module collects, processes and analyzes the detected light signals and fluorescence signals, and uses algorithms to extract multi-parameter features, namely color, shape, and texture, to comprehensively evaluate the quality of wheat;

[0011] The display and output module displays the test results to the user in the form of data charts, provides a data output interface, interacts with other devices and systems, and automatically generates a test report based on user needs. The report content includes sample information, test parameters, test results, and analysis conclusions.

[0012] Furthermore, when selecting a light source for nondestructive testing of wheat quality, the light source module comprehensively considers multiple key parameters of wheat quality and the interaction between different light and these parameters, and deeply studies the optical properties of the main components of protein, amino acids, moisture, and starch in wheat, so as to effectively excite and detect the range of these components, specifically including:

[0013] For the detection of proteins and amino acids, ultraviolet light sources are selected because the chemical bonds in proteins and amino acids can absorb light energy and produce specific optical responses. By detecting this response, the content of proteins and amino acids can be calculated;

[0014] For the evaluation of color-related parameters, a visible light source is selected, which can reflect the surface color characteristics of wheat, namely the depth and uniformity of color, thus providing a basis for judging the appearance quality of wheat;

[0015] When detecting the moisture and starch content, a near-infrared light source is selected. When the near-infrared light interacts with water molecules and starch molecules, its absorption and scattering characteristics will change significantly. By accurately measuring these changes, the moisture and starch content can be calculated.

[0016] Furthermore, the specific steps of the optical coupling module are:

[0017] Light source selection and modulation: According to the detection requirements, select the light source from the light source module, and control the light intensity to stabilize the light signal irradiated on the wheat sample;

[0018] Optical path optimization and coupling: Using air coupling technology, the optical signal emitted by the light source is efficiently transmitted to the surface of the wheat sample through optimized optical components. During the transmission process, the collimation and uniformity of the optical signal are ensured to avoid attenuation and distortion of the optical signal.

[0019] Autofocus and light intensity adaptation: Start the autofocus function to automatically adjust the position of the optical components according to the position and shape of the wheat sample, so that the light signal can be accurately irradiated to the sample, and the light intensity change can be monitored in real time. Through the light intensity adaptive adjustment function, the light intensity irradiated to the sample can be kept stable;

[0020] Signal monitoring and feedback: During the optical signal transmission and coupling process, the quality and stability of the optical signal are monitored in real time. If the optical signal is abnormal or unstable, the parameters of the light source and optical components can be adjusted in time through the feedback mechanism to ensure that the optical coupling effect is always maintained in the optimal state.

[0021] Furthermore, the optical path optimization and coupling in the optical coupling module uses air as the coupling medium, and realizes efficient transmission of the light beam by designing an optimized light path layout and focusing structure. The shape and size of the incident light beam are adjusted by using a beam shaping algorithm to match the optimal coupling area of ​​the sample surface, that is, Among them, the reflectivity of the sample surface is R, the initial energy distribution of the incident light beam is E0(x, y), E(x, y) is the energy distribution of the beam after shaping, (x0, y0) is the position coordinate of the center of the beam, σ is the width parameter of the beam, which is used to control the concentration of the energy distribution, and α is the distance attenuation coefficient, which characterizes the influence of the detection distance d on the coupling efficiency. represents the Gaussian distribution function of the beam, It is used to adjust the beam shape and dynamically adjust the energy distribution of the beam according to the change of the reflectivity of the sample surface to ensure the best coupling effect at different detection distances.

[0022] Furthermore, the optical coupling module automatically adjusts the position of the focusing lens according to the contrast information of the sample surface to achieve the best focusing effect, and dynamically adjusts the light intensity according to the change of the reflectivity of the sample surface to ensure the best detection effect under different sample surface conditions. The new focus position and light intensity adjustment calculation formula is: The average reflectivity of the sample surface is R m , the target focus position is z, the current light intensity is I, R this the threshold reflectivity set to determine whether the focus position and light intensity need to be adjusted, k z is the adjustment coefficient of the focus position, which determines the amount of change in the focus position. β is the sensitivity coefficient of the light intensity adjustment, which determines the amplitude of the change of light intensity with reflectivity. The light intensity and focus position are monitored and adjusted in real time through calculation to adapt to different detection environments and sample conditions.

[0023] Furthermore, the specific steps of the signal detection module are:

[0024] Optical signal collection: Through the optical coupling module, the light of different wavelengths emitted by the light source module is accurately irradiated onto the wheat sample. The wheat sample absorbs part of the light and reflects, scatters and transmits another part of the light. The photodetector is used to collect the reflected, scattered and transmitted light signals.

[0025] Fluorescence signal collection: Use a laser light source to excite the fluorescent substances in the wheat samples. The biomarkers in the wheat samples will emit fluorescence after excitation, and these fluorescence signals are captured by a fluorescence detector;

[0026] Signal conversion: The photodetector converts the collected light and fluorescence signals into electrical signals and performs necessary amplification processing on the electrical signals;

[0027] Signal transmission: The processed electrical signal is transmitted to the data processing module for further analysis and processing.

[0028] Furthermore, the signal detection module calculates the optical signal strength during the optical signal collection process, that is, I opt =I0×(1-A abs )×(R+S+T), I0 represents the initial intensity of the light source. When the light emitted by the light source irradiates the wheat sample, the wheat sample will absorb, reflect, scatter and transmit the light. A abs It represents the ratio of light absorption by the wheat sample, which depends on the composition, structure of the wheat and the wavelength of the light source. R represents the reflection ratio, that is, the part of the light reflected by the surface of the wheat sample. S represents the scattering ratio, that is, the part of the light that changes direction due to scattering inside the wheat. T represents the transmission ratio, that is, the part of the light that directly passes through the wheat sample. The formula calculation can comprehensively consider the various effects of the wheat sample on light, thereby accurately calculating the intensity of the light signal finally collected by the detector.

[0029] Furthermore, the signal detection module collects the fluorescence signal and calculates the intensity of the excitation light source to understand the key factors affecting the fluorescence signal intensity, namely, I fluo = k × I exc ×C×φ,I excrepresents the intensity of the excitation light source, which excites the fluorescent substance in the wheat sample to make it fluoresce. C represents the concentration of the biomarker in the wheat sample. The higher the concentration of the biomarker, the stronger the fluorescence signal generated after excitation. φ is the fluorescence quantum yield, which reflects the efficiency of the fluorescent substance in converting the absorbed light energy into fluorescence emission. Different fluorescent substances have different quantum yields. k is the detection constant. For an increase in the intensity of the excitation light source, I exc At the same time, the concentration of biomarkers in wheat samples is high C, and the quantum yield of fluorescent substances is high φ, making the collected fluorescence signal intensity I fluo Significantly enhanced.

[0030] Furthermore, the signal detection module converts the collected optical signals and fluorescent signals into electrical signals. By distinguishing the conversion gains of optical signals and fluorescent signals, different types of signals can be accurately converted into voltages. The contribution of optical signals and fluorescent signals to the final detection results is comprehensively considered. The introduction of the amplification factor enhances the originally weak conversion voltage. The signal conversion formula is: V out =G opt ×I opt +G fluo ×I fluo , V out is the total output voltage after conversion, G opt is the conversion gain of the optical signal, I opt is the intensity of the collected optical signal, G fluo is the conversion gain of the fluorescence signal, I fluo is the intensity of the collected fluorescence signal. To enhance the output voltage, an amplifier is used to amplify it. The amplification factor is set to A, and the amplified voltage is V amp =V out ×A,V amp is the amplified voltage, A is the amplifier gain, and the converted voltage V out By multiplying the amplification factor A, a voltage signal of sufficient strength can be obtained for subsequent data processing and analysis.

[0031] Furthermore, the data processing module collects, processes and analyzes the detected light signal and fluorescence signal, uses an algorithm to extract the characteristics of the light signal voltage, and calculates its mean value M opt , standard deviation S opt , peak value P opt ,Right now Among them, V opt_amp is the voltage after conversion and amplification, n is the number of sampling points, and for the fluorescence signal voltage, feature extraction is also performed to obtain M fluo , S fluo , P fluo, a quality evaluation model was established, that is, there is a linear relationship between the quality parameter Q of wheat and the characteristic values ​​of the light signal and the fluorescence signal, and the formula is: Q = a × M opt +b×S opt +c×P opt +d×M fluo +e×S fluo +f×P fluo +g, a, b, c, d, e, f are weight coefficients, g is a constant. By using a large amount of wheat sample data of known quality for training, the coefficients and constants are continuously optimized, so that the model can more accurately predict the quality of wheat based on the input signal characteristic values, providing a reliable quality assessment basis for wheat production and processing.

[0032] Compared with the existing technology, the multi-parameter optical analysis device for non-destructive detection of wheat quality has the following beneficial effects:

[0033] 1. The present invention uses non-contact detection technology in combination with multiple wavelength light sources and signal processing algorithms to comprehensively and deeply acquire the optical characteristics of wheat samples, and utilizes the specific response of different wavelengths of light to the internal components of wheat to accurately analyze the content of key components such as protein and moisture. Non-contact detection avoids contamination and damage of samples and reduces error factors introduced by physical contact, thereby significantly improving the accuracy and reliability of the test results.

[0034] 2. The present invention can quickly complete the detection of wheat samples. Through automated detection procedures and real-time data processing, the detection time is shortened and the detection efficiency is improved. The characteristics of non-contact detection enable it to adapt to wheat samples of various forms and states, and perform accurate detection without destroying the samples. Air coupling technology can effectively avoid medium interference and maintain good detection effects even in different detection environments. It captures the fluorescent signals of trace biomarkers in wheat, provides a new dimension for quality assessment, and helps to improve the quality standards and market competitiveness of the wheat industry.

[0035] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be set forth in part in the following description and, in part, will be apparent to those skilled in the art based on an examination of the following or may be taught from the practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0037] Figure 1 Operation flow chart of the multi-parameter optical analysis device for non-destructive detection of wheat quality.

[0038] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the specific steps of the signal detection module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] Embodiment 1

[0041] This embodiment describes in detail the specific implementation process of a multi-parameter optical analysis device for non-destructive detection of wheat quality. The optical analysis device is mainly composed of a light source module, an optical coupling module, a signal detection module, a data processing module, and a display and output module. Each module works together to achieve accurate detection of wheat quality.

[0042] In the specific implementation, first, the light source module is responsible for selecting light sources of different wavelengths to perform specific detection on different parameters of wheat quality, and selecting the appropriate light source type according to the detection requirements. For example, for the detection of protein and amino acid content, ultraviolet light source is selected; and for the evaluation of color-related parameters, visible light source is selected; when detecting moisture and starch content, near-infrared light source is used, and then a microlens array is designed to achieve uniform processing of the light emitted by the light source, so as to ensure that each sample area can receive the same intensity of light, and a light intensity modulation unit is configured to quickly switch light sources of different wavelengths and accurately modulate the light intensity to meet different detection requirements. In this way, we can effectively stimulate and detect the main components of wheat such as protein, amino acids, moisture and starch, and then deduce the content of these components.

[0043] Next, start the light source module, select the appropriate ultraviolet, visible or near-infrared light source according to the preset detection parameters, and irradiate the light onto the wheat sample through the optical coupling module. At this stage, the air coupling technology of the optical coupling module plays a role, ensuring that the light signal is efficiently and stably transmitted to the sample while avoiding medium interference. When detecting the protein and amino acid content, select the ultraviolet light source, and its light is accurately irradiated onto the wheat sample through the optimized optical path. After the wheat sample absorbs part of the light, it reflects, scatters and transmits another part of the light. The photodetector and fluorescence detector in the signal detection module collect these light signals and fluorescence signals respectively.

[0044] Subsequently, the signal detection module is responsible for collecting and processing the optical signals and fluorescence signals from the wheat samples. The light of different wavelengths emitted by the light source module is accurately irradiated onto the wheat samples through the optical coupling module. The wheat samples absorb part of the light and reflect, scatter and transmit another part of the light. These reflected, scattered and transmitted light signals are collected by highly sensitive photodetectors. At the same time, we use laser light sources to excite the fluorescent substances in the wheat samples. The biomarkers in the wheat samples will emit fluorescence after excitation. These fluorescence signals are captured by fluorescence detectors. The photodetector converts the collected optical and fluorescent signals into electrical signals and performs necessary amplification processing on the electrical signals. The processed electrical signals are transmitted to the data processing module for further analysis and processing. This series of signal collection and conversion processes ensures the accuracy and integrity of the detection data.

[0045] Secondly, the data processing module collects, processes and analyzes the collected light signals and fluorescence signals, extracts features from the light signal voltage, and calculates its statistical parameters such as mean, standard deviation and peak value. Feature extraction is also performed on the fluorescence signal voltage to obtain the corresponding statistical parameters and establish a quality assessment model. That is, there is a linear relationship between the quality parameters of wheat and the characteristic values ​​of the light signal and fluorescence signal. By using a large amount of wheat sample data of known quality for training, the weight coefficients and constants in the model are continuously optimized, so that the model can more accurately predict the quality of wheat based on the input signal characteristic values, observe the test results, and automatically generate a test report according to user needs. The report content includes sample information, test parameters, test results and analysis conclusions.

[0046] Finally, the display and output module is responsible for displaying the test results to the user in the form of data charts and providing a data output interface to realize data interaction with other devices and systems. A user-friendly interface is designed through which users can view the test results, including sample information, test parameters, test results and analysis conclusions. A data output interface is developed so that the test data can easily interact with other devices and systems. Users can also automatically generate test reports according to their own needs. These reports not only contain detailed test information, but also provide intuitive data charts to help users better understand and analyze the test results. Through this series of designs, it is ensured that users can obtain the required information conveniently and quickly, and it also provides convenience for subsequent data analysis and research.

[0047] In summary, the components of the multi-parameter optical analysis device for nondestructive detection of wheat quality provided in this embodiment include the collaborative work of a light source module, an optical coupling module, a signal detection module, a data processing module, and a display and output module. Through a precisely designed microlens array, uniform processing of the light source is achieved, and light sources of different wavelengths of ultraviolet, visible light and near-infrared can be quickly switched according to detection requirements. The optical properties of the main components of protein, amino acids, moisture and starch in wheat are fully considered, ensuring the pertinence and effectiveness of the detection process.

[0048] Embodiment 2

[0049] This embodiment provides a multi-parameter optical analysis device for non-destructive detection of wheat quality. Through the coordinated work of an optical coupling module, a signal detection module, and a data processing module, and by utilizing air coupling technology, the signal attenuation and distortion problems caused by traditional medium coupling are avoided. The light beam energy distribution is dynamically adjusted according to the surface reflectivity of the sample to ensure stable transmission of the optical signal at different detection distances. At the same time, the autofocus and light intensity adaptation functions monitor and adjust the position of the optical elements and the light intensity in real time to ensure the best optical coupling effect.

[0050] In the specific implementation, according to the characteristics of the wheat sample to be tested and the detection requirements, a suitable light source is selected from the light source module. By precisely controlling the light intensity, the light signal irradiated on the wheat sample is ensured to be stable. For example, when the moisture content of wheat needs to be detected, a near-infrared light source is selected, and the light intensity is adjusted to achieve the optimal detection state. The air coupling technology is used to optimize the design of the optical element to efficiently transmit the light signal emitted by the light source to the surface of the wheat sample. During the transmission process, the collimation and uniformity of the light signal are ensured to avoid attenuation and distortion of the light signal. The beam shaping algorithm is used to adjust the shape and size of the incident light beam to match the optimal coupling area of ​​the sample surface. The formula is: Among them, the reflectivity of the sample surface is R, the initial energy distribution of the incident light beam is E0(x, y), E(x, y) is the energy distribution of the beam after shaping, (x0, y0) is the position coordinate of the center of the beam, and the energy distribution of the beam is dynamically adjusted to ensure the best coupling effect at different detection distances.

[0051] Then, the autofocus function is started, and the position of the optical element is automatically adjusted according to the position and morphology of the wheat sample, so that the light signal can be accurately irradiated onto the sample. At the same time, the light intensity change is monitored in real time. The light intensity irradiated onto the sample is kept stable through the light intensity adaptive adjustment function. According to the contrast information of the sample surface, the position of the focusing lens is automatically adjusted to achieve the best focusing effect, and the light intensity is dynamically adjusted according to the change of the reflectivity of the sample surface. The new focus position and light intensity adjustment calculation formula are: The average reflectivity of the sample surface is R m, the target focus position is z, the current light intensity is I, R th is the threshold reflectivity set to determine whether the focus position and light intensity need to be adjusted, k z is the adjustment coefficient of the focus position, which determines the change in the focus position. β is the sensitivity coefficient of the light intensity adjustment, which determines the amplitude of the change of light intensity with reflectivity. During the transmission and coupling of optical signals, the quality and stability of the optical signal are monitored in real time. Once the optical signal is found to be abnormal and unstable, the parameters of the light source and optical components are adjusted in time through the feedback mechanism to ensure that the optical coupling effect is always maintained in the optimal state.

[0052] Secondly, the light of different wavelengths emitted by the light source module is accurately irradiated onto the wheat sample through the optical coupling module. The wheat sample absorbs, reflects, scatters and transmits the light. The photodetector collects the reflected, scattered and transmitted light signals. In the process of light signal collection, the light signal intensity is calculated. The formula is I opt =I0×(1-A abs )×(R+S+T), I0 represents the initial intensity of the light source. When the light emitted by the light source irradiates the wheat sample, the wheat sample will absorb, reflect, scatter and transmit the light. A abs I represents the ratio of light absorption by the wheat sample, which depends on the composition, structure and wavelength of the wheat light source. R represents the reflection ratio, that is, the part of the light reflected by the surface of the wheat sample. S represents the scattering ratio. This formula comprehensively considers the various effects of the wheat sample on light and accurately calculates the intensity of the light signal finally collected by the detector. The fluorescent substance in the wheat sample is excited by a laser light source. The biomarkers in the wheat sample will emit fluorescence after excitation. These fluorescence signals are captured by the fluorescence detector. For fluorescence signal collection, the key factors affecting the intensity of the fluorescence signal are understood by calculating the intensity of the excitation light source. The formula is: I fluo = k × I exc ×C×φ,I exc represents the intensity of the excitation light source, which excites the fluorescent substance in the wheat sample to make it fluoresce. C represents the concentration of the biomarker in the wheat sample. The higher the concentration of the biomarker, the stronger the fluorescence signal generated after excitation. φ is the fluorescence quantum yield. When the intensity of the excitation light source increases, the concentration of the biomarker in the wheat sample is high, and the quantum yield of the fluorescent substance is high, the intensity of the collected fluorescence signal will be significantly enhanced. The photodetector converts the collected light signal and fluorescence signal into electrical signals. By distinguishing the conversion gain of the light signal and the fluorescence signal, it can accurately convert different types of signals into voltages. Considering the contribution of the light signal and the fluorescence signal to the final detection result, the signal conversion formula is: V out =G opt ×I opt +G fluo ×Ifluo , V out is the total output voltage after conversion, G opt is the conversion gain of the optical signal, I opt is the intensity of the collected optical signal, G fluo is the conversion gain of the fluorescence signal, I fluo It is the intensity of the collected fluorescence signal, and the processed electrical signal is transmitted to the data processing module for further analysis and processing.

[0053] Finally, the data processing module receives the electrical signal from the signal detection module, collects and preliminarily processes the optical signal and the fluorescence signal, removes noise and interference signals, improves the signal quality, extracts the characteristics of the optical signal voltage, and calculates its mean value M. opt , standard deviation S opt , peak value P opt , the formula is: V opt_amp is the converted and amplified voltage, n is the number of sampling points, and a quality evaluation model is established, that is, there is a linear relationship between the quality parameter Q of wheat and the characteristic values ​​of the light signal and the fluorescence signal, and the formula is Q = a × M opt +b×S opt +c×P opt +d×M fluo +e×S fluo +f×P fluo +g, a, b, c, d, e, f are weight coefficients, g is a constant. By using a large amount of wheat sample data with known quality for training, the coefficients and constants are continuously optimized, so that the model can more accurately predict the quality of wheat based on the input signal characteristic values, and substitute the extracted characteristic values ​​into the quality evaluation model to calculate the quality parameters of wheat, thereby evaluating the quality of wheat. The test results are displayed to the user in the form of data charts, and a data output interface is provided to automatically generate a test report according to user needs. The report content includes sample information, test parameters, test results, and analysis conclusions.

[0055] To sum up, the multi-parameter optical analysis device for nondestructive detection of wheat quality in this embodiment realizes comprehensive, rapid and nondestructive detection of wheat quality by comprehensively using optical coupling, high-sensitivity signal detection and data processing technology. The device not only improves the detection efficiency and accuracy, but also avoids the damage to samples by traditional detection methods and reduces the detection cost. The device plays an important role in wheat production, processing and trade, and provides strong support for improving the overall quality and competitiveness of the wheat industry.

[0056] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

Claims

1. A multi-parameter optical analysis device for non-destructive detection of wheat quality, characterized in that: The components of the optical analysis device include: a light source module, an optical coupling module, a signal detection module, a data processing module, and a display and output module; The light source module selects different light sources to perform specific detection on different parameters of wheat quality, designs a light homogenization optical element, i.e., a microlens array, to homogenize the light emitted by the light source, quickly switches light sources of different wavelengths according to detection requirements, and precisely modulates the light intensity; The optical coupling module uses air coupling technology and achieves efficient light transmission and avoids medium influence with optimized optical design. High-precision focusing and collimation ensure accurate irradiation. It also has automatic focusing and light intensity adaptive adjustment functions, real-time monitoring and adjustment of parameters, adapting to different detection environments and sample conditions, and always maintaining the best light coupling effect, laying the foundation for accurate detection. The signal detection module is equipped with a highly sensitive photoelectric detector for receiving light signals after being acted upon by the wheat sample, and adopts a laser induced fluorescence (LIF) detection method to detect the fluorescence signals emitted by trace biomarkers in wheat; The data processing module collects, processes and analyzes the detected light signals and fluorescence signals, and uses algorithms to extract multi-parameter features, namely color, shape, and texture, to comprehensively evaluate the quality of wheat; The display and output module displays the test results to the user in the form of data charts, provides a data output interface, interacts with other devices and systems, and automatically generates a test report based on user needs. The report content includes sample information, test parameters, test results, and analysis conclusions.

2. The multi-parameter optical analysis device for nondestructive detection of wheat quality according to claim 1, characterized in that: When selecting a light source for non-destructive testing of wheat quality, the light source module comprehensively considers multiple key parameters of wheat quality and the interaction between different light and these parameters, and deeply studies the optical properties of the main components of protein, amino acids, moisture, and starch in wheat, so as to effectively excite and detect the range of these components, including: For the detection of proteins and amino acids, ultraviolet light sources are selected because the chemical bonds in proteins and amino acids can absorb light energy and produce specific optical responses. By detecting this response, the content of proteins and amino acids can be calculated; For the evaluation of color-related parameters, a visible light source is selected, which can reflect the surface color characteristics of wheat, namely the depth and uniformity of color, thus providing a basis for judging the appearance quality of wheat; When detecting the moisture and starch content, a near-infrared light source is selected. When the near-infrared light interacts with water molecules and starch molecules, its absorption and scattering characteristics will change significantly. By accurately measuring these changes, the moisture and starch content can be calculated.

3. The multi-parameter optical analysis device for nondestructive detection of wheat quality according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps of the optical coupling module are: Light source selection and modulation: According to the detection requirements, select the light source from the light source module, and control the light intensity to stabilize the light signal irradiated on the wheat sample; Optical path optimization and coupling: Using air coupling technology, the optical signal emitted by the light source is efficiently transmitted to the surface of the wheat sample through optimized optical components. During the transmission process, the collimation and uniformity of the optical signal are ensured to avoid attenuation and distortion of the optical signal. Autofocus and light intensity adaptation: Start the autofocus function to automatically adjust the position of the optical components according to the position and shape of the wheat sample, so that the light signal can be accurately irradiated to the sample, and the light intensity change can be monitored in real time. Through the light intensity adaptive adjustment function, the light intensity irradiated to the sample can be kept stable; Signal monitoring and feedback: During the optical signal transmission and coupling process, the quality and stability of the optical signal are monitored in real time. If the optical signal is abnormal or unstable, the parameters of the light source and optical components can be adjusted in time through the feedback mechanism to ensure that the optical coupling effect is always maintained in the optimal state.

4. The multi-parameter optical analysis device for nondestructive detection of wheat quality according to claim 3, characterized in that: The optical path optimization and coupling in the optical coupling module uses air as the coupling medium, and realizes efficient transmission of the light beam by designing an optimized light path layout and focusing structure. The shape and size of the incident light beam are adjusted by using a beam shaping algorithm to match the optimal coupling area of ​​the sample surface, that is, Among them, the reflectivity of the sample surface is R, the initial energy distribution of the incident light beam is E0(x, y), E(x, y) is the energy distribution of the beam after shaping, (x0, y0) is the position coordinate of the center of the beam, σ is the width parameter of the beam, which is used to control the concentration of the energy distribution, and α is the distance attenuation coefficient, which characterizes the influence of the detection distance d on the coupling efficiency. represents the Gaussian distribution function of the beam, It is used to adjust the beam shape and dynamically adjust the energy distribution of the beam according to the change of the reflectivity of the sample surface to ensure the best coupling effect at different detection distances.

5. The multi-parameter optical analysis device for nondestructive detection of wheat quality according to claim 3, characterized in that: The optical coupling module automatically adjusts the position of the focusing lens according to the contrast information of the sample surface to achieve the best focusing effect, and dynamically adjusts the light intensity according to the change of the reflectivity of the sample surface to ensure the best detection effect under different sample surface conditions. The new focus position and light intensity adjustment calculation formula is: new =z+k z ·(R m -R th ), The average reflectivity of the sample surface is R m , the target focus position is z, the current light intensity is I, R th is the threshold reflectivity set to determine whether the focus position and light intensity need to be adjusted, k z is the adjustment coefficient of the focus position, which determines the amount of change in the focus position. β is the sensitivity coefficient of the light intensity adjustment, which determines the amplitude of the change of light intensity with reflectivity. The light intensity and focus position are monitored and adjusted in real time through calculation to adapt to different detection environments and sample conditions.

6. The multi-parameter optical analysis device for nondestructive testing of wheat quality according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps of the signal detection module are: Optical signal collection: Through the optical coupling module, the light of different wavelengths emitted by the light source module is accurately irradiated onto the wheat sample. The wheat sample absorbs part of the light and reflects, scatters and transmits another part of the light. The photodetector is used to collect the reflected, scattered and transmitted light signals. Fluorescence signal collection: Use a laser light source to excite the fluorescent substances in the wheat samples. The biomarkers in the wheat samples will emit fluorescence after excitation, and these fluorescence signals are captured by a fluorescence detector; Signal conversion: The photodetector converts the collected light and fluorescence signals into electrical signals and performs necessary amplification processing on the electrical signals; Signal transmission: The processed electrical signal is transmitted to the data processing module for further analysis and processing.

7. The multi-parameter optical analysis device for nondestructive detection of wheat quality according to claim 6, characterized in that: The signal detection module calculates the light signal intensity during the light signal collection process, i.e., I opt =I0×(1-A abs )×(R+S+T), I0 represents the initial intensity of the light source. When the light emitted by the light source irradiates the wheat sample, the wheat sample will absorb, reflect, scatter and transmit the light. A abs It represents the ratio of light absorption by the wheat sample, which depends on the composition, structure of the wheat and the wavelength of the light source. R represents the reflection ratio, that is, the part of the light reflected by the surface of the wheat sample. S represents the scattering ratio, that is, the part of the light that changes direction due to scattering inside the wheat. T represents the transmission ratio, that is, the part of the light that directly passes through the wheat sample. The formula calculation can comprehensively consider the various effects of the wheat sample on light, thereby accurately calculating the intensity of the light signal finally collected by the detector.

8. The multi-parameter optical analysis device for nondestructive detection of wheat quality according to claim 6, characterized in that: The signal detection module collects the fluorescence signal and calculates the intensity of the excitation light source to understand the key factors affecting the fluorescence signal intensity, namely, I fluo = k × I exc ×C×φ,I exc represents the intensity of the excitation light source, which excites the fluorescent substance in the wheat sample to make it fluoresce. C represents the concentration of the biomarker in the wheat sample. The higher the concentration of the biomarker, the stronger the fluorescence signal generated after excitation. φ is the fluorescence quantum yield, which reflects the efficiency of the fluorescent substance in converting the absorbed light energy into fluorescence emission. Different fluorescent substances have different quantum yields. k is the detection constant. For an increase in the intensity of the excitation light source, I exc At the same time, the concentration of biomarkers in wheat samples is high C, and the quantum yield of fluorescent substances is high φ, making the collected fluorescence signal intensity I fluo Significantly enhanced.

9. The multi-parameter optical analysis device for nondestructive testing of wheat quality according to claim 8, characterized in that: The signal detection module converts the collected optical signals and fluorescent signals into electrical signals. By distinguishing the conversion gains of optical signals and fluorescent signals, it can accurately convert different types of signals into voltages. The contribution of optical signals and fluorescent signals to the final detection results is comprehensively considered. The introduction of the amplification factor enhances the originally weak conversion voltage. The signal conversion formula is: V out =G opt ×I opt +G fluo ×I fluo , V out is the total output voltage after conversion, G opt is the conversion gain of the optical signal, I opt is the intensity of the collected optical signal, G fluo is the conversion gain of the fluorescence signal, I fluo is the intensity of the collected fluorescence signal. To enhance the output voltage, an amplifier is used to amplify it. The amplification factor is set to A, and the amplified voltage is V amp =V out ×A,V amp is the amplified voltage, A is the amplifier gain, and the converted voltage V out By multiplying the amplification factor A, a voltage signal of sufficient strength can be obtained for subsequent data processing and analysis.

10. The multi-parameter optical analysis device for nondestructive testing of wheat quality according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data processing module collects, processes and analyzes the detected light signal and fluorescence signal, uses an algorithm to extract the characteristics of the light signal voltage, and calculates its mean value M opt , standard deviation S opt , peak value P opt ,Right now Among them, V opt_amp is the voltage after conversion and amplification, n is the number of sampling points, and for the fluorescence signal voltage, feature extraction is also performed to obtain M fluo , S fluo , P fluo , a quality evaluation model was established, that is, there is a linear relationship between the quality parameter Q of wheat and the characteristic values ​​of the light signal and the fluorescence signal, and the formula is: Q = a × M opt +b×S opt +c×P opt +d×M fluo +e×S fluo +f×P fluo +g, a, b, c, d, e, f are weight coefficients, g is a constant. By using a large amount of wheat sample data of known quality for training, the coefficients and constants are continuously optimized, so that the model can more accurately predict the quality of wheat based on the input signal characteristic values, providing a reliable quality assessment basis for wheat production and processing.

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