Method for building traffic tunnel, pipeline tunnel or pressure water tunnel in tuba building mode

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for constructing a traffic tunnel, a pipe tunnel or a pressurized water tunnel in a tubule construction manner, in which tubule members (10) are assembled in a machine-produced bore in a rock or soil layer to form a closed lining in the form of a tubule, and an annular gap between the bore and the outer wall of the tubule is filled with a composition, in which the tubule members (10) are connected to the tubule members (10) and the tubule members (10) and the tubule members (10) are connected to the tubule members (10). The present invention relates to a composition comprising a reaction resin cured by polymerization and a filler, the filler being fed to the reaction resin cured by polymerization before or during transport into the annular gap, the reaction resin being mixed with the filler and dispersed in the filler, characterized in that the composition is free of cement, and in that the composition is free of cement. And the filler comprises an inorganic material that does not react with water, the inorganic material having an average particle size of < = 500 [mu] m.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a method for constructing a traffic tunnel, a pipeline tunnel (for power, water or gas pipelines) or a pressure water tunnel (driving water tunnel for a hydroelectric power station) by means of a Chubbin tube construction method, wherein Chubbin tube components are assembled in a machine-produced hole in a rock or soil layer to form a closed lining in the form of a Chubbin tube, and the annular gap between the hole and the outer wall of the Chubbin tube is filled with a reaction resin and a filler that is cured by polymerization. Background Art

[0002] A tunnel construction method of this type, the Chubin tube construction method, is known from EP 3 913 186 A1. In this known method, the annular gap between the outer wall of the Chubin tube and the surrounding rock is filled with a mixture consisting of cement as filler and a reaction resin that cures by polymerization.

[0003] Most tunnel construction guidelines are also based on the use of a one-component cement suspension / mortar or a two-component cement-water glass combination as filler material, so that the filler material has sufficient load-bearing capacity.

[0004] However, a large amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) is released during cement production. Hydroxyl ions are also released during the reaction of cement with water, which accumulate in the surrounding soil and groundwater. This can cause the pH value of groundwater in these places to increase and cause the heavy metals contained therein, such as cadmium or arsenic, to move. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide an improved method for constructing a traffic tunnel, a pipeline tunnel or a pressure water tunnel in the manner of a Chubin tube construction.

[0006] This object is achieved by a method having the features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are given in the dependent claims.

[0007] According to the invention, an inorganic material that does not react with water is used as filler, into which the reaction resin that cures by polymerization is added before or during supply to the annular gap. The reaction resin is mixed with the filler before or during injection into the annular gap and dispersed therein.

[0008] It has now surprisingly been found that inorganic materials which do not react with water and have an average particle size of ≤500 μm can be used as fillers in the method described in EP 3 913 186 A1, while still achieving a sufficient load-bearing capacity for the annular gap filler. Furthermore, by using small-particle, water-inert materials as fillers, good flow properties of the composition can also be achieved, so that the material can be pumped over long distances from the tunnel entrance to the point of use and can be used there to fill the annular gap.

[0009] Furthermore, it has surprisingly been found that by using inorganic materials which do not react with water, better processability is achieved while at the same time the strength and load-bearing capacity of the composition are sufficient.

[0010] Furthermore, by using materials that do not react with water, a neutral pH value of the filler is achieved, thus avoiding soil contamination due to a drop in pH.

[0011] Furthermore, the method of the present invention has the advantage that no chemical admixtures, such as flow improvers or modifiers, which may pollute the soil, need to be used.

[0012] Furthermore, the composition has a high ductility while having sufficient strength, which has the advantage that stresses in the soil can be compensated by the annular gap filler without the annular gap filler crumbling.

[0013] In the method of the invention, the composition for filling the annular gap is cement-free, that is, does not contain cement. Instead, the composition comprises a reaction resin cured by polymerization and a filler, wherein the filler comprises an inorganic material having an average particle size of ≤50 μm that does not react with water.

[0014] In the context of the present invention, an inorganic material that does not react with water is an inorganic material that does not react with water at room temperature or reacts only very slightly. The inorganic material is therefore inert with respect to water. Preferably, the material is hardly or very poorly soluble in water and forms a suspension with water.

[0015] In an advantageous embodiment, the inorganic material that does not react with water has an average particle size of 0.5 to 500 μm, preferably 5 to 300 μm.

[0016] In an advantageous embodiment, the inorganic material that does not react with water has an average particle size of ≤200 μm, in particular ≤100 μm. Preferably, the inorganic material that does not react with water may have an average particle size of 5 μm to 100 μm. The particle size may be measured by particle size distribution.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment, the filler is composed of an inorganic material that does not react with water.

[0018] As the inorganic material that does not react with water, a porous filler can be used.

[0019] As the inorganic material that does not react with water, for example, calcit, silt, clay, quartz powder, fly ash, dust or powder, or a mixture thereof can be used.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment, the inorganic material that does not react with water includes calcium carbonate or consists of calcium carbonate.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment, the inorganic material that is not reactive with water comes from a recycling process, such as residues from a comminution plant or a processing plant.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment, the filler is used in the form of an aqueous suspension which is mixed with the reaction resin that cures by polymerization and distributed therein. This makes it possible to achieve a uniform filling of the annular gap.

[0023] In an advantageous embodiment, the reaction resin that cures by polymerization is a reaction resin that cures by polyaddition, polycondensation or by free radical polymerization. Particularly preferably, acrylate-based or silicate-based or polyurethane-based or epoxy-based or polyester-based reaction resins are used. By formulating the composition of the reaction resin, the curing properties of the reaction resin can be adjusted in a desired manner in order to ensure rapid curing in the annular gap on the one hand and to prevent premature curing during transport into the annular gap on the other hand.

[0024] The composition contains 20 to 90% by volume, preferably 40 to 70% by volume, and especially 55 to 65% by volume of filler.

[0025] Furthermore, the composition contains 5 to 50% by volume, preferably 20 to 40% by volume, in particular 35 to 35% by volume of reactive resin.

[0026] Furthermore, the composition may contain 0.5 to 30%, preferably 1 to 20% and in particular 5 to 15% by volume of water.

[0027] In an advantageous embodiment, the composition consists of a reactive resin, an inorganic material that does not react with water, and water.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment, the filler is mixed with the reaction resin cured by polymerization and dispersed therein in such a way that the two components are conveyed by a mixing device after the reaction resin and the filler have been combined; preferably, the mixing device is a static mixer or a forced mixer. A static mixer has a pipeline in the form of a tube, through which the components to be mixed are conveyed. In the tube there are flow-guiding elements, which separate and reunite the material flows, thereby achieving mixing. A forced mixer comprises a stationary container, in which a mixing tool, for example with a propeller, a screw or blades, rotates. Widely used forced mixers are colloid slurry mixers and dissolvers. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] The present invention is described below with reference to the embodiments in the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0030] Figure 1 shows a schematic sectional detail in the region of the tail of a tunnel boring machine, behind which the Chubin tube elements are successively inserted to form the Chubin tube;

[0031] Figure 2 A schematic side plan view of a tunnel boring machine is shown, which includes a front cutting wheel and a shield jacket adjoining the cutting wheel, and a sectional detail view in the upper end region of the tunnel boring machine and a bore with an inserted Chubin tube element is shown below;

[0032] Figure 3 A perspective cross-sectional view transverse to the longitudinal axis of the tunnel bore is shown, including an installed Chupin tube element and a filling material of an annular gap between the outer wall of the Chupin tube element and the hole in the rock;

[0033] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the production of an injection material for filling an annular gap is shown, wherein a filler is first mixed with water to form a suspension, which is then mixed with a reactive resin in a mixer to form an injection material provided for filling an annular gap. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] Reference now Figures 1 to 3 The fields of application of the method according to the invention are explained. The production of a hole / boring in the ground is carried out by means of a tunnel boring machine (in the embodiment shown, a shield machine 1 ). Figure 2 The upper part shows a simplified side view of the shield machine. The front of the shield machine 1 is provided with a cutting wheel 2, and the shield jacket 4 is adjacent to the rear of the cutting wheel. The shield jacket is composed of a steel cylindrical sleeve with a diameter slightly smaller than the cutting wheel 2. The equipment and machines required for operation are installed in the shield jacket 4, in particular, the drive device, the propulsion device and the equipment for installing the concrete Chubin tube element 10 for forming the tunnel lining are installed in the inner space of the shield jacket 4. The installation of the Chubin tube element 10 is carried out a few meters behind the cutting wheel 2, that is, a short distance after the relevant hole section is made, wherein a robot-like device, a so-called erection machine (not shown), is used for this purpose to install the Chubin tube element 10 in the rear part of the shield jacket 4, the so-called shield tail 6. The tunnel boring machine is propelled by a mechanical feed mechanism, which is placed on the front face of the Chubin tube element of the tunnel lining, that is, on the frontmost ring composed of the Chubin tube element, and propels the tunnel boring machine supported thereon.

[0035] exist Figure 1, a schematic cross-section in the upper region of a newly produced hole is shown, wherein only the upper end region of the shield tail 6 is shown on the tunnel boring machine side, and only the upper end region of the last inserted ring consisting of the Chubin tube element 10 is shown on the tunnel lining side. Figure 1 As shown in FIG. 1 , the successive rings formed by the Cupin cylinder elements 10 are sealed by means of seals 12 .

[0036] from Figure 2 As can be seen from the lower detail of the cutting wheel 2, the outer diameter is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the adjacent shield jacket 4, so the hole in the surrounding rock has a slightly larger diameter than the shield jacket 4. Figure 2 As can be seen in the lower detail diagram, since the Chubin tube components 10 are respectively assembled into a ring at the rear of the shield tail, which then moves backward from the shield tail 4 during the forward thrust of the tunnel boring machine, the outer diameter of the ring segment assembled by the Chubin tube components is smaller than the diameter of the hole produced in the rock by the cutting wheel 2. Therefore, a gap is retained between the outer shell of the tunnel lining composed of the Chubin tube components 10 and the inner wall of the hole produced in the rock by the cutting wheel 2. This gap is called an annular gap. As mentioned at the beginning, this annular gap must be filled with injection material in order to bury and install the tunnel lining in the hole.

[0037] In order to produce the injection material for filling the annular gap, the reaction resin and the filler are combined in a container of a forced mixer 20 located inside the shield tail and mixed by the forced mixer rotating in the container 20. Then, the mixed injection agent is driven out of the forced mixer 20 by a pump 22 and transported through a pipeline. The injection agent is input into a pipeline 24, which first leads radially outward to the outer wall of the shield tail, where it is bent 90° in a cavity of the shield tail 6 and extends parallel to the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical shield tail 6 in another section until the end of the shield tail, where the pipeline 24 opens to the annular gap. There can be a plurality of such pipelines 24, which also exist in conventional tunnel boring machines and are called piles.

[0038] At the rear end of the shield tail 6, there are brush seals 8 on both the inner and outer walls, which seal this end region of the shield tail 6 against the outer wall of the ring finally formed by the Cupin tube element 10 on the one hand, and seal the outer wall of the shield tail 6 against the surrounding rock on the other hand. These brush seals 8 should ensure that the injection material pressed into the annular gap from the end of the pile 24 is never pushed forward beyond the filling material of the annular gap and beyond this end region of the shield tail 6.

[0039] In this way, the injection material is pumped out of the container of the forced mixer 20 through the pipeline leading out of the container 20 by means of the pump 22, and further pumped into the annular gap through the piles 24, so that as the tunnel boring machine drills, an annular gap filler 100 is continuously formed in the annular gap formed between the tunnel lining and the surrounding rock 102. Here, there are usually a plurality of piles 24, for example, six piles distributed around the circumference of the shield tail 6, which transport the injection material into the annular gap in a circumferentially distributed manner to fill the annular gap and form a stable cushion for the tunnel lining composed of the Chubin tube component 10 after the annular gap filler 100 is cured.

[0040] exist Figure 3 As can be seen in the figure, the cupin cylinder component 10 is respectively provided with an injection port 11 that runs through the cupin cylinder component. These injection ports 11 are usually closed by a seal. The injection port 11 is used to fill the cavity that may still exist or newly generate in the annular gap by injecting the mixed reaction resin and filler again after the annular gap filler 100 is cured.

[0041] exist Figure 4 Schematically shows an embodiment of the method of the present invention. In this case, the filler is formed by a mixture of water and an inorganic material that does not react with water. Here, the inorganic material 50 that does not react with water (schematically shown by a bag) is filled into a container 22 and mixed with water supplied from a water container 24 in the container, and then the mixture is pumped into an aeration tank 80 through a pipeline. In the aeration tank 80, the mixture is circulated by a rotating propeller. At the same time, two pumps 60 convey two monomer components A and B, which merge after the output end of the pump 60 and are pressurized through a static mixer 62. The reaction resin is conveyed from the output end of the static mixer 62 to the input end of the static mixer 64. The static mixer 64 also has a second input end for a pipeline from the aeration tank 80, through which the filler suspension is introduced. In the mixer 64, the reaction resin and the filler suspension are mixed with each other, wherein the mixer 64 can also be configured as a static mixer for this purpose. After the filler suspension has been mixed with the reaction resin, the resulting mixture is conveyed further for injection into the annular gap, ie in particular into the pile 24 , the outlet of which opens into the annular gap at the end of the shield tail 6 .

Claims

1. A method for constructing a traffic tunnel, a pipeline tunnel or a pressure water tunnel by means of a Chubin tube construction method, wherein Assembling the Chubin tube elements (10) in the machine-made holes in the rock or soil to form a closed lining in the form of a Chubin tube, and A composition for filling the annular gap between the bore and the outer wall of a Cupin tube, the composition comprising a reactive resin cured by polymerization and a filler, wherein: Before or during the introduction of the filler into the annular gap, the filler is supplied with the reaction resin that is cured by polymerization, which is mixed with the filler and dispersed in the filler. The invention is characterized in that the composition does not contain cement and the filler comprises an inorganic material which does not react with water and has an average particle size of ≤500 μm.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inorganic material that does not react with water has an average particle size of 0.5 μm to 300 μm, preferably 5 μm to 100 μm.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The filler is composed of an inorganic material that does not react with water.

4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that: The inorganic material that does not react with water comprises calcium carbonate or consists of calcium carbonate.

5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that: The inorganic material that does not react with water is selected from calcite, silt, clay, quartz powder, fly ash, dust or powder or a mixture thereof.

6. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that: The inorganic material which is not reactive with water comes from a recycling process.

7. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that: The filler is used in the form of an aqueous suspension.

8. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that: As the reaction resin that cures by polymerization, a reaction resin that cures by addition polymerization, condensation polymerization or by radical polymerization is used.

9. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that: Reaction resins based on acrylates or silicate resins or polyurethanes or epoxy resins or polyester resins are used.

10. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that: The composition contains 5 to 50% by volume, preferably 20 to 40% by volume of reactive resin.

11. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that: The composition comprises 20 to 90% by volume, preferably 40 to 70% by volume of filler.

12. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that: The composition consists of a reactive resin, an inorganic material that does not react with water, and water.

13. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that: The filler is incorporated into the reaction resin which is cured by polymerization prior to polymerization.

14. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that: By mixing the two components after the reaction resin and filler are combined by a mixing device, preferably a static mixer (64) or a forced mixer (20), the filler is mixed with the reaction resin cured by polymerization and dispersed in the reaction resin.

15. Use of a composition comprising a reactive resin cured by polymerization and a filler for filling an annular gap between a bore and the outer wall of a Cupin barrel, wherein: The filler is cement-free and comprises an inorganic material that does not react with water and has a particle size of ≤500 μm.

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