Cultivation method for improved variety of lonicerae flos

Abstract

The invention discloses an improved variety cultivation method of lonicera confusa, which comprises the following steps: 1) after grafting wild lonicera confusa in September of the current year enters a dormant period, grafting branches of an improved variety of lonicera macranthoides onto grafting piles of wild lonicera confusa in Yunnan region to serve as primary female parents; 2) selecting branches with current-year single-blooming flowering branches of which the fresh flower weight is greater than or equal to 100g from the primary female parent cultivated for 2 years, and performing cuttage and transplanting to serve as the female parent; (3) selecting branches on one-year-old female parents which grow robustly, are free of plant diseases and insect pests, have the stem diameter of 3-5mm and are semi-lignified as cutting main branches; 4) cutting the cutting branches soaked in the rooting powder solution into the aeroponic culture seedbed according to the line spacing of 4-5cm and the plant spacing of 5-6cm; and 5) pre-installing part of nutrient soil in the non-woven fabric seedling raising bag, and inserting the hairy root end of the hairy root cutting branch to obtain the nutrition bag seedling. The method is used for breeding of lonicera macranthoides improved varieties, the rooting rate is high, the survival rate after transplanting and field planting is high, the full-bloom stage is long, wild resources are not needed, and the planting method is suitable for large-area planting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of honeysuckle planting, and in particular to a method for cultivating improved varieties of honeysuckle. Background Art

[0002] Lonicera guillonii var.macranthoides is a semi-evergreen vine. It is a perennial vine of the genus Lonicera in the family Caprifoliaceae. Its dried flower buds or flowers with early blooms are used as medicine, and its medicinal name is mountain honeysuckle. It is also called large-flowered honeysuckle, southern honeysuckle, and mountain honeysuckle. It is a perennial semi-evergreen woody vine plant that is both a medicine and a food, and is an important Chinese medicinal material. Because of its high chlorogenic acid content, high yield per unit area, good economic benefits, and easy management, this variety has developed rapidly in the past 30 years.

[0003] It has the characteristics of large number of flowers, concentrated flowering period, long bud period, high content of effective ingredients, etc. At present, the traditional seedling raising method of directly cutting and planting branches in the soil can achieve a peak flowering period of more than 15 years, but the rooting rate of this method is only 10% at most, which cannot form a batch seedling production scale and cannot meet the requirements of large-scale planting (planting area greater than 1,000 mu).

[0004] Therefore, grafting is generally used for seedling cultivation. Grafted seedlings have the characteristics of high rooting ability and short flowering period, but the grafting stakes used for grafting require a large number of wild resources, which are difficult to obtain quickly, affecting large-scale planting. At the same time, using a large number of wild honeysuckle as grafting stakes will also damage the ecological environment, and the grafting point is easy to fall off after transplanting and planting, and the flowering period is only 5 years at most, affecting the yield.

[0005] In addition, using the conventional method of hardening seedlings in the sun for 3 days, the survival rate after transplanting and planting is only 30% at most, resulting in the need for continuous replanting after transplanting and planting, increasing the planting cost.

[0006] The existing honeysuckle cutting method, as disclosed in CN 201811075960.9, includes: field treatment, cutting medium, cutting, and management, which is to set up a shelter, the light transmittance of which cannot be higher than 65%, spray water once in the morning and evening, mainly for moistening, and spray water mist on the leaves of the honeysuckle at noon. The method effectively controls water and repels insects through field management, ensuring that the cutting substrate is covered on the forest land and is not subject to field waterlogging; the proportion of the cutting substrate (70-80 parts of leaf mold, 30-35 parts of pond mud, 40-45 parts of organic fertilizer, 60-65 parts of sandy soil, 50-60 parts of rapeseed oil cake, and 40-45 parts of plant ash) is conducive to the root germination of honeysuckle, with a thick main root and developed fibrous roots; the purpose of covering the cutting roots with nutrient soil after cutting is to keep the root water from being lost and to supplement the root nutrients. This method can achieve developed root growth, sufficient nutrition, and an increase in the number of single flowers in the second year after transplanting. Moreover, the substrate is not suitable for the cutting planting of gray felt honeysuckle.

[0007] This method cannot fundamentally improve the survival rate of cuttings by only adjusting the cutting medium, and the method does not disclose the actual data such as the rooting ratio and flowering period, and cannot prove that it actually achieves the relevant technical effects.

[0008] The information disclosed in the background technology section is only intended to enhance the understanding of the overall background of the invention and should not be regarded as an admission or any form of suggestion that the information constitutes the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art. Summary of the invention

[0009] In response to the above technical problems, the present application provides a method for breeding high-quality honeysuckle, which is used for raising seedlings of Lonicera japonica by cuttings. It has a high rooting rate, a high survival rate after transplanting and planting, a long flowering period, does not require wild resources, and is suitable for large-scale planting.

[0010] The present application provides a method for breeding improved varieties of honeysuckle, comprising the following steps:

[0011] 1) After the wild honeysuckle entered dormancy in September of the year of grafting, branches of improved species of honeysuckle were grafted onto the grafting stakes of wild honeysuckle in Yunnan as the primary mother plant, and the primary mother plant was cultivated for 2 years;

[0012] 2) Select branches of the primary mother parent with a single flowering branch with a flower weight of 100 grams or more for cuttings, take the surviving plants as the improved mother parent seedlings, and transplant the seedlings into the mother parent garden;

[0013] 3) Selecting one-year-old seedling branches that are healthy and free of pests and diseases, have a stem thickness of 3 to 5 mm, and are semi-lignified as main cutting branches, dividing the main cutting branches into multiple cutting branches, retaining two bud points on each cutting branch and cutting the top of the cutting branch 1 to 2 cm beyond the uppermost bud node into a flat end, retaining 1 to 2 leaves on the top of the cutting branch, and cutting the end of the bottom of the cutting branch 1 to 1.5 cm beyond the lower bud node into an oblique end to obtain multiple cutting branches;

[0014] 4) The cuttings soaked in the rooting powder solution are inserted into the aeroponic seedling bed with a row spacing of 4 to 5 cm and a plant spacing of 5 to 6 cm, and the temperature is controlled at 15 to 30°C and the humidity is above 90% for aeroponic rooting;

[0015] During the rooting process of aeroponics: from 9 am to 5 pm every day, CO2 with a concentration of 0.5-1% is introduced into the atomization system 5-6 times every 2 hours, and each ventilation time is 15-25 minutes. O2 with a concentration of 30-35% is introduced at 1 am and 3 am every day, and each ventilation time is 15-25 minutes to obtain rooting cuttings;

[0016] 5) After partially preloading the non-woven seedling bag with nutrient soil, the root end of the rooting cutting branch is inserted into the nutrient soil for 5 to 10 cm and the bud point is buried in the nutrient soil. After sealing the bag, the seedling bag is wrapped on the root end of the rooting cutting branch to obtain the nutrient bag seedling, and the nutrient bag seedling is placed in a seedling greenhouse with a sunshade net, and the temperature is controlled at 15 to 30° C. and the humidity is maintained at 65 to 80%. After 40 to 45 days of seedling cultivation, the nutrient bag seedling is transplanted to an outdoor seedling hardening bed, and the seedling hardening bed is ridged with a ridge height of 15 to 20 cm and a width of 20 to 30 cm. After hardening for at least 30 days, the surviving seedlings are selected and transplanted to the field for colonization.

[0017] Preferably, in step 2), the spacing between seedlings planted in the mother garden is 0.6 to 1 m, the row spacing is 1 to 1.5 m, drip irrigation facilities are set on the ground, and a sunshade net is set on the top.

[0018] Preferably, the rooting powder solution is a rooting powder solution diluted at least 1000 times; when soaking in the rooting powder solution, the cuttings are tied at a rate of 150 to 200 branches per bundle and soaked for 1 to 3 hours.

[0019] Preferably, the nutrient soil is composed of 6 to 8 parts of red soil, 6 to 8 parts of sawdust, 3 to 5 parts of perlite, 10 g of bifenthianidin, and 2 tablets of saccharified boron fertilizer.

[0020] Preferably, during the hardening period after transplanting, water the seeds thoroughly 1 to 2 times a day depending on weather conditions.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this application include:

[0022] 1) The present application provides a method for breeding improved varieties of honeysuckle, which can effectively improve the rooting ratio of cutting branches of honeysuckle, and the rooting rate can reach more than 90%. After bagging and hardening the seedlings, the field transplanting survival rate is greater than 95%, which can avoid the problem of excessive mortality during transplanting and planting, and effectively maintain the survival rate of seedlings after transplanting and planting. This method is suitable for large-scale planting of honeysuckle, and the plants obtained by cuttings do not need to rely too much on wild honeysuckle plants, reducing damage to nature. At the same time, the flowering period of the plants after cuttings can reach 15 years, the plants grow well, and the number of flowers is large, which can effectively increase the yield of economic organs of honeysuckle.

[0023] 2) The present application provides a method for cultivating improved varieties of Honeysuckle, which, during the cutting seedling cultivation stage, sets drip irrigation facilities on the ground and sets a sunshade net on the top to reduce photosynthesis and thus reduce the chlorogenic acid content of the plant, thereby achieving a rooting rate of more than 90% after branch cuttings.

[0024] 3) The improved honeysuckle breeding method provided in the present application can effectively promote the rooting of cuttings through mist culture, achieving a rooting rate of more than 90% for cuttings, and shortening the rooting time of cuttings from 35 to 40 days to 20 to 25 days. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 The present application provides field photos of the plants obtained in Example 1; a) is a photo of the plants grown 18 months after being transplanted in the field; b) is a partial enlarged photo of the flowering part in a;

[0026] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a method for breeding improved varieties of Honeysuckle in at least one embodiment provided in the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but the present invention is not limited in any way. Any changes or improvements made based on the teachings of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0028] Example

[0029] Unless otherwise specified, the materials and instruments used in the following examples were obtained from commercial channels; the detection methods used were all existing methods unless otherwise specified.

[0030] Example 1 Cultivation method

[0031] 1. Primary generation mother cultivation:

[0032] Select wild honeysuckle with healthy plants and no diseases and insect pests as grafting stakes, and branches of gray felt honeysuckle as grafting branches. After the wild honeysuckle enters dormancy in September of the grafting year, use branches of improved gray felt honeysuckle to graft on the grafting stakes of wild honeysuckle in Yunnan as the primary mother plant;

[0033] 2. Cultivation of improved female parent:

[0034] Take the branches of the first-generation mother plant that has been cultivated for 2 years under natural environment, and the branches with single flowering branches with flowers weighing more than or equal to 100 grams in the current year for cuttings. Take the surviving plants from the cuttings as the improved mother plant seedlings, and transplant the seedlings into the mother plant garden.

[0035] The spacing between seedlings in the mother garden is 0.8m and the row spacing is 1.2m, which is convenient for management and collection of branches and conducive to promoting seedling growth. Drip irrigation facilities are installed on the ground and shade nets are installed on the top to reduce photosynthesis and thus reduce the chlorogenic acid content of the plants. The rooting rate of effective branch cuttings is greater than 90%.

[0036] 3. Obtain cuttings:

[0037] Select healthy and pest-free, 4mm thick, semi-lignified one-year-old seedling branches as the main cutting branches. Divide the main cutting branches into multiple cutting branches. Keep 2 bud points on each cutting branch and cut it into a flat end 1-2cm beyond the uppermost bud node at the top of the cutting branch. Keep 1-2 leaves on the cutting branch, and cut the end of the bottom of the cutting branch 25cm beyond the lower bud node into an oblique end.

[0038] After tying the trimmed cuttings at 150 branches / bundle, soak the cuttings in 1000 times diluted rooting powder for 1 to 3 hours.

[0039] 4. Mist culture rooting:

[0040] The soaked branches are cut into the mist culture seedling bed with a row spacing of 4 to 5 cm and a plant spacing of 5 to 6 cm. The temperature is controlled at above 20°C and the humidity is above 90% by an intelligent mist system for mist culture rooting.

[0041] During the rooting process of mist culture: from 9 am to 5 pm every day, introduce 0.8% CO2 into the mist system 5 to 6 times every 2 hours, each time for 20 minutes, and introduce 33% O2 ​​at 1 am and 3 am every day, each time for 20 minutes, to obtain rooting cuttings.

[0042] Through this operation, the rooting of cuttings can be effectively promoted, achieving a rooting rate of more than 90% for cuttings, and the rooting time of cuttings is shortened from 35 to 40 days to 20 to 25 days.

[0043] 5. Bag seedling hardening

[0044] After pre-loading some nutrient soil in the non-woven seedling bag, insert the root end of the rooting cutting branch into the nutrient soil for 8 cm and bury the bud point in the nutrient soil. After sealing the bag, wrap the seedling bag on the root end of the rooting cutting branch to obtain nutrient bag seedlings. The ratio of the nutrient soil filled is: 7 parts of red soil, 7 parts of sawdust, 4 parts of perlite, 10g of diphenylamine, and 2 tablets of saccharified boron fertilizer.

[0045] The seedlings in the nutrient bags are placed in a nursery greenhouse with a sunshade net, and the temperature is controlled by an intelligent micro-spraying system to be maintained at 25°C and the humidity is maintained at 75%.

[0046] In the nursery greenhouse, after 42 days of management, the seedlings in the nutrient bags are transplanted to the outdoor hardening bed. The hardening bed is ridged with a height of 17 cm and a width of 220 cm. After transplanting, water is poured thoroughly every 2 to 3 days depending on the weather conditions. After 30 days of hardening, the surviving seedlings are selected and transplanted to the field for planting. 100 seedlings are selected for transplanting to the field. The row spacing for field transplanting is 1.5 meters per plant and 2.4 meters per row. After 30 days of planting, the survival rate can reach more than 95%.

[0047] This method can effectively improve the survival rate of improved seedlings after transplanting and planting.

[0048] Example 1 provides the method for obtaining the hardened seedlings of the gray felt honeysuckle and transplanting them for 18 months. Figure 1 As shown in a) and b), it can be seen from the figure that the plant obtained by this method grows well in the field environment, and there are about 50 flower buds on a pair of leaves, and the number of flowers is good.

[0049] Comparative Example 1

[0050] The difference from Example 1 is that in step 4, CO2 and O2 are not passed at regular intervals.

[0051] The same rooting operation of cuttings as in Example 1 was performed, the rooting time of cuttings was 35 to 40 days, and the rooting ratio was only 50 to 60%.

[0052] Comparative Example 2

[0053] The difference from Example 1 is that wild honeysuckle is selected as the grafting stake, and the thick branches of honeysuckle are selected for grafting, and the grafting operation is carried out according to the conventional method in the field. After the grafted plant grows normally in the wild environment for 2 years, the flowers on the plant are regularly picked, and it is found that the flowering period of the plant is only 5 years.

[0054] Comparative Example 3

[0055] The difference from Example 1 is that step 5 is not performed, the Lonicera japonica cuttings obtained in step 4 are directly placed in the sun for 3 days to complete seedling hardening, and the obtained seedlings are transplanted into the field. After 30 days of planting, the survival rate is only 30%.

[0056] Comparative Example 4

[0057] The difference from Example 1 is that the cuttings obtained in step 3 are directly transplanted into the field and maintained normally. After 30 days of planting, the highest rooting rate is only 10%.

[0058] It can be seen from Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 that the method can effectively improve the survival rate, rooting rate and survival rate after hardening of the cuttings of Lonicera japonica, thereby helping to increase the yield of large-scale planted Lonicera japonica. The method is suitable for large-scale industrial planting.

[0059] Moreover, the seedling hardening operation of this method can effectively improve the survival rate of cutting seedlings in the field.

[0060] Example 2

[0061] The difference from Example 1 is:

[0062] In step 1, the cultivation conditions after the primary mother plant is transplanted are: in a greenhouse at 15°C and with a humidity of more than 90%, it is normally maintained and planted for 2 months, and then transplanted to sandy soil after rooting, and cultivated for 2 years after transplanting.

[0063] In step 2, branches of the primary mother plant with a single flowering branch and a flower weight of 200 grams in the current year are selected for cuttings; the seedlings are planted at a spacing of 0.6m and a row spacing of 1.5m in the mother plant garden, drip irrigation facilities are set on the ground, and a sunshade net is set on the top.

[0064] In step 3, two bud points are retained on each cutting branch and the top of the cutting branch is cut into a flat end 1 cm beyond the uppermost bud node, one leaf is retained on the cutting branch, and the bottom of the cutting branch is cut into an oblique end 1.5 cm beyond the lower bud node to obtain multiple cutting branches.

[0065] Step 4: When soaking in the rooting powder solution, tie the cuttings together at a rate of 150 branches per bundle and soak for 1 hour.

[0066] Cutting branches are inserted into the aeroponic seedling bed with a row spacing of 5 cm and a plant spacing of 5 cm. The temperature is controlled at 15°C and the humidity is above 90% for aeroponic rooting.

[0067] From 9:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. every day, 0.5% CO2 was introduced into the atomization system 6 times every 2 hours, and each ventilation lasted 15 minutes. At 1:00 a.m. and 3:00 a.m. every day, 30% O2 was introduced, and each ventilation lasted 15 minutes to obtain rooting cuttings.

[0068] Step 5, insert the root end of the rooting cutting branch into the nutrient soil for 10 cm and bury the bud point in the nutrient soil, seal the bag, wrap the seedling bag on the root end of the rooting cutting branch to obtain the nutrient bag seedlings, put the nutrient bag seedlings into a seedling greenhouse with a shade net, control the temperature at 15°C, and keep the humidity at 65%. After 45 days of seedling cultivation, transplant the nutrient bag seedlings to an outdoor seedling hardening bed, and ridge the seedling hardening bed with a ridge height of 15 cm and a width of 200 cm. After hardening the seedlings for at least 30 days, select the surviving seedlings for transplanting to the field and then colonize.

[0069] The nutrient soil used is composed of 6 parts of red soil, 6 parts of sawdust, 3 parts of perlite, 10g of difenothiazolin, and 2 tablets of saccharified boron fertilizer.

[0070] Example 3

[0071] The difference from Example 1 is:

[0072] In step 1, the cultivation conditions after the primary mother plant is transplanted are: in a greenhouse at 30°C and with a humidity of more than 90%, it is normally maintained and planted for 3 months, and then transplanted to sandy soil after rooting, and cultivated for 2 years after transplanting.

[0073] In step 2, a branch with a single flowering branch and a flower weight of 300 grams on the primary mother parent is selected for cutting. The seedlings are planted at a spacing of 1m and a row spacing of 1m in the mother parent garden. Drip irrigation facilities are set on the ground and a sunshade net is set on the top.

[0074] In step 3, two bud points are retained on each cutting branch and the top of the cutting branch is cut into a flat end 2 cm beyond the uppermost bud node, retaining the two leaves on the cutting branch, and the end of the bottom of the cutting branch is cut into an oblique end 2 cm beyond the lower bud node to obtain multiple cutting branches.

[0075] Step 4: When soaking in the rooting powder solution, tie the cuttings in bundles of 200 branches and soak for 3 hours.

[0076] Cutting branches are inserted into the aeroponic seedling bed with a row spacing of 4 cm and a plant spacing of 6 cm, and the temperature is controlled at 25°C and the humidity is above 90% for aeroponic rooting;

[0077] From 9:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. every day, 1% CO2 was introduced into the atomization system 5 times every 2 hours, each time for 25 minutes, and 35% O2 was introduced at 1:00 a.m. and 3:00 a.m. every day, each time for 25 minutes, to obtain rooting cuttings;

[0078] Step 5, insert the root end of the rooting cutting branch into the nutrient soil for 5 cm and bury the bud point in the nutrient soil, seal the bag, wrap the seedling bag on the root end of the rooting cutting branch to obtain the nutrient bag seedlings, put the nutrient bag seedlings into a seedling greenhouse with a shade net, control the temperature at 30°C, and keep the humidity at 80% in the environment. After 40 days of seedling cultivation, transplant the nutrient bag seedlings to an outdoor seedling hardening bed, and ridge the seedling hardening bed with a ridge height of 20 cm and a width of 240 cm. After hardening the seedlings for at least 30 days, select the surviving seedlings for transplanting to the field and then colonize.

[0079] The nutrient soil used is composed of 8 parts of red soil, 8 parts of sawdust, 5 parts of perlite, 10g of difenothiazolin, and 2 tablets of saccharified boron fertilizer.

[0080] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for breeding improved varieties of honeysuckle, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: 1) After the wild honeysuckle entered dormancy in September of the year of grafting, branches of improved species of honeysuckle were grafted onto the grafting stakes of wild honeysuckle in Yunnan as the primary mother plant, and the primary mother plant was cultivated for 2 years; 2) Select branches of the primary mother parent with a single flowering branch with a flower weight of 100 grams or more for cuttings, take the surviving plants as the improved mother parent seedlings, and transplant the seedlings into the mother parent garden; 3) Selecting one-year-old seedling branches that are healthy and free of pests and diseases, have a stem thickness of 3 to 5 mm, and are semi-lignified as main cutting branches, dividing the main cutting branches into multiple cutting branches, retaining two bud points on each cutting branch and cutting the top of the cutting branch 1 to 2 cm beyond the uppermost bud node into a flat end, retaining 1 to 2 leaves on the top of the cutting branch, and cutting the end of the bottom of the cutting branch 1 to 1.5 cm beyond the lower bud node into an oblique end to obtain multiple cutting branches; 4) The cuttings soaked in the rooting powder solution are inserted into the aeroponic seedling bed with a row spacing of 4 to 5 cm and a plant spacing of 5 to 6 cm, and the temperature is controlled at 15 to 30°C and the humidity is above 90% for aeroponic rooting; During the rooting process of aeroponics: from 9 am to 5 pm every day, CO2 with a concentration of 0.5-1% is introduced into the atomization system 5-6 times every 2 hours, and each ventilation time is 15-25 minutes. O2 with a concentration of 30-35% is introduced at 1 am and 3 am every day, and each ventilation time is 15-25 minutes to obtain rooting cuttings; 5) After partially preloading the non-woven seedling bag with nutrient soil, the root end of the rooting cutting branch is inserted into the nutrient soil for 5 to 10 cm and the bud point is buried in the nutrient soil. After sealing the bag, the seedling bag is wrapped on the root end of the rooting cutting branch to obtain the nutrient bag seedling, and the nutrient bag seedling is placed in a seedling greenhouse with a sunshade net, and the temperature is controlled at 15 to 30° C. and the humidity is maintained at 65 to 80%. After 40 to 45 days of seedling cultivation, the nutrient bag seedling is transplanted to an outdoor seedling hardening bed, and the seedling hardening bed is ridged with a ridge height of 15 to 20 cm and a width of 20 to 30 cm. After hardening for at least 30 days, the surviving seedlings are selected and transplanted to the field for colonization.

2. The method for breeding improved varieties of honeysuckle according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step 2) The seedlings are planted at a spacing of 0.6 to 1 m in the middle mother garden, with a row spacing of 1 to 1.5 m, a drip irrigation facility is provided on the ground, and a sunshade net is provided on the top.

3. The method for breeding improved varieties of honeysuckle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rooting powder solution is rooting powder diluted at least 1000 times; when soaking in the rooting powder solution, the cuttings are tied at 150 to 200 branches per bundle and soaked for 1 to 3 hours.

4. The method for breeding improved varieties of honeysuckle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nutrient soil consists of 6-8 parts of red soil, 6-8 parts of sawdust, 3-5 parts of perlite, 10g of difenocarb, and 2 tablets of saccharified boron fertilizer.

5. The method for breeding improved varieties of honeysuckle according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the seedling hardening period, after transplanting, water the plants thoroughly 1 to 2 times a day depending on weather conditions.

Images