Telescopic umbrella-shaped thyroid retractor under endoscope

Abstract

The telescopic umbrella-shaped thyroid retractor under the endoscope comprises a cylinder body with an opening in the top end, a lead screw arranged in the cylinder body, a screw seat in threaded connection with the outer wall of the lead screw and a cover body which sleeves and is rotationally connected to the top end of the cylinder body, and a plurality of retractor bodies are hinged to the bottom end of the outer wall of the cylinder body at equal intervals in the circumferential direction; first sliding ways with the number the same as that of the drag hooks are arranged on the outer wall of the barrel in the circumferential direction at equal intervals, the multiple sliding ways correspond to the multiple drag hooks in position, hinge blocks fixedly connected with the outer wall of the screw base are attached to the interiors of the sliding ways in a sliding connection mode, and connecting rods are hinged to the ends, away from the screw base, of the hinge blocks. And the bottom ends of the connecting rods are hinged to the middles of the corresponding pull hooks, the bottom ends of the lead screws are rotationally connected with the bottom end of the inner wall of the barrel body, and the top ends of the lead screws are fixedly connected with the bottom end of the cover body. The retractor can be easily controlled to be unfolded and folded by holding the cylinder and rotating the cover body with one hand, and surgical operation is more convenient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The patent of this invention relates to the technical field of thyroid retractors, specifically a laparoscopic telescopic umbrella-shaped thyroid retractor. Background Art

[0002] The thyroid retractor is a surgical instrument specifically used for thyroid surgery. It is mainly used to fix the surgical incision to expose the thyroid gland for the convenience of surgery. It pulls the surrounding tissue of the thyroid gland in all directions by applying force, allowing the doctor to better touch and examine the size and shape of the thyroid gland and thyroid nodules.

[0003] The thyroid retractor currently used in clinical practice generally consists of a hook body and a pull rod. The hook body and the pull rod are fixedly connected, and the angle between the hook body and the pull rod is mostly 90°. When pulling the thyroid gland, the incision depths of different patients are different, and the fixed-angle hook cannot completely fit the incision surface when in contact with the incision surface. For this reason, we provide a laparoscopic telescopic umbrella-shaped thyroid retractor with an adjustable hook angle. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a laparoscopic retractable umbrella-shaped thyroid retractor to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the patent of the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a laparoscopic telescopic umbrella-shaped thyroid retractor, comprising a cylinder with an opening at the top, a screw rod arranged in the cylinder, a screw seat threadedly connected to the outer wall of the screw rod, and a cover body sleeved and rotatably connected to the top of the cylinder, a plurality of retractors are hingedly connected at equal intervals along the circumferential direction at the bottom end of the outer wall of the cylinder, a first slideway with the same number as the number of retractors is arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction on the outer wall of the cylinder, a plurality of the first slideways correspond to the positions of a plurality of retractors, a hinge block fixedly connected to the outer wall of the screw seat is fitted and slidably connected in the first slideway, a connecting rod is hinged at one end of the hinge block away from the screw seat, the bottom end of the connecting rod is hinged to the middle part of the corresponding retractor, the bottom end of the screw rod is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the inner wall of the cylinder, and the top end of the screw rod is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the cover body.

[0006] Furthermore, a second slide is provided at the top of the pull hook, the bottom end of the connecting rod is inserted into the second slide, and the outer wall is fitted and slidably connected to the inner wall of the second slide, and a limit rod is fitted and slidably connected in the third slide, and the end of the limit rod close to the second slide is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the connecting rod, and two third slides are symmetrically arranged on the inner walls on both sides of the second slide, and a plurality of limit grooves are evenly spaced at the top of the third slide, and the limit grooves are arranged to be inclined upward from the end of the pull hook to the cylinder body, and the limit grooves are used for the corresponding side limit rods to be clamped.

[0007] Furthermore, a fourth slide is provided at the top of the pull hook, and a T-shaped slider hinged to the top and the bottom of the connecting rod is fitted and slidably connected in the fourth slide, and a first threaded hole for threadedly installing a first screw is provided at the top of the T-shaped slider away from the connecting rod, and a plurality of second threaded holes are evenly spaced at the bottom end of the inner wall of the fourth slide, and the inner diameter of the first threaded hole is equal to the inner diameter of the second threaded hole.

[0008] Furthermore, the fourth slide is provided with a limit groove with first positive ratchet teeth evenly arranged at the bottom end, the T-shaped sliding block is provided with an installation groove for installing the limit block at the bottom end away from the connecting rod, the bottom end of the limit block is provided with a first reverse ratchet for meshing with the first positive ratchet, and the top end of the T-shaped sliding block is provided with a third threaded hole for threadedly installing a second screw, the inner wall of the third threaded hole is connected to the inner wall of the installation groove, and the bottom end of the second screw is rotatably connected to the top end of the limit block.

[0009] Furthermore, a scale line is provided at the top of the pull hook at the opening of the fourth slideway.

[0010] Furthermore, the top of the screw rod is integrally provided with a transmission block with a hexagonal cross-section, and the cover body is integrally provided with a limit column whose outer wall is in contact with the inner wall of the cylinder and is slidably connected, the bottom end of the limit column is provided with a connecting hole whose inner wall is in contact with the outer wall of the screw rod and is slidably connected, the top end of the inner wall of the connecting hole is connected to a transmission groove, the top end of the transmission block is inserted into the transmission groove, the upper part of the outer wall of the cylinder is integrally provided with a first limit ring, and the bottom end of the inner wall of the cover body is integrally provided with a second limit ring, the bottom end of the first limit ring and the top end of the second limit ring are respectively surrounded by a second positive ratchet and a second reverse ratchet, the second positive ratchet is meshed with the opposite side of the second reverse ratchet, and the upper part of the outer wall of the cylinder is sleeved with a pressure spring, and the top and bottom ends of the pressure spring are respectively abutted against the top end of the first limit ring and the top end of the inner wall of the cover.

[0011] The beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are:

[0012] 1. A plurality of retractors are arranged at equal intervals at the end of the cylinder to form an umbrella-shaped thyroid retractor, thereby increasing the contact surface between a single thyroid retractor and the incision surface.

[0013] 2. Through the combined setting of the cylinder, cover, screw and screw seat, the user can easily control the expansion and contraction of the retractor by holding the cylinder with one hand and rotating the cover with the other hand, making the operation during the operation more convenient.

[0014] 3. The rotation of the screw rod is adjusted by rotating the cover body, thereby accurately controlling the angle between the retractor and the outer wall of the barrel. This design provides a high degree of accuracy, which is particularly important for thyroid surgery that requires delicate operations.

[0015] 4. The hinge block that fits and slides in the first slide effectively avoids the shaking of the hinge block when it moves, thereby ensuring the stability of the connecting rod and the hook. This stability design helps reduce uncertainty and risks during surgery. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the laparoscopic telescopic umbrella-shaped thyroid retractor in Example 1;

[0017] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the laparoscopic telescopic umbrella-shaped thyroid retractor in the first embodiment;

[0018] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the laparoscopic telescopic umbrella-shaped thyroid retractor in the second embodiment;

[0019] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional view of the laparoscopic telescopic umbrella-shaped thyroid retractor in the second embodiment;

[0020] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the connection structure between the draw hook and the connecting rod in the third embodiment;

[0021] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the connection structure between the draw hook and the connecting rod in the fourth embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0023] Embodiment 1

[0024] like Figure 1-2 As shown, embodiment 1 discloses a laparoscopic telescopic umbrella-shaped thyroid retractor, comprising: a barrel 1 with an opening at the top, a screw rod 2 arranged in the barrel 1, a wire seat 3 threadedly connected to the outer wall of the screw rod 2, and a cover body 4 sleeved and rotatably connected to the top of the barrel 1, a plurality of retractors 5 are hingedly connected at equal intervals along the circumferential direction at the bottom end of the outer wall of the barrel 1, and a number of first slideways 11 equal to the number of retractors 5 are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction on the outer wall of the barrel 1, and the plurality of first slideways 11 correspond to the positions of the plurality of retractors 5, and a hinge block 31 fixedly connected to the outer wall of the wire seat 3 is fitted and slidably connected in the first slideway 11, and a connecting rod 32 is hingedly connected to the end of the hinge block 31 away from the wire seat 3, and the bottom end of the connecting rod 32 is hinged to the middle part of the corresponding retractor 5, the bottom end of the screw rod 2 is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the inner wall of the barrel 1, and the top end of the screw rod 2 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the cover body 4.

[0025] Based on the above structure, the initial state of the laparoscopic telescopic umbrella-shaped thyroid retractor is that the end of the retractor 5 is in contact with the outer wall of the cylinder 1. Figure 1-2As shown, when in use, the cylinder 1 can be held with one hand, and the cover 4 can be rotated forward with the other hand, so that the cover 4 drives the screw rod 2 to rotate, thereby driving the wire seat 3 to move downward, and the wire seat 3 pushes the connecting rod 32 to move downward through the hinge block 31, and the downward movement of the connecting rod 32 further moves left and right with the hook 5, so that the hook 5 rotates with the hinge point between the hook 5 and the outer wall of the cylinder 1 as the center point to unfold the hook 5, and the angle between the hook 5 and the outer wall of the cylinder 1 can be adjusted by rotating the cover 4;

[0026] At the same time, the arrangement of the hinge block 31 fitting and slidingly connected in the first slide 11 can prevent the hinge block 31 from shaking when moving, thereby preventing the connecting rod 32 from shaking, so that the connecting rod 32 can move more smoothly when transmitting force.

[0027] Embodiment 2

[0028] In order to increase the rotatable angle of the retractor, Figure 3-4 As shown, the technical difference between the second embodiment and the first embodiment is that a second slideway 51 is provided at the top of the hook 5, the bottom end of the connecting rod 32 is inserted into the second slideway 51, and the outer wall is fitted and slidably connected to the inner wall of the second slideway 51, and a limiting rod 321 is fitted and slidably connected in the third slideway 52, and one end of the limiting rod 321 close to the second slideway 51 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the connecting rod 32, and two third slideways 52 are symmetrically provided on the inner walls of both sides of the second slideway 51, and a plurality of limiting grooves 53 are evenly spaced at the top of the third slideway 52, and the limiting grooves 53 are arranged upwardly inclined from the end of the hook 5 to the cylinder 1, and the limiting grooves 53 are used for the corresponding side limiting rods 321 to be clamped;

[0029] By default, the limit rod 321 is engaged in the limit groove 53 closest to the end of the hook 53, and the wire seat 3 cannot continue to move downward along the outer wall of the screw rod 2. At this time, in order to continue to increase the downward rotation angle of the hook 5, the hook 5 must be lifted upward to disengage the limit rod 321 from the original limit groove 53 and then into the third slide 52. Then, the limit rod 321 is controlled to slide along the third slide 52 to the side close to the cylinder body. At the same time, the limit rod 321 forms a downward pressure on the hook 5 through the third slide 52, driving the hook 5 to rotate downward with the hinge between the hook 5 and the outer wall of the cylinder 1 as the center point. When the hook 5 rotates downward to the desired angle, the hook 5 is pressed down to make the limit rod 321 engage with the corresponding limit groove 53.

[0030] Compared with the first embodiment, the second embodiment has a second slideway, a third slideway and a bottom end of the connecting rod inserted into the second slideway, and cooperates with the upper limit rod and the limit groove, so that the retractor has a larger rotation angle, which provides greater flexibility in practical applications, so that the retractor can adapt to more operation requirements at different angles, thereby improving the convenience and efficiency of surgical operations.

[0031] Embodiment 3

[0032] Considering that the clamping method is prone to looseness, in order to solve this problem, Figure 5 As shown, the technical difference between the third embodiment and the second embodiment is that a fourth slideway 54A is provided at the top of the hook 5, a T-shaped slider 55A is fitted and slidably connected to the top of the fourth slideway 54A and is hinged to the bottom of the connecting rod 32, a first threaded hole 551 for threadedly installing a first screw 552 is provided at the top of the T-shaped slider 55A away from the connecting rod 32, a plurality of second threaded holes 56 are evenly spaced at the bottom end of the inner wall of the fourth slideway 54A, and the inner diameter of the first threaded hole 551 is equal to the inner diameter of the second threaded hole 56;

[0033] By default, the first screw 552 is threadedly connected to the second threaded hole 56 closest to the end of the hook 53, and the wire seat 3 cannot continue to move downward along the outer wall of the screw rod 2. At this time, in order to continue to increase the downward rotation angle of the hook 5, the threaded connection between the first screw 552 and the original second threaded hole 56 is first released, and the hook 5 is rotated downward. During the rotation, the hook 5 generates a pulling force on the T-shaped slider 55A through the fourth slide 54A. The T-shaped slider 55A slides along the fourth slide 54A toward the side close to the cylinder 1. The end of the connecting rod 32 moves with the movement of the T-shaped slider 55A, and the angle between the top of the connecting rod 32 and the outer wall of the cylinder 1 is reduced. When the hook 5 is rotated downward to the required angle, the first screw 552 is screwed to the second threaded hole 56 at the corresponding position. The connection between the screw and the threaded hole is more stable than the clamping fixation.

[0034] Embodiment 4

[0035] Considering that the clamping limit mode in the second embodiment and the thread limit mode in the third embodiment both have the problem of a fixed distance between two adjacent limit points, which results in the limit of the adjustable degree of rotation of the hook. In order to more freely adjust the rotation angle of the hook, as shown in FIG. Figure 6 As shown, the technical difference between Example 4 and Example 3 lies in that the fourth slide 54B is provided with a limiting groove 541 with first positive ratchet teeth (not shown in the figure) uniformly arranged at the bottom end, the T-shaped slider 55B is provided with a mounting groove 553 for mounting a limiting block 554 away from the bottom end of the connecting rod 32, the bottom end of the limiting block 554 is provided with a first reverse ratchet (not shown in the figure) for meshing with the first positive ratchet teeth, the top end of the T-shaped slider 55 is provided with a third threaded hole 555 for threadedly mounting a second screw 556, the inner wall of the third threaded hole 555 is communicated with the inner wall of the mounting groove 553, and the bottom end of the second screw 556 is rotatably connected to the top end of the limiting block 554.

[0036] By default, the end of the T-shaped slider 55B away from the cylinder 1 is in contact with the inner wall of the fourth slide 54B away from the cylinder 1, the first positive ratchet is meshed with the first reverse ratchet, and the wire seat 3 cannot continue to move downward along the outer wall of the screw rod 2. At this time, in order to continue to increase the downward rotation angle of the hook 5, first rotate the second screw 556 forward to move the second screw 556 upward, and the second screw 556 drives the limit block 554 to move upward to release the meshing between the first positive ratchet and the first reverse ratchet. Then, the hook 5 is rotated downward, and the T-shaped slider 55B slides along the fourth slide 54B. When the hook 5 rotates downward to the desired angle, rotate the second screw 556 in the reverse direction to drive the limit block 554 to move downward until the first positive ratchet and the first reverse ratchet are re-engaged.

[0037] Furthermore, in order to facilitate observation of the moving distance of the T-shaped slider 55B, a scale line (not shown in the figure) is provided on the top of the hook 5 located at the opening of the fourth slideway 54B.

[0038] Further, such as Figure 4 As shown, in order to prevent the hook from being subjected to force and changing its angle during the process of pulling out the thyroid gland, a transmission block 21 with a hexagonal cross-section is integrally provided at the top of the screw rod 2, and a limiting column 41 whose outer wall is fitted and slidably connected to the inner wall of the cylinder 1 is integrally provided in the cover body 4, and a connecting hole 42 whose inner wall is fitted and slidably connected to the outer wall of the screw rod 2 is provided at the bottom end of the limiting column 41, and a transmission groove 43 is provided at the top of the inner wall of the connecting hole 42, and the top of the transmission block 21 is inserted into the transmission groove 43, and the outer wall of the cylinder 1 is connected to the connecting hole 42. A first limiting ring 12 is integrally provided on the upper part, and a second limiting ring 44 is integrally provided on the bottom end of the inner wall of the cover body 4. A second positive ratchet (not shown in the figure) and a second reverse ratchet (not shown in the figure) are respectively arranged around the bottom end of the first limiting ring 12 and the top end of the second limiting ring 44. The second positive ratchet engages with the opposite side of the second reverse ratchet. A pressure spring 6 is sleeved on the upper part of the outer wall of the cylinder 1. The top and bottom ends of the pressure spring 6 are respectively in contact with the top end of the first limiting ring 12 and the top end of the inner wall of the cover body 4.

[0039] When the hook 5 is subjected to force, a downward pulling force will be generated on the wire seat 3 through the slider 55A / 55B, the connecting rod 32 and the hinge block 31 in sequence. The downward pulling force on the wire seat 3 will act on the screw rod 2 and be converted into a rotational force that drives the screw rod 2. At this time, the rotational force on the screw rod 2 acts on the second limiting ring 44 through the transmission block 21, the transmission groove 43, the limiting column 41 and the cover body 4 in sequence. The second positive ratchet engages with the opposite side of the second reverse ratchet to provide a reaction force for the second limiting ring 44, thereby preventing the hook 5 from being subjected to force and changing the angle between it and the cylinder 1.

[0040] When the angle of the hook 5 needs to be adjusted, the cylinder 1 is held with one hand and the cover 4 is pressed with the other hand, so that the cover 4 drives the second limit ring 21 to move downward. During this process, the reverse ratchet and the forward ratchet on the second limit ring 44 are disengaged. At the same time, the pressure spring 6 contracts due to the downward pressure of the cover 4, and continues to press the cover 4 until the transmission block 32 is completely embedded in the transmission groove 22. Then the cover 4 is rotated to drive the screw rod 3 to rotate, and then the screw seat 3 is moved along the screw rod to the preset position, and the angle adjustment of the hook 5 is completed. Subsequently, the pressure on the cover 4 is stopped, the compression spring 6 is restored and pushes the cover 4 and the second limit ring 21 upward, and the reverse ratchet and the forward ratchet are engaged again to complete the self-locking mechanism.

[0041] The above are only preferred specific implementation methods of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical solution and invention concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Laparoscopic retractable umbrella-shaped thyroid retractor, characterized in that: include: A cylinder (1) with an opening at the top, a screw (2) arranged in the cylinder (1), a screw seat (3) threadedly connected to the outer wall of the screw (2), and a cover (4) sleeved and rotatably connected to the top of the cylinder (1), a plurality of draw hooks (5) being hingedly connected at equal intervals along the circumferential direction at the bottom end of the outer wall of the cylinder (1), a first slideway (11) having the same number as the draw hooks (5) being arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction on the outer wall of the cylinder (1), and a plurality of the first slideways (11) and a plurality of draw hooks (5) being connected to each other. Corresponding to the position of the hook (5), the first slideway (11) is fitted and slidably connected with a hinge block (31) fixedly connected to the outer wall of the wire seat (3), and the hinge block (31) is hinged with a connecting rod (32) at one end away from the wire seat (3), and the bottom end of the connecting rod (32) is hinged to the middle part of the corresponding pull hook (5), the bottom end of the screw rod (2) is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the inner wall of the cylinder (1), and the top end of the screw rod (2) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the cover body (4).

2. The laparoscopic retractable umbrella-shaped thyroid retractor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second slideway (51) is arranged at the top of the draw hook (5), the bottom end of the connecting rod (32) is inserted into the second slideway (51), and the outer wall is fitted and slidably connected to the inner wall of the second slideway (51), a limiting rod (321) is fitted and slidably connected in the third slideway (52), one end of the limiting rod (321) close to the second slideway (51) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the connecting rod (32), two third slideways (52) are symmetrically arranged on the inner walls on both sides of the second slideway (51), and a plurality of limiting grooves (53) are evenly spaced at the top of the third slideway (52), the limiting grooves (53) are arranged to be inclined upward from the end of the draw hook (5) to the cylinder (1), and the limiting grooves (53) are used for the limiting rod (321) to be clamped.

3. The laparoscopic retractable umbrella-shaped thyroid retractor according to claim 2, characterized in that: A fourth slideway (54A) is provided at the top of the pull hook (5), and a T-shaped slider (55A) is fitted and slidably connected inside the fourth slideway (54A) and is hinged to the bottom end of the connecting rod (32). A first threaded hole (551) for threadedly installing a first screw (552) is provided at the top of the T-shaped slider (55A) away from the connecting rod (32), and a plurality of second threaded holes (56) are evenly spaced at the bottom end of the inner wall of the fourth slideway (54A), and the inner diameter of the first threaded hole (551) is equal to the inner diameter of the second threaded hole (56).

4. The laparoscopic retractable umbrella-shaped thyroid retractor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fourth slideway (54B) is provided with a limiting groove (541) with first positive ratchet teeth evenly arranged at the bottom end; the bottom end of the T-shaped slider (55B) away from the connecting rod (32) is provided with a mounting groove (553) for mounting a limiting block (554); the bottom end of the limiting block (554) is provided with a first reverse ratchet for meshing with the first positive ratchet teeth; the top end of the T-shaped slider (55B) is provided with a third threaded hole (555) for threadedly mounting a second screw (556); the inner wall of the third threaded hole (555) is connected to the inner wall of the mounting groove (553); the bottom end of the second screw (556) is rotatably connected to the top end of the limiting block (554).

5. The laparoscopic retractable umbrella-shaped thyroid retractor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The top end of the pull hook (5) located at the opening of the fourth slideway (54B) is provided with a scale line.

6. The laparoscopic telescopic umbrella-shaped thyroid retractor according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that: The top end of the screw rod (2) is integrally provided with a transmission block (21) with a hexagonal cross section, the cover body (4) is integrally provided with a limit column (41) whose outer wall is fitted and slidably connected to the inner wall of the cylinder (1), the bottom end of the limit column (41) is provided with a connecting hole (42) whose inner wall is fitted and slidably connected to the outer wall of the screw rod (2), the top end of the inner wall of the connecting hole (42) is connected with a transmission groove (43), the top end of the transmission block (21) is inserted into the transmission groove (43), and the upper part of the outer wall of the cylinder (1) is integrally provided with a limit column (41) having an inner wall fitted and slidably connected to the outer wall of the screw rod (2). A first limiting ring (12) is arranged, and a second limiting ring (44) is integrally arranged at the bottom end of the inner wall of the cover body (4); a second positive ratchet and a second reverse ratchet are arranged around the bottom end of the first limiting ring (12) and the top end of the second limiting ring (44), respectively; the second positive ratchet and the second reverse ratchet are meshed with each other on the opposite side of the second positive ratchet; a pressure spring (6) is sleeved on the upper part of the outer wall of the cylinder body (1); the top and bottom ends of the pressure spring (6) are respectively in contact with the top end of the first limiting ring (12) and the top end of the inner wall of the cover body (4).

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