Laser processing head

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of laser processing, and discloses a laser processing head which comprises a light source, a reflector, a shell and a conical lens, a light path channel is formed in the shell, the light source, the reflector and the conical lens are all arranged in the light path channel, the reflector can reflect a laser beam emitted by the light source to the conical lens, and the conical lens is arranged on the shell. The laser beam is shaped into the annular light beam through the conical lens, so that the laser beam can form the annular light spot, the width of the annular light spot is large, the welding area can be covered in the width direction, and then the requirement for the wide welding seam is met without making the reflector swing back and forth. Namely, a motor used for driving the reflecting mirror to swing back and forth does not need to be arranged, so that the overburning phenomenon at the edge position of the welding seam can be avoided, the service life of the laser machining head is remarkably prolonged, in addition, due to the fact that the reflecting mirror does not need to swing, arrangement of a collimating mirror can be omitted, and the production cost can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of laser processing, and in particular to a laser processing head. Background Art

[0002] In thin plate laser welding, the laser processing head used for welding generally includes a light source, a reflector and a focusing lens, wherein the light source can emit a laser beam to the reflector, the reflector can reflect the laser beam to the focusing lens, and the focusing lens focuses the laser beam to form a point-shaped light spot, thereby welding the thin plate. For wide weld scenes, in the prior art, the reflector is usually driven by a motor to swing around the axis, so that the laser beam reflected by the reflector swings, and the light spot formed by the laser beam moves in a straight line direction, thereby meeting the requirements of wide welds.

[0003] However, in the process of the motor driving the reflector to swing back and forth, since the driving process needs to accelerate first and then decelerate, for the light spot moving back and forth in a straight line, the speed of the light spot will slow down when it moves close to the extreme position, which may cause overburning at the edge of the weld. Moreover, the motor will generate heat during the driving process, which will affect the service life of the laser processing head. In addition, the laser processing head also needs to additionally set a collimator between the light source and the reflector. The collimator is used to collimate the laser beam to ensure that the laser beam emitted by the light source can irradiate the reflector that swings to various positions, which leads to higher production costs. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a laser processing head to solve the problem that the edge of the weld is prone to overburning when a motor drives a reflector to swing to meet the requirement of a wide weld, which affects the service life of the laser processing head and has a high production cost.

[0005] To achieve this object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] Laser processing head, including:

[0007] A shell body, with an optical path formed inside;

[0008] a light source disposed in the optical path and configured to emit a laser beam; and

[0009] The reflector and the conical lens are both arranged in the optical path channel. The reflector is configured to reflect the laser beam emitted by the light source toward the conical lens, and the conical lens is configured to shape the laser beam into a ring-shaped beam.

[0010] Preferably, the conical lens is provided with a conical surface, the conical surface of the conical lens is a convex surface, and the conical surface of the conical lens is arranged on a side of the conical lens facing the reflector.

[0011] Preferably, the laser processing head further comprises a first protective mirror, which is arranged in the optical path channel and located on a side of the conical lens away from the reflector.

[0012] Preferably, the laser processing head comprises more than two of the first protective mirrors, and the more than two of the first protective mirrors are arranged at intervals along the optical path channel.

[0013] Preferably, the laser processing head further comprises a second protective mirror, which is arranged in the optical path channel and located between the light source and the reflector.

[0014] Preferably, the conical lens is pluggably mounted on the housing.

[0015] Preferably, a first cooling channel is provided in the shell, and the first cooling channel is arranged on the outer periphery of the optical path channel. A liquid inlet head and a liquid outlet head are installed on the shell, and the liquid inlet head and the liquid outlet head are respectively connected to the upstream end and the downstream end of the first cooling channel, and the liquid inlet head is configured to supply cooling liquid into the first cooling channel.

[0016] Preferably, a second cooling channel is provided inside the reflector, an upstream end of the second cooling channel is communicated with the liquid inlet head, and a downstream end of the second cooling channel is communicated with the liquid outlet head.

[0017] Preferably, a mounting plate is provided on the shell, and the mounting plate is detachably connected to a functional module, and the functional module is configured to supply processing materials when the laser processing head performs processing operations.

[0018] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0019] The present invention shapes the laser beam through a conical lens, so that the laser beam can form an annular spot, and the width of the annular spot is relatively wide, so that the welding area can be covered in the width direction, and the reflector does not need to swing back and forth to meet the requirements of a wide weld. That is, the present invention can meet the requirements of a wide weld without setting a motor for driving the reflector to swing back and forth, thereby avoiding overburning at the edge of the weld, and significantly improving the service life of the laser processing head. In addition, since the reflector does not need to swing, the present invention can also save the arrangement of a collimator, thereby reducing production costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1is a schematic structural diagram of a laser processing head in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 is a top view of the laser processing head except the wire feeding gun in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 is along Figure 2 Sectional view along line AA;

[0023] Figure 4 is along Figure 2 Sectional view along the midline BB;

[0024] Figure 5 is along Figure 2 Sectional view of the mid-CC line;

[0025] Figure 6 is along Figure 2 Sectional view along the mid-DD line;

[0026] Figure 7 is along Figure 2 Sectional view along line EE;

[0027] Figure 8 is along Figure 2 Sectional view along line FF;

[0028] Fig. 9 is along Figure 2 Sectional view of the mid-GG line;

[0029] Fig.10 is a schematic structural diagram of a laser processing head in a second embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Fig.11 is a schematic structural diagram of a laser processing head in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0031] Fig.12 is a schematic structural diagram of a laser processing head in a fourth embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Fig.13 1 is a light path diagram of a laser beam emitted by a light source in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0033] In the figure:

[0034] 1. Shell; 11. Optical path; 121. First flow channel; 122. Second flow channel; 123. Third flow channel; 124. Fourth flow channel; 131. Liquid inlet head; 132. Liquid outlet head; 141. Fifth flow channel; 142. Sixth flow channel; 15. Mounting plate; 161. First joint; 162. Second joint; 171. Wire feeding gun; 172. Powder feeding gun; 1721. First gun body; 17211. Powder inlet; 17212. First powder feeding joint; 1722. Second gun body; 17221. Powder outlet; 17222. Second powder feeding joint; 2. Light source; 3. Reflector; 4. Conical lens; 5. First protective mirror; 6. Second protective mirror. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, rather than to limit the present invention. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only parts related to the present invention, rather than all structures, are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0036] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected", "connected", and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0037] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or may include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" and "above" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" and "below" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0038] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "right", "left" and other directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of description and simplification of operation, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operate in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish in the description and have no special meaning.

[0039] Embodiment 1

[0040] See also Figures 1 to 9 , and combined with Fig.13 This embodiment provides a laser processing head. Similar to the prior art, the laser processing head also includes a light source 2 and a reflector 3, wherein the light source 2 is configured to emit a laser beam, and the reflector 3 is configured to reflect the laser beam emitted by the light source 2. It can be understood that the laser processing head also includes a shell 1, and an optical path channel 11 is formed inside the shell 1, and the light source 2 and the reflector 3 are both arranged in the optical path channel 11.

[0041] In addition, the laser processing head also includes a conical lens 4, which is also arranged in the optical path channel 11. The reflector 3 can reflect the laser beam emitted by the light source 2 toward the conical lens 4, and the conical lens 4 is configured to shape the laser beam into an annular beam, so that the laser beam can form an annular light spot.

[0042] Based on the above, the present embodiment shapes the laser beam through the conical lens 4, so that the laser beam can form an annular spot, and the width of the annular spot is relatively wide, so that the welding area can be covered in the width direction, and the reflector 3 does not need to swing back and forth to meet the requirements of a wide weld. That is, the present embodiment can meet the requirements of a wide weld without providing a motor for driving the reflector 3 to swing back and forth, thereby avoiding overburning at the edge of the weld, and significantly improving the service life of the laser processing head. In addition, since the reflector 3 does not need to swing, the present embodiment can also save the arrangement of a collimator, thereby reducing production costs.

[0043] In this embodiment, the conical lens 4 is provided with a conical surface, and the conical surface of the conical lens 4 is a convex surface. The conical surface of the conical lens 4 is arranged on the side of the conical lens 4 facing the reflector 3, so that the laser beam reflected by the reflector 3 can be shaped into an annular beam, and the laser beam can be focused, thereby forming an annular light spot of a preset size.

[0044] It is worth noting that the number of the conical lenses 4 can be one or more than two, and this embodiment does not impose any specific restrictions on this. When the number of the conical lenses 4 is more than two, the two or more conical lenses 4 are arranged at intervals along the optical path 11, so that the annular light beam can be gradually gathered according to the requirements, thereby ensuring that the size of the formed annular light spot meets the requirements.

[0045] In addition, the laser processing head also includes a first protective mirror 5, which is arranged in the optical path channel 11 and is located on the side of the conical lens 4 away from the reflector 3, so as to prevent impurities generated during the welding process from splashing to the conical lens 4 through the optical path channel 11, thereby ensuring that the laser processing head can work continuously and effectively.

[0046] Furthermore, the laser processing head includes two first protective mirrors 5 , which are arranged at intervals along the optical path 11 , thereby more effectively preventing impurities generated during the welding process from splashing onto the conical lens 4 through the optical path 11 .

[0047] It is worth noting that, in other optional embodiments, the laser processing head may also be configured to include three or more first protective mirrors 5, and all first protective mirrors 5 are arranged at intervals along the optical path 11, and this embodiment does not impose specific limitations on this.

[0048] In addition to the first protective mirror 5, the laser processing head also includes a second protective mirror 6, which is arranged in the optical path channel 11 and is located between the light source 2 and the reflector 3. The second protective mirror 6 can prevent external dust and other impurities from flowing from the side close to the light source 2 to the reflector 3 and the conical lens 4, thereby further preventing the reflector 3 and the conical lens 4 from being contaminated, thereby further ensuring that the laser processing head can continue to work effectively.

[0049] In addition, in this embodiment, the conical lens 4 is installed on the housing 1 in a pluggable manner, so that the conical lens 4 can be easily replaced.

[0050] It is understandable that since the lens plugging and unplugging structure is a prior art, this embodiment will not elaborate on it.

[0051] It should also be noted that, in the present embodiment, the first protective mirror 5 and the second protective mirror 6 can also be installed on the housing 1 in a pluggable manner, so as to facilitate replacement of the first protective mirror 5 and the second protective mirror 6 .

[0052] Furthermore, during the operation of the laser processing head, the conical lens 4 will generate heat due to the irradiation of the laser beam. In order to increase the service life of the conical lens 4, in the present embodiment, a first cooling channel is provided in the shell 1, and the first cooling channel is arranged on the outer periphery of the optical path channel 11. A liquid inlet head 131 and a liquid outlet head 132 are installed on the shell 1, and the liquid inlet head 131 and the liquid outlet head 132 are respectively connected to the upstream end and the downstream end of the first cooling channel, and the liquid inlet head 131 is configured to supply coolant into the first cooling channel, so as to cool the conical lens 4, thereby further ensuring that the laser processing head can work continuously and effectively.

[0053] In addition, during the operation of the laser processing head, the reflector 3 will also generate heat due to the irradiation of the laser beam. Therefore, in this embodiment, a second cooling channel is provided inside the reflector 3, and the upstream end of the second cooling channel is connected to the liquid inlet head 131, and the downstream end of the second cooling channel is connected to the liquid outlet head 132, so that the liquid inlet head 131 can also supply cooling liquid to the inside of the reflector 3, thereby cooling the reflector 3. Therefore, this embodiment can increase the service life of the reflector 3, thereby further ensuring that the laser processing head can work continuously and effectively.

[0054] Specifically, in this embodiment, the first cooling channel includes a first flow channel 121, a second flow channel 122, a third flow channel 123 and a fourth flow channel 124, the first flow channel 121 and the second flow channel 122 are arranged on the same side, and the third flow channel 123 and the fourth flow channel 124 are arranged on the same side, wherein the liquid inlet head 131 is connected to the upstream end of the first flow channel 121, the upstream end of the second flow channel 122 and the upstream end of the second cooling channel are both connected to the downstream end of the first flow channel 121, and the downstream end of the second cooling channel is connected to the upstream end of the third flow channel 123. Specifically, the second cooling channel includes a fifth flow channel 141 and a sixth flow channel 142. The upstream end of the fifth flow channel 141 is connected to the downstream end of the first flow channel 121, the downstream end of the fifth flow channel 141 is connected to the upstream end of the sixth flow channel 142, the downstream end of the sixth flow channel 142 is connected to the upstream end of the third flow channel 123, the downstream end of the third flow channel 123 is connected to the liquid outlet head 132, in addition, the downstream end of the second flow channel 122 is provided with a first joint 161, the upstream end of the fourth flow channel 124 is provided with a second joint 162, the first joint 161 and the second joint 162 are connected through an external water pipe, and the downstream end of the fourth flow channel 124 is connected to the upstream end of the third flow channel 123. As described above, the coolant injected into the first channel 121 through the liquid inlet head 131 can, on the one hand, flow through the first channel 121, the second channel 122, the fourth channel 124 and the third channel 123 in sequence, and on the other hand, can also flow through the first channel 121, the second cooling channel and the third channel 123 in sequence, thereby cooling the conical lens 4 and the reflector 3.

[0055] It is worth mentioning that a mounting plate 15 is provided on the shell 1, and the mounting plate 15 is detachably connected to the functional module. The functional module is configured to supply processing materials when the laser processing head performs processing operations. Based on the content mentioned above, in this embodiment, the laser processing head is used to perform laser welding operations. Therefore, the functional module installed on the mounting plate 15 is a wire feeding gun 171, and the wire feeding gun 171 is used to supply welding wire to the welding point during the laser welding process.

[0056] It is understandable that, since the functional module is detachably mounted on the mounting plate 15, the staff can choose to install different functional modules on the mounting plate 15 according to the actual operation, so that the laser processing head can be suitable for performing different laser processing operations.

[0057] It is worth noting that in the present embodiment, the functional module is detachably connected to the mounting plate 15 by bolt connection. Of course, in other optional embodiments, the functional module may also be detachably connected to the mounting plate 15 by other methods such as pin connection or plug-in connection, and the present embodiment does not impose any specific restrictions on this.

[0058] Embodiment 2

[0059] like Fig.10 As shown, compared with the first embodiment, the difference of this embodiment is that the laser processing head is used for cladding operation. Therefore, the functional module installed on the mounting plate 15 is a powder feeding gun 172, and the powder feeding gun 172 is used to feed powder during the cladding process. Specifically, in this embodiment, the powder feeding gun 172 includes a first gun body 1721 and a second gun body 1722. The first gun body 1721 is connected to the mounting plate 15, and the second gun body 1722 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the shell 1. The first gun body 1721 is provided with a powder inlet 17211, and the second gun body 1722 is provided with a plurality of powder outlets 17221, and a plurality of The powder outlets 17221 are evenly arranged along the circumference of the shell 1. In addition, a plurality of first powder delivery connectors 17212 are provided on the first gun body 1721, and the plurality of first powder delivery connectors 17212 are all connected to the powder inlet 17211. A plurality of second powder delivery connectors 17222 are provided on the second gun body 1722, and the plurality of second powder delivery connectors 17222 are connected one-to-one with the plurality of powder outlets 17221. The plurality of first powder delivery connectors 17212 are connected one-to-one with the plurality of second powder delivery connectors 17222 through powder delivery pipes (not shown in the figure), so that powder can be delivered during the cladding process.

[0060] Embodiment 3

[0061] like Fig.11 As shown, compared with the first embodiment, the difference of this embodiment is that the laser processing head is used for cladding operation, and different from the second embodiment, the powder feeding gun 172 in this embodiment is directly sleeved on the outer periphery of the shell 1.

[0062] Embodiment 4

[0063] like Fig.12 As shown, compared with the first embodiment, the difference of this embodiment is that the laser processing head is used for laser cutting operation, so no functional module is installed on the mounting plate 15.

[0064] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, various obvious changes, readjustments and substitutions can be made without departing from the protection scope of the present invention. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. Laser processing head, It is characterized in that include: A housing (1) having an optical path channel (11) formed therein; a light source (2), disposed in the optical path channel (11) and configured to emit a laser beam; and The reflector (3) and the conical lens (4) are both arranged in the optical path channel (11); the reflector (3) is configured to reflect the laser beam emitted by the light source (2) toward the conical lens (4); and the conical lens (4) is configured to shape the laser beam into a ring-shaped beam.

2. The laser processing head according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The conical lens (4) is provided with a conical surface, the conical surface of the conical lens (4) is a convex surface, and the conical surface of the conical lens (4) is arranged on the side of the conical lens (4) facing the reflector (3).

3. The laser processing head according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The laser processing head also includes a first protective mirror (5), which is arranged in the optical path channel (11) and is located on a side of the conical lens (4) away from the reflector (3).

4. The laser processing head according to claim 3, It is characterized in that The laser processing head comprises more than two of the first protective mirrors (5), and the more than two of the first protective mirrors (5) are arranged at intervals along the optical path channel (11).

5. The laser processing head according to claim 3, It is characterized in that The laser processing head also includes a second protective mirror (6), which is arranged in the optical path channel (11) and located between the light source (2) and the reflector (3).

6. The laser processing head according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The conical lens (4) is installed on the housing (1) in a pluggable manner.

7. The laser processing head according to claim 1, It is characterized in that A first cooling channel is provided in the shell (1), and the first cooling channel is arranged on the outer periphery of the optical path channel (11). A liquid inlet head (131) and a liquid outlet head (132) are installed on the shell (1), and the liquid inlet head (131) and the liquid outlet head (132) are respectively connected to the upstream end and the downstream end of the first cooling channel, and the liquid inlet head (131) is configured to supply cooling liquid into the first cooling channel.

8. The laser processing head according to claim 7, It is characterized in that A second cooling channel is provided inside the reflector (3); the upstream end of the second cooling channel is connected to the liquid inlet head (131), and the downstream end of the second cooling channel is connected to the liquid outlet head (132).

9. The laser processing head according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The housing (1) is provided with a mounting plate (15), the mounting plate (15) being detachably connected to a functional module, the functional module being configured to supply processing materials when the laser processing head is performing a processing operation.

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