Sea-island fiber, suede microfiber leather and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a sea-island fiber, which comprises: a sea structure, the material of which comprises polyethylene glycol terephthalate; the island structure is a composite fiber, the composite fiber comprises a core material and a skin layer coating the core material, the material of the core material comprises polypentamethylene diamine adipate and a dye, and the material of the skin layer comprises polycaprolactam. The sea-island fiber provided by the invention has excellent dyeing performance and color fastness, and can be used for manufacturing suede microfiber leather with high dyeing performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to leather products, in particular to artificial leather. Background Art

[0002] Suede microfiber leather is made of sea-island fiber nonwoven fabric as the base material, impregnated with polyurethane resin and solidified to form a microfiber / polyurethane composite material, which is then opened to obtain a microfiber leather base fabric, and then processed through finishing processes such as sanding and dyeing. It has a polyurethane microporous mesh surface structure and a bundle-like internal structure, which is extremely similar to the structural morphology of the grain layer and mesh layer of natural leather, and is the best product to replace natural leather.

[0003] At present, the appearance color of suede microfiber leather is mostly obtained through dyeing process. Due to the small fiber fineness of suede microfiber leather, the dyeing performance and color fastness are poor. Summary of the invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present application provide a sea-island fiber, a suede microfiber leather and a preparation method thereof to solve the technical problem of poor dyeing performance and color fastness of the suede microfiber leather.

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a sea-island fiber, wherein the sea-island fiber comprises:

[0006] A sea structure, wherein the material of the sea structure comprises polyethylene terephthalate;

[0007] The island structure is a composite fiber, the composite fiber includes a core material and a skin layer covering the core material, the material of the core material includes polypentamethylene adipate and dye, and the material of the skin layer includes polycaprolactam.

[0008] In some embodiments of the present application, the dye is at least one of an organic dye, an inorganic dye, a photosensitizing dye, and a thermosensitive dye; and / or,

[0009] Calculated by mass percentage of the core material, the content of the dye is 1% to 40%.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present application, the dye is at least one of an inorganic dye, a photosensitive dye, and a thermosensitive dye, and the particle size of the dye is 1 to 50 um.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present application, the photosensitizing dye includes at least one of silver chloride, silver bromide, stilbene dyes, spirocyclic dyes, norbornadiene dyes, fulgide dyes, triphenylmethane derivative dyes, and salicylic acid aniline dyes.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present application, the thermosensitive dye includes at least one of the following substances:

[0013] Iodides, complexes or double salts containing Ag, Cu or Hg;

[0014] Compounds formed from cobalt or nickel salts and hexamethylenetetramine;

[0015] Spiro dyes, dianthrone dyes, Schiff base dyes, fluorene dyes or triphenylmethane dyes.

[0016] In some embodiments of the present application, the organic dye includes at least one of ruthenium carboxylate polypyridyl, ruthenium phosphate polypyridyl, polynuclear bipyridyl ruthenium dye, polymethine dye, and xanthene dye.

[0017] In some embodiments of the present application, the inorganic dye includes at least one of CI Pigment Yellow 184, Pigment Blue 29, Pigment Blue 28, Pigment Green 50, titanium dioxide, carbon black, etc.

[0018] In some embodiments of the present application, the island structure comprises 50% to 80% of core material and 20% to 50% of skin material in terms of mass percentage of the island structure; and / or,

[0019] Calculated by mass percentage of the sea-island fibers, the sea-island fibers include 20% to 30% of sea structures and 70% to 80% of island structures.

[0020] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for preparing sea-island fibers, wherein the sea-island fibers are the sea-island fibers described in any embodiment of the first aspect, and the method for preparing the sea-island fibers comprises the following steps:

[0021] The polypentamethylene adipate is dyed;

[0022] Polyethylene terephthalate, polycaprolactam, and dyed polypentamethylene adipate are processed by extrusion molding to obtain sea island fibers.

[0023] The polyethylene terephthalate forms the sea structure of the sea-island fiber, the polypentamethylene adipate forms the core material, and the polycaprolactam forms the skin layer.

[0024] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a suede microfiber leather, wherein the suede microfiber leather comprises the sea island fiber described in any embodiment of the first aspect, or the sea island fiber prepared by the method described in any embodiment of the second aspect.

[0025] The above technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present application has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0026] The sea-island fiber provided in the embodiment of the present application uses composite fiber as the island structure of the sea-island fiber. The material of the core material of the composite fiber includes polypentamethylene adipate and dye, and the material of the cortex includes polycaprolactam. Polypentamethylene adipate has more dyeing sites, so it has excellent dyeing performance and color fastness. The sea-island fiber provided in the embodiment of the present application can be used to make suede microfiber leather with high dyeing performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present application.

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0029] Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of a method for preparing sea-island fibers provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0031] Unless otherwise specified, the terms used herein should be understood as commonly used in the art. Therefore, unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those generally understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. In the event of a conflict, this specification takes precedence.

[0032] Unless otherwise specified, various raw materials, reagents, instruments and equipment used in this application can be purchased from the market or prepared by existing methods.

[0033] The existing suede microfiber leather has the technical problems of poor dyeing performance and color fastness.

[0034] The technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present application is to solve the above technical problems, and the overall idea is as follows:

[0035] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a sea-island fiber, wherein the sea-island fiber comprises:

[0036] A sea structure, wherein the material of the sea structure comprises polyethylene terephthalate;

[0037] The island structure is a composite fiber, the composite fiber includes a core material and a skin layer covering the core material, the material of the core material includes polypentamethylene adipate and dye, and the material of the skin layer includes polycaprolactam.

[0038] It is easy to understand that the number of carbon atoms in the main chain repeating unit of polypentamethylene adipate (i.e. nylon 56) is similar to that of nylon 6, nylon 66 and other materials, but it has one less carbon atom than nylon 66, which makes it difficult for the groups that originally form intramolecular hydrogen bonds in nylon 66 to pair up and form hydrogen bonds in nylon 56, resulting in the presence of hydrogen atoms and oxygen atoms that have not formed hydrogen bonds, which can form hydrogen bonds with some groups in the dye. Therefore, nylon 56 has more dyeing sites than nylon 66, and has higher dyeing performance and color fastness.

[0039] The beneficial effect of the island structure of the present application using a composite fiber including a core material and a skin layer covering the core material is that a better dyeing effect is produced by the core material, and the skin layer uses physical means to prevent the dye from diffusing easily into the sea structure.

[0040] The present application uses composite fibers as the island structure of the sea-island fibers. The core material of the composite fibers includes polypentamethylene adipate and dye, and the cortex material includes polycaprolactam. Polypentamethylene adipate has more dyeing sites, and thus has excellent dyeing performance and color fastness. The sea-island fibers provided in the embodiments of the present application can be used to make suede microfiber leather with high dyeing performance.

[0041] In some embodiments of the present application, the dye is at least one of an organic dye, an inorganic dye, a photosensitive dye, and a thermosensitive dye.

[0042] It is easy to understand that commonly used dyes have good dyeing effects on polypentamethylene adipate.

[0043] In some embodiments of the present application, the dye is at least one of an inorganic dye, a photosensitive dye, and a thermosensitive dye, and the particle size of the dye is 1 to 50 um.

[0044] The beneficial effect of the particle size of the dye being 1 to 50 μm is that the dye can be fully dispersed in the core material and is not easy to leak out or be lost during processing.

[0045] As an example, when the dye is at least one of an inorganic dye, a photosensitizing dye, and a thermosensitive dye, the particle size of the dye may be 1 um, 5 um, 10 um, 20 um, or 50 um.

[0046] In some embodiments of the present application, the photosensitizing dye includes at least one of silver chloride, silver bromide, stilbene dyes, spirocyclic dyes, norbornadiene dyes, fulgide dyes, triphenylmethane derivative dyes, and salicylic acid aniline dyes.

[0047] In some embodiments of the present application, the thermosensitive dye includes at least one of the following substances:

[0048] Iodides, complexes or double salts containing Ag, Cu or Hg;

[0049] Compounds formed from cobalt or nickel salts and hexamethylenetetramine;

[0050] Spirocyclic dyes, dianthrone dyes, Schiff base dyes, fluorene dyes or triphenylmethane dyes.

[0051] In some embodiments of the present application, the organic dye includes at least one of ruthenium carboxylate polypyridyl, ruthenium phosphate polypyridyl, polynuclear bipyridyl ruthenium dye, polymethine dye, and xanthene dye.

[0052] In some embodiments of the present application, the inorganic dye includes at least one of CI Pigment Yellow 184, Pigment Blue 29, Pigment Blue 28, Pigment Green 50, titanium dioxide, carbon black, etc.

[0053] In some embodiments of the present application, the island structure comprises 50% to 80% of core material and 20% to 50% of skin material in terms of mass percentage of the island structure; and / or,

[0054] Calculated by mass percentage of the sea-island fibers, the sea-island fibers include 20% to 30% of sea structures and 70% to 80% of island structures.

[0055] The island structure comprises 50% to 80% of core material and 20% to 50% of skin material, and has the beneficial effect of making the composite fiber not easy to break and having an obvious coloring effect.

[0056] The beneficial effect of the sea island fiber comprising 20% ​​to 30% sea structure and 70% to 80% island structure is that there is sufficient sea structure to ensure the overall spinnability of the sea island fiber, and sufficient sea structure is beneficial to improving the feel of the spun products of the sea island fiber; at the same time, the content of the sea structure is not too high to cause dissolution difficulties and easy pollution problems.

[0057] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for preparing sea-island fibers, wherein the sea-island fibers are the sea-island fibers described in any embodiment of the first aspect, and the method for preparing the sea-island fibers comprises the following steps:

[0058] S11: dyeing polypentamethylene adipate;

[0059] S12: Polyethylene terephthalate, polycaprolactam, and polypentamethylene adipate dyed with dye are subjected to extrusion molding to obtain sea island fibers.

[0060] The polyethylene terephthalate forms the sea structure of the sea-island fiber, the polypentamethylene adipate forms the core material, and the polycaprolactam forms the skin layer.

[0061] Those skilled in the art can realize the extrusion molding of the island-in-the-sea fibers by using an extruder dedicated to the island-in-the-sea fibers.

[0062] The preparation method of the sea island fiber provided in the present application introduces dyes during the production stage of the sea island fiber, thereby eliminating the subsequent dyeing process; by selecting polypentamethylene adipate as the core material, the sea island fiber has good dyeing performance and high color fastness; by additionally coating the core material with a cortex layer, the dye of the core material is not easy to seep out and the dyeing effect is more durable.

[0063] In addition, the current dyeing process is usually achieved by immersion in a dye solution. However, for some dyes, especially photosensitive dyes and thermosensitive dyes, it is not easy to find a suitable solvent. Therefore, the technical means of introducing dyes during the production stage of the sea island fiber in the present application is particularly suitable for the preparation of sea island fibers dyed with functional dyes such as photosensitive dyes or thermosensitive dyes.

[0064] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a suede microfiber leather, wherein the suede microfiber leather comprises the sea island fiber described in any embodiment of the first aspect, or the sea island fiber prepared by the method described in any embodiment of the second aspect.

[0065] As an example, the suede microfiber leather can be prepared by the following steps:

[0066] S21: subjecting the sea-island fibers to bundling, stretching, curling, drying, shaping, cutting, and packaging to obtain short fibers;

[0067] S22: opening, combing, web laying and needle punching the short fibers to form a nonwoven fabric;

[0068] S23: impregnating the nonwoven fabric into polyurethane, and curing the polyurethane impregnated into the nonwoven fabric to obtain prefabricated leather;

[0069] S24: reducing, sanding and finishing the prefabricated leather to obtain suede microfiber leather.

[0070] The suede microfiber leather is realized based on the sea island fiber described in any embodiment of the first aspect or the sea island fiber prepared by the method described in any embodiment of the second aspect. The specific implementation of the suede microfiber leather can refer to the above embodiments and common knowledge in the field. Since the suede microfiber leather adopts part or all of the technical solutions of the above embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here one by one.

[0071] The present application will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are intended only to illustrate the present application and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. The experimental methods for which specific conditions are not specified in the following examples are usually measured according to industry standards. If there is no corresponding industry standard, then the conditions recommended by the manufacturer are followed.

[0072] Example 1

[0073] This embodiment provides a sea-island fiber, wherein the sea-island fiber comprises:

[0074] A sea structure, wherein the material of the sea structure comprises polyethylene terephthalate;

[0075] The island structure is a composite fiber, the composite fiber includes a core material and a skin layer covering the core material, the material of the core material includes polypentamethylene adipate and dye, and the material of the skin layer includes polycaprolactam.

[0076] Calculated by mass percentage of the core material, the content of the dye is 1%.

[0077] In terms of mass percentage of the island structure, the island structure comprises 50% of core material and 50% of skin material.

[0078] Calculated by mass percentage of the sea-island fibers, the sea-island fibers include 20% of sea structures and 80% of island structures.

[0079] The dye is silver bromide, and the particle size of the dye is 10-30 um.

[0080] Example 2

[0081] This embodiment provides a sea-island fiber, wherein the sea-island fiber comprises:

[0082] A sea structure, wherein the material of the sea structure comprises polyethylene terephthalate;

[0083] The island structure is a composite fiber, the composite fiber includes a core material and a skin layer covering the core material, the material of the core material includes polypentamethylene adipate and dye, and the material of the skin layer includes polycaprolactam.

[0084] Calculated by mass percentage of the core material, the content of the dye is 40%.

[0085] In terms of mass percentage of the island structure, the island structure comprises 80% of core material and 20% of skin material.

[0086] Calculated by mass percentage of the sea-island fibers, the sea-island fibers include 30% of sea structures and 70% of island structures.

[0087] The dye is silver iodide, and the particle size of the dye is 1-20 um.

[0088] Example 3

[0089] This embodiment provides a sea-island fiber, wherein the sea-island fiber comprises:

[0090] A sea structure, wherein the material of the sea structure comprises polyethylene terephthalate;

[0091] The island structure is a composite fiber, the composite fiber includes a core material and a skin layer covering the core material, the material of the core material includes polypentamethylene adipate and dye, and the material of the skin layer includes polycaprolactam.

[0092] Calculated by mass percentage of the core material, the content of the dye is 1% to 40%.

[0093] In terms of mass percentage of the island structure, the island structure comprises 50% to 80% of core material and 20% to 50% of skin material.

[0094] Calculated by mass percentage of the sea-island fibers, the sea-island fibers include 20% to 30% of sea structures and 70% to 80% of island structures.

[0095] The dye is ruthenium carboxylate polypyridyl.

[0096] Various embodiments of the present application may be presented in the form of a range; it should be understood that the description in the form of a range is only for convenience and brevity, and should not be understood as a rigid limitation on the scope of the present application; therefore, the range description should be considered to have specifically disclosed all possible sub-ranges and single numerical values ​​within the range. For example, the range description from 1 to 6 should be considered to have specifically disclosed sub-ranges, such as from 1 to 3, from 1 to 4, from 1 to 5, from 2 to 4, from 2 to 6, from 3 to 6, etc., as well as single numbers within the range, such as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, which apply regardless of the range. In addition, whenever a numerical range is indicated herein, it is meant to include any cited number (fractional or integer) within the indicated range.

[0097] In the present application, in the absence of any contrary description, the directional words used, such as "upper" and "lower", are specifically the directions of the drawings in the accompanying drawings. In addition, in the description of the present application specification, the terms "including", "comprising", etc. refer to "including but not limited to". Moreover, the terms "including", "comprising" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, method, article or equipment including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or equipment. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "including..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or equipment including the elements. In this article, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply that there is any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. In this article, "and / or" describes the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships, for example, A and / or B, which can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. For the association relationship of more than three associated objects described by "and / or", it means that any one of these three associated objects can exist alone, or any at least two of them exist at the same time. For example, for A, and / or B, and / or C, it can be represented that any one of A, B, and C exists alone, or any two of them exist at the same time, or three of them exist at the same time. In this article, "at least one" refers to one or more, and "multiple" refers to two or more. "At least one", "the following at least one (individual)" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single (individual) or plural (individual). For example, "at least one (individual) of a, b, or c", or "at least one (individual) of a, b, and c", can all represent: a, b, c, ab (i.e. a and b), ac, bc, or abc, wherein a, b, and c can be single or multiple, respectively.

[0098] The above description is only a specific implementation of the present application, so that those skilled in the art can understand or implement the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest range consistent with the principles and novel features applied for herein.

Claims

1. A sea-island fiber, It is characterized in that The sea-island fiber comprises: A sea structure, wherein the material of the sea structure comprises polyethylene terephthalate; The island structure is a composite fiber, the composite fiber includes a core material and a skin layer covering the core material, the material of the core material includes polypentamethylene adipate and dye, and the material of the skin layer includes polycaprolactam.

2. The sea-island fiber according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The dye is at least one of an organic dye, an inorganic dye, a photosensitive dye, and a thermosensitive dye; and / or, Calculated by mass percentage of the core material, the content of the dye is 1% to 40%.

3. The sea-island fiber according to claim 2, It is characterized in that The dye is at least one of an inorganic dye, a photosensitive dye and a thermosensitive dye, and the particle size of the dye is 1 to 50 um.

4. The sea-island fiber according to claim 2, It is characterized in that The photosensitive dye includes at least one of silver chloride, silver bromide, stilbene dyes, spiro dyes, norbornadiene dyes, fulgide dyes, triphenylmethane derivative dyes, and salicylic acid aniline dyes.

5. The sea-island fiber according to claim 2, It is characterized in that The thermosensitive dye comprises at least one of the following substances: Iodides, complexes or double salts containing Ag, Cu or Hg; Compounds formed from cobalt or nickel salts and hexamethylenetetramine; Spirocyclic, dianthrone, Schiff base, fluorene or triphenylmethane dyes.

6. The sea-island fiber according to claim 2, It is characterized in that The organic dye comprises at least one of carboxylic acid polypyridyl ruthenium, phosphate polypyridyl ruthenium, polynuclear bipyridyl ruthenium dye, polymethine dye and xanthene dye.

7. The sea-island fiber according to claim 2, It is characterized in that The inorganic dye includes at least one of CI Pigment Yellow 184, Pigment Blue 29, Pigment Blue 28, Pigment Green 50, titanium dioxide, carbon black and the like.

8. The sea-island fiber according to claim 1, It is characterized in that Calculated by mass percentage of the island structure, the island structure comprises 50% to 80% of core material and 20% to 50% of skin material; and / or, Calculated by mass percentage of the sea-island fibers, the sea-island fibers include 20% to 30% of sea structures and 70% to 80% of island structures.

9. A method for preparing sea-island fibers, It is characterized in that The sea-island fiber is the sea-island fiber according to any one of claims 1 to 8, and the preparation method of the sea-island fiber comprises the following steps: The polypentamethylene adipate is dyed; Polyethylene terephthalate, polycaprolactam, and dyed polypentamethylene adipate are processed by extrusion molding to obtain sea island fibers. The polyethylene terephthalate forms the sea structure of the sea-island fiber, the polypentamethylene adipate forms the core material, and the polycaprolactam forms the skin layer.

10. A suede microfiber leather, It is characterized in that The suede microfiber leather comprises the sea-island fiber according to any one of claims 1 to 8, or the sea-island fiber prepared by the method according to claim 9.

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