Condensing lens driving support device

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of gardening cultivation, in particular to a daylight illumination system applied to a greenhouse or a plant factory. Through the combination of the controller, the collecting lens, the main driving mechanism and the irradiator, sunlight is converted into illumination with stable irradiation direction and controllable light intensity, and the illumination requirement of the high-density three-dimensional cultivation frame is met. The invention further relates to a matched greenhouse, the outer vertical face or the top is provided with a light through hole, and the primary optical axis of the daylight illumination system passes through the light through hole. The invention further relates to a matched lighting method, and a good lighting effect is obtained through few steps.

Description

[0001] This application is a divisional application of Chinese patent application 201911209799.4, filed on December 1, 2019, with the invention name “An agricultural daylight transmission lighting system and a matching greenhouse and lighting method”. Technical Field

[0002] The present invention relates to the field of horticultural cultivation, and in particular to a system for lighting and supplementing light by using sunlight, which is integrated and installed in a greenhouse or a plant factory, and a greenhouse and a lighting method matched with the system. Background Art

[0003] The development direction of modern agriculture is facility agriculture, and the development direction of facility agriculture is plant factories that can precisely control the growth environment of crops. The existing control technologies for water, air, nutrients, temperature and humidity, which are necessary for crop growth, are very mature, but light control is more difficult and is the bottleneck of agricultural technology development.

[0004] In order to achieve higher utilization of unit land area, the cultivation method tends to develop in the direction of three-dimensional cultivation. Modern greenhouses generally set up three-dimensional cultivation racks for vertical cultivation, so that the cultivation area per unit land area is increased to increase the yield. For example, column cultivation, A-frame cultivation, drum cultivation, etc. The definition of high-density three-dimensional cultivation is different from open-field cultivation and mainstream flat cultivation in greenhouses. The cultivation racks of high-density three-dimensional cultivation are set up in three dimensions. If the cultivation area is laid flat on the plane, it should be significantly larger than the flat area. However, in a greenhouse that directly uses sunlight for lighting, such a design only allows the cultivation on the top layer of the cultivation rack to receive enough sunlight, and the lower layer of the cultivation rack will be shielded by the upper layer and adjacent cultivation racks. In addition, the rising and setting of the sun and the momentary changes in the angle of sunlight will also cause the problem of changes in the intensity of light at different positions and times of the three-dimensional cultivation rack. In addition, the columns and brackets in the greenhouse will also block the sunlight and cast shadows, resulting in insufficient light in some areas of the greenhouse. In order to reduce the problem of three-dimensional cultivation racks blocking light, the three-dimensional cultivation racks are generally separated by a large distance, thereby reducing the cultivation density and making it difficult to achieve high-density three-dimensional cultivation.

[0005] To solve the above problems, there is a technical solution that uses artificial light sources instead of sunlight for lighting. For example, in a multi-span glass greenhouse for growing tomatoes, the leaves in the lower canopy of vertically climbing and indefinitely growing tomato plants are shaded by the upper leaves and it is difficult for them to get enough sunlight. Even when using agricultural sodium lamps for supplementary lighting, the agricultural sodium lamps installed on the top of the greenhouse still have difficulty irradiating the leaves in the lower canopy, so some healthy leaves in the lower canopy will be removed. Therefore, there are reports that Dutch researchers installed LED supplementary lighting devices in the middle and lower layers of the tomato canopy. Later, domestic multi-span glass greenhouse operators also tried the same supplementary lighting method and achieved higher yields.

[0006] In order to solve the problem of high-density three-dimensional cultivation of crops, fully artificial light plant factories, also known as vertical farms, have emerged in recent years, such as AeroFarms in the United States and my country's Zhongke Sanan Plant Factory. There are multi-layer cultivation racks, and each layer is illuminated by artificial light sources, achieving the effect of high-density three-dimensional cultivation. However, it is reported that even for the cultivation of lettuce, which requires low light, using more energy-saving red and blue LED light sources, the lighting power consumption per square meter of cultivation area is nearly 100W, and the lighting power consumption per acre of cultivation area is 66 kilowatts. Therefore, the excessive energy consumption increases the cultivation cost and limits the development of fully artificial light plant factories.

[0007] Sunlight is the most direct and effective free light source on earth. It is also the source of fossil energy, wind energy and hydropower on earth. Therefore, other technical teams are also trying to solve the problem of high-density three-dimensional cultivation under sunlight illumination with different technical solutions.

[0008] Some technical solutions are to design movable cultivation racks to track the movement of sunlight.

[0009] Domestic invention patent application No. 201410788355.1 discloses an automatic sun-following multi-layered three-dimensional strawberry cultivation system, which drives the cultivation rack to rotate with the sunlight to obtain stable lighting. The problem is that the cultivation rack itself is heavy, so the energy consumption of the motor is also high.

[0010] Skygreens, a Singapore-based company, has vegetable cultivation troughs on a water-driven up-and-down circulatory cultivation rack, which allows each layer of vegetables to be successively lifted to the top of the greenhouse with sufficient sunlight to receive sunlight, and then successively descend to the water tank at the bottom to absorb water. This cultivation method has a cultivation density many times greater than that of a multi-span glass greenhouse, and is a high-density three-dimensional cultivation method. The vegetable yield is also higher than that of a multi-span glass greenhouse. The problem is that the hydraulic drive device operates slowly, and the vegetables in each layer of the cultivation trough receive a short period of sufficient intensity of sunlight, and the vegetables are in the middle and lower layers of the cultivation rack with insufficient lighting for a longer period of time, so the growth rate of vegetables is slower than that of a single-layer multi-span glass greenhouse. Although the cultivation density is many times that of a multi-span glass greenhouse, the yield has not increased many times, and is still limited by the problem of insufficient lighting.

[0011] my country's Zhonghuan Yida Company has developed a mobile multi-layer stereoscopic track cultivation system. The vegetable cultivation trough moves on the multi-layer stereoscopic track, which improves the problem of different growth speeds of vegetables caused by different daylight intensity at different positions of the stereoscopic cultivation racks in general multi-span greenhouses. In recent years, a design has also been displayed at the domestic agricultural expo, in which the cultivation trough is suspended on the track, and the track transports the cultivation trough to the area with strong light and then transports it back to the area with dark light. Under the condition of similar cultivation density, the effect of these two forms in daylight lighting is similar to that of Singapore's Green Sky Farm.

[0012] When searching for related inventions in this field, some solutions using optical fiber technology and light guide technology were found in this field.

[0013] Domestic utility model patent application number 201520431694.4 and domestic invention patent application number 201710905698.5, both technical solutions use light pipes as the intermediate transmission medium of light. The problem is that the light loss in light pipe transmission is large. The longer the light pipe, the smaller the diameter, the more reflections, the greater the loss. For example, a light pipe with a reflectivity of 0.95 will lose more than 40% of its light energy after 10 internal reflections. Add the loss of the light cover, the loss of the connection, and the loss of the diffuser, and the comprehensive loss of light energy is too large.

[0014] The technical solutions of domestic utility model patent application No. 201120361809.9 and domestic invention patent application No. 201110121985.X both use optical fiber bundles as the intermediate transmission medium of light, in which optical couplers, optical fiber transmission, optical splitters, and light-emitting lamps will cause light loss, and there is also the problem of large light energy loss. In addition, optical fiber has different transmittances for different spectra, especially for ultraviolet and infrared rays, which have a greater shielding effect, while ultraviolet and infrared rays are beneficial to plant growth.

[0015] Light pipe lighting technology and fiber optic lighting technology are widely used in residential and public buildings. The direct sunlight intensity on a sunny day can reach 60,000 to 100,000 lx, while according to my country's "Architectural Lighting Design Standards", residential buildings only need 30lx to 300lx, and public buildings need 50lx to 500lx. The intensity of sunlight is hundreds to thousands of times the intensity of building lighting. Therefore, although the light energy transmission loss of light pipe lighting technology and fiber optic lighting technology is relatively large, it can also meet the general building lighting needs.

[0016] However, the light intensity required for plant growth is many times higher than that required for life. For example, the light compensation point of lettuce is close to 3000lx, and the light saturation point is 70000lx. Lettuce will wither if the light intensity is lower than 3000lx. The lighting for growing lettuce in artificial light plant factories must be above 10000lx to meet the needs of normal growth.

[0017] The existing solutions for general building lighting cannot meet the needs of agricultural lighting. Therefore, the light guide technology and optical fiber introduction lighting technology with low lighting efficiency and large light energy loss in the propagation process are difficult to apply in plant cultivation.

[0018] There are other problems with daylight lighting in multi-span glass greenhouses and plastic greenhouses. The lighting surface of fixed greenhouses and plastic greenhouses is fixed, and they cannot maintain a suitable lighting angle as the sun rises and sets. The excessive light in greenhouses and plastic greenhouses at noon can easily cause light suppression. The temperature in the greenhouse is too high at noon, which can easily cause high temperature disorders in plants. Shading and heat dissipation are required. Therefore, glass greenhouses must be equipped with blackout curtains, and plastic greenhouses use mud water to reduce the intensity of incident light on the greenhouse film. Therefore, current glass greenhouses and plastic greenhouses also waste a lot of sunlight resources and have a low utilization rate of sunlight.

[0019] Therefore, a daylight lighting system is needed with good lighting effect, less light transmission loss, and lighting intensity that can meet the requirements for normal plant growth. The system should also be able to meet the needs of high-density three-dimensional cultivation. Summary of the invention

[0020] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that it is difficult to achieve high-density three-dimensional cultivation using daylight illumination. To solve this problem, the present invention provides an agricultural daylight transmission lighting system, as well as a greenhouse and a lighting method that are compatible with the system.

[0021] The agricultural sunlight transmission lighting system of the present invention comprises: a controller, a condenser, a main driving mechanism, and an illuminator; under the control of the controller, the condenser is driven by the main driving mechanism to track the sun, reflect and / or refract sunlight to the illuminator, and the illuminator illuminates the object to be illuminated.

[0022] It is difficult to design a structure for fixed stereoscopic cultivation racks in agricultural facilities so that vegetables grown in different positions can still obtain stable lighting when the sun's angle of illumination is constantly changing. If the cultivation device is designed to follow the movement of sunlight, it will bring about the problem of complex movement device, large weight load and high energy consumption. After applying an agricultural daylight transmission lighting system of the present invention, the sunlight with a constantly changing angle of illumination as the sun rises in the east and sets in the west can be converted into sunlight with a stable angle of illumination. Under the condition of a stable angle of illumination, a corresponding high-density stereoscopic cultivation rack can be designed. Therefore, the present invention can solve the problem that it is difficult to achieve high-density stereoscopic cultivation with daylight illumination.

[0023] Preferably, the illuminator is a reflector, a transmissive mirror, a light guide plate or a combination thereof, and the illuminator illuminates the microalgae or plants.

[0024] Different optical designs and combinations of illuminators can be designed according to the light intensity and lighting range required by microalgae or plants. The advantage is that they can adapt to the lighting needs of different plant growth. For example, for plants that require strong light, the illuminator can be designed to have a more concentrated irradiation area and stronger light. For plants that require weaker light, such as common leafy vegetables, and precious medicinal materials such as Panax notoginseng, ginseng, Dendrobium officinale and Anoectochilus roxburghii that require even weaker light, as well as microalgae, the irradiator can be designed to increase the irradiation area and reduce the light intensity.

[0025] Preferably, more than one light guide mirror is arranged on the optical path between the condenser and the illuminator. The shape of the light guide mirror body is a flat plate, an arc plate, a wheel, a pyramid, a prism, a windmill, or a fan blade. The reflecting surface is a flat surface or a curved surface. The light guide mirror and / or the illuminator are fixedly installed or moved by a secondary driving mechanism.

[0026] After adding the light guide mirror, the direction of the light path can be changed more flexibly, and obstacles in the facility can be bypassed. After adding the secondary drive mechanism, the light guide mirror and the irradiation mirror can be put into motion. The moving light guide mirror or irradiation mirror can change the direction of the light path, so that the emitted light beam has a scanning effect. The irradiated plants obtain a pulse lighting effect of alternating light and dark under the scanning light beam. According to the characteristics of the light reaction and dark reaction of plant photosynthesis, the alternating light and dark lighting can obtain a higher light energy utilization rate under the same light energy, which helps to increase the yield.

[0027] Preferably, a fill light should also be provided, the fill light comprising a driving circuit and a light source, the driving circuit outputting a pulse current to drive the light source to flash and emit light.

[0028] After adding the fill light, the normal growth of plants can be guaranteed even on cloudy days or at night. The fill light emits pulsed light, which can provide fill light for plants in a more energy-saving way.

[0029] Preferably, a fill light should be arranged in front of the light guide mirror or illuminator that moves under the drive of the secondary driving mechanism. The fill light includes a driving circuit, a spotlight cover, and a light source. The fill light emits a light beam that passes through the moving light guide mirror and / or the moving illuminator to perform scanning illumination on the object to be illuminated.

[0030] The advantageous effect of this preferred solution is that the stable light beam emitted by the fill light can be converted into pulse light after passing through a moving illuminator or light guide mirror, thereby providing fill light for plants in a more energy-saving manner.

[0031] A solar thermal utilization device, such as a solar panel and / or a solar heat collecting tube, should also be provided. The solar thermal utilization device is provided on the branch light path of the condenser, or on the branch light path of a movable light guide. The condenser can move the light beam from the main light path to the solar thermal utilization device on the branch light path under the drive of the main driving mechanism, or the light guide can move the light beam from the main light path to the solar thermal utilization device on the branch light path under the drive of the secondary driving mechanism.

[0032] After adding the solar thermal utilization device, when there is no need for lighting in the greenhouse, the collected sunlight can be used to generate electricity or to collect heat. The collected heat can be used to increase the temperature of the greenhouse or the culture medium, thus achieving a comprehensive utilization of sunlight.

[0033] The present invention also provides a greenhouse matched with an agricultural daylight transmission lighting system, wherein the facade and / or top of the greenhouse is provided with one or more light holes, the main optical axis of the agricultural daylight transmission lighting system of the present invention passes through one of the light holes, and a supporting device of the illuminator is provided inside the greenhouse.

[0034] The greenhouse of the present invention can be used in conjunction with a daylight transmission lighting system of the present invention, and has corresponding light holes and corresponding installation positions. High-density three-dimensional cultivation facilities corresponding to the agricultural daylight transmission lighting system of the present invention can be arranged in the greenhouse, which can better achieve the effect of high-density three-dimensional cultivation.

[0035] Preferably, a hanging track is provided above the greenhouse, and the agricultural robot and / or the cargo basket can work or be transported on the hanging track.

[0036] The addition of this suspension track will make it easier for the agricultural robot to work in the greenhouse, as the agricultural robot does not need to occupy the aisle position.

[0037] The present invention also provides a method for utilizing sunlight to obtain a larger effective lighting cultivation area. The effective lighting refers to lighting that can meet the needs of normal plant growth. The steps of the method include: Step a, the condenser mirror tracks the sun under the drive of the main driving mechanism; Step b, the condenser reflects and / or refracts sunlight to the irradiator; In step c, the illuminator illuminates the microalgae or plants.

[0038] Its beneficial effect is that it can efficiently collect sunlight, transmit sunlight, and reduce light energy loss.

[0039] Preferably, step b of the method can be decomposed into b11 and b12: b11: The condenser reflects and / or refracts sunlight to the light guide; b12: The light guide mirror rotates under the drive of the secondary driving mechanism, and projects the light beam to a plurality of illuminators in sequence in a scanning manner; Preferably, step b of the method can be decomposed into b21 and b22: B21: The condenser reflects and / or refracts sunlight to the light guide; B22: The light guide mirror reflects sunlight to the illuminator driven by the secondary driving mechanism; Its beneficial effect is to further improve the utilization rate of light energy in plant photosynthesis, further increase the effective lighting area and increase the cultivation density under the condition of the same sunlight collection area. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the present invention being applied to balcony cultivation.

[0041] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the present invention applied to multi-span greenhouse cultivation.

[0042] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the present invention being applied to the supporting multi-layer greenhouse cultivation of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the present invention being applied to cultivating microalgae in a photobioreactor.

[0044] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the present invention applied to greenhouse cultivation using a fixed light guide mirror and a moving illuminator.

[0045] Figure 6 It is a partial schematic diagram of the present invention applied to the coordination of a moving light guide mirror and a plurality of fixed illuminators. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The present invention will be further described below through specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0047] Reference Figure 1 , is a schematic diagram of the present invention applied to cultivation on a balcony of a high-rise residential building. The main driving mechanism is composed of a pitch driving shaft 21, a vertical arm 22 and a horizontal driving shaft 23. The horizontal driving shaft 23 is installed on the outside of the balcony guardrail 91 through a fixed bracket 94, and the pitch driving shaft 21 is connected to the reflecting condenser 11. The controller can be installed in a concealed manner, for example, it can be set in the main driving device. The cultivation rack 81 is vertically set in the balcony, and flowers or vegetables 41 are cultivated on the cultivation rack 81. An illuminator 31 is provided, which is a plane reflector and is installed on the top of the balcony through a fixed bracket 94.

[0048] When the embodiment is working, the controller outputs a control signal to drive the horizontal motion axis 23 and the pitch motion axis 21 of the main driving mechanism, and drives the reflective condenser 11 to track the sun 01 and reflect the sunlight 02 toward the illuminator 31. The illuminator illuminates the flowers or vegetables 41.

[0049] In areas with high latitudes, the reflective condenser 11 and the main drive mechanism can be set in the balcony guardrail 91, and unobstructed lighting can be maintained all year round. The direction in which the cultivation rack 81 is set can also be set on the walls on the left and right sides of the balcony. If the illuminator 31 is improved to an aspherical reflector, the illumination of the cultivation racks at different positions can be made more uniform according to the optical design. The illuminator can also have a variety of optical designs.

[0050] Reference Figure 2 , is a schematic diagram of the present invention applied to multi-span greenhouse cultivation. A main drive mechanism is installed on the greenhouse light-transmitting ceiling 93; the main drive mechanism is composed of a pitch drive shaft 21, an inclined arm 24 and a horizontal drive shaft 23. The pitch drive shaft 21 is connected to the Fresnel focusing lens 12. The controller can be concealedly installed, for example, it can be set in the main drive device. The cultivation rack 81 is an A-type rack, which is arranged in the multi-span greenhouse, and flowers or vegetables 41 are cultivated on the cultivation rack 81 by the aerosol cultivation method. The illuminator is a light guide plate structure, which is composed of a light guide plate light absorbing part 34 and a light guide plate light emitting part 33. A pulse fill light 61 is also arranged above the greenhouse, and the pulse fill light 61 is installed on the greenhouse frame through a fixed bracket 94. The irradiation area of ​​the pulse fill light 61 is the light absorbing part 34 of the light guide plate.

[0051] When the present embodiment is working, the controller outputs a control signal to drive the horizontal motion axis 23 and the pitch motion axis 21 of the main driving mechanism, and drives the Fresnel condenser lens 12 to track the sun 01, and converges the sunlight 02 through the light hole 99 covered with transparent material to the light absorbing part 34 of the irradiator light guide plate. The light emitting part 33 of the light guide plate radiates the sunlight 02 to the flowers or vegetables 41 on the cultivation rack 81 arranged around the light guide plate in the multi-span greenhouse. On cloudy days or at night, the pulse fill light 61 starts to work, emitting pulse light to irradiate the light absorbing part 34 of the light guide plate, and the light emitting part 33 of the light guide plate provides fill light illumination to the cultivated flowers or vegetables 41.

[0052] 03 is a schematic diagram of the light spot.

[0053] refer to Figure 3, is a schematic diagram of the present invention applied to the multi-layer greenhouse cultivation of the present invention. The main driving mechanism is composed of a pitch driving shaft 21, a vertical arm 22 and a horizontal driving shaft 23. The base of the main driving device is installed on the ground, or on a nearby roof that is lower than the greenhouse 92. A plurality of main driving mechanisms and condensers can be set in a greenhouse. The pitch driving shaft 21 is connected to the reflecting condenser 11. The controller can be installed in a concealed manner, for example, it can be set in the main driving device, and the controller controls the operation of the main driving mechanism, the secondary driving mechanisms 25 and 26 through a wireless connection. The cultivation rack 81 is horizontally arranged in the greenhouse 92, which is soil culture or soilless culture, and flowers or vegetables 41 are cultivated on the cultivation rack 81. The type of irradiator is a spectroscopic irradiator 35, which is installed on the top of the greenhouse through the secondary driving mechanism 25. The spectroscopic irradiator 35 can reflect a beam of light into multiple beams of light through optical design. A constant current fill light 62 is also provided above the greenhouse, and the constant current fill light 62 is installed above the greenhouse through a secondary drive mechanism 26. A horizontal motion guide rail 95 is also provided in the middle and upper part of the greenhouse 92, and a robot 96 works in a suspended manner on the guide rail. A solar energy light and heat utilization device 98 is also provided on the facade of the greenhouse, which is composed of a solar cell panel or a heat collecting tube.

[0054] When the present embodiment is working, the controller outputs a control signal to drive the horizontal motion axis 23 and the pitch motion axis 21 of the main driving mechanism, drives the reflective condenser 11 to track the sun 01, and converges the sunlight 02 through the light hole 99 to illuminate the spectroscopic irradiator 35. The spectroscopic irradiator 35 reflects multiple beams of sunlight 02 to illuminate the flowers or vegetables 41 on multiple cultivation racks 81 respectively. The spectroscopic irradiator 35 can also rotate back and forth perpendicular to the paper surface under the drive of the secondary driving mechanism 25 to generate a scanning light spot perpendicular to the paper surface, so as to perform scanning pulse illumination on the flowers or vegetables 41 on the cultivation rack 81 in a larger area. On cloudy days or at night, the constant current fill light 62 starts to work, and can rotate parallel to the paper surface or perpendicular to the paper surface under the drive of the secondary driving mechanism 26 to perform fill light illumination on the flowers or vegetables 41 on the cultivation rack 81 in a larger area. When there is sunlight 02 but no lighting is needed, the main drive mechanism drives the condenser to move the light spot away from the main light path and turn it to the solar thermal utilization device 98 of the branch light path to generate electricity or collect heat. The collected heat can be used to heat the greenhouse 92, quickly increase the room temperature in a cold environment, and can also be used to keep the culture solution in the cultivation rack 81 warm.

[0055] refer to Figure 4, is a schematic diagram of the present invention applied to the cultivation of microalgae in a photobioreactor. The main drive mechanism is composed of a pitch drive shaft 21, an L-shaped curved arm 24 and a horizontal drive shaft 23. The main drive mechanism is installed on the top of the greenhouse. The pitch drive shaft 21 is connected to the reflective condenser 11. The downward light guide mirror 54 is driven by a uniaxial secondary drive mechanism 27 to perform pitch rotation, and the light beam is turned downward through the light hole 99. The fixed bracket 94 on which the secondary drive mechanism 27 and the downward light guide mirror 54 are installed is fixedly connected to the body of the condenser 11. The vibrating light guide mirror 51 is arranged inside the greenhouse 92, and the rotating shaft of the vibrating light guide mirror 51 is connected to a galvanometer motor. The controller can be concealedly installed, for example, it can be arranged in the main drive device, and the controller can also control the operation of the main drive mechanism, the secondary drive mechanism 27 and the galvanometer motor by wireless connection. A plurality of photobioreactors 82 are arranged in the cultivation area, and the photobioreactors contain culture solution and microalgae 42. One or more light guide plate light emitting parts 33 curled into a cylindrical shape are inserted into one or more photobioreactors, and one end of the light guide plate has a light guide plate light absorbing part 34. A light hole 99 is also provided on the top of the greenhouse, and a solar energy light and heat utilization device 98 is provided on the top of the greenhouse near the light hole 99, which is composed of a solar cell panel and / or a heat collecting tube.

[0056] When the present embodiment is working, the controller outputs control signals to drive the main drive mechanism, the secondary drive mechanism 27, and the galvanometer motor of the vibrating light guide mirror respectively. The optical main axis of the reflective condenser 11 faces the sun, tracks the sun 01, and converges the sunlight 02 to the downward light guide mirror 54. The downward light guide mirror 54 transmits the sunlight downward, through the light hole 99, and shines on the vibrating light guide mirror 51. Driven by the galvanometer motor, the vibrating light guide mirror 51 rotates back and forth along the rotation axis, reflects the light beam into a scanning light beam that swings back and forth, and the light beam sequentially scans and illuminates different light guide plate light absorbing parts 34. The light absorbed by the light guide plate illuminates the microalgae in the culture liquid of the photobioreactor through the light guide plate light emitting part 33. When there is sunlight 02 but illumination is not needed, the secondary drive mechanism 27 drives the downward light guide mirror 54 to move the light spot away from the main light path and turn it to the solar thermal utilization device 98 of the branch light path to generate electricity or collect heat. The collected heat can be used to heat up the greenhouse 92 or to heat up the culture fluid in the photobioreactor 82 .

[0057] refer to Figure 5, is a schematic diagram of greenhouse cultivation in which the present invention is applied to a fixed light guide mirror and a moving illuminator. The main drive mechanism is composed of a pitch drive shaft 21, a vertical arm 22 and a horizontal drive shaft 23. The base of the main drive device is installed on the top of the greenhouse. The pitch drive shaft 21 is connected to the reflective condenser 11, and the mirror surface of the reflective condenser 11 is the tire reflective surface. The fixed downward light guide mirror 52 is installed on the top of the greenhouse 92 through a fixed bracket 94, above the light hole 99. A prismatic illuminator 36 composed of multiple reflectors is arranged in the greenhouse. The rotating shaft of the prismatic illuminator 36 is connected to the secondary drive mechanism 28. The secondary drive mechanism 28 is fixedly installed in the greenhouse. The cultivation rack 81 is arranged vertically, and flowers or vegetables 41 are cultivated. A vertical moving guide rail 95 is also arranged in the greenhouse 92, and the robot 96 and the cargo basket 97 move up and down and work on the guide rail. A constant current fill light 62 is also provided in the greenhouse 92. The lampshade of the constant current fill light is designed as a spotlight cover, which can emit a spotlight beam like a searchlight. The constant current fill light 62 is installed next to the prism-shaped illuminator 36 with a fixed bracket 94, and illuminates the reflecting surface of the prism-shaped illuminator in an oblique direction.

[0058] When the present embodiment is working, the controller outputs control signals to drive the main drive mechanism and the secondary drive mechanism 28 respectively. The reflective condenser 11 tracks the sun 01, and converges the sunlight 02 to the fixed downward light guide 52 to transmit the sunlight downward, through the light hole 99, to the rotating prismatic illuminator 36. The rotating prismatic illuminator 36 reflects the light beam into a scanning light beam that scans the cultivation rack 81 from top to bottom. Depending on the number of irradiation surfaces and the rotation speed of the prismatic illuminator, the light and dark alternation frequency of the pulsed light obtained by the flowers or vegetables 41 on the cultivation rack is different. Depending on the different optical designs of the curved reflective surface of the prismatic illuminator, the instantaneous light intensity and light and dark duty cycle of the pulsed light obtained by the flowers or vegetables 41 on the cultivation rack are different.

[0059] refer to Figure 6 It is a partial schematic diagram of the present invention applied to the coordination of a moving light guide mirror and a plurality of fixed illuminators. A multi-layer cultivation rack 81, in which flowers or vegetables 41 are cultivated in the cultivation area at the bottom of each layer of the cultivation rack. An illuminator is provided at the top of each layer of the cultivation rack, and the illuminator is of a light guide plate type, and the light emitting portion 33 of the light guide plate illuminates the cultivation area downward. A light guide plate light absorbing portion 34 is provided protruding from one end of the light guide plate. The positions of the light guide plate light absorbing portions 34 of the multiple light guide plates of different layers relative to the moving light guide mirror 53 do not block each other in the field of vision. The moving light guide mirror 53 is designed to be pyramidal and has a plurality of reflecting surfaces. The rotating shaft is driven to rotate by the secondary drive mechanism 28. The secondary drive mechanism is installed in the greenhouse through a fixed bracket 94.

[0060] When this embodiment is working, the controller controls the secondary driving mechanism 28 to rotate, driving the pyramidal light guide mirror 53 to rotate and irradiate the incident light beam to the light absorbing part 34 of the light guide plate of different layers in turn, and then the light emitting part 33 of the light guide plate performs pulse lighting on the flowers or plants 41 in the cultivation rack 81.

[0061] According to the different number of irradiation surfaces and the different rotation speeds of the pyramid-shaped moving light guide mirror, the light-dark alternation frequency of the pulsed light obtained by the flowers or vegetables 41 on the cultivation rack 81 is different. According to the different curved optical designs of the reflective surface of the pyramid-shaped moving light guide mirror, the instantaneous illumination intensity and light-dark duty ratio of the pulsed light obtained by the flowers or vegetables 41 on the cultivation rack are different.

[0062] The illuminator of this embodiment can also be designed in the form of other optical mirror combinations. For example, the light absorbing part 34 can be set as a mirror reflector, and another reflector or multi-faceted reflectors in the top 33 of the cultivation area form a double reflector. The light beam emitted by the moving light guide only needs two reflections to illuminate the plants, and the light path is Z-shaped. The light path of this embodiment is a sawtooth shape, and the light has multiple internal reflections in the light guide plate.

[0063] The implementation of the present invention is not limited by the above specific embodiments. Those skilled in the art can design multiple variations within the scope of the technical solution protected by the present invention, or use similar technical means to achieve the same technical effect of the present invention. The present invention also has the following multiple implementation details.

[0064] There are many ways for the controller to obtain the real-time position information of the sun. One is to record the local geographical location parameters and the annual motion trajectory parameters of the sun, calculate the real-time altitude angle and azimuth angle of the sun according to the time, output the corresponding control signal, and control the operation of the system of the present invention; the second way is that the controller can input the azimuth information of the sun measured in the field for one year, and obtain the real-time position information of the sun according to the time calculation. The third way is to add a light position sensor, which can be installed on the condenser to feed back the sun position information to the controller in real time to correct the movement of the main drive mechanism. The light position sensor can also be installed on the main light path, and feed back the offset information of the light path to the controller to make corrections. The controller can be installed in a concealed manner, such as integrated with the main drive mechanism, or the industrial control board of the controller can be installed in the building. One controller can control a set of systems of the present invention, or it can simultaneously control multiple sets of systems of the present invention in a cluster. The control signal of the controller can be connected to the main drive mechanism through a line, or it can be connected wirelessly. The wirelessly connected controller and the main drive mechanism and the secondary drive mechanism are respectively provided with matching wireless transceiver units.

[0065] The structure of the condenser can be a Fresnel condenser, a spherical reflector, an aspheric reflector, a parabolic reflector, an off-axis parabolic reflector, a folding reflector in the field of telescopes, a double reflector, and a tire tread reflector used in the field of heliostats, or a double-reflecting condenser composed of a flat mirror of a heliostat and a fixed curved mirror. There are two ways of focusing the condenser. The first is that the optical axis of the condenser faces the sun, and the focus does not change relative to the condenser body. The second is heliostat focusing. The condenser can also be equipped with a dome-shaped protective cover for rain and dust protection.

[0066] The main drive mechanism has at least two motion axes, one is the horizontal motion axis, which is responsible for tracking the solar azimuth angle, and the other is the pitch motion axis, which is responsible for tracking the solar altitude angle. For example, in the dual-axis drive device of the heliostat, the horizontal motion axis and the pitch motion axis are connected by a vertical arm. A non-vertical connecting arm can also be set between the horizontal motion axis and the pitch motion axis. The non-vertical connecting arm structure can be an inclined arm or an L-shaped curved arm or a U-shaped curved arm, and the bottom of the U-shaped curved arm is connected to the horizontal drive axis. The length of the non-vertical connecting arm is in the range of 0.3 to 2 times the focal length of the condenser. The effect of this design is that when the horizontal motion axis of the main drive mechanism rotates, the lens body of the condenser rotates around the focus. The structure of the horizontal motion axis or the pitch motion axis can be a motor and a reduction device. The main drive mechanism can also be designed in other ways. For example, a motion mechanism with more than three axes can also achieve the motion effect of two motion axes.

[0067] The function of the illuminator is to provide suitable lighting conditions for the object being illuminated. The illuminator can be a reflector, such as a spherical reflector, an aspheric reflector, a plane reflector, or a diffuse reflector; the illuminator can be a transmissive mirror, such as a convex lens, a concave lens, or a diffuse transmissive mirror; the illuminator can be a light guide plate or a light guide column; the illuminator can also be composed of a combination of optical mirrors in the above forms or a plurality of reflective or refractive surfaces on the mirror body of the illuminator. The illuminator can be fixedly installed or installed on a secondary drive mechanism. The object irradiated by the illuminator is an organism with photosynthetic pigments, such as photosynthetic bacteria, microalgae, and plants. The design and layout of the illuminator can be designed according to the required light intensity of microalgae or plants. For plants that require strong light, such as grain crops, fruits, and tropical plants, the illuminator can be designed with a smaller irradiation area and stronger light. For plants that require weaker light, such as common leafy vegetables, the illuminator can be designed with a larger irradiation area. For example, when using LED as a light source to grow lettuce, the light intensity only needs to be one-tenth to one-fifth of the direct sunlight to meet the growth requirements of lettuce. Then the present invention can collect one unit area of ​​direct sunlight to meet the cultivation needs of several unit areas of lettuce. For precious medicinal materials such as Panax notoginseng, ginseng, Dendrobium officinale and Anoectochilus roxburghii, and microalgae that require lower light intensity, collecting one unit area of ​​sunlight can meet the cultivation and culture needs of more than ten units of area.

[0068] The function of the light guide is to change the direction of the light path. The light guide can be fixed or installed on the secondary drive mechanism. The shape of the light guide body is flat, curved, wheel, pyramid, umbrella, trumpet, prism, windmill, fan blade, and a light guide can have multiple reflective surfaces, which are flat, curved or sawtooth. A light guide can guide the light beam to multiple illuminators in the same space in a scanning manner while in motion, and the light obtained by each illuminator is alternating between light and dark. Under the condition that the lighting conditions and the illuminator conditions remain unchanged, the pulse frequency of the light alternating between light and dark obtained by each illuminator is different according to the number of reflective surfaces and the rotation speed of the light guide; the duty ratio of the light alternating between light and dark obtained by each illuminator is different according to the optical design of the reflective surface of the light guide. Under such conditions, the plants illuminated by the illuminator also obtain alternating light and dark. The instantaneous light intensity and the duty ratio of light and dark are determined by the design and rotation speed of the illuminator.

[0069] Secondary drive mechanism. In the implementation of the present invention, one system can be provided with more than one secondary drive mechanism. The secondary drive mechanism can be installed and connected to the illuminator, can also be installed and connected to the light guide mirror, and can also be connected to the fill light. It can be a single-axis motion mechanism, or a motion mechanism with more than two axes. The secondary drive mechanism can be a single motor or can be composed of a transmission device. The transmission device can be a gear drive, a belt drive, or a connecting rod mechanism. In the scheme of driving the illuminator or the light guide mirror to rotate back and forth, the motor is designed as a galvanometer motor.

[0070] The light source of the fill light can be an agricultural sodium lamp or an LED lamp, or other artificial light sources with a luminous spectrum suitable for plant fill light. The fill light includes a driving circuit, a light source and a lampshade. The driving power supply can be a DC output to make the light source emit light stably, such as a ballast; the driving power supply can also be designed to output a pulse current to drive the light source to emit pulse light. The lampshade can be designed as a spotlight cover through optical design, or it can be designed as a diffuse reflection cover. The fill light can directly illuminate the cultivated plants, the beam of the fill light can also indirectly illuminate the plants through the irradiator, and the beam of the fill light can also be reflected by the light guide mirror to illuminate the plants. The fill light can be fixedly installed or connected to a secondary driving mechanism and rotated under the drive of the secondary driving mechanism. When the irradiator and / or the light guide mirror are in a moving state, the DC drive emits a fill light that emits stable light. The emitted light beam passes through the moving irradiator and / or the light guide mirror to become a scanning light beam, and the irradiated plants receive alternating light and dark pulse light.

[0071] The solar thermal utilization device provided in the present invention is composed of a solar cell panel and / or a solar heat collecting tube. The solar thermal utilization device is arranged on the branch light path of the condenser, or on the branch light path of a movable light guide, or on the top and facade of a greenhouse. When the plant cultivation area does not need lighting, or when the room temperature needs to be increased and heating is required, the condenser, driven by the main drive device, shines a light beam toward the solar thermal utilization device, or the light guide, driven by the secondary drive device, shines a light beam toward the solar thermal utilization device. The advantageous effect is that the comprehensive utilization of sunlight can be achieved.

[0072] The present invention can also add a lens heat sink, which can be arranged on the light guide mirror or the illuminator. The heat dissipation method of the radiator can be air cooling, water cooling, or semiconductor cooling.

[0073] The condenser, light guide and illuminator of the present invention can be designed to be conveniently disassembled, assembled and replaced, and matching latching and locking devices are provided at the mirror body and the mounting position of the fixed bracket or the driving mechanism.

[0074] The greenhouse of the present invention is a one-layer structure or a multi-layer structure. The facade and / or the top of the greenhouse are provided with more than one light-through hole, and the main optical axis of the agricultural daylight transmission lighting system passes through one of the light-through holes. The light-through hole can be arranged to communicate with the outside world, or can be designed to be covered with a transparent material. The covered transparent material can be coated with an anti-reflection film, or covered with a functional film that blocks and weakens the light of certain bands. A fixed bracket installation device for the illuminator and / or the light guide mirror is arranged inside the greenhouse, and a fixed bracket installation device for installing a secondary drive mechanism is also arranged. The edge of the light-through hole arranged on the top of the greenhouse is designed with a rainproof protrusion or groove; the light-through hole arranged on the facade of the greenhouse has a rainproof structure. The top of the greenhouse is provided with an installation position for installing the main drive mechanism. The cultivation rack in the greenhouse is a horizontal cultivation rack, a vertical cultivation rack or a multi-layer cultivation rack. A hanging track or a track vertical to the ground is arranged above the greenhouse, and the track is equipped with a power supply device. The agricultural robot and / or the cargo basket can work or be transported on the hanging track. The facade and top covering materials of the greenhouse can be non-translucent materials, such as cement facade and top. In a multi-layer greenhouse, light holes that penetrate more than two layers are also set up so that the light beams of the light guide mirror can propagate across layers. Multi-layer greenhouses are also equipped with elevators for people and goods to go up and down. There should also be cross-layer vertical tracks for robots to work across layers.

Claims

1. A condenser drive bracket device, comprising a condenser, a pitch motion axis, a connecting arm, a horizontal motion axis, a light guide mirror or an illuminator, characterized in that: The connecting arm structure connecting the horizontal motion axis and the pitch motion axis is an inclined arm, an L-shaped curved arm or a U-shaped curved arm, and the length of the connecting arm is 0.3 to 2 times the focal length of the condenser; when working, the horizontal motion axis and the pitch motion axis jointly drive the condenser to rotate around its focus, and the light guide mirror or the illuminator is arranged at the focus.

2. A condenser drive bracket device according to claim 1, characterized in that: On the optical path between the condenser and the illuminator, more than 0 light guide mirrors are arranged. When the number of light guide mirrors is 0, the sunlight gathered by the condenser is used to scan and illuminate the object through the illuminator driven by the secondary driving mechanism. When the number of light guide mirrors is not 0, at least one of the illuminator and the light guide mirror is driven to move by the secondary driving mechanism. When the illuminator is driven to move by the secondary driving mechanism, the object is scanned and illuminated. When the illuminator is not moved and the light guide mirror is driven to move by the secondary driving mechanism, the object is illuminated with pulsed light.

3. A condenser drive bracket device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The illuminator is a reflector, a transmission mirror, a light guide plate or a combination thereof, and the illuminated object is microalgae or a plant.

4. A condenser drive bracket device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The shape of the light guide mirror body is a flat plate, an arc plate, a wheel, a pyramid, a prism, a windmill, or a fan blade, and the reflecting surface is a flat surface or a curved surface.

5. The condenser drive bracket device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The shape of the light guide mirror body is a flat plate, an arc plate, a wheel, a pyramid, a prism, a windmill, or a fan blade, and the reflecting surface is a flat surface or a curved surface.

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