Horizontal well drilling equipment, drilling method and application in deep oil and gas exploitation field

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of oil and gas drilling, and particularly relates to horizontal well drilling equipment, a drilling method and application in the field of deep oil and gas exploiting.The horizontal well drilling equipment comprises a drill bit, a plurality of blades are evenly arranged on one side of the drill bit, a liquid through hole is formed in the drill bit, and a plurality of guide holes evenly communicate with the peripheral side face of the liquid through hole; a nozzle is arranged in the guide hole, and a flow velocity sensor is arranged in the nozzle; a plurality of arc-shaped plates are evenly and rotatably connected to the peripheral side face of the drill bit, an electromagnetic plate is slidably connected to the side, close to the drill bit, of each arc-shaped plate, a corrugated sleeve is arranged at the other end of each electromagnetic plate, a magnetic ring is arranged at the other end of each corrugated sleeve, and a plurality of distance sensors are evenly arranged on the side wall of each magnetic ring. An insertion rod is arranged on the side wall of the electromagnetic plate and located in the corrugated sleeve. The horizontal well drilling equipment is easy to operate, safe, stable, capable of effectively achieving horizontal well drilling procedures, high in drilling efficiency, good in drilling effect and capable of meeting the drilling requirements of different scenes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of oil and gas drilling, and specifically relates to horizontal well drilling equipment, a drilling method and applications in the field of deep oil and gas exploitation. Background Art

[0002] Horizontal well drilling technology is an advanced drilling method. It increases the contact area between the wellbore and the reservoir by drilling horizontal well sections in the oil and gas reservoir, thereby increasing the oil and gas production and recovery rate. This technology is particularly important in oil and gas field development because it can effectively increase the length of the target layer, increase the oil leakage area, and increase the oil and gas production several times. Horizontal well drilling equipment is widely used in oil and gas field development, groundwater resource development, urban infrastructure construction and other fields. In oil and gas field development, horizontal well technology can significantly improve the recovery rate and reduce production costs.

[0003] Chinese invention patent CN101956530B relates to downhole drilling equipment for oil wells, specifically, a downhole horizontal drilling tool for oil wells that can drill holes in steel casing walls, cement and rock layers in one trip down the well, including an actuator and a power source sealed and connected thereto, the actuator being divided into three layers: inner, middle and outer, including a drilling tool for drilling holes in steel casing walls and a guide for drilling holes in cement layers and rocks; the horizontal well drilling equipment has low drilling efficiency and poor drilling effect.

[0004] Chinese invention patent CN115992647A belongs to the field of oil drilling technology, and specifically relates to a horizontal well coupled steerable drilling tool, system and drilling method. The drilling tool of the present invention comprises an inclined well section steerable drilling tool assembly for inclined well section steerable drilling and a horizontal section steerable drilling tool assembly for horizontal section steerable drilling; the horizontal well drilling operation is difficult and the drilling accuracy is low.

[0005] When drilling a horizontal well, the drill bit needs to drill vertically downward for a distance first, then tilt and turn the drill bit to drill and finally reach the horizontal direction. During the tilt and turn drilling process, different positions of the drill bit are subjected to different extrusion forces from the inner wall of the well. Therefore, when the drill bit is subjected to different extrusion forces for a long time and rotates during drilling, it is not only easy to reduce the drilling accuracy, but also easy to be damaged, which ultimately affects the life of the drill bit.

[0006] When the drill bit is drilling in the horizontal direction, the drill bit's own gravity will cause it to be located at the bottom of the well and reduce the drilling accuracy, thereby reducing the normal flow of the drilling fluid.

[0007] Moreover, when the drill bit is drilling continuously, the hardness of the rock in some parts is too high and collides with the rotation of the drill bit, which can easily cause damage to the drill bit, reduce the drilling fluid spraying rate from the nozzle, and thus reduce the flushing and cleaning effect of rock impurities in the drilling.

[0008] When the drill bit works for a long time, rock impurities are easily attached to the outer surface. The drilling fluid sprayed from the nozzle alone cannot guarantee the cleaning effect of the outer surface of the drill bit, thereby reducing the drilling efficiency and drilling effect of the drill bit. Summary of the invention

[0009] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides horizontal well drilling equipment, a drilling method and applications in the field of deep oil and gas exploitation.

[0010] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a horizontal well drilling device, comprising a drill bit, a plurality of blades are evenly arranged on one side of the drill bit, a liquid through hole is opened inside the drill bit, a plurality of guide holes are evenly connected to the peripheral side of the liquid through hole, a nozzle is arranged inside the guide hole, and a flow rate sensor is arranged inside the nozzle; The peripheral side surface of the drill bit is evenly connected with a plurality of arc-shaped plates for rotation, and a side of the arc-shaped plate close to the drill bit is slidably connected with an electromagnetic plate, the other end of the electromagnetic plate is provided with a corrugated sleeve, the other end of the corrugated sleeve is provided with a magnetic ring, the side wall of the magnetic ring is evenly provided with a plurality of distance sensors, the side wall of the electromagnetic plate and the inside of the corrugated sleeve is provided with an insertion rod, a socket is opened on one side of the guide hole, and the insertion rod is sealingly and slidably connected with the socket.

[0011] When the drill bit reaches different working positions, the different values ​​detected by the distance sensor and the flow rate sensor are used to obtain the corresponding extrusion pressure on the drill bit, and the swing angle of the arc plate is adjusted accordingly to further improve the drilling accuracy and support of the drill bit. At the same time, during the rotation of the drill bit, the inner wall of the well is polished and cleaned with the help of a fixed grinding plate, and the drilling fluid is sprayed along the nozzle and cooperates with the reciprocating flow of the cleaning gas inside the corrugated sleeve to further improve the cleaning effect on the outer surface of the drill bit and the blade.

[0012] Preferably, a mounting head is provided on one side of the drill bit, a fixing thread is provided on the outer surface of the mounting head, a spiral drill is threadedly connected to the outer surface of the fixing thread, a rotary guide system is provided on the outer surface of the spiral drill, a controller is provided inside the rotary guide system, a connecting sleeve is provided on the other side of the spiral drill, and a central through hole is provided inside the spiral drill and the connecting sleeve, and the central through hole is connected to the liquid through hole.

[0013] Preferably, a plurality of threaded holes are evenly arranged on one side of the outer surface of the drill bit, the internal threads of the threaded holes are connected to a fixing screw, the other end of the fixing screw passes through the drill bit and is provided with a fixing rod, the blade wing is a conical structure, a mounting hole is opened on one side of the blade wing, a bearing seat is rotatably connected to the inside of the mounting hole, and the inner wall of the bearing seat is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the fixing rod.

[0014] Preferably, a plurality of crushing heads are evenly provided on the outer surface of the blade, a plurality of grinding balls are evenly provided on the other side of the blade, the nozzle and the blade are staggered, and one end of the guide hole close to the blade is connected to the outside world, the output end of the nozzle is matched with the plurality of crushing heads, and the flow rate sensor is used to detect the flow rate value of the drilling fluid sprayed from the nozzle.

[0015] Preferably, a plurality of hinged rods are evenly arranged on the outer surface of the drill bit, the outer surface of the hinged rods is rotatably connected to the side wall of the arc plate, the outer surface of the arc plate is an arc surface and matches the outer surface of the drill bit, and a fixed grinding plate is provided at one end of the arc plate away from the hinged rods, the outer surface of the fixed grinding plate is a rough surface, and the fixed grinding plate is an arc structure and matches the outer surface of the drill bit.

[0016] Preferably, a clearance groove is provided on one side of the arc plate close to the drill bit, and two groups of sliding grooves are symmetrically provided on both sides of the clearance groove. The two groups of sliding grooves are internally slidably connected with sliding rods, and a connecting plate is provided on the side of the sliding rod away from the arc plate, and the other end of the connecting plate is fixedly connected to the side wall of the electromagnetic plate.

[0017] Preferably, the magnetic properties of the relative end faces of the magnetic ring and the electromagnetic plate are the same, the corrugated sleeve is elastic and a clean gas is provided inside the corrugated sleeve, a connecting spring is provided on one side of the magnetic ring, the other end of the connecting spring is fixedly connected to the side wall of the electromagnetic plate, the connecting spring is located on the outer surface of the insertion rod, and the connecting spring is located inside the corrugated sleeve, and the distance sensor is used to detect the distance value between the magnetic ring and the electromagnetic plate.

[0018] Preferably, one end of the socket close to the arc plate matches the corrugated sleeve, the other end of the insertion rod passes through the socket and is connected to the inner cavity of the guide hole, a plurality of exhaust holes are evenly arranged inside the magnetic ring, the output end on the other side of the exhaust hole passes through the magnetic ring and matches the outside world, the output end of the exhaust hole matches the outer surface of the blade of the drill bit, a filter plate is provided inside the exhaust hole, and a plurality of filter holes are evenly opened inside the filter plate.

[0019] The drilling method of the horizontal well drilling equipment as described above comprises the following steps: S1, the drill bit rotates and drills in the well, the magnetic force of the electromagnetic plate is at an initial value, the drill bit drives multiple arc-shaped plates on the peripheral side to rotate and fit with the inner wall of the well, the distance value detected by the distance sensor reaches the set distance preset value, the drilling fluid in the liquid hole is sprayed out along the nozzle at the end of the guide hole, and the flow rate value detected by the flow rate sensor reaches the set flow rate preset value; S2. When the drill bit tilts from the vertical well to the horizontal well, the arc plate located above is squeezed by the inner wall of the top of the well and swings toward the drill bit end, the distance value detected by the distance sensor above decreases, the flow rate value detected by the flow rate sensor above decreases, the magnetism of the electromagnetic plate below increases and the magnetic repulsion force exerted on the magnetic ring increases, and the multiple arc plates below swing away from the drill bit end and the squeezing force against the inner wall of the bottom of the well increases; S3, when the drill bit rotates and drills in a horizontal well, the arc-shaped plate located below swings toward the drill bit end under the action of the drill bit's own gravity, the distance value detected by the distance sensor below decreases, the flow rate value detected by the flow rate sensor below decreases, the magnetism of the electromagnetic plate below increases and the magnetic repulsion force exerted on the magnetic ring increases, and the multiple arc-shaped plates below swing away from the drill bit end and the squeezing force with the inner wall of the bottom of the well increases; S4. When the flow rate value detected by the flow rate sensor on one side decreases and the distance value detected by the distance sensor remains unchanged, the magnetic force of the multiple electromagnetic plates increases and the magnetic repulsion force exerted on the magnetic ring increases, and the multiple arc plates swing away from the drill bit end and the squeezing force with the inner wall of the well increases.

[0020] The application of the horizontal well drilling equipment as described above in the field of deep oil and gas exploitation.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention sets the drill bit, spiral drilling tools, rotary steering system and connecting casing and other components to cooperate with each other. The horizontal well drilling equipment is simple to operate, safe and stable, and effectively realizes the horizontal well drilling process. The drilling efficiency is high and the drilling effect is good, which meets the drilling needs of different scenarios.

[0022] 2. The present invention arranges the coordination between the arc plate and the drill bit and other components. When the drill bit is tilted and turned, the horizontal well drilling equipment improves the accuracy and efficiency of the drill bit turning by swinging and supporting the multiple arc plates below.

[0023] 3. The present invention sets the electromagnetic plate and the magnetic ring components to cooperate with each other. When the horizontal well drilling equipment is drilling in a horizontal well, the multiple arc plates below provide elastic support to ensure that the drill bit is always at the axial center position of the horizontal well, thereby improving the horizontality of drilling.

[0024] 4. The present invention arranges the blades, crushing head and other components to cooperate with each other. When the horizontal well drilling equipment encounters harder rocks during drilling, multiple arc plates synchronously support and improve the drilling support force of the drill bit, thereby improving the drilling strength.

[0025] 5. The present invention sets a fixed grinding plate and a corrugated sleeve and other components to cooperate with each other. The drill bit in the horizontal well drilling equipment rotates continuously and the arc plate swings, and cooperates with the fixed grinding plate to grind the inner wall of the well, thereby improving the smoothness and cleanliness of the inner wall of the well. At the same time, the clean gas inside the corrugated sleeve circulates back and forth and cooperates with the drilling fluid to ensure the cleaning effect of the drill bit and the outer surface of the blade. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure from another viewing angle of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the internal three-dimensional structure of the drill bit of the present invention from the left side; Figure 4 for Figure 3 The enlarged schematic diagram at A in the middle; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal three-dimensional structure of the drill bit of the present invention when viewed from the front; Figure 6 for Figure 5 The enlarged schematic diagram of point B in the middle; Figure 7 for Figure 5 The enlarged schematic diagram at C in the middle; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the drill bit explosion of the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the arc plate part of the present invention.

[0027] In the figure: 1. drill bit; 2. spiral drilling tool; 3. rotary guide system; 4. connecting sleeve; 5. fixed rod; 6. knife wing; 7. crushing head; 8. bearing seat; 9. grinding ball; 10. fixed screw; 11. mounting head; 12. fixed thread; 13. liquid hole; 14. guide hole; 15. nozzle; 16. flow sensor; 17. hinged rod; 18. arc plate; 19. give way groove; 20. sliding groove; 21. sliding rod; 22. connecting plate; 23. electromagnetic plate; 24. magnetic ring; 25. corrugated sleeve; 26. connecting spring; 27. distance sensor; 28. plug rod; 29. ​​socket; 30. fixed grinding plate; 31. exhaust hole; 32. filter plate; 33. filter hole; 34. mounting hole; 35. threaded hole; 36. middle through hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] like Figure 1-9 As shown, the horizontal well drilling equipment includes a drill bit 1, a mounting head 11 is provided on one side of the drill bit 1, and a fixing thread 12 is provided on the outer surface of the mounting head 11, and a spiral drill tool 2 is threadedly connected to the outer surface of the fixing thread 12. The drill bit 1 is connected to the spiral drill tool 2 by means of the fixing thread 12 on the outer surface of the mounting head 11. At the same time, the spiral drill tool 2 mainly includes a bypass valve assembly, a motor assembly, a universal shaft assembly and a transmission shaft assembly. Therefore, when the bypass valve assembly is opened, the drilling fluid inside the spiral drill tool 2 reaches the motor assembly, and the pressure of the drilling fluid drives the motor assembly to work and drives the universal shaft assembly to rotate. The universal shaft assembly rotates and drives the transmission shaft assembly to rotate. The ear transmission shaft is threadedly connected to the mounting head 11 by the fixing thread 12. Therefore, the rotation of the transmission shaft assembly drives the drill bit 1 to rotate, thereby realizing the drilling process of the drill bit 1 for horizontal drilling.

[0030] A rotary steering system 3 is provided on the outer surface of the spiral drilling tool 2, and a controller is provided inside the rotary steering system 3. The controller electrically controls various electrical components. At the same time, the rotary steering system 3 works and realizes the guidance of the spiral drilling tool 2. The spiral drilling tool 2 drives the drill bit 1 to guide and realizes the drilling control function at different positions. A connecting sleeve 4 is provided on the other side of the spiral drilling tool 2. A middle through hole 36 is provided inside the spiral drilling tool 2 and the connecting sleeve 4. The middle through hole 36 is connected with the liquid through hole 13. The drilling fluid inside the spiral drilling tool 2 enters the liquid through hole 13 along the middle through hole 36 for circulation, thereby realizing the hydraulic driving function of the drilling fluid on the drill bit 1.

[0031] A plurality of blades 6 are evenly arranged on one side of the drill bit 1, and the blades 6 rotate to drill the well. A liquid through hole 13 is opened inside the drill bit 1, and a plurality of guide holes 14 are evenly connected to the peripheral side of the liquid through hole 13. A nozzle 15 is arranged inside the guide hole 14, and the drilling fluid inside the liquid through hole 13 is discharged along the plurality of guide holes 14, and the drilling fluid inside the guide hole 14 is sprayed out along the nozzle 15, so as to perform hydraulic cleaning on the blades 6 while drilling inside the well, so as to avoid excessive rock impurities and the like from hindering the drilling of the blades 6 during the drilling process, and in actual use, a reflux hole is still opened on the outer side of the connecting sleeve 4 located at the middle through hole 36, and a liquid inlet hole is opened on the peripheral side of the reflux hole, and the drilling fluid is sprayed out along the nozzle 15, carrying the impurities in the well and the like back to the inside of the reflux hole along the liquid inlet hole, and finally back to the ground along the connecting sleeve 4, so as to realize the recovery process of rock impurities during the drilling process of the drill bit 1.

[0032] At the same time, the drilling fluid sprayed from the nozzle 15 can also clean the outer surface of the blade 6 to prevent rock impurities from adhering to the outer surface of the blade 6 and reducing the drilling efficiency. A flow rate sensor 16 is provided inside the nozzle 15. The flow rate sensor 16 is used to detect the flow rate value of the drilling fluid sprayed from the nozzle 15. When the front side of the drill bit 1 is blocked by harder rocks, the drilling fluid sprayed from the nozzle 15 at the corresponding position is blocked, and the flow rate value detected by the flow rate sensor 16 is correspondingly reduced.

[0033] A plurality of threaded holes 35 are evenly arranged on one side of the outer surface of the drill bit 1, and a fixing screw 10 is connected to the inner thread of the threaded hole 35, and the fixing screw 10 is threadedly installed and fixed inside the threaded hole 35. The other end of the fixing screw 10 passes through the drill bit 1 and is provided with a fixing rod 5, and the position of the fixing rod 5 is fixed, and the fixing rod 5 plays a fixed supporting role. A plurality of fixing rods 5 are evenly distributed on one side of the drill bit 1, and the blade wing 6 is a conical structure, and the conical structure can further improve the rotation performance of the blade wing 6 under the action of hydraulic pressure. A mounting hole 34 is opened on one side of the blade wing 6, and a bearing seat 8 is rotatably connected to the inner part of the mounting hole 34, and the bearing The inner wall of the seat 8 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the fixing rod 5, and the bearing seat 8 inside the mounting hole 34 is fixed to the outer surface of the fixing rod 5. The installation function of the bearing seat 8 ensures the rotation of the blade wing 6 on one side of the drill bit 1, thereby improving the drilling efficiency of the blade wing 6 for drilling. A plurality of crushing heads 7 are evenly arranged on the outer surface of the blade wing 6, and a plurality of grinding balls 9 are evenly arranged on the other side of the blade wing 6. When the blade wing 6 rotates, the plurality of crushing heads 7 are synchronously driven to rotate. The crushing heads 7 collide with the rocks inside the drilling well and realize the drilling function, and the grinding balls 9 play a counterweight grinding function for the blade wing 6, thereby ensuring the safety and stability of the blade wing 6.

[0034] The nozzles 15 and the blades 6 are staggered, and one end of the guide hole 14 close to the blade wing 6 is connected to the outside. The output end of the nozzle 15 matches the multiple crushing heads 7, so the drilling fluid sprayed by the nozzle 15 directly acts on the outer surfaces of the multiple crushing heads 7. When the blade wing 6 rotates with the crushing head 7, the corresponding nozzle 15 changes the spray cleaning position of the crushing head 7, further improving the cleaning effect of the crushing head 7.

[0035] The peripheral side of the drill bit 1 is evenly connected with a plurality of arc plates 18, and the arc plates 18 can be hinged and swung on the peripheral side of the drill bit 1. The outer surface of the drill bit 1 is evenly provided with a plurality of hinge rods 17, and the outer surface of the hinge rod 17 is rotatably connected with the side wall of the arc plate 18. The swing of the arc plate 18 is realized by the hinge action of the hinge rod 17. The outer surface of the arc plate 18 is an arc surface and matches the outer surface of the drill bit 1. Therefore, the arc plate 18 is an arc structure, and the end of the arc plate 18 away from the hinge rod 17 is provided with The fixed grinding plate 30 swings synchronously with the swing of the arc plate 18. The outer surface of the fixed grinding plate 30 is a rough surface, so the fixed grinding plate 30 has a grinding function. The fixed grinding plate 30 is an arc-shaped structure and matches the outer surface of the drill bit 1, and the fixed grinding plate 30 fits the inner wall of the well. When the drill bit 1 rotates, it synchronously drives multiple arc plates 18 to rotate. When the arc plate 18 rotates, it drives the fixed grinding plate 30 to rotate, thereby realizing the grinding function of the inner wall of the well, ensuring the cleanliness and smoothness of the inner wall of the drilling tool.

[0036] A clearance groove 19 is provided on the side of the arc plate 18 close to the drill bit 1, and two groups of sliding grooves 20 are symmetrically provided on both sides of the clearance groove 19. The two groups of sliding grooves 20 are internally slidably connected with sliding rods 21. The sliding rod 21 has an arc-shaped round rod structure, so the sliding rod 21 can slide inside the sliding groove 20. A connecting plate 22 is provided on the side of the sliding rod 21 away from the arc plate 18. When the arc plate 18 swings toward the end close to the drill bit 1, the arc plate 18 drives the sliding rod 21 to move synchronously toward the end close to the drill bit 1 through the limiting sliding action of the clearance groove 19 and the sliding groove 20 on the sliding rod 21, and the sliding rod 21 drives the connecting plate 22 to move toward the end close to the drill bit 1. An electromagnetic plate 23 is slidably connected to the side of the arc plate 18 close to the drill bit 1, and one end of the connecting plate 22 away from the arc plate 18 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the electromagnetic plate 23, and when the connecting plate 22 moves, it drives the electromagnetic plate 23 to move synchronously.

[0037] A corrugated sleeve 25 is provided at the other end of the electromagnetic plate 23, and a magnetic ring 24 is provided at the other end of the corrugated sleeve 25. The magnetic properties of the magnetic ring 24 and the opposite end surface of the electromagnetic plate 23 are the same. When the current of the electromagnetic plate 23 increases, the magnetic repulsion force exerted by the electromagnetic plate 23 on the magnetic ring 24 increases, and the electromagnetic plate 23 stretches the corrugated sleeve 25 to move away from the drill bit 1 end. A connecting spring 26 is provided on one side of the magnetic ring 24, and the other end of the connecting spring 26 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the electromagnetic plate 23. The connecting spring 26 is located on the outer surface of the insertion rod 28, and the connecting spring 26 is located inside the corrugated sleeve 25. The connecting spring 26 realizes the elastic connection effect of the electromagnetic plate 23. A plurality of distance sensors 27 are evenly provided on the side wall of the magnetic ring 24. The distance sensor 27 is used to detect the distance value between the magnetic ring 24 and the electromagnetic plate 23. Therefore, when the electromagnetic plate 23 moves away from the drill bit 1 end, the distance value detected by the distance sensor 27 increases.

[0038] A plug rod 28 is provided on the side wall of the electromagnetic plate 23 and inside the corrugated sleeve 25. A plug hole 29 is opened on one side of the guide hole 14. The plug hole 29 is matched with the corrugated sleeve 25 at one end close to the arc plate 18. The plug rod 28 is sealed and slidably connected with the plug hole 29. The other end of the plug rod 28 passes through the plug hole 29 and matches with the inner cavity of the guide hole 14. When the electromagnetic plate 23 moves toward the end close to the drill bit 1, the electromagnetic plate 23 drives the plug rod 28 to move along the plug hole 29 toward the end close to the guide hole 14. The blocking area of ​​the guide hole 14 by the plug rod 28 increases, and the flow rate of the drilling fluid flowing inside the guide hole 14 decreases.

[0039] The bellows 25 is elastic and a clean gas is arranged inside the bellows 25. The clean gas inside the bellows 25 can circulate inside. A plurality of exhaust holes 31 are evenly arranged inside the magnetic ring 24. The output end of the exhaust hole 31 on the other side passes through the magnetic ring 24 and is connected to the outside. The output end of the exhaust hole 31 matches the outer surface of the drill bit 1 and the blade wing 6. When the electromagnetic plate 23 moves toward the end close to the drill bit 1, the electromagnetic plate 23 squeezes the bellows 25, and the clean gas inside the bellows 25 is discharged along the exhaust hole 31. Then, the clean gas is used to clean the outer surface of the drill bit 1 and the blade wing 6 by wind. In combination with the drilling fluid sprayed along the nozzle 15, the cleaning effect is further improved to prevent rock impurities from adhering to the outer surface of the drill bit 1 and the blade wing 6 and reducing the drilling effect. A filter plate 32 is arranged inside the exhaust hole 31. A plurality of filter holes 33 are evenly opened inside the filter plate 32. The filter hole 33 inside the filter plate 32 is used to filter and remove impurities from the clean gas circulating inside the exhaust hole 31, thereby improving the cleaning quality of the clean gas.

[0040] When drilling a horizontal well, the drill bit 1 needs to drill vertically downward for a distance first, and then the drill bit 1 tilts and drills and finally reaches the horizontal direction. During the tilting drilling process of the drill bit 1, different positions of the drill bit 1 are subjected to different extrusion forces. Therefore, when the drill bit 1 works for a long time, it is not only easy to reduce the drilling accuracy, but also easy to be damaged, and finally the life of the drill bit 1 is affected. When the drill bit 1 drills in the horizontal direction, the drill bit 1 will be located at the bottom in the drilling due to its own gravity, which reduces the drilling accuracy and affects the normal flow of the drilling fluid. When the drill bit 1 is continuously drilling, the rock hardness at some positions is too large and collides with the rotation of the drill bit 1, which easily causes damage to the drill bit 1, reduces the drilling fluid rate sprayed from the nozzle 15, and thus reduces the flushing and cleaning effect of rock impurities in the drilling. When the drill bit 1 works for a long time, rock impurities are easily attached to the outer surface, and the drilling fluid sprayed from the nozzle 15 alone cannot ensure the cleaning effect of the outer surface of the drill bit 1, thereby reducing the drilling efficiency and drilling effect of the drill bit 1.

[0041] In order to solve the above problems, when the horizontal well drilling equipment is actually used, the drill bit 1, the spiral drilling tool 2, the rotary guide system 3 and the connecting sleeve 4 are first connected, and the drilling fluid is introduced into the connecting sleeve 4 and the middle through hole 36 inside the spiral drilling tool 2. When the drilling fluid flows inside the spiral drilling tool 2, it passes through the bypass valve assembly and reaches the motor assembly. With the help of the pressure of the drilling fluid, the motor assembly is driven to work and drive the universal shaft assembly to rotate. The universal shaft assembly rotates and drives the transmission shaft assembly to rotate. The rotation of the transmission shaft assembly drives the drill bit 1 to rotate, thereby improving the drilling efficiency of the drill bit 1 on the inner wall of the well.

[0042] After that, the drilling fluid finally enters the liquid through hole 13, and part of the drilling fluid in the liquid through hole 13 enters the nozzle 15 along multiple guide holes 14, and is finally ejected along the nozzle 15, thereby flushing and cleaning the rotating position of the drill bit 1, and the flow rate value detected by the flow rate sensor 16 reaches the set flow rate preset value, and the other part of the drilling fluid applies liquid pressure to the inner wall of the liquid through hole 13, so that the drill bit 1 continues to move forward under the action of the liquid pressure, and the drill bit 1 drives multiple blades 6 at the other end to move synchronously, and the blade wings 6 drive the crushing head 7 to revolve. When the crushing head 7 is squeezed and contacted with the rock on the inner wall of the borehole, the blade wings 6 are driven to rotate around the fixed rod 5 with the help of their own conical structure, and cooperate with the continuous revolution of the drill bit 1 to further realize the drilling process of the rock on the inner wall of the borehole.

[0043] When the drill bit 1 drills vertically downward for a certain distance and needs to be continuously tilted and turned and drill in the horizontal direction, the controller controls the rotary steering system 3 to start and drive the spiral drill 2 to tilt upward in a certain direction, and the spiral drill 2 drives the drill bit 1 to tilt and turn, so that the drill bit 1 changes the drilling direction and changes from the vertical direction to the horizontal direction, further realizing the drilling function of the horizontal well, and in the initial case, the electromagnetic plate 23 is in the initial size, and the electromagnetic plate 23 drives the electromagnetic plate 23 to the initial position under the magnetic force of the electromagnetic plate 23 on the magnetic ring 24, and the electromagnetic plate 23 drives the arc plate 18 to the initial position through the connecting plate 22 and the sliding rod 21 on the other side, and the angle between the arc plate 18 and the drill bit 1 is in the initial position, and at the same time, when the drill bit 1 rotates, the multiple arc plates 18 on the surrounding side drive the fixed grinding plate 30 to rotate, and the fixed grinding plate 30 rotates and fits and grinds the inner wall of the well, further improving the smoothness and stability of the inner wall of the well, and ensuring the safety of subsequent oil and gas extraction inside the well.

[0044] At the same time, when the drill bit 1 needs to be turned, since the drill bit 1 is continuously rotating and drilling and the well is a circular structure, the outer surface of the drill bit 1 rotates to the upper arc plate 18, and the contact force with the inner wall of the well increases. The arc plate 18 is squeezed by the inner wall of the well and swings toward the end close to the drill bit 1. The angle between the arc plate 18 and the drill bit 1 decreases. The arc plate 18 drives the slide bar 21 to swing toward the end close to the drill bit 1 through the limiting effect of the yield groove 19 and the sliding groove 20 on the slide bar 21. The slide bar 21 is connected to the connecting plate 22. The electromagnetic plate 23 is driven to squeeze the connecting spring 26 to swing toward the end close to the drill bit 1, and the electromagnetic plate 23 drives the insertion rod 28 to move along the insertion hole 29 toward the inside of the guide hole 14. The guide hole 14 is blocked and the internal drilling fluid flow rate is reduced. The flow rate value detected by the flow rate sensor 16 is reduced. At the same time, when the corrugated sleeve 25 is squeezed, the clean gas inside is discharged along the exhaust hole 31. The clean gas faces the outer surface of the drill bit 1 and the blade 6, and cooperates with the flushing effect of the drilling fluid sprayed out from the nozzle 15 to further improve the cleaning effect on its outer surface.

[0045] At this time, in order to improve the stability of the drill bit 1 when turning, the controller controls the current of the other two electromagnetic plates 23 to increase, the magnetic repulsion force exerted by the electromagnetic plate 23 on the magnetic ring 24 increases, the electromagnetic plate 23 stretches the connecting spring 26 and moves away from the drill bit 1 end, and the electromagnetic plate 23 drives the arc plate 18 to swing away from the drill bit 1 end through the connecting plate 22 and the slide rod 21. The supporting force of the arc plate 18 located below and the bottom of the well increases, and the oblique upward swinging force of the drill bit 1 increases. At the same time, as the drill bit 1 continues to rotate, the positions of multiple arc plates 18 continue to change, and then cooperate with the rotary guide system 3 to achieve the steering effect of the drill bit 1, improve the stability and safety of the steering, and ensure the steering accuracy.

[0046] When the drill bit 1 completes the steering and performs horizontal drilling, due to the gravity of the drill bit 1 itself, the drill bit 1 will be located below the inside of the well during the rotation process, which will continuously cause the drilling direction to deviate. The arc plate 18 located below will swing toward the end close to the drill bit 1 when squeezed by the inner wall of the well. The arc plate 18 drives the electromagnetic plate 23 to swing toward the end close to the drill bit 1 through the slide bar 21 and the connecting plate 22. The electromagnetic plate 23 squeezes the connecting spring 26 to swing toward the end close to the drill bit 1. The distance value detected by the distance sensor 27 At the same time, since the electromagnetic plate 23 drives the plug rod 28 to move along the plug hole 29 when it moves, the blocking area of ​​the guide hole 14 by the plug rod 28 increases, the drilling fluid flow rate inside the guide hole 14 decreases, and the flow rate value detected by the flow rate sensor 16 inside the lower nozzle 15 decreases. When the electromagnetic plate 23 moves, the corrugated sleeve 25 is squeezed, and the clean gas inside the corrugated sleeve 25 is discharged along the multiple exhaust holes 31, and then cooperates with the drilling fluid to achieve the flushing and cleaning effect on the outer surface of the drill bit 1 and the blade 6, thereby ensuring the drilling cleanliness and stability of the drill bit 1 and the blade 6.

[0047] In order to ensure the accuracy of drilling of the drill bit 1, the controller controls the electromagnetic plate 23 located at the bottom and the distance value detected by the distance sensor 27 to decrease, and the current of the electromagnetic plate 23 at the position where the flow rate value detected by the flow rate sensor 16 decreases increases, the magnetic force of the electromagnetic plate 23 increases, and the magnetic repulsion force exerted by the electromagnetic plate 23 on the magnetic ring 24 increases, the electromagnetic plate 23 stretches the connecting spring 26 and moves away from the drill bit 1 end, and the electromagnetic plate 23 drives the arc plate 18 to swing away from the drill bit 1 end through the connecting plate 22 and the sliding rod 21, and the arc plate 18 swings to the bottom of the horizontal well. As the supporting force increases, the drill bit 1 is driven to move upward under the action of the reaction force, thereby ensuring that the drill bit 1 is located at the axial position of the horizontal well, effectively improving the drilling accuracy and stability of the drill bit 1. At the same time, the electromagnetic plate 23 stretches the corrugated sleeve 25, the internal volume of the corrugated sleeve 25 increases and the pressure decreases. Under the action of the negative pressure inside the corrugated sleeve 25, the external gas is drawn into the interior of the corrugated sleeve 25 along the exhaust hole 31. At this time, the external gas is filtered by the filter hole 33 inside the filter plate 32, thereby forming clean gas and recovering it for subsequent use.

[0048] As the drill bit 1 rotates continuously, the position of the arc plate 18 changes continuously. Then, according to the above process, the drill bit 1 is always located at the center of the well with the help of the squeezing and pushing between the arc plate 18 and the inner wall of the well, thereby improving the accuracy of drilling. In addition, during the rotation of the drill bit 1, the fixed grinding plate 30 is driven to rotate by the arc plate 18, and the fixed grinding plate 30 scrapes and cleans the inner wall of the well, further improving the safety and stability of drilling. At the same time, as the arc plate 18 swings continuously on the outer surface of the drill bit 1, the corrugated sleeve 25 is continuously squeezed and expanded, and the clean gas inside the corrugated sleeve 25 continuously flows back and forth along the exhaust hole 31, thereby cooperating with the drilling fluid sprayed from the nozzle 15 to improve the flushing and cleaning effect on the outer surface of the drill bit 1 and the blade 6, with stronger adaptability and higher cleanliness.

[0049] And when the drill bit 1 is continuously rotating and drilling in the horizontal well, if the rock at a certain position is too hard, the drill bit 1 cannot rotate to break the rock, and the rock will block the drilling fluid sprayed from the nozzle 15, and the flow rate value detected by the flow rate sensor 16 decreases. At this time, since the position of the drill bit 1 has not changed, the distance values ​​detected by the distance sensor 27 are all equal and equal to the set distance preset value, the controller controls the current of the multiple electromagnetic plates 23 to increase, and the multiple electromagnetic plates 23 apply magnetic repulsion to the magnetic ring 24 and drive the electromagnetic plate 23 to stretch the connecting spring 26 to emit away from the end of the drill bit 1. The electromagnetic plate 23 drives the connecting plate 22 and the sliding rod 21 to drive the arc plate 18 to swing away from the drill bit 1 end, and the supporting force between the arc plate 18 and the inner wall of the well increases. The arc plate 18 drives the drill bit 1 to increase its crushing force on the harder rock, further ensuring that the multiple blades 6 and the crushing head 7 at the end of the drill bit 1 drill and crush the harder rock, thereby improving the drilling efficiency and drilling stability. After the harder rock is crushed, the flow rate of the drilling fluid sprayed from the nozzle 15 increases to the initial value, and the controller controls the electromagnetic plate 23 to return to the initial value, and the above process is continued to drill the subsequent horizontal wells.

[0050] After the drilling of the horizontal well is completed, the controller controls the horizontal well drilling equipment to stop working and reversely recovers the connecting casing 4. The connecting casing 4 drives the drill bit 1 to move in the reverse direction through the spiral drilling tool 2 and detach from the horizontal well and the vertical well, so as to carry out the subsequent oil and gas production process.

[0051] The horizontal well drilling equipment is simple to operate, safe and stable, and can effectively realize the horizontal well drilling process, with high drilling efficiency and good drilling effect, meeting the drilling needs of different scenarios; at the same time, when the drill bit 1 is turned, the swing support of the multiple arc plates 18 below is used to improve the accuracy and efficiency of the steering of the drill bit 1; and when drilling in a horizontal well, the multiple arc plates 18 below are elastically supported to ensure that the drill bit 1 is always at the axial position of the horizontal well, thereby improving the horizontality of drilling; and when encountering harder rocks during the drilling process, the multiple arc plates 18 synchronously support and improve the drilling support force of the drill bit 1, thereby improving the drilling strength; and when the drill bit 1 is continuously rotating and the arc plate 18 is swinging, the fixed grinding plate 30 is used to grind the inner wall of the well to improve the smoothness and cleanliness of the inner wall of the well, and at the same time, the clean gas inside the corrugated sleeve 25 circulates back and forth and cooperates with the drilling fluid to ensure the cleaning effect of the outer surface of the drill bit 1 and the blade 6.

[0052] The drilling method of the horizontal well drilling equipment as described above comprises the following steps: S1. The drill bit 1 rotates and drills in the well, the magnetic force of the electromagnetic plate 23 is at the initial value, the drill bit 1 drives the multiple arc plates 18 on the surrounding side to rotate and fit with the inner wall of the well, the distance value detected by the distance sensor 27 reaches the set distance preset value, the drilling fluid inside the liquid hole 13 is sprayed out along the nozzle 15 at the end of the guide hole 14, and the flow rate value detected by the flow rate sensor 16 reaches the set flow rate preset value.

[0053] S2. When the drill bit 1 tilts and turns from the vertical well to the horizontal well, the arc plate 18 located above is squeezed by the top inner wall of the well and swings toward the end close to the drill bit 1. The distance value detected by the upper distance sensor 27 decreases, the flow rate value detected by the upper flow rate sensor 16 decreases, the magnetism of the lower electromagnetic plate 23 increases and the magnetic repulsion force exerted on the magnetic ring 24 increases, and the multiple arc plates 18 below swing away from the drill bit 1 end and the squeezing force with the bottom inner wall of the well increases.

[0054] S3. When the drill bit 1 rotates to drill in a horizontal well, the arc plate 18 located below swings toward the end of the drill bit 1 under the action of the drill bit 1's own gravity, the distance value detected by the distance sensor 27 below decreases, the flow rate value detected by the flow rate sensor 16 below decreases, the magnetism of the electromagnetic plate 23 below increases and the magnetic repulsion force exerted on the magnetic ring 24 increases, and the multiple arc plates 18 below swing away from the end of the drill bit 1 and the squeezing force with the inner wall of the bottom of the well increases.

[0055] S4. When the flow rate value detected by the flow rate sensor 16 on a certain side decreases and the distance value detected by the distance sensor 27 remains unchanged, the magnetic force of the multiple electromagnetic plates 23 increases and the magnetic repulsion force exerted on the magnetic ring 24 increases, and the multiple arc plates 18 swing away from the drill bit 1 end and the squeezing force with the inner wall of the well increases.

[0056] By further defining the drilling method, the drilling quality can be improved and the drilling efficiency can be ensured.

[0057] Such as the application of horizontal well drilling equipment in the field of deep oil and gas extraction.

[0058] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0059] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A horizontal well drilling device, comprising a drill bit (1), characterized in that: A plurality of blades (6) are evenly arranged on one side of the drill bit (1), a liquid through hole (13) is opened inside the drill bit (1), a plurality of guide holes (14) are evenly connected to the peripheral side surface of the liquid through hole (13), a nozzle (15) is arranged inside the guide hole (14), and a flow rate sensor (16) is arranged inside the nozzle (15); The peripheral side surface of the drill bit (1) is evenly connected to a plurality of arc-shaped plates (18) for rotation, and a side of the arc-shaped plate (18) close to the drill bit (1) is slidably connected to an electromagnetic plate (23), the other end of the electromagnetic plate (23) is provided with a corrugated sleeve (25), the other end of the corrugated sleeve (25) is provided with a magnetic ring (24), the side wall of the magnetic ring (24) is evenly provided with a plurality of distance sensors (27), the side wall of the electromagnetic plate (23) and located inside the corrugated sleeve (25) is provided with an insertion rod (28), one side of the guide hole (14) is opened with an insertion hole (29), and the insertion rod (28) is sealingly and slidably connected to the insertion hole (29).

2. The horizontal well drilling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A mounting head (11) is provided on one side of the drill bit (1), a fixing thread (12) is provided on the outer surface of the mounting head (11), a spiral drill (2) is threadedly connected to the outer surface of the fixing thread (12), a rotary guide system (3) is provided on the outer surface of the spiral drill (2), a controller is provided inside the rotary guide system (3), a connecting sleeve (4) is provided on the other side of the spiral drill (2), and a central through hole (36) is provided inside the spiral drill (2) and the connecting sleeve (4), and the central through hole (36) is connected to the liquid through hole (13).

3. The horizontal well drilling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of threaded holes (35) are evenly arranged on one side of the outer surface of the drill bit (1); a fixing screw (10) is threadedly connected to the inner side of the threaded hole (35); the other end of the fixing screw (10) passes through the drill bit (1) and is provided with a fixing rod (5); the blade (6) is a conical structure; a mounting hole (34) is provided on one side of the blade (6); a bearing seat (8) is rotatably connected to the inner side of the mounting hole (34); and the inner wall of the bearing seat (8) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the fixing rod (5).

4. The horizontal well drilling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer surface of the blade (6) is evenly provided with a plurality of crushing heads (7), the other side of the blade (6) is evenly provided with a plurality of grinding balls (9), the nozzle (15) and the blade (6) are staggeredly distributed, and the end of the guide hole (14) close to the blade (6) is connected to the outside, the output end of the nozzle (15) matches the plurality of crushing heads (7), and the flow rate sensor (16) is used to detect the flow rate value of the drilling fluid sprayed from the nozzle (15).

5. The horizontal well drilling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer surface of the drill bit (1) is evenly provided with a plurality of hinged rods (17), the outer surface of the hinged rod (17) is rotatably connected to the side wall of the arc plate (18), the outer surface of the arc plate (18) is an arc surface and matches the outer surface of the drill bit (1), and a fixed grinding plate (30) is provided at one end of the arc plate (18) away from the hinged rod (17), the outer surface of the fixed grinding plate (30) is a rough surface, and the fixed grinding plate (30) is an arc structure and matches the outer surface of the drill bit (1).

6. The horizontal well drilling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A clearance groove (19) is provided on one side of the arc-shaped plate (18) close to the drill bit (1), and two groups of sliding grooves (20) are symmetrically provided on both sides of the clearance groove (19). Sliding rods (21) are slidably connected inside the two groups of sliding grooves (20), and a connecting plate (22) is provided on the side of the sliding rod (21) away from the arc-shaped plate (18), and the other end of the connecting plate (22) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the electromagnetic plate (23).

7. The horizontal well drilling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end surfaces of the magnetic ring (24) and the electromagnetic plate (23) facing each other have the same magnetic properties, the corrugated sleeve (25) is elastic and a clean gas is provided inside the corrugated sleeve (25), a connecting spring (26) is provided on one side of the magnetic ring (24), the other end of the connecting spring (26) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the electromagnetic plate (23), the connecting spring (26) is located on the outer surface of the insertion rod (28), and the connecting spring (26) is located inside the corrugated sleeve (25), and the distance sensor (27) is used to detect the distance value between the magnetic ring (24) and the electromagnetic plate (23).

8. The horizontal well drilling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the insertion hole (29) close to the arc plate (18) matches the corrugated sleeve (25), the other end of the insertion rod (28) passes through the insertion hole (29) and matches the inner cavity of the guide hole (14), a plurality of exhaust holes (31) are evenly arranged inside the magnetic ring (24), the output end of the exhaust hole (31) on the other side passes through the magnetic ring (24) and is connected to the outside, the output end of the exhaust hole (31) matches the outer surface of the blade (6) of the drill bit (1), a filter plate (32) is arranged inside the exhaust hole (31), and a plurality of filter holes (33) are evenly arranged inside the filter plate (32).

9. The drilling method of the horizontal well drilling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, the drill bit (1) rotates and drills in the well, the magnetic force of the electromagnetic plate (23) is at an initial value, the drill bit (1) drives the plurality of arc-shaped plates (18) on the peripheral side to rotate and fit with the inner wall of the well, the distance value detected by the distance sensor (27) reaches a preset distance value, the drilling fluid in the fluid passage hole (13) is ejected along the nozzle (15) at the end of the guide hole (14), and the flow rate value detected by the flow rate sensor (16) reaches a preset flow rate value; S2. When the drill bit (1) is tilted and turned from the vertical well to the horizontal well, the arc plate (18) located at the top is squeezed by the inner wall of the top of the well and swings towards the end close to the drill bit (1), the distance value detected by the distance sensor (27) at the top decreases, the flow rate value detected by the flow rate sensor (16) at the top decreases, the magnetism of the electromagnetic plate (23) at the bottom increases and the magnetic repulsion force exerted on the magnetic ring (24) increases, and the multiple arc plates (18) at the bottom swing away from the drill bit (1) and the squeezing force against the inner wall of the bottom of the well increases; S3. When the drill bit (1) rotates and drills in a horizontal well, the arc-shaped plate (18) located below swings toward the end of the drill bit (1) under the action of the weight of the drill bit (1), the distance value detected by the distance sensor (27) below decreases, the flow rate value detected by the flow rate sensor (16) below decreases, the magnetism of the electromagnetic plate (23) below increases and the magnetic repulsion force exerted on the magnetic ring (24) increases, and the multiple arc-shaped plates (18) below swing away from the end of the drill bit (1) and the squeezing force with the inner wall of the bottom of the well increases; S4. When the flow rate value detected by the flow rate sensor (16) on one side decreases and the distance value detected by the distance sensor (27) remains unchanged, the magnetic force of the plurality of electromagnetic plates (23) increases and the magnetic repulsion force exerted on the magnetic ring (24) increases, and the plurality of arc-shaped plates (18) swing away from the end of the drill bit (1) and the squeezing force with the inner wall of the well increases.

10. Application of the horizontal well drilling equipment as claimed in claim 1 in the field of deep oil and gas exploitation.

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