Electricity-heat-carbon multi-energy complementary distributed low-carbon energy supply system

Abstract

The invention discloses an electricity-heat-carbon multi-energy complementary distributed low-carbon energy supply system which comprises an internal combustion engine, a heat exchange mechanism, phase change heat storage equipment and a carbon dioxide treatment mechanism, cylinder sleeve water in the internal combustion engine is connected to the heat exchange mechanism through a first heat exchange pipeline, and exhaust smoke of the internal combustion engine is connected to the heat exchange mechanism through a second heat exchange pipeline. The first heat exchange pipeline and the second heat exchange pipeline are both driven by an absorption heat pump, the first heat exchanger is provided with an exhaust port for discharging fuel gas, the exhaust port is communicated with the carbon dioxide treatment mechanism through a flue gas injection pipeline, and the second heat exchange pipeline is provided with the first heat exchanger used for supplying heat to the carbon dioxide treatment mechanism. Heat energy exchanged in the heat exchange mechanism is stored through the phase change heat storage device. According to the energy utilization principle of'temperature alignment and gradient utilization ', associated gas energy is used for high-temperature power generation, medium-temperature decarburization and low-temperature heat supply, and the near-zero-carbon energy system is a multi-energy complementary and gradient utilization near-zero-carbon energy system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of energy supply, and in particular to an electric-heat-carbon multi-energy complementary distributed low-carbon energy supply system. Background Art

[0002] As an advanced energy-saving and emission-reduction technology, the distributed energy system is deployed near the demand side and directly faces users. It converts and consumes cold, heat and electricity on site, and has great potential to complement renewable energy and achieve efficient cascade utilization of energy. As a new type of terminal energy supply system, the distributed energy supply system is a powerful supplement to centralized energy supply; the organic combination of the two is the development direction of the future energy system. At present, the distributed energy supply system has been widely developed in various forms such as power generation and combined heat and power.

[0003] my country's "14th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development and Outline of Long-Term Goals for 2035" points out that "we should accelerate the development of non-fossil energy, adhere to both centralized and distributed energy", "accelerate the development of distributed energy in the east and central regions", and "build a number of clean energy bases with multi-energy complementarity". With the gradual reduction of coal, the proportion of renewable energy and clean fuels in the energy structure will increase rapidly. Distributed energy systems with multi-energy complementarity and combined heat and cold as the main forms will play an increasingly important role in the national energy system, which has important practical significance and far-reaching strategic significance for the construction of a clean, low-carbon, safe and efficient modern energy system. Therefore, the industrial development of distributed energy has a broad market.

[0004] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides an electric-heat-carbon multi-energy complementary distributed low-carbon energy supply system for realizing high-temperature power generation. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides an electric-heat-carbon multi-energy complementary distributed low-carbon energy supply system for realizing high-temperature power generation.

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide an electric-heat-carbon multi-energy complementary distributed low-carbon energy supply system, comprising an internal combustion engine, a heat exchange mechanism, a phase change heat storage device and a carbon dioxide treatment mechanism, the cylinder jacket water in the internal combustion engine is connected to the heat exchange mechanism through a first heat exchange pipeline, the exhaust flue gas of the internal combustion engine is connected to the heat exchange mechanism through a second heat exchange pipeline, and the first heat exchange pipeline and the second heat exchange pipeline are both driven by an absorption heat pump, the first heat exchanger has an exhaust port for exhausting fuel gas, and the exhaust port is connected to the carbon dioxide treatment mechanism through a flue gas injection pipeline, and a first heat exchanger for supplying heat to the carbon dioxide treatment mechanism is provided on the second heat exchange pipeline, and the heat energy exchanged in the heat exchange mechanism is stored through a phase change heat storage device, and one of the heat transfer pipelines of the phase change heat storage device is connected to the cylinder jacket water in the internal combustion engine.

[0007] Furthermore, it also includes an oil-water heat exchanger pipeline, the heat injection end of the oil-water heat exchange pipeline is connected to the heat exchange mechanism, and the exhaust end is connected to the heat exchange mechanism through a low-temperature water source heat pump to form a crude oil heating circuit. The oil-water heat exchange pipeline is provided with an oil-water heat exchanger, and the heat exchange structure includes a high-temperature water source heat pump and a second heat exchanger, and the output end of the second heat exchanger is connected to the high-temperature water source heat pump.

[0008] Furthermore, it also includes connecting the oil-water heat exchange pipeline between the heat exchange mechanism and the oil-water heat exchanger to the absorption heat pump according to the flow direction of the heat exchange medium in the oil-water heat exchange pipeline.

[0009] Furthermore, the carbon dioxide capture mechanism includes an absorption tower and a desorption tower. The absorption tower is connected to the absorption heat pump through a cooling pipeline. The cooling pipeline includes a third heat exchanger and a booster fan. The carbon dioxide in the absorption tower is injected into the desorption tower through a delivery pipeline for treatment and then discharged. The delivery pipeline includes a fourth heat exchanger, a first solution pump, a fifth heat exchanger and a second solution pump. The fourth heat exchanger is connected to the first solution pump, the first solution pump is connected to the fifth heat exchanger, and the output of the second solution pump is connected to the fourth heat exchanger.

[0010] The present invention has the following advantages: According to the energy utilization principle of "temperature matching and cascade utilization", the present invention uses the associated gas energy for high-temperature power generation, medium-temperature decarbonization and low-temperature heating. It is a near-zero-carbon energy system with multi-energy complementarity and cascade utilization.

[0011] The absorption heat pump, low-temperature water source heat pump and high-temperature water source heat pump in the present invention constitute a functional composite heat pump with a heat source temperature step-by-step increase, and the low-temperature heat source can achieve a large temperature difference temperature step-by-step increase.

[0012] The exhaust gas of the gas internal combustion engine in the present invention is subjected to the absorption-analysis process of the CO2 capture unit, thereby achieving CO2 removal; at the same time, the analysis energy consumption required for CO2 capture comes from the flue gas itself, thereby achieving "self-sufficiency" in flue gas CO2 capture. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the system structure of the present invention.

[0014] In the figure: 1. Internal combustion engine; 2. Phase change heat storage device; 3. High-temperature water source heat pump; 4. Second heat exchanger; 5. Low-temperature water source heat pump; 6. Oil-water heat exchanger; 7. Absorption heat pump; 8. Third heat exchanger; 9. Booster fan; 10. Second solution pump; 11. First heat exchanger; 12. Analysis tower; 13. Fourth heat exchanger; 14. First solution pump; 15. Fifth heat exchanger; 16. Absorption tower. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The present invention provides an electric-heat-carbon multi-energy complementary distributed low-carbon energy supply system, comprising an internal combustion engine 1, a heat exchange mechanism, a phase change heat storage device 2 and a carbon dioxide treatment mechanism, the cylinder jacket water in the internal combustion engine 1 is connected to the heat exchange mechanism through a first heat exchange pipeline, the exhaust flue gas of the internal combustion engine 1 is connected to the heat exchange mechanism through a second heat exchange pipeline, and the first heat exchange pipeline and the second heat exchange pipeline are both driven by an absorption heat pump 7, the first heat exchanger 11 has an exhaust port for exhausting fuel gas, and the exhaust port is connected to the carbon dioxide treatment mechanism through a flue gas injection pipeline, and the second heat exchange pipeline is provided with a first heat exchanger 11 for supplying heat to the carbon dioxide treatment mechanism, the heat energy exchanged in the heat exchange mechanism is stored through the phase change heat storage device 2, and one of the heat transfer pipelines of the phase change heat storage device 2 is connected to the cylinder jacket water in the internal combustion engine 1.

[0016] In this embodiment, an oil-water heat exchanger 6 pipeline is also included. The heat injection end of the oil-water heat exchange pipeline is connected to the heat exchange mechanism, and the exhaust end is connected to the heat exchange mechanism through the low-temperature water source heat pump 5 to form a crude oil heating circuit. The oil-water heat exchange pipeline is provided with an oil-water heat exchanger 6, and the heat exchange structure includes a high-temperature water source heat pump 3 and a second heat exchanger 4. The output end of the second heat exchanger 4 is connected to the high-temperature water source heat pump 3.

[0017] In this embodiment, the oil-water heat exchange pipeline between the heat exchange mechanism and the oil-water heat exchanger 6 is connected to the absorption heat pump 7 according to the flow direction of the heat exchange medium in the oil-water heat exchange pipeline.

[0018] In this embodiment, the carbon dioxide capture mechanism includes an absorption tower 16 and a desorption tower 12. The absorption tower 16 is connected to the absorption heat pump 7 through a cooling pipeline. The cooling pipeline includes a third heat exchanger 8 and a booster fan 9. The carbon dioxide in the absorption tower 16 is injected into the desorption tower 12 through a delivery pipeline and then discharged after treatment. The delivery pipeline includes a fourth heat exchanger 13, a first solution pump 14, a fifth heat exchanger 15 and a second solution pump 10. The fourth heat exchanger 13 is connected to the first solution pump 14, the first solution pump 14 is connected to the fifth heat exchanger 15, and the output of the second solution pump 10 is connected to the fourth heat exchanger 13.

[0019] In this embodiment, the flue gas of the internal combustion engine 1 not only achieves CO2 removal through the CO2 capture unit, but also provides a decomposition heat source for the CO2 capture and decomposition tower 12, thereby achieving "self-sufficiency" in CO2 capture.

[0020] In this embodiment, the driving power source of the low-temperature water source heat pump 5 and the high-temperature water source heat pump 3 can be renewable energy electricity, or can be self-generated by the system.

[0021] In this embodiment, according to the energy utilization principle of "temperature matching and cascade utilization", the associated gas fuel energy is respectively powered by the gas internal combustion engine 1, the CO2 capture and analysis tower 12 removes CO2, and the oil-water heat exchanger 6 heats the crude oil, realizing the comprehensive cascade utilization of energy, which is a low-carbon energy system. At the same time, multiple energy inputs of oilfield associated gas, green electricity and ground source produced water, and multiple products of electricity load, heat load and CO2 are output, realizing the energy synergy integration of multi-energy complementarity and cascade utilization.

[0022] In this embodiment, part of the electricity generated by the internal combustion engine 1 driven by the associated gas of the oil field is supplied to the low-temperature water source heat pump 5 and the high-temperature water source heat pump 3 to increase the temperature of the circulating hot water, part of it is supplied to the auxiliary equipment of the entire energy supply system, and the remaining part of the electricity is exported to meet the production needs; the high-temperature exhaust gas (454°C) generated by the internal combustion engine 1 system drives the CO2 capture and analysis tower 12 to produce CO2; the exhaust gas (248°C) after the waste heat of the CO2 capture and analysis tower 12 drives the absorption heat pump 7 to increase the jacket water generated by the internal combustion engine 1 from 80°C to 95°C, and the 95°C hot water after the temperature is raised is used by the oil-water heat exchanger 6 to raise the temperature of the crude oil from 37°C to 85°C; the low-temperature exhaust gas (100°C) after being utilized by the absorption heat pump 7 is cooled by the heat exchanger After cooling, it enters the CO2 capture absorption tower 16 to absorb CO2 in the flue gas. After CO2 is removed, the flue gas is discharged from the top of the tower, and the solution that absorbs CO2 precipitates CO2 in the CO2 capture and analysis tower 12; the low-temperature hot water (47°C) passing through the oil-water heat exchanger 6 first passes through the low-temperature water source heat pump 5 to increase the hot water temperature to 66°C, and the 66°C hot water is used as the low-temperature heat source of the absorption heat pump 7. After heat exchange by the second heat exchanger 4, the temperature is reduced to 54°C, and the 54°C hot water is increased to 71°C by the high-temperature water source heat pump 3. The 71°C hot water is increased to 80°C after heat exchange by the cylinder jacket water of the internal combustion engine 1, and then further heated by the absorption heat pump 7; the phase change heat storage device 2 plays the active regulation function and role of supply and demand matching.

[0023] In this embodiment, the 100°C flue gas is cooled by the third heat exchanger 8 and then enters the CO2 capture absorption tower 16 through the booster fan 9. The CO2 is absorbed by the solution in the tower and then discharged through the top of the tower. The solution that absorbs CO2 enters the analysis tower 12 after being pressurized by the second solution pump 10 and heat exchanged by the fourth heat exchanger 13. The solution is analyzed and separated in the analysis tower 12 under the drive of the 454°C flue gas heat, and CO2 is separated from the top of the tower. The solution that analyzes CO2 is discharged from the bottom of the tower, and then enters the absorption tower 16 after heat exchange by the fifth heat exchanger 15 and pressurization by the first solution pump 14 to carry out the next CO2 capture process.

[0024] Although the specific implementation of the present invention is described in detail in conjunction with the drawings, it should not be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Within the scope described in the claims, various modifications and variations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative work still fall within the scope of protection of this patent.

Claims

1. An electric-thermal-carbon multi-energy complementary distributed low-carbon energy supply system, including an internal combustion engine, a heat exchange mechanism, a phase change heat storage device and a carbon dioxide capture mechanism, which is characterized by: The jacket water in the internal combustion engine is connected to the heat exchange mechanism through a first heat exchange pipeline, and the exhaust flue gas of the internal combustion engine is connected to the heat exchange mechanism through a second heat exchange pipeline, and the first heat exchange pipeline and the second heat exchange pipeline are both driven by an absorption heat pump, the first heat exchanger has an exhaust port for exhausting fuel gas, and the exhaust port is connected to the carbon dioxide capture mechanism through a flue gas injection pipeline, and the second heat exchange pipeline is provided with a first heat exchanger for supplying heat to the carbon dioxide capture mechanism, and the heat energy exchanged in the heat exchange mechanism is stored through a phase change heat storage device, and one of the heat transfer pipelines of the phase change heat storage device is connected to the jacket water in the internal combustion engine.

2. The electric-heat-carbon multi-energy complementary distributed low-carbon energy supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an oil-water heat exchanger pipeline, the heat injection end of the oil-water heat exchange pipeline is connected to the heat exchange mechanism, and the exhaust end is connected to the heat exchange mechanism through a low-temperature water source heat pump to form a crude oil heating circuit. The oil-water heat exchange pipeline is provided with an oil-water heat exchanger, and the heat exchange structure includes a high-temperature water source heat pump and a second heat exchanger, and the output end of the second heat exchanger is connected to the high-temperature water source heat pump.

3. The electric-heat-carbon multi-energy complementary distributed low-carbon energy supply system according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes connecting the oil-water heat exchange pipeline between the heat exchange mechanism and the oil-water heat exchanger to the absorption heat pump according to the flow direction of the heat exchange medium in the oil-water heat exchange pipeline.

4. The electric-heat-carbon multi-energy complementary distributed low-carbon energy supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The carbon dioxide capture mechanism includes an absorption tower and a desorption tower. The absorption tower is connected to an absorption heat pump through a cooling pipeline. The cooling pipeline includes a third heat exchanger and a booster fan. The carbon dioxide in the absorption tower is injected into the desorption tower through a delivery pipeline for treatment and then discharged. The delivery pipeline includes a fourth heat exchanger, a first solution pump, a fifth heat exchanger and a second solution pump. The fourth heat exchanger is connected to the first solution pump, the first solution pump is connected to the fifth heat exchanger, and the output of the second solution pump is connected to the fourth heat exchanger.

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