Electric bus load resource rapid and sustainable parameter adjustment capability assessment method in charging and battery swap mode

Abstract

The invention discloses an electric bus load resource rapid and sustainable parameter adjustment capability evaluation method in a charging and battery swap mode, and solves the problems that the existing evaluation method is inaccurate in capability evaluation of coping with rapid power fluctuation and insufficient in parameter adjustment capability, and the method comprises the following steps: firstly, collecting electric bus load information; and then, the rapid load up-regulation capability of the electric bus is evaluated, and the rapid load down-regulation capability of the electric bus is evaluated. And secondly, evaluating the rapid parameter adjustment capability of the electric bus aggregation unit. And finally, evaluating the sustainable parametric adjustment capability of the electric bus aggregation unit, so as to effectively evaluate the sustainable response duration of the electric bus load responding to a certain power, thereby effectively coping with the rapid and continuous power fluctuation of the novel power system. According to the invention, the rapid parameter adjustment capability and sustainable parameter adjustment capability of quantitative evaluation of the electric bus load are realized, and the adjustment capability of a novel power system is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of electric power systems, and in particular relates to a method for evaluating the rapid and sustainable adjustment capability of load resources of an electric bus in a charging and battery swapping mode. Background Art

[0002] The regulation capacity of the new power system with new energy as the main body is gradually weakened on the power supply side, and the regulation means on the grid side are limited. The current energy storage cost is too high. However, there are large-scale, cheap, clean and controllable resources on the load side, such as electric vehicle loads. Exploiting them can improve the regulation capacity of the new power system and effectively cope with power fluctuations. Electric buses have relatively fixed routes and certain regularities in their departure, and their battery capacity is large. However, the traditional electric vehicle regulation capacity assessment method does have some shortcomings in coping with the rapid and continuous power fluctuations of new energy in the new power system, which are mainly reflected in the following aspects: 1) Traditional methods are often based on fixed standards and parameters for evaluation, and lack specific analysis of different types of electric vehicles and their operating characteristics. Under different grid load and new energy output fluctuation scenarios, the regulation capacity of electric vehicles will be different, but traditional evaluation methods often cannot effectively distinguish and adapt to these changes. 2) Traditional methods may ignore the limitations of electric vehicles in responding to demand quickly, resulting in insufficient response speed when facing rapid power fluctuations of new energy. Traditional evaluation methods usually do not fully consider the dynamic characteristics of electric vehicles, such as start-up time, acceleration and deceleration characteristics, resulting in inaccurate evaluation of their ability to cope with rapid power fluctuations. 3) When dealing with continuous power fluctuations, the energy management strategy of electric vehicles is crucial. Traditional evaluation methods may lack optimization and evaluation of these strategies, resulting in insufficient adjustment capabilities. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the above problems, the present invention proposes a method for evaluating the rapid and sustainable adjustment capability of electric bus load resources in charging and swapping mode, which solves the problem that the existing evaluation methods have inaccurate ability to cope with rapid power fluctuations and insufficient adjustment capability.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a method for evaluating the rapid and sustainable adjustment capability of load resources of electric buses in a charging and battery swapping mode, and the method steps are as follows:

[0005] S1. Collecting load information of electric buses: including charging power and discharging power of electric buses in charging mode, charging power and discharging power of electric bus battery replacement, capacity of electric buses after charging and discharging in charging mode, charging and discharging thresholds of electric buses in charging mode, capacity of batteries after charging and discharging in battery replacement mode, and battery charging and discharging thresholds in battery replacement mode;

[0006] S2. Evaluate the ability of electric bus load to quickly increase: Based on the collected electric bus load information, build an evaluation model for the ability of electric bus load to quickly increase in charging mode and a evaluation model for the ability of electric bus load to quickly increase in battery replacement mode, and evaluate the ability of electric bus load to quickly respond to different dispatching times in the two modes.

[0007] S3. Evaluate the ability of electric buses to quickly reduce loads: Based on the collected electric bus load information, construct an evaluation model for the ability of electric buses to quickly reduce loads in charging mode and a evaluation model for the ability of electric buses to quickly reduce loads in battery replacement mode, and evaluate the ability of electric buses to quickly respond to different dispatching times in the two modes.

[0008] S4. Evaluate the rapid adjustment capability of the electric bus aggregation unit: Aggregate the electric buses in the charging and battery replacement modes, and evaluate the ability of the electric buses to quickly adjust the power up and down online within the time change Δt, taking the aggregation unit as the unit;

[0009] S5. Evaluate the sustainable regulation capability of the aggregation unit of electric buses: Based on the evaluation of the rapid regulation capability of the aggregation unit of electric buses, construct an evaluation model for the sustainable regulation capability of the load aggregation unit of electric buses to effectively evaluate the sustainable response time of the electric bus load in response to a certain power, so as to effectively cope with the rapid and continuous power fluctuations in the new power system.

[0010] Furthermore, in step S1, formula (1) is used to collect the load information of the electric bus.

[0011]

[0012] Where: X is the collected electric bus load information; is the charging power of electric bus No. e in charging mode at time t; is the discharge power of electric bus No. e in charging mode at time t; is the charging power of the electric bus battery h at time t; is the discharge power of the electric bus battery h at time t; The capacity of the e-bus after charging in charging mode; The capacity of the e-type electric bus after discharge in charging mode; The charging threshold of the e-type electric bus in the charging mode; The discharge threshold of the e-type electric bus in charging mode; The capacity of battery h after charging in battery swap mode; is the capacity of battery h after discharge in battery swap mode; The charging threshold of battery h in battery swap mode; It is the discharge threshold of battery h in battery swap mode.

[0013] Furthermore, the evaluation model of the ability of the electric bus load to quickly increase power under the charging mode constructed in step S2 is shown in formulas (2) and (3), where formula (2) is the constraint condition for the ability of the electric bus load to quickly increase power under the charging mode, and formula (3) is the ability of the electric bus load to quickly increase power under the charging mode; after satisfying the operating constraint condition (2), the ability of the electric bus load to quickly increase power under the charging mode is calculated according to formula (3);

[0014] In different operating states, electric buses have different capabilities for quickly increasing power. e (t) = -1, its ability to quickly increase power is the sum of the stopping discharge power and the subsequent starting charging power; in the idle state δ e (t) = 0, its ability to quickly increase power is the charging power; in the charging state δ e When (t) = 1, the electric bus has no ability to increase power;

[0015]

[0016] In the formula, The capacity of the electric bus e after charging Δt in the charging mode; The charging threshold of the e-type electric bus in the charging mode; P is the ability of the electric bus No. e to quickly increase power within Δt at time t; e c (t) is the charging power of the electric bus No. e at time t in the charging mode; is the discharge power of the electric bus No. e at time t in the charging mode; δ e (t) is the charging and discharging state of the electric bus e, with a value of -1 indicating that it is in the discharging state, a value of 0 indicating that it is in the idle state, and a value of 1 indicating that it is in the charging state;

[0017] The evaluation model of the ability of electric bus load to quickly increase power under the battery swap mode is shown in formulas (4) and (5). Formula (4) is the constraint condition for the electric bus load to participate in the rapid increase of power under the battery swap mode, and formula (5) is the ability of the electric bus load to quickly increase power under the battery swap mode. After meeting the operating constraint condition (4), the ability of the e-type electric bus to quickly increase power under the battery swap mode is calculated according to formula (3).

[0018]

[0019] In the formula, The capacity of the swap battery h after charging for Δt; is the charging threshold of the swap battery h; The ability of the electric bus battery h to quickly increase power within Δt at time t; is the charging power of the battery h at time t; is the discharge power of the battery h at time t; h (t) is the charge and discharge status of the electric bus battery h. A value of -1 indicates that it is in the discharge state, a value of 0 indicates that it is in the idle state, and a value of 1 indicates that it is in the charging state.

[0020] Furthermore, the evaluation model of the ability of the electric bus load to quickly reduce power under the charging mode constructed in step S3 is shown in formulas (6) and (7). Formula (6) is the constraint condition for the ability of the electric bus load to participate in the rapid reduction of power under the charging mode, and formula (7) is the ability of the electric bus load to quickly reduce power under the charging mode. After satisfying the operating constraint (6), the ability of the electric bus No. e to quickly reduce power under the charging mode is calculated according to formula (7). Under different operating conditions, the electric bus has different abilities to quickly reduce power. When it is in the charging state δ e When (t) = 1, the ability to reduce power is the sum of the stopping charging power and the subsequent starting discharging power; when in the idle state δ e When (t) = 0, the ability to reduce power is the discharge power; when in the discharge state δ e When (t) = -1, there is no power reduction.

[0021]

[0022] In the formula, in the formula, is the capacity of the e-type electric bus after discharging Δt in charging mode, is the discharge threshold of the e-type electric bus in charging mode, is the ability of the electric bus No. e to quickly reduce power within Δt at time t, is the charging power of the electric bus No. e at time t in the charging mode, is the discharge power of the electric bus No. e at time t in the charging mode; δ e (t) is the charging and discharging state of the electric bus e, with a value of -1 indicating that it is in the discharging state, a value of 0 indicating that it is in the idle state, and a value of 1 indicating that it is in the charging state;

[0023] The evaluation model of the ability of electric bus load to quickly reduce power under the battery swap mode is shown in formulas (8) and (9). Formula (8) is the constraint condition for the electric bus load to participate in the rapid power reduction under the battery swap mode. Formula (9) is the ability of the electric bus load to quickly reduce power under the battery swap mode. After meeting the operating constraint condition (8), the ability of the electric bus to quickly reduce power by battery swapping h is calculated according to formula (9).

[0024]

[0025] In the formula, is the capacity of the replacement battery h after discharge Δt; is the discharge threshold of the replacement battery h; The ability of the electric bus battery h to quickly reduce power within Δt at time t; is the charging power of the battery h at time t; is the discharge power of the battery h at time t; h (t) is the charge and discharge status of the electric bus battery h. A value of -1 indicates that it is in the discharge state, a value of 0 indicates that it is in the idle state, and a value of 1 indicates that it is in the charging state.

[0026] Furthermore, in step S4, the electric buses in the charging / battery swapping mode that meet the operation and participation constraints are aggregated according to formula (10), and based on the methods in steps S2 and S3, the ability of the electric bus aggregation unit to quickly increase the power in the charging / battery swapping mode within Δt is obtained respectively. i eup (t,Δt) and the ability to reduce power ΔP i edn (t,Δt),

[0027]

[0028] Where ΔP i eup (t, Δt) is the ability of the aggregation unit i to quickly increase its power online; ΔP i edn (t, Δt) is the ability of the aggregation unit i to quickly reduce its power online; N e is the number of electric buses in the aggregation unit; N h is the number of batteries in the aggregate unit.

[0029] Furthermore, in step S5, a sustainable parameter adjustment capability evaluation model of the electric bus load aggregation unit is constructed as shown in formulas (11)-(16), which includes three steps:

[0030] S51. Calculate the maximum remaining charging time λt of the electric bus load e according to formula (11). e , and check whether it satisfies the constraints according to formula (12);

[0031] S52. If the constraints are met, calculate the aggregation unit according to formula (13) and formula (14). and When calculating the power corresponding to the response time λt, we only need to calculate the λt of the e-type electric bus. e If it is greater than λt, the electric bus can participate in the response;

[0032] S53, Point The continuous upward adjustment capability is obtained by fitting as shown in formula (15). Based on the method of steps S51-S53, the continuous downward adjustment capability is further obtained as shown in formula (16).

[0033]

[0034] In the formula, This table shows the departure time of the electric bus No. e in the kth departure group.

[0035] Furthermore, another object of the present invention is achieved by a user-side energy storage dynamic benefit evaluation system taking into account comprehensive capacity compensation, comprising: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that: when the computer program is executed by the processor, the evaluation method as described above is implemented.

[0036] Furthermore, another object of the present invention is achieved by a computer-readable storage medium, on which is stored an implementation program for information transmission, and when the program is executed by a processor, the steps of the evaluation method described above are implemented.

[0037] The present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects: the present invention can quantitatively evaluate the rapid adjustment capability and sustainable adjustment capability of the electric bus load, thereby being able to effectively cope with the rapid and continuous power fluctuations of the new power system, and thus having the ability to effectively enhance the adjustment capability of the new power system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 is a flow chart of the evaluation method of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of continuous regulation capability evaluation of load aggregation unit for electric buses. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings as examples:

[0041] Example 1

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, a method for evaluating the rapid and sustainable adjustment capability of load resources of electric buses in a charging and swapping mode is provided, and the steps are as follows:

[0043] S1. Collecting load information of electric buses: including charging power and discharging power of electric buses in charging mode, charging power and discharging power of electric bus battery replacement, capacity of electric buses after charging and discharging in charging mode, charging and discharging thresholds of electric buses in charging mode, capacity of batteries after charging and discharging in battery replacement mode, and battery charging and discharging thresholds in battery replacement mode;

[0044] This step uses formula (1) to collect electric bus load information to evaluate the online and sustainable load adjustment capabilities of electric buses.

[0045]

[0046] Where: X is the collected electric bus load information; is the charging power of electric bus No. e in charging mode at time t; is the discharge power of electric bus No. e in charging mode at time t; is the charging power of the electric bus battery h at time t; is the discharge power of the electric bus replacement battery h at time t; The capacity of the e-bus after charging in charging mode; The capacity of the e-type electric bus after discharge in charging mode; The charging threshold of the e-type electric bus in the charging mode; The discharge threshold of the e-type electric bus in charging mode; The capacity of battery h after charging in battery swap mode; is the capacity of battery h after discharge in battery swap mode; is the charging threshold of battery h in battery swap mode; is the discharge threshold of the battery h in the battery swap mode;

[0047] S2. Evaluate the ability of electric bus load to quickly increase: Based on the collected electric bus load information, build an evaluation model for the ability of electric bus load to quickly increase in charging mode and a evaluation model for the ability of electric bus load to quickly increase in battery replacement mode, evaluate the ability of electric bus load to quickly respond to different dispatching times in the two modes, and provide support for the rapid regulation of new power systems;

[0048] The evaluation model of the ability of the electric bus load to quickly increase power under the charging mode constructed in this step is shown in formulas (2) and (3). Formula (2) is the constraint condition for the ability of the electric bus load to quickly increase power under the charging mode, and formula (3) is the ability of the electric bus load to quickly increase power under the charging mode. After satisfying the operating constraint (2), the ability of the electric bus load to quickly increase power under the charging mode is calculated according to formula (3).

[0049] In different operating states, electric buses have different capabilities for quickly increasing power. e (t) = -1, its ability to quickly increase power is the sum of the stopping discharge power and the subsequent starting charging power; in the idle state δ e (t) = 0, its ability to quickly increase power is the charging power; in the charging state δ e When (t) = 1, the electric bus has no ability to increase power;

[0050]

[0051] In the formula, The capacity of the electric bus e after charging Δt in the charging mode; The charging threshold of the e-type electric bus in the charging mode; is the ability of electric bus No. e to quickly increase power within Δt at time t; is the charging power of electric bus No. e at time t in charging mode; is the discharge power of the electric bus No. e at time t in the charging mode; δ e (t) is the charging and discharging state of the electric bus e, with a value of -1 indicating that it is in the discharging state, a value of 0 indicating that it is in the idle state, and a value of 1 indicating that it is in the charging state;

[0052] The evaluation model of the ability of electric bus load to quickly increase power under the battery swap mode is shown in formulas (4) and (5). Formula (4) is the constraint condition for the electric bus load to participate in the rapid increase of power under the battery swap mode, and formula (5) is the ability of the electric bus load to quickly increase power under the battery swap mode. After meeting the operating constraint condition (4), the ability of the e-type electric bus to quickly increase power under the battery swap mode is calculated according to formula (3).

[0053]

[0054] In the formula, The capacity of the swap battery h after charging for Δt; is the charging threshold of the swap battery h; The ability of the electric bus battery h to quickly increase power within Δt at time t; is the charging power of the battery h at time t; is the discharge power of the battery h at time t; h (t) is the charge and discharge status of the battery h of the electric bus, where a value of -1 indicates that it is in the discharge state, a value of 0 indicates that it is in the idle state, and a value of 1 indicates that it is in the charging state;

[0055] S3. Evaluate the ability of electric buses to quickly reduce loads: Based on the collected electric bus load information, build an evaluation model for the ability of electric buses to quickly reduce loads in charging mode and in battery swapping mode, respectively, to evaluate the ability of electric buses to quickly respond to different dispatching times in the two modes, and provide support for the rapid regulation of new power systems;

[0056] The evaluation model of the ability of the electric bus load to quickly reduce power under the charging mode constructed in this step is shown in formulas (6) and (7). Formula (6) is the constraint condition for the ability of the electric bus load to participate in the rapid reduction of power under the charging mode, and formula (7) is the ability of the electric bus load to quickly reduce power under the charging mode. After meeting the operating constraint (6), the ability of the electric bus No. e to quickly reduce power under the charging mode is calculated according to formula (7). Under different operating conditions, the electric bus has different abilities to quickly reduce power. When it is in the charging state δ e When (t) = 1, the ability to reduce power is the sum of the stopping charging power and the subsequent starting discharging power; when in the idle state δ e When (t) = 0, the ability to reduce power is the discharge power; when in the discharge state δ e When (t) = -1, there is no power reduction.

[0057]

[0058] In the formula, in the formula, is the capacity of the e-type electric bus after discharging Δt in charging mode, is the discharge threshold of the e-type electric bus in charging mode, is the ability of the electric bus No. e to quickly reduce power within Δt at time t, is the charging power of the electric bus No. e at time t in the charging mode, is the discharge power of the electric bus No. e at time t in the charging mode; δ e (t) is the charging and discharging state of the electric bus e, with a value of -1 indicating that it is in the discharging state, a value of 0 indicating that it is in the idle state, and a value of 1 indicating that it is in the charging state;

[0059] The evaluation model of the ability of electric bus load to quickly reduce power under the battery swap mode is shown in formulas (8) and (9). Formula (8) is the constraint condition for the electric bus load to participate in the rapid power reduction under the battery swap mode. Formula (9) is the ability of the electric bus load to quickly reduce power under the battery swap mode. After meeting the operating constraint condition (8), the ability of the electric bus to quickly reduce power by battery swapping h is calculated according to formula (9).

[0060]

[0061] In the formula, is the capacity of the replacement battery h after discharge Δt; is the discharge threshold of the replacement battery h; The ability of the electric bus battery h to quickly reduce power within Δt at time t; is the charging power of the battery h at time t; is the discharge power of the battery h at time t; h (t) is the charge and discharge status of the battery h of the electric bus, where a value of -1 indicates that it is in the discharge state, a value of 0 indicates that it is in the idle state, and a value of 1 indicates that it is in the charging state;

[0062] S4. Evaluate the rapid adjustment capability of the electric bus aggregation unit: Aggregate the electric buses in the charging and battery replacement modes, and evaluate the ability of the electric buses to quickly adjust the power up and down online within the time change Δt, in units of aggregation units, to provide support for the rapid regulation of the new power system;

[0063] In this step, the electric buses in the charging / battery swapping mode that meet the operation and participation constraints are aggregated according to formula (10), and the ability of the electric bus aggregation unit to quickly increase the power in the charging / battery swapping mode within Δt is obtained. i eup (t,Δt) and the ability to reduce power ΔP i edn (t,Δt),

[0064]

[0065] In the formula, ΔP i eup (t, Δt) is the ability of the aggregation unit i to quickly increase its power online; ΔP i edn (t, Δt) is the ability of the aggregation unit i to quickly reduce power online; N e is the number of electric buses in the aggregation unit; N h is the number of batteries in the aggregate unit;

[0066] S5. Evaluate the sustainable adjustment capability of the aggregation unit of electric buses: Based on the rapid adjustment capability evaluation of the aggregation unit of electric buses, a sustainable adjustment capability evaluation model of the load aggregation unit of electric buses is constructed to effectively evaluate the sustainable response time of the load of electric buses to a certain power, so as to effectively deal with the continuous power fluctuations in the new power system and provide support for the regulation of the new power system;

[0067] In step S5, a sustainable parameter adjustment capability evaluation model of an electric bus load aggregation unit is constructed as shown in formulas (11)-(16), which includes three steps:

[0068] S51. Calculate the maximum remaining charging time λt of the electric bus load e according to formula (11). e , and check whether it satisfies the constraints according to formula (12);

[0069] S52. If the constraints are met, such as Figure 2 (a), the polymer unit is calculated according to formula (13) and formula (14): and like Figure 2 As shown in (b), when calculating the power corresponding to the response time λt, as long as the λt of the e-type electric bus e If it is greater than λt, the electric bus can participate in the response. For example, the power of the aggregation unit when it can continuously respond for 4 minutes is

[0070] S53, Point The continuous upward adjustment capability is obtained by fitting as shown in formula (15). Based on the method of steps S51-S53, the continuous downward adjustment capability is further obtained as shown in formula (16).

[0071]

[0072] In the formula, This table shows the departure time of the electric bus No. e in the kth departure group.

[0073] Based on the above steps, the rapid and sustainable load adjustment capabilities of electric buses can be quantitatively evaluated, which can effectively cope with the rapid and continuous power fluctuations in the new power system and effectively improve the regulation capacity of the new power system.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating the rapid and sustainable adjustment capability of electric bus load resources in charging and swapping mode, characterized in that: The steps are as follows: S1. Collecting load information of electric buses: including charging power and discharging power of electric buses in charging mode, charging power and discharging power of electric bus battery replacement, capacity of electric buses after charging and discharging in charging mode, charging and discharging thresholds of electric buses in charging mode, capacity of batteries after charging and discharging in battery replacement mode, and battery charging and discharging thresholds in battery replacement mode; S2. Evaluate the ability of electric bus load to quickly increase: Based on the collected electric bus load information, build an evaluation model for the ability of electric bus load to quickly increase in charging mode and a evaluation model for the ability of electric bus load to quickly increase in battery replacement mode, and evaluate the ability of electric bus load to quickly respond to different dispatching times in the two modes. S3. Evaluate the ability of electric buses to quickly reduce loads: Based on the collected electric bus load information, construct an evaluation model for the ability of electric buses to quickly reduce loads in charging mode and a evaluation model for the ability of electric buses to quickly reduce loads in battery replacement mode, and evaluate the ability of electric buses to quickly respond to different dispatching times in the two modes. S4. Evaluate the rapid adjustment capability of the electric bus aggregation unit: Aggregate the electric buses in the charging and battery replacement modes, and evaluate the ability of the electric buses to quickly adjust the power up and down online within the time change Δt, taking the aggregation unit as the unit; S5. Evaluate the sustainable regulation capability of the aggregation unit of electric buses: Based on the evaluation of the rapid regulation capability of the aggregation unit of electric buses, construct an evaluation model for the sustainable regulation capability of the load aggregation unit of electric buses to effectively evaluate the sustainable response time of the electric bus load in response to a certain power, so as to effectively cope with the rapid and continuous power fluctuations in the new power system.

2. According to the method for evaluating the rapid and sustainable adjustment capability of electric bus load resources in the charging and swapping mode in claim 1, it is characterized in that: In step S1, formula (1) is used to collect the load information of the electric bus. Where: X is the collected electric bus load information; is the charging power of electric bus No. e in charging mode at time t; is the discharge power of electric bus No. e in charging mode at time t; is the charging power of the electric bus battery h at time t; is the discharge power of the electric bus replacement battery h at time t; The capacity of the e-bus after charging in charging mode; The capacity of the e-type electric bus after discharge in charging mode; The charging threshold of the e-type electric bus in the charging mode; The discharge threshold of the e-type electric bus in charging mode; The capacity of battery h after charging in battery swap mode; is the capacity of battery h after discharge in battery swap mode; is the charging threshold of battery h in battery swap mode; It is the discharge threshold of battery h in battery swap mode.

3. According to the method for evaluating the rapid and sustainable adjustment capability of electric bus load resources in the charging and swapping mode in claim 2, it is characterized in that: The evaluation model of the ability of the electric bus load to quickly increase power under the charging mode constructed in step S2 is shown in formulas (2) and (3). Formula (2) is the constraint condition for the ability of the electric bus load to quickly increase power under the charging mode, and formula (3) is the ability of the electric bus load to quickly increase power under the charging mode. After satisfying the operating constraint (2), the ability of the electric bus load to quickly increase power under the charging mode is calculated according to formula (3). In different operating states, electric buses have different capabilities for quickly increasing power. e (t) = -1, its ability to quickly increase power is the sum of the stopping discharge power and the subsequent starting charging power; in the idle state δ e (t) = 0, its ability to quickly increase power is the charging power; in the charging state δ e When (t) = 1, the electric bus has no ability to increase power; In the formula, The capacity of the electric bus e after charging Δt in the charging mode; The charging threshold of the e-type electric bus in the charging mode; is the ability of electric bus No. e to quickly increase power within Δt at time t; is the charging power of electric bus No. e at time t in charging mode; is the discharge power of the electric bus No. e at time t in the charging mode; δ e (t) is the charging and discharging state of the electric bus e, with a value of -1 indicating that it is in the discharging state, a value of 0 indicating that it is in the idle state, and a value of 1 indicating that it is in the charging state; The evaluation model of the ability of electric bus load to quickly increase power under the battery swap mode is shown in formulas (4) and (5). Formula (4) is the constraint condition for the electric bus load to participate in the rapid increase of power under the battery swap mode, and formula (5) is the ability of the electric bus load to quickly increase power under the battery swap mode. After meeting the operating constraint condition (4), the ability of the e-type electric bus to quickly increase power under the battery swap mode is calculated according to formula (3). In the formula, The capacity of the swap battery h after charging for Δt; is the charging threshold of the swap battery h; The ability of the electric bus battery h to quickly increase power within Δt at time t; is the charging power of the battery h at time t; is the discharge power of the battery h at time t; h (t) is the charge and discharge status of the electric bus battery h. A value of -1 indicates that it is in the discharge state, a value of 0 indicates that it is in the idle state, and a value of 1 indicates that it is in the charging state.

4. The method for evaluating the rapid and sustainable adjustment capability of load resources of electric buses in a charging and swapping mode according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The evaluation model of the ability of the electric bus load to quickly reduce power under the charging mode constructed in step S3 is shown in formulas (6) and (7). Formula (6) is the constraint condition for the ability of the electric bus load to participate in the rapid reduction of power under the charging mode, and formula (7) is the ability of the electric bus load to quickly reduce power under the charging mode. After satisfying the operating constraint (6), the ability of the electric bus No. e to quickly reduce power under the charging mode is calculated according to formula (7). Under different operating conditions, the electric bus has different abilities to quickly reduce power. When it is in the charging state δ e When (t) = 1, the ability to reduce power is the sum of the stopping charging power and the subsequent starting discharging power; When in idle state e When (t) = 0, the ability to reduce power is the discharge power; when in the discharge state δ e When (t) = -1, there is no power reduction. In the formula, in the formula, is the capacity of the e-type electric bus after discharging Δt in charging mode, is the discharge threshold of the e-type electric bus in charging mode, is the ability of the electric bus No. e to quickly reduce power within Δt at time t, is the charging power of the electric bus No. e at time t in the charging mode, is the discharge power of the electric bus No. e at time t in the charging mode; δ e (t) is the charging and discharging state of the electric bus e, with a value of -1 indicating that it is in the discharging state, a value of 0 indicating that it is in the idle state, and a value of 1 indicating that it is in the charging state; The evaluation model of the ability of electric bus load to quickly reduce power under the battery swap mode is shown in formulas (8) and (9). Formula (8) is the constraint condition for the electric bus load to participate in the rapid power reduction under the battery swap mode. Formula (9) is the ability of the electric bus load to quickly reduce power under the battery swap mode. After meeting the operating constraint condition (8), the ability of the electric bus to quickly reduce power by battery swapping h is calculated according to formula (9). In the formula, is the capacity of the replacement battery h after discharge Δt; is the discharge threshold of the replacement battery h; The ability of the electric bus battery h to quickly reduce power within Δt at time t; is the charging power of the battery h at time t; is the discharge power of the battery h at time t; h (t) is the charge and discharge status of the electric bus battery h. A value of -1 indicates that it is in the discharge state, a value of 0 indicates that it is in the idle state, and a value of 1 indicates that it is in the charging state.

5. The method for evaluating the rapid and sustainable adjustment capability of load resources of electric buses in a charging and swapping mode according to claim 4 is characterized in that: In step S4, the electric buses in the charging / battery swapping mode that meet the operation and participation constraints are aggregated according to formula (10), and the ability of the electric bus aggregation unit to quickly increase the power in the charging / battery swapping mode within Δt is obtained. i eup (t,Δt) and the ability to reduce power ΔP i edn (t,Δt), Where ΔP i eup (t, Δt) is the ability of the aggregation unit i to quickly increase its power online; ΔP i edn (t, Δt) is the ability of the aggregation unit i to quickly reduce power online; N e is the number of electric buses in the aggregation unit; N h is the number of batteries in the aggregate unit.

6. The method for evaluating the rapid and sustainable adjustment capability of load resources of electric buses in a charging and swapping mode according to claim 5 is characterized in that: In step S5, the sustainable parameter adjustment capability evaluation model of the electric bus load aggregation unit is constructed as shown in formulas (11)-(16), which includes three steps: S51. Calculate the maximum remaining charging time λt of the electric bus load e according to formula (11). e , and check whether it satisfies the constraints according to formula (12); S52. If the constraints are met, calculate the aggregation unit according to formula (13) and formula (14). and When calculating the power corresponding to the response time λt, we only need to calculate the λt of the e-type electric bus. e If it is greater than λt, the electric bus can participate in the response; S53, Point The continuous upward adjustment capability is obtained by fitting as shown in formula (15). Based on the method of steps S51-S53, the continuous downward adjustment capability is further obtained as shown in formula (16). In the formula, This table shows the departure time of the electric bus No. e in the kth departure group.

7. A system for evaluating the rapid and sustainable adjustment capability of electric bus load resources in charging and battery swapping mode, comprising: A memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the computer program, when executed by the processor, implements a method for evaluating the rapid and sustainable adjustment capability of load resources of an electric bus in a charging and swapping mode as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. A computer-readable storage medium, on which an implementation program for information transmission is stored, and when the program is executed by a processor, the steps of a method for evaluating the rapid and sustainable adjustment capability of load resources of an electric bus in a charging and swapping mode are implemented.

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