Self-propelled multistage cleaning system pepper harvester

Abstract

A self-propelled pepper harvester with a multi-stage cleaning system belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery and comprises a picking table, an elevator, a planet wheel cleaning device, a re-picking device, a transverse cleaning fan, a grain collecting tank, a vehicle body and a hydraulic system, and the picking table, the elevator, the planet wheel cleaning device, the re-picking device and the transverse cleaning fan form the multi-stage cleaning system. After peppers are separated from stems and leaves through the multi-stage cleaning system, the peppers are conveyed to the grain collecting tank, the multi-stage cleaning system and the conveying device form a working device of the pepper harvester, and the working device is driven and controlled by the hydraulic system. A cab, an engine assembly and wheels are integrated on the vehicle body. The invention has the beneficial effects that the problems of complex material conveying route, unsmooth crop movement, unreasonable overall layout and the like can be effectively solved; the separation effect is improved, and the cleanliness of harvested peppers is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery harvesting equipment, and in particular relates to a self-propelled pepper harvester with a multi-stage cleaning system. Background Art

[0002] The pepper planting area in my country has been maintained at about 30 million mu all year round, but pepper picking and harvesting has long been done manually, with high harvesting costs, low picking efficiency, high labor intensity and long operation cycles. If there is continuous rainy weather during the pepper picking season, the ripe peppers that are not picked in time will become moldy and deteriorate, seriously affecting farmers' income; The existing pepper harvesters on the market do not have a cleaning system or the cleaning system only uses a cleaning fan, which is arranged between the conveyor belt and the grain box to clean and separate the materials. The structure is simple and the separation effect is poor. The harvested peppers are mixed with a large number of stems, pepper leaves and other impurities. The user acceptance is low, and the operating performance and adaptability need to be improved. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to disclose a self-propelled pepper harvester with a multi-stage cleaning system. The whole machine adopts a multi-stage material cleaning method and uses a multi-stage cleaning device to solve the problems of poor material separation effect and high impurity content after harvesting by the pepper harvester.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a self-propelled pepper harvester with a multi-stage cleaning system, comprising a picking platform, an elevator, a planetary wheel cleaning device, a re-picking device, an aggregate hopper, a lateral cleaning fan, a lower cleaning conveyor, a rear cleaning fan, a stalk pushing and transporting auger, a vehicle body, a grain collecting box and a hydraulic system, wherein the picking platform is provided with a first-stage cleaning fan, the picking platform is connected to a bridge conveyor, the bridge conveyor is connected to one end of the elevator, the elevator comprises an elevator conveyor belt and an equalizing device, the other end of the elevator is connected to a planetary wheel cleaning device, the planetary wheel cleaning device is a second-stage cleaning device, a re-picking device is provided on the planetary wheel cleaning device, a stalk pushing and transporting auger is connected to the rear of the planetary wheel cleaning device, and the cleaned stalks are discharged out of the machine through the stalk pushing and transporting auger, and an aggregate hopper is provided below the rear of the planetary wheel cleaning device to collect the materials and slide them downward; The horizontal cleaning fan is a three-stage cleaning fan, which is arranged on the left side of the whole machine and forms a channel. When the material falls, impurities such as pepper leaves are blown to the right and discharged from the machine body; the partition provided on the upper conveyor belt surface of the cleaning lower conveyor is in the same plane as the lower shell of the horizontal cleaning fan, and the cleaned material falls onto the cleaning lower conveyor and moves to the rear; the cleaning lower conveyor throws the material to the cleaning rear conveyor; The rear cleaning fan is a four-stage cleaning fan, which is arranged on the lower rear side of the cleaning rear conveyor and placed parallel to it; the grain collecting box is installed on the vehicle body and arranged on the rear side of the whole machine. The materials passing through the cleaning rear conveyor are finally thrown into the grain collecting box, and the grain collecting box can be lifted up and turned over to unload the grain; the above multi-stage cleaning and conveying constitute the working device of the pepper harvester, which is driven and controlled by the hydraulic system; the vehicle body is integrated with a cab, an engine assembly and wheels.

[0005] The self-propelled multi-stage pepper harvester described above uses a multi-stage pepper harvester cleaning method, which specifically includes the following steps: Step 1: The mixed material harvested by the pepper harvester on the picking platform first passes through a first-level cleaning fan to remove a small part of leaves and other debris from the machine; Step 2: The remaining materials enter the planetary wheel cleaning device through the bridge conveyor and the elevator. Under the action of the planetary wheel shaft group in the planetary wheel cleaning device, most of the long straws and pepper leaves enter the stem pushing auger backwards and are then discharged out of the machine. The peppers and some impurities fall from the gap between the planetary wheel shafts. Step 3: The falling materials fall freely downward and are gathered through the gathering funnel. When passing through the horizontal cleaning fan, under the action of the fan airflow, the pepper leaf impurities move to the right and exit the machine through the pepper leaf conveying channel; Step 4: After the fan is applied, the remaining peppers and a few impurities fall to the lower conveyor of the cleaning machine and are then thrown to the grain collecting box through the rear conveyor of the cleaning machine; Step 5. During the throwing process, impurities are discharged out of the machine under the action of the rear cleaning fan, and the remaining peppers enter the grain collection box.

[0006] The first-stage cleaning fan is a suction fan, which is used to remove pepper leaves and small impurities.

[0007] The elevator is provided with an evenly distributing device, which evenly disperses the transported materials and throws them to the planetary wheel cleaning device to prevent the cleaning wheel shaft from being blocked.

[0008] The planetary wheel cleaning device is equipped with a re-picking device, which is provided with moving teeth and fixed teeth, and the height between the re-picking device and the cleaning wheel can be adjusted, so as to perform secondary picking on the peppers that are not picked cleanly on the picking platform, thereby reducing the picking loss rate.

[0009] The planetary wheel cleaning device is a planetary wheel shaft combination, which is used to separate the long pepper stems and discharge them out of the machine, and the cleaning loss is low.

[0010] The planetary wheel cleaning device is equipped with a collecting funnel to collect materials and make them fall to the horizontal cleaning fan for cleaning; the horizontal cleaning fan is arranged on the left side of the whole machine, and the airflow direction is perpendicular to the cleaning and conveying direction of the planetary wheel cleaning device.

[0011] The hydraulic system includes a hydraulic oil tank, a picking drum drive motor, a left picking and conveying drive motor, a right picking and conveying drive motor, a cleaning wheel drive motor, a cleaning fan drive motor, a fan drive motor speed regulating valve, a cleaning wheel drive motor speed regulating valve, a right conveying drive motor speed regulating valve, a left conveying drive motor speed regulating valve, a flushing valve and a plunger variable pump; The displacements of the picking drum drive motor, the left picking and conveying drive motor, the right picking and conveying drive motor, the cleaning wheel drive motor, and the cleaning fan drive motor are all fixed; After the plunger variable pump starts working, the hydraulic oil at the high-pressure oil port flows into the oil inlet of the picking drum drive motor through the pipeline, and the picking drum drive motor starts working. The speed of the picking drum drive motor is mainly adjusted by the displacement of the plunger variable pump.

[0012] The hydraulic oil at the oil outlet of the picking drum drive motor flows into the oil inlet of the left picking and conveying drive motor through the pipeline, and the left picking and conveying drive motor starts to work. The left conveying drive motor speed regulating valve is connected in parallel at both ends of the oil inlet and outlet of the left picking and conveying drive motor. By increasing or decreasing the diameter of the valve core on the left conveying drive motor speed regulating valve, the oil inlet amount of the left conveying drive motor speed regulating valve will also increase or decrease, and the corresponding speed of the left picking and conveying drive motor will also change accordingly.

[0013] The speed of the right picking and conveying drive motor is mainly determined by the diameter of the valve core on the right conveying drive motor speed regulating valve. By changing the diameter of the valve core on the right conveying drive motor speed regulating valve, the speed of the right picking and conveying drive motor also changes accordingly.

[0014] The speed of the cleaning wheel group driving motor is mainly determined by the diameter of the valve core on the cleaning wheel group driving motor speed regulating valve. By changing the diameter of the valve core on the cleaning wheel group driving motor speed regulating valve, the speed of the cleaning wheel group driving motor also changes accordingly.

[0015] The speed of the cleaning fan driving motor is mainly determined by the diameter of the valve core on the fan driving motor speed regulating valve. By changing the diameter of the valve core on the fan driving motor speed regulating valve, the speed of the cleaning fan driving motor will also change accordingly.

[0016] The hydraulic oil at the oil outlet of the cleaning fan drive motor and the hydraulic oil at the oil outlet of the fan drive motor speed regulating valve are merged through the pipeline and flow into the low-pressure oil port of the plunger variable pump.

[0017] Flushing valves are connected in parallel at both ends of the high-pressure oil port and the low-pressure oil port of the plunger variable pump. The function of the flushing valve is to keep the closed hydraulic system clean and reduce the temperature of the closed hydraulic system.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present solution effectively solves the problems of complex material conveying routes, unsmooth crop movement, unreasonable overall machine layout, etc.; the separation effect is improved, and the cleanliness of harvested peppers is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a left view of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cleaning method of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 It is the principle diagram of the hydraulic system of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the picking platform of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the AA side.

[0024] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the material evenly distributing device of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the material conveying route of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the secondary cleaning of the present invention.

[0027] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the fixed teeth of the re-picking device of the present invention.

[0028] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the movable teeth of the re-picking device of the present invention.

[0029] Fig.11 It is a top view schematic diagram of the planetary wheel cleaning device of the present invention.

[0030] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the three-stage cleaning device of the present invention.

[0031] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the four-stage cleaning device of the present invention.

[0032] In the figure: 1. Picking platform, 1.1. Right picking conveyor belt, 1.2. Picking roller, 1.3. First-stage cleaning fan, 1.4. Left picking conveyor belt, 2. Bridge conveyor, 2.1. Bridge conveyor belt, 3. Cab, 4. Elevator, 4.1. Elevator conveyor belt, 4.2. Equalizing device, 4.2.1. Right baffle, 4.2.2. Upper shell, 4.2.3. Equalizing baffle, 4.2.4. Left baffle, 5. Planetary wheel cleaning device, 5.1. Right cleaning wheel support welding, 5.2. Cleaning wheel active shaft joint, 5.3. Cleaning wheel shaft I, 5.4. Cleaning wheel shaft II, 5.5. Chain, 5.6. Left cleaning wheel support welding, 6. Re-picking device, 6.1. Re-picking fixed tooth joint, 6.1.1. Re-picking fixed tooth mounting plate, 6.1.2 , fixed teeth, 6.2, re-picking housing, 6.3, re-picking moving gear, 6.3.1, moving teeth, 6.3.2, re-picking moving gear driving shaft, 6.4, re-picking gap adjustment plate, 6.5, re-picking height adjustment bolt, 6.6, re-picking height adjustment nut, 7, horizontal cleaning fan, 8, collecting funnel, 8.1, pepper leaf conveying channel, 9, cleaning lower conveyor, 10, engine assembly, 11, cleaning rear conveyor, 12, stem pushing auger, 13, rear cleaning fan, 14, wheels, 15, grain collecting box, 16. Vehicle body, 17.1. Hydraulic oil tank, 17.2. Picking roller drive motor, 17.3. Left picking and conveying drive motor, 17.4. Right picking and conveying drive motor, 17.5. Cleaning wheel drive motor, 17.6. Cleaning fan drive motor, 17.7. Fan drive motor speed regulating valve, 17.8. Cleaning wheel drive motor speed regulating valve, 17.9. Right conveying drive motor speed regulating valve, 17.10. Left conveying drive motor speed regulating valve, 17.11. Flushing valve, 17.12. Plunger variable pump. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings of this specification. It should be noted that the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] like Figure 1As shown, a self-propelled multi-stage cleaning pepper harvester comprises: a picking platform 1, a bridge conveyor 2 and a vehicle body 16, wherein the picking platform 1 is connected to the bridge conveyor 2 and then installed at the front end of the vehicle body 16, and can rotate around the installation point; the cab 3 is installed above the bridge conveyor 2; the bridge conveyor 2 and the elevator 4, the planetary gear cleaning device 5, the re-picking device 6, the lateral cleaning fan 7, the collecting funnel 8, the cleaning lower conveyor 9, the engine assembly 10, the cleaning rear conveyor 11, the stem pushing auger 12, and the rear cleaning fan 13 constitute the working device of the pepper harvester; the wheel 14 is installed below the vehicle body 16; the grain collecting box 15 is installed at the upper rear of the vehicle body 16; the working device is driven and controlled by a hydraulic system.

[0035] like Figure 2 As shown, the mixed materials harvested by the pepper harvester, including peppers, pepper leaves, and long straws, first pass through the first-level cleaning fan 1.3 of the picking platform 1 to remove a small part of the leaves and other debris from the machine body; other materials enter the planetary wheel cleaning device 5 through the elevator 4, and under the action of the planetary wheel cleaning device 5, most of the long straws and pepper leaves enter the stem pushing auger 12 backward, and then are discharged from the machine; other materials fall freely downward through the collecting funnel 8, pass through the horizontal cleaning fan 7, and under the action of the airflow, the pepper leaves and other impurities move to the right and go out of the machine through the pepper leaf conveying channel 8.1; the remaining peppers and a very small number of impurities under the action of the horizontal cleaning fan 7 fall to the lower cleaning conveyor 9 and are thrown to the grain collecting box 15; during the throwing process, the impurities are discharged from the machine under the action of the rear cleaning fan 13, and the remaining peppers enter the grain collecting box 15.

[0036] like Figure 3 The hydraulic system comprises a hydraulic oil tank 17.1, a picking drum drive motor 17.2, a left picking and conveying drive motor 17.3, a right picking and conveying drive motor 17.4, a cleaning wheel drive motor 17.5, a cleaning fan drive motor 17.6, a fan drive motor speed regulating valve 17.7, a cleaning wheel drive motor speed regulating valve 17.8, a right conveying drive motor speed regulating valve 17.9, a left conveying drive motor speed regulating valve 17.10, a flushing valve 17.11, and a plunger variable pump 17.12; The displacements of the picking drum drive motor 17.2, the left picking conveying drive motor 17.3, the right picking conveying drive motor 17.4, the cleaning wheel drive motor 17.5, and the cleaning fan drive motor 17.6 are all fixed; After the plunger variable pump 17.12 starts working, the hydraulic oil in the high-pressure oil port flows into the oil inlet of the picking drum drive motor 17.2 through the pipeline, and the picking drum drive motor 17.2 starts working. The speed of the picking drum drive motor 17.2 is mainly adjusted by the displacement of the plunger variable pump 17.12; The hydraulic oil at the oil outlet of the picking roller drive motor 17.2 flows into the oil inlet of the left picking and conveying drive motor 17.3 through the pipeline, and the left picking and conveying drive motor 17.3 starts to work. The left conveying drive motor speed regulating valve 17.10 is connected in parallel at both ends of the oil inlet and outlet of the left picking and conveying drive motor 17.3. By increasing or decreasing the diameter of the valve core on the left conveying drive motor speed regulating valve 17.10, the oil inlet amount of the left conveying drive motor speed regulating valve 17.10 will also increase or decrease, and the corresponding rotation speed of the left picking and conveying drive motor 17.3 will also change accordingly; The speed of the right picking and conveying drive motor 17.4 is mainly determined by the diameter of the valve core on the right conveying drive motor speed regulating valve 17.9. By changing the diameter of the valve core on the right conveying drive motor speed regulating valve 17.9, the speed of the right picking and conveying drive motor 17.4 also changes accordingly; The speed of the cleaning wheel drive motor 17.5 is mainly determined by the diameter of the valve core on the cleaning wheel drive motor speed regulating valve 17.8. By changing the diameter of the valve core on the cleaning wheel drive motor speed regulating valve 17.8, the speed of the cleaning wheel drive motor 17.5 also changes accordingly. The speed of the cleaning fan driving motor 17.6 is mainly determined by the diameter of the valve core on the fan driving motor speed regulating valve 17.7. By changing the diameter of the valve core on the fan driving motor speed regulating valve 17.7, the speed of the cleaning fan driving motor 17.6 also changes accordingly; The hydraulic oil at the oil outlet of the cleaning fan drive motor 17.6 and the hydraulic oil at the oil outlet of the fan drive motor speed regulating valve 17.7 are merged through the pipeline and flow into the low-pressure oil port of the plunger variable pump 17.12; A flushing valve 17.11 is connected in parallel to both ends of the high-pressure oil port and the low-pressure oil port of the plunger variable pump 17.12. The function of the flushing valve 17.11 is to keep the closed hydraulic system clean and reduce the temperature of the closed hydraulic system; It should be noted that since the rotational speeds of the left picking and conveying drive motor 17.3, the right picking and conveying drive motor 17.4, the cleaning wheel group drive motor 17.5, and the cleaning fan drive motor 17.6 are affected by the flow rate of the hydraulic oil discharged from the oil outlet of the picking roller drive motor 17.2, it is necessary to first adjust the displacement of the plunger variable pump 17.12 so that the picking roller drive motor 17.2 reaches the target rotational speed, and then adjust the diameters of the valve cores of the left conveying drive motor speed regulating valve 17.10, the right conveying drive motor speed regulating valve 17.9, the cleaning wheel group drive motor speed regulating valve 17.8, and the fan drive motor speed regulating valve 17.7 in turn so that the left picking and conveying drive motor 17.3, the right picking and conveying drive motor 17.4, the cleaning wheel group drive motor 17.5, and the cleaning fan drive motor 17.6 respectively reach the target rotational speeds.

[0037] like Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the picking platform includes a right picking conveyor belt 1.1, a picking roller 1.2, a first-level cleaning fan 1.3 and a left picking conveyor belt 1.4. The picking roller 1.2 is driven by a picking roller driving motor 17.2 to pick peppers, and then throws the materials to the right picking conveyor belt 1.1 and the left picking conveyor belt 1.4. The right picking conveyor belt 1.1 and the left picking conveyor belt 1.4 are driven by the right picking conveying driving motor 17.4 and the left picking conveying driving motor 17.3 respectively to transport the materials to the middle bridge conveyor belt 2.1. During the material throwing process, the first-level cleaning fan 1.3 can discharge a part of the impurities by the suction airflow.

[0038] like Figure 6 As shown, the balancing device 4.2 includes: a right baffle 4.2.1, an upper shell 4.2.2, a balancing baffle 4.2.3 and a left baffle 4.2.4. The upper shell 4.2.2, the right baffle 4.2.1 and the left baffle 4.2.4 constitute the outer shell of the balancing device, and an balancing baffle 4.2.3 is arranged inside. The material transported by the elevator 4 is thrown to the balancing baffle 4.2.3 of the balancing device 4.2 through the internal elevator conveyor belt 4.1, and then the material is distributed to the left and right sides, so that the material is evenly spread and then enters the planetary gear cleaning device 5 for cleaning.

[0039] like Figure 8-Figure 11 As shown: The secondary cleaning device of the pepper harvester includes: a right cleaning wheel support weld 5.1, a cleaning wheel active shaft assembly 5.2, a cleaning wheel shaft I5.3, a cleaning wheel shaft II5.4, a chain 5.5, and a left cleaning wheel support weld 5.6. The cleaning wheel active shaft assembly 5.2 is driven by a cleaning wheel group drive motor 17.5, and the speed is adjustable. The cleaning wheel shaft I5.3 and the cleaning wheel shaft II5.4 are arranged alternately on the left and right with the cleaning wheel active shaft assembly 5.2 as the center, and are driven by the chain 5.5. When working: the material is rotated clockwise by the cleaning wheel shaft II5.4 The material is thrown to the rear of the cleaning device 5. During the backward movement, the pepper and some pepper leaves fall from the gaps of the active shaft assembly 5.2, the cleaning wheel shaft I5.3, and the cleaning wheel shaft II5.4 of the cleaning device, while the pepper stems and a small amount of unpicked peppers on the stems continue to move backward, and the peppers are picked from the stems by the re-picking device 6 and fall from the gaps of the cleaning device at the rear. The long pepper stems continue to move backward to the stem pushing auger 12 behind the planetary wheel cleaning device 5, and the stem pushing auger 12 pushes them to the right side of the whole machine and then discharges them out of the machine. The peppers that fall from the gap of the cleaning device 5 fall into the collection funnel 8.

[0040] The re-picking device 6 comprises: a re-picking fixed tooth engagement member 6.1, a re-picking housing 6.2, a re-picking movable tooth engagement member 6.3, a re-picking gap adjustment plate 6.4, a re-picking height adjustment bolt 6.5 and a re-picking height adjustment nut 6.6; wherein the re-picking fixed tooth engagement member 6.1 is composed of a re-picking fixed tooth mounting plate 6.1.1 and a fixed tooth 6.1.2 and connected by fasteners; the re-picking movable tooth engagement member 6.3 is composed of a re-picking movable tooth active shaft welded 6.3.2 and a movable tooth 6.3.1 and connected by fasteners, and the height between the re-picking device 6 and the cleaning wheel is adjusted by the re-picking gap adjustment bolt 6.5. The section plate 6.4, the re-picking height adjustment bolt 6.5 and the re-picking height adjustment nut 6.6 are adjusted. When working: the material from the balancing device 4.2 enters the cleaning device 5 and is transported backward and passes through the re-picking device 6 under the action of the clockwise rotation of the cleaning wheel shaft I5.3. The re-picking movable toothing part 6.3 also rotates clockwise. When the unpicked peppers pass through the re-picking device 6, the peppers are lifted up under the action of the re-picking movable toothing part 6.3, and the unpicked peppers are re-picked for the second time through the cooperation of the movable teeth 6.3.1 and the fixed teeth 6.1.2.

[0041] like Fig.12 As shown: the three-stage cleaning device includes: a collecting funnel 8, a pepper leaf conveying channel 8.1, a horizontal cleaning fan 7, and a cleaning lower conveyor 9. The peppers falling from the gap of the planetary wheel cleaning device 5 fall into the collecting funnel 8, the materials are gathered and gathered, and then fall downward to the cleaning lower conveyor 9. In the process of falling to the cleaning lower conveyor 9, the pepper leaves are blown away from left to right by the airflow of the horizontal cleaning fan 7, pass through the pepper leaf conveying channel 8.1 and are discharged out of the machine. The peppers and a small amount of pepper leaves falling into the cleaning lower conveyor 9 are transported backward and the materials are thrown to the cleaning rear conveyor 11.

[0042] like Fig.13 As shown: the four-stage cleaning device includes a cleaning rear conveyor 11 and a rear cleaning fan 13. The cleaning rear conveyor 11 throws the material to the grain collecting box 15. During the throwing process, the material is blown away by the airflow of the rear cleaning fan 13. The rear cleaning fan 13 blows the pepper leaves out of the machine, and the peppers are transported to the grain collecting box 15. After the grain collecting box 15 is full of peppers, it can be lifted and turned over for unloading.

[0043] The present invention can solve the problems of poor material separation effect and high impurity rate after the pepper harvester is harvested through the above operation, so that the peppers harvested by the harvester are picked cleanly, the breakage rate is low, and the material impurity rate is low.

[0044] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

[0045] Parts of the present invention not described in detail are prior art.

Claims

1. A self-propelled multi-stage cleaning system pepper harvester, comprising a picking platform (1), an elevator (4), a planetary wheel cleaning device (5), a re-picking device (6), a collecting hopper (8), a transverse cleaning fan (7), a cleaning lower conveyor (9), a rear cleaning fan (13), a stalk pushing auger (12), a vehicle body (16), a grain collecting box (15) and a hydraulic system, wherein: The picking platform (1) is provided with a primary cleaning fan (1.3). The picking platform (1) is connected to a bridge conveyor (2). The bridge conveyor (2) is connected to one end of an elevator (4). The elevator (4) comprises an elevator conveyor belt (4.1) and an equalizing device (4.2). The other end of the elevator (4) is connected to a planetary wheel cleaning device (5). The planetary wheel cleaning device (5) is a secondary cleaning device. A re-picking device (6) is provided on the planetary wheel cleaning device (5). A stem pushing auger (12) is connected to the rear of the planetary wheel cleaning device (5), and the cleaned stems are discharged from the machine through the auger. A collecting funnel (8) is provided below the rear of the planetary wheel cleaning device (5) to collect the materials and then slide them downward. The horizontal cleaning fan (7) is a three-stage cleaning fan, which is arranged on the left side of the whole machine, and blows pepper leaves and impurities to the right side and removes them from the machine body during the falling process of the materials; the partition provided on the upper conveyor belt surface of the cleaning lower conveyor (9) is in the same plane as the lower shell of the horizontal cleaning fan (7), and the cleaned materials fall onto the cleaning lower conveyor (9) and move backward; the cleaning lower conveyor (9) throws the materials to the cleaning rear conveyor (11); The rear cleaning fan (13) is a four-stage cleaning machine, and is arranged at the lower rear side of the cleaning rear conveyor (11) and is placed parallel to it; the grain collecting box (15) is installed on the vehicle body (16) and is arranged at the rear side of the whole machine. The materials passing through the cleaning rear conveyor (11) are finally thrown into the grain collecting box (15), and the grain collecting box (15) can be lifted up and turned over to unload the grain; the above multi-stage cleaning and conveying constitute the working device of the pepper harvester, and the working device is driven and controlled by a hydraulic system; the vehicle body (16) is integrated with a cab (3), an engine assembly (10) and wheels (14).

2. A multi-stage cleaning method for a pepper harvester based on the self-propelled multi-stage cleaning system of claim 1, specifically comprising the following steps: Step 1: The pepper harvester uses the picking platform (1) to harvest the mixed material, which first passes through a first-level cleaning fan (1.3) to remove a small portion of leaves and debris from the machine; Step 2: The remaining materials pass through the bridge conveyor (2) and the elevator (4) and enter the planetary wheel cleaning device (5). Under the action of the planetary wheel shaft group in the planetary wheel cleaning device (5), most of the long stems and pepper leaves are transported backwards into the stem pushing auger (12), and then discharged out of the machine, and the peppers and some impurities fall from the gap between the planetary wheel shafts; Step 3: The falling materials freely fall downward and are gathered through the gathering funnel (8). When passing through the horizontal cleaning fan (7), the pepper leaf impurities are discharged to the right outside the machine under the action of the fan airflow; Step 4: After the remaining peppers and a very small amount of impurities are removed by the fan and fall onto the lower cleaning conveyor (9), they are then thrown into the grain collection box (15) via the rear cleaning conveyor (11); Step 5: During the throwing process, impurities are discharged outside the machine under the action of the rear cleaning fan (13), and the remaining peppers enter the grain collection box (15).

3. The self-propelled multi-stage cleaning system pepper harvester according to claim 1 is characterized by: The first-stage cleaning fan (1.3) is a suction fan, which is used to remove some pepper leaves and fine impurities.

4. The self-propelled multi-stage cleaning system pepper harvester according to claim 1 is characterized by: The elevator (4) is provided with an evenly distributing device (4.2) for evenly distributing the transported materials to the planetary wheel cleaning device (5) to prevent the cleaning wheel shaft from being blocked.

5. The self-propelled multi-stage cleaning system pepper harvester according to claim 1 is characterized by: The planetary wheel cleaning device (5) is equipped with a re-picking device (6), the re-picking device (6) is provided with movable teeth (6.3.1) and fixed teeth (6.1.2), and the height between the re-picking device (6) and the cleaning wheel can be adjusted, so as to perform secondary picking on the peppers that are not picked cleanly on the picking platform (1), thereby reducing the picking loss rate.

6. The self-propelled multi-stage cleaning system pepper harvester according to claim 1 is characterized by: The planetary wheel cleaning device (5) is a planetary wheel shaft combination, which is used to separate the long pepper stems and remove them from the machine, with low cleaning losses.

7. The self-propelled multi-stage cleaning system pepper harvester according to claim 1 is characterized by: The planetary wheel cleaning device (5) is provided with a collecting funnel (8) to collect materials and make them fall to the horizontal cleaning fan (7) for cleaning; the horizontal cleaning fan (7) is arranged on the left side of the whole machine, and the airflow direction is perpendicular to the cleaning and conveying direction of the planetary wheel cleaning device (5).

8. The self-propelled multi-stage cleaning system pepper harvester according to claim 1 is characterized by: The hydraulic system comprises a hydraulic oil tank (17.1), a picking roller drive motor (17.2), a left picking and conveying drive motor (17.3), a right picking and conveying drive motor (17.4), a cleaning wheel drive motor (17.5), a cleaning fan drive motor (17.6), a fan drive motor speed regulating valve (17.7), a cleaning wheel drive motor speed regulating valve (17.8), a right conveying drive motor speed regulating valve (17.9), a left conveying drive motor speed regulating valve (17.10), a flushing valve (17.11) and a plunger variable pump (17.12); The displacements of the picking drum drive motor (17.2), the left picking conveying drive motor (17.3), the right picking conveying drive motor (17.4), the cleaning wheel drive motor (17.5), and the cleaning fan drive motor (17.6) are all fixed; After the plunger variable pump (17.12) starts working, the hydraulic oil at the high-pressure oil port flows into the oil inlet of the picking roller drive motor (17.2) through the pipeline, and the picking roller drive motor (17.2) starts working. The speed of the picking roller drive motor (17.2) is mainly adjusted by the displacement of the plunger variable pump (17.12); The hydraulic oil at the oil outlet of the picking roller drive motor (17.2) flows into the oil inlet of the left picking and conveying drive motor (17.3) through the pipeline, and the left picking and conveying drive motor (17.3) starts to work. The left conveying drive motor speed regulating valve (17.10) is connected in parallel at both ends of the oil inlet and outlet of the left picking and conveying drive motor (17.3). By increasing or decreasing the diameter of the valve core on the left conveying drive motor speed regulating valve (17.10), the oil inlet amount of the left conveying drive motor speed regulating valve (17.10) will also increase or decrease, and the corresponding rotation speed of the left picking and conveying drive motor (17.3) will also change accordingly; The rotation speed of the right picking and conveying drive motor (17.4) is mainly determined by the diameter of the valve core on the right conveying drive motor speed regulating valve (17.9). By changing the diameter of the valve core on the right conveying drive motor speed regulating valve (17.9), the rotation speed of the right picking and conveying drive motor (17.4) also changes accordingly; The rotation speed of the cleaning wheel group driving motor (17.5) is mainly determined by the diameter of the valve core on the cleaning wheel group driving motor speed regulating valve (17.8). By changing the diameter of the valve core on the cleaning wheel group driving motor speed regulating valve (17.8), the rotation speed of the cleaning wheel group driving motor (17.5) is also changed accordingly. The speed of the cleaning fan driving motor (17.6) is mainly determined by the diameter of the valve core on the fan driving motor speed regulating valve (17.7). By changing the diameter of the valve core on the fan driving motor speed regulating valve (17.7), the speed of the cleaning fan driving motor (17.6) is also changed accordingly. The hydraulic oil at the oil outlet of the cleaning fan drive motor (17.6) and the hydraulic oil at the oil outlet of the fan drive motor speed regulating valve (17.7) are merged through the pipeline and flow into the low-pressure oil port of the plunger variable pump (17.12); Flushing valves (17.11) are connected in parallel at both ends of the high-pressure oil port and the low-pressure oil port of the plunger variable pump (17.12). The function of the flushing valve (17.11) is to keep the closed hydraulic system clean and reduce the temperature of the closed hydraulic system.

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