Dietary fiber feed based on apple pomace as well as preparation method and application of dietary fiber feed

Abstract

The preparation method comprises the following steps: carrying out steam explosion treatment on apple pomace, carrying out superfine grinding treatment on brewer's grains, mixing with bran, glutamic acid residues, puffed corn flour and water, adding an enzyme preparation, synchronously inoculating a complex microbial inoculant, ensuring that the bacterial count in an initial material is 0.25-0.35 hundred million cfu / g, and uniformly mixing to obtain the dietary fiber feed based on apple pomace. And uniformly mixing, and fermenting in an incubator at 28-35 DEG C for 5-9 days. The materials are turned over once every 10-14 hours in the first three days of the fermentation process, and water is supplemented to the initial weight. The ratio of the apple pomace to the brewer's grains to the bran to the glutamic acid residues to the puffed corn flour is 35: 35: 8: 4: 2. According to the invention, dietary fibers are modified by combining a physical method, an enzyme method and a multi-microorganism co-fermentation method, so that the content of soluble dietary fibers can be increased, meanwhile, the protein content can be increased in an auxiliary manner, and a plurality of beneficial bacteria also have certain effects in the aspects of improving the palatability of the feed and the health of intestinal tracts.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of feed, and in particular to a dietary fiber feed based on apple pomace, and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Dietary fiber is supplemented and recognized by the nutrition community as the seventh type of nutrient, and is defined as a dietary ingredient that is resistant to mammalian enzyme degradation. According to relevant literature reports, dietary fiber has the functions of regulating the intestinal ecosystem of animals, improving animal constipation, reducing animal stress response, stimulating the secretion of animal reproductive hormones, and improving animal production performance. Total dietary fiber (TDF) is the sum of soluble dietary fiber (SDF) and insoluble dietary fiber (IDF). Studies have shown that IDF can promote intestinal peristalsis and increase feces volume. SDF can be fermented by intestinal flora, regulate the pH value in the intestine, promote the growth and reproduction of beneficial bacteria, and keep the intestinal flora balanced. It is widely used in livestock and poultry farming. At the same time, most studies have shown that SDF has stronger functionality in physiological metabolism, and its good fermentation characteristics play a more effective role in regulating the intestine, and play an important role in exerting the physiological function of dietary fiber. To this end, it is necessary to promote the conversion of IDF in the material to SDF through various processing technologies, so as to improve its physicochemical properties, strengthen its functional properties, and broaden its application field.

[0003] Apple is a plant of the Rosaceae family, rich in crude fiber, fructose, colloids, trace elements and other substances. Apple pomace is a by-product of apple manufacturing and processing, and contains a large amount of dietary fiber. However, since the main component of total dietary fiber in apple pomace prepared by traditional methods is IDF, it is usually regarded as food processing waste, resulting in waste of resources and environmental damage. The main methods for modifying dietary fiber include chemical modification, biotechnology (fermentation and enzyme technology) modification, physical modification, etc., but the effect of a single dietary fiber modification method is limited, and it is generally recommended that combined modification has better effects.

[0004] At present, in livestock and poultry farming, conventional feed or raw materials are lacking or have high costs, while apple pomace, a by-product of apple manufacturing and processing, needs to be treated as waste, which not only causes waste of biomass, but also increases costs. Therefore, how to combine the two, both reusing the discarded apple pomace to reduce costs and increase efficiency, and strengthening the development of high-value-added feed with unconventional raw materials, is the problem to be solved by the present invention. Summary of the invention

[0005] Based on the above description, the present invention provides a dietary fiber feed based on apple pomace and a preparation method and application thereof, in order to solve the problem that conventional feed or raw materials are missing or costly, while apple pomace, a by-product of apple manufacturing and processing, needs to be disposed of as waste, which not only causes waste of biomass but also increases costs.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above technical problems is as follows:

[0007] A dietary fiber feed based on apple pomace, comprising feed auxiliary materials containing apple pomace, enzyme preparations, and composite bacterial agents, wherein the feed auxiliary materials, enzyme preparations, and composite bacterial agents are fully mixed and then fermented to obtain a dietary fiber feed based on apple pomace;

[0008] The composite bacterial agent at least includes spherical lysinibacillus;

[0009] The spherical lysine Bacillus (Lysinibacillus sphaericus) LD-LS-156 is preserved in the China Type Culture Collection of Wuhan University, with the preservation number CCTCC M2023775 and the preservation date 2023-05-17.

[0010] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can also be improved as follows:

[0011] Furthermore, the composite bacterial agent also includes Aspergillus niger and Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

[0012] Furthermore, the enzyme preparation includes at least one of cellulase and pectinase.

[0013] Furthermore, the feed supplementary material also includes at least one of brewer's grains, bran, glutamic acid residues, and puffed corn flour.

[0014] Furthermore, in terms of mass fraction, the ratio of apple pomace: brewer's grains: bran: glutamic acid residue: puffed corn flour: water is 35: (30-40): (6-10): (3-5): (1.5-2.5): (16-17.5).

[0015] Preferably, the ratio of apple pomace: brewer's grains: bran: glutamic acid residue: puffed corn flour is 35:35:8:4:2 by mass.

[0016] Furthermore, in terms of mass fraction, the ratio of cellulase to pectinase is 7:(2.5-3.5).

[0017] Preferably, the ratio of cellulase to pectinase is 7:3 by mass.

[0018] Furthermore, in terms of mass fraction, the ratio of Aspergillus niger to Saccharomyces cerevisiae to Lysinibacillus sphaeroides is 1:(0.8-1.2):(0.8-1.2).

[0019] Preferably, the ratio of Aspergillus niger: Saccharomyces cerevisiae: Lysinibacillus sphaeroides is 1:1:1 by mass.

[0020] The present invention also provides a method for preparing a dietary fiber feed based on apple pomace:

[0021] The method for preparing a dietary fiber feed based on apple pomace as described in any of the above items comprises the following steps: firstly subjecting the apple pomace to steam explosion treatment, and then subjecting the brewer's grains to ultrafine grinding treatment and mixing with bran, glutamic acid residue, puffed corn flour, and water, adding an enzyme preparation, and simultaneously introducing a composite bacterial agent to ensure that the bacterial count in the initial material is 25 to 35 million cfu / g, and then placing the mixture in an incubator at 28 to 35°C for fermentation for 5 to 9 days.

[0022] Preferably, the bacterial count in the initial material is ensured to be 30 million cfu / g (dry basis), and after being mixed evenly, the material is placed in a 30°C incubator for fermentation for 7 days.

[0023] Furthermore, during the first three days of the fermentation process, the material was turned over every 10 to 14 hours and water was added to the initial weight.

[0024] Furthermore, the added amount of the enzyme preparation is (0.01-0.012) wt% of the total mass of the feed auxiliary materials mixed with water.

[0025] Preferably, the enzyme preparation is added in an amount of 0.01 wt % of the total mass of the feed supplementary material mixed with water.

[0026] Furthermore, the apple pomace is pretreated before fermentation, and the pretreatment method of the apple pomace is as follows: the dried apple pomace is crushed, sieved, put into a gas explosion tank, saturated steam is introduced, the ball valve is opened, and the material is sprayed into a normal pressure receiver for standby use.

[0027] Furthermore, the tank pressure of the gas explosion tank is 0.8-1.5MPa, which is maintained for 4-6min.

[0028] Preferably, the tank pressure of the gas explosion tank is 0.8-1.5 MPa and maintained for 4 minutes.

[0029] Furthermore, the spherical lysine Bacillus needs to be activated before fermentation, and the activation method is: a loop of the spherical lysine Bacillus is inoculated into LB liquid culture medium at 35±2°C and shaken for activation for 16-20 hours to prepare a primary seed solution, and then inoculated and cultured at an inoculum amount of 0.8-1.1wt% for 22-26 hours for use.

[0030] Preferably, the primary seed solution is prepared by activating in a shake flask at 35° C. for 18 h, and then inoculated and cultured at an inoculum amount of 1 wt % for 24 h for use.

[0031] Furthermore, the feed prepared by the method can increase crude protein and soluble dietary fiber from 13.57wt% and 9.86wt% before fermentation to 20.02wt% and 14.99wt% after fermentation, and reduce insoluble dietary fiber from 37.45wt% before fermentation to 31.05wt% after fermentation.

[0032] Furthermore, the brewer's grains are pretreated before fermentation, and the brewer's grains pretreatment method is: put the air-dried brewer's grains into a crushing box, cover the lid, start the machine to crush into powdery materials, and set aside.

[0033] The apple pomace-based dietary fiber feed described in any of the above items is used as pig feed. After feeding the feed, the average daily weight gain of the pigs is 638.80 g, the average feed intake is 1241.55 kg, and the average feed-to-meat ratio is 1.94.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0035] The unconventional feed raw materials used are apple pomace and brewer's grains, which are cheap, widely available, and contain a large amount of exploitable nutrients.

[0036] The combined use of physical, enzymatic and multi-microbial fermentation methods to modify the dietary fiber helps to increase the soluble dietary fiber content and assist in increasing the protein content. A variety of beneficial bacteria also have certain effects in increasing the palatability of feed and intestinal health.

[0037] The materials are fermented with a microbial composite agent, one of which is a spherical lysine Bacillus obtained through preliminary laboratory screening. It can produce a variety of hydrolytic enzymes, especially cellulase, which can effectively degrade macromolecules such as crude fiber and protein in apple pomace. It also has antibacterial effects and can effectively inhibit diarrhea, infection and other problems caused by pathogenic bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Salmonella in the animal intestines.

[0038] When this strain is compounded with Aspergillus niger and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, it can act on materials to degrade them into small molecular active substances, enrich the dietary structure of the fed animals and improve palatability; at the same time, the microorganisms colonize in the intestines, inhibit harmful bacteria and promote beneficial bacteria, regulate the structure of intestinal flora, improve intestinal health, stabilize the intestinal environment, and thus promote the body's digestion and absorption of nutrients. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to facilitate understanding of the present application, the present application will be described more comprehensively below. The present application can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the disclosure of the present application more thorough and comprehensive.

[0040] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used herein in the specification of this application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application.

[0041] A dietary fiber feed based on apple pomace, comprising feed auxiliary materials containing apple pomace, enzyme preparations, and composite bacterial agents, wherein the feed auxiliary materials, enzyme preparations, and composite bacterial agents are fully mixed and then fermented to obtain a dietary fiber feed based on apple pomace;

[0042] The composite bacterial agent at least includes spherical lysinibacillus;

[0043] The spherical lysinibacillus (Lysinibacillus sphaericus) LD-LS-156 is preserved in the Chinese Center for Type Culture Collection of Wuhan University with a preservation number of CCTCC M2023775.

[0044] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can also be improved as follows:

[0045] Furthermore, the composite bacterial agent also includes Aspergillus niger and Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

[0046] Furthermore, the enzyme preparation includes at least one of cellulase and pectinase.

[0047] Furthermore, the feed supplementary material also includes at least one of brewer's grains, bran, glutamic acid residues, and puffed corn flour.

[0048] Furthermore, in terms of mass fraction, the ratio of apple pomace: brewer's grains: bran: glutamic acid residue: puffed corn flour: water is 35: (30-40): (6-10): (3-5): (1.5-2.5): (16-17.5).

[0049] Preferably, the ratio of apple pomace: brewer's grains: bran: glutamic acid residue: puffed corn flour is 35:35:8:4:2.

[0050] Furthermore, the feed auxiliary material also includes water. Calculated by weight, the ratio of apple pomace: brewer's grains: bran: glutamic acid residue: puffed corn flour: water is 35: (30-40): (6-10): (3-5): (1.5-2.5): (14-18).

[0051] Furthermore, in terms of mass fraction, the ratio of apple pomace: brewer's grains: bran: glutamic acid residue: puffed corn flour: water is 35:35:8:4:2:16.

[0052] Furthermore, the feed auxiliary material also includes water. Calculated by weight, the ratio of apple pomace: brewer's grains: bran: glutamic acid residue: puffed corn flour: water is 35: (30-40): (6-10): (3-5): (1.5-2.5): (14-18).

[0053] Furthermore, in terms of mass fraction, the ratio of apple pomace: brewer's grains: bran: glutamic acid residue: puffed corn flour: water is 35:35:8:4:2:16.

[0054] Furthermore, in terms of mass fraction, the ratio of cellulase to pectinase is 7:(2.5-3.5).

[0055] Preferably, the ratio of cellulase to pectinase is 7:3 by mass.

[0056] Furthermore, in terms of mass fraction, the ratio of Aspergillus niger to Saccharomyces cerevisiae to Lysinibacillus sphaeroides is 1:(0.8-1.2):(0.8-1.2).

[0057] Preferably, the ratio of Aspergillus niger: Saccharomyces cerevisiae: Lysinibacillus sphaeroides is 1:1:1 by mass.

[0058] The present invention also provides a method for preparing a dietary fiber feed based on apple pomace:

[0059] The method for preparing a dietary fiber feed based on apple pomace as described in any of the above items comprises the following steps: firstly subjecting the apple pomace to steam explosion treatment, and then subjecting the brewer's grains to ultrafine grinding treatment and mixing with bran, glutamic acid residue, puffed corn flour, and water, adding an enzyme preparation, and simultaneously introducing a composite bacterial agent to ensure that the bacterial count in the initial material is 25 to 35 million cfu / g, and then placing the mixture in an incubator at 28 to 35°C for fermentation for 5 to 9 days.

[0060] Preferably, the bacterial count in the initial material is ensured to be 30 million cfu / g (dry basis), and after being mixed evenly, the material is placed in a 30°C incubator for fermentation for 7 days.

[0061] Furthermore, during the first three days of the fermentation process, the material was turned over every 10 to 14 hours and water was added to the initial weight.

[0062] Furthermore, the added amount of the enzyme preparation is (0.01-0.012) wt% of the total mass of the feed auxiliary materials mixed with water.

[0063] Preferably, the enzyme preparation is added in an amount of 0.01 wt % of the total mass of the feed supplementary material mixed with water.

[0064] Furthermore, the apple pomace is pretreated before fermentation, and the pretreatment method of the apple pomace is as follows: the dried apple pomace is crushed, sieved, put into a gas explosion tank, saturated steam is introduced, the ball valve is opened, and the material is sprayed into a normal pressure receiver for standby use.

[0065] Furthermore, the tank pressure of the gas explosion tank is 0.8-1.5MPa, which is maintained for 4-6min.

[0066] Preferably, the tank pressure of the gas explosion tank is 0.8-1.5 MPa and maintained for 4 minutes.

[0067] Furthermore, the spherical lysine Bacillus needs to be activated before fermentation, and the activation method is: a loop of the spherical lysine Bacillus is inoculated into LB liquid culture medium at 35±2°C and shaken for activation for 16-20 hours to prepare a primary seed solution, and then inoculated and cultured at an inoculum amount of 0.8-1.1wt% for 22-26 hours for use.

[0068] Preferably, the primary seed solution is prepared by activating in a shake flask at 35° C. for 18 h, and then inoculated and cultured at an inoculum amount of 1 wt % for 24 h for use.

[0069] Furthermore, the feed prepared by the method can increase crude protein and soluble dietary fiber from 13.57wt% and 9.86wt% before fermentation to 20.02wt% and 14.99wt% after fermentation, and reduce insoluble dietary fiber from 37.45wt% before fermentation to 31.05wt% after fermentation.

[0070] Furthermore, the brewer's grains are pretreated before fermentation, and the brewer's grains pretreatment method is: put the air-dried brewer's grains into a crushing box, cover the lid, start the machine to crush into powdery materials, and set aside.

[0071] The apple pomace-based dietary fiber feed described in any of the above items is used as pig feed. After feeding the feed, the average daily weight gain of the pigs is 638.80 g, the average feed intake is 1241.55 kg, and the average feed-to-meat ratio is 1.94.

[0072] Bacteria

[0073] Sphaericus lysinibacillus: Its classification name is sphaericus lysinibacillus (Lysinibacillus sphaericus) LD-LS-156, laboratory preliminary screening, and the preservation number is CCTCC M 2023775.

[0074] Saccharomyces cerevisiae: purchased from Angel Yeast Co., Ltd., 20 billion cfu / g;

[0075] Aspergillus niger: purchased from Jiangsu Yuyuan Biotechnology Co., Ltd., 5 billion cfu / g.

[0076] raw material

[0077] Brewer's grains: purchased from Tsingtao Brewery Co., Ltd.

[0078] Apple pomace: Purchased

[0079] Glutamic acid residue: provided by a food ingredient manufacturer in Heze, Hebei Province

[0080] Bran: Purchased

[0081] Puffed corn flour: Purchased

[0082] Cellulase: purchased from Weilan Biotechnology Co., Ltd., 10,000 U / g

[0083] Pectinase: purchased from Weilan Biotechnology Co., Ltd., 50,000 U / g

[0084] Bacteria activation method

[0085] The spherical lysine Bacillus was isolated and purified in the laboratory in the early stage and stored on a slant. One loop of the spherical lysine Bacillus was inoculated into LB liquid medium (tryptone 10g / L, yeast extract 5g / L, sodium chloride 10g / L, 5mol / L NaOH to adjust the pH to 7.0, and dilute to 1L with deionized water, high pressure 121℃ for 20min) and activated on a shaking table at 37℃ for 18h to prepare the primary seed solution, and then inoculated and cultured at 1wt% inoculation amount for 24h.

[0086] Raw material pretreatment method

[0087] Apple pomace (steam explosion): dry the apple pomace → crush → sieve → put into the gas explosion tank → introduce saturated steam (tank pressure 0.8-1.5MPa, maintain for 4min) → open the ball valve → spray the material into the normal pressure receiver for standby use;

[0088] Brewer's grains (ultrafine grinding): put the air-dried brewer's grains into the grinding box → cover the lid → turn on the machine to grind → powdery material, set aside.

[0089] Example 1

[0090] Feed auxiliary materials: by weight, apple pomace: brewer's grains: bran: glutamic acid residue: puffed corn flour: water is 35:35:8:4:2:16;

[0091] Enzyme preparation: by weight, cellulase: pectinase is 7:3;

[0092] Composite bacterial agent: by mass, the ratio of Aspergillus niger: Saccharomyces cerevisiae: spherical lysine Bacillus is 1:1:1.

[0093] The apple pomace is first subjected to steam explosion treatment, and the brewer's grains are ultrafinely ground and then mixed with bran, glutamic acid residue, puffed corn flour and water in the mass proportion of 35:35:8:4:2:16. The enzyme preparation is added at 0.01wt% of the feed auxiliary material (cellulase: pectinase is 7:3), and the composite bacterial agent is simultaneously connected to ensure that the initial bacterial count is 30 million cfu / g (dry basis). The feed auxiliary materials, enzyme preparation and composite bacterial agent are fully mixed and loaded into a fermentation box, and placed in a 30°C incubator for fermentation for 7 days. The material is turned over every 12 hours for the first three days of the fermentation process, and water is added to the initial weight.

[0094] After the fermentation is completed, the sample is dried in an oven and then crushed through a 60-mesh sieve to obtain a dietary fiber feed based on apple pomace.

[0095] After fermentation, the changes in sample nutritional indicators are as follows:

[0096] Before fermentation: crude protein 13.57wt%, crude fat 1.67wt%, soluble dietary fiber 9.86wt%, insoluble dietary fiber 37.45wt%;

[0097] After fermentation: crude protein 20.02wt%, crude fat 1.85wt%, soluble dietary fiber 14.99wt%, insoluble dietary fiber 31.05wt%.

[0098] Example 2

[0099] Feed auxiliary materials: by weight, apple pomace: brewer's grains: bran: glutamic acid residue: puffed corn flour: water is 35:40:6:3:1.5:14.5;

[0100] Enzyme preparation: by weight, cellulase: pectinase is 7:3.5;

[0101] Composite bacterial agent: By mass proportion, the ratio of Aspergillus niger: Saccharomyces cerevisiae: spherical lysine Bacillus is 1:1.2:1.2.

[0102] The apple pomace is first subjected to steam explosion treatment, and the brewer's grains are ultrafinely ground and then mixed with bran, glutamic acid residue, puffed corn flour, and water in the mass proportion of 35:40:6:3:1.5:14.5. The enzyme preparation is added at 0.012wt% of the feed auxiliary material (cellulase: pectinase is 7:3.5), and the composite bacterial agent is simultaneously added to ensure that the initial bacterial count is 35 million cfu / g (dry basis). The feed auxiliary materials, enzyme preparation, and composite bacterial agent are fully mixed and loaded into a fermentation box, and placed in a 35°C incubator for fermentation for 9 days. The material is turned over every 14 hours for the first three days of the fermentation process, and water is added to the initial weight.

[0103] After the fermentation is completed, the sample is dried in an oven and then crushed through a 60-mesh sieve to obtain a dietary fiber feed based on apple pomace.

[0104] After fermentation, the changes in sample nutritional indicators are as follows:

[0105] Before fermentation: crude protein 14.24wt%, crude fat 1.99wt%, soluble dietary fiber 10.03wt%, insoluble dietary fiber 36.29wt%;

[0106] After fermentation: crude protein 17.22wt%, crude fat 2.01wt%, soluble dietary fiber 9.92wt%, insoluble dietary fiber 37.12wt%. The reason why soluble dietary fiber is slightly reduced is mainly considered to be experimental error.

[0107] Example 3

[0108] Feed auxiliary materials: by weight, apple pomace: brewer's grains: bran: glutamic acid residue: puffed corn flour: water is 35:30:10:5:2.5:17.5;

[0109] Enzyme preparation: by weight, cellulase: pectinase is 7:2.5;

[0110] Composite bacterial agent: By mass proportion, the ratio of Aspergillus niger: Saccharomyces cerevisiae: spherical lysine Bacillus is 1:0.8:0.8.

[0111] The apple pomace was first subjected to steam explosion treatment, and the brewer's grains were ultrafinely ground and then mixed with bran, glutamic acid residue, puffed corn flour and water in the mass proportion of 35:30:10:5:2.5:17.5. The enzyme preparation was added at 0.011wt% of the feed auxiliary material (cellulase: pectinase was 7:2.5), and the composite bacterial agent was simultaneously added to ensure that the initial bacterial count was 25 million cfu / g (dry basis). The feed auxiliary materials, enzyme preparation and composite bacterial agent were fully mixed and loaded into a fermentation box, and placed in an incubator at 28°C for fermentation for 5 days. The material was turned over every 10 hours for the first three days of the fermentation process, and water was added to the initial weight.

[0112] After the fermentation is completed, the sample is dried in an oven and then crushed through a 60-mesh sieve to obtain a dietary fiber feed based on apple pomace.

[0113] After fermentation, the changes in sample nutritional indicators are as follows:

[0114] Before fermentation: crude protein 12.22wt%, crude fat 1.37wt%, soluble dietary fiber 11.21wt%, insoluble dietary fiber 35.98wt%;

[0115] After fermentation: crude protein 14.42wt%, crude fat 1.55wt%, soluble dietary fiber 12.66wt%, insoluble dietary fiber 35.96%.

[0116] Comparative Example 1

[0117] This comparative example is basically the same as Example 1, except that the spherical lysinibacillus of the present invention: its classification name is spherical lysinibacillus (Lysinibacillus sphaericus) LD-LS-156, laboratory preliminary screening, and the deposit number is CCTCC M 2023775, which is replaced by a commercially purchased Bacillus (manufacturer: Shandong Weilan Biotechnology Co., Ltd., bacterial count: 100 billion cfu / g).

[0118] After fermentation, the changes in sample nutritional indicators are as follows:

[0119] Before fermentation: crude protein 13.57wt%, crude fat 1.67wt%, soluble dietary fiber 9.86wt%, insoluble dietary fiber 37.45wt%;

[0120] After fermentation: crude protein 14.33wt%, crude fat 1.72wt%, soluble dietary fiber 8.65wt%, insoluble dietary fiber 37.99wt%. The reason for the increase in insoluble dietary fiber is mainly due to experimental error.

[0121] Comparative Example 2

[0122] This comparative example is basically the same as Example 1, except that apple pomace and brewer's grains are directly added without any treatment.

[0123] After fermentation, the changes in sample nutritional indicators are as follows:

[0124] Before fermentation: crude protein 12.75wt%, crude fat 1.55wt%, soluble dietary fiber 9.86wt%, insoluble dietary fiber 37.45wt%;

[0125] After fermentation: crude protein 14.33wt%, crude fat 1.72wt%, soluble dietary fiber 8.65wt%, insoluble dietary fiber 37.99wt%. The reason for the increase in insoluble dietary fiber is mainly due to experimental error.

[0126] Animal feeding experiments

[0127] To further study the effects of adding the feed additives prepared in Example 1, Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 to feed on three-way hybrid nursery pigs, the following experiment was conducted at a pig farm in Bozhou City, Anhui Province.

[0128] 420 healthy three-way crossbred nursery pigs with similar body weight (20±1kg) were selected (pre-feeding period started at 48 days old, and the main test period started at 55 days old), and randomly divided into 4 groups, 3 replicates in each group, 35 pigs in each replicate, and male and female were randomized. The control group was fed a basic diet, and the test groups 1, 2, and 3 were supplemented with 1.5% of the feed additives prepared in Example 1, Comparative Example 1, and Comparative Example 2 on the basis of the basic diet. The basic diet was prepared with reference to the nutritional requirements of NRC (2012) and the actual growth conditions of the pig farm. The pre-feeding period was 7 days, and the formal test period was 28 days.

[0129] Before the start of the experiment, the pig house was strictly disinfected. The pig house was a 1 / 2 slatted ...

[0130] At the end of feeding, the fasting body weight, feed consumption and feces sensory information of each group of repeated pigs were statistically analyzed, and their growth performance (average daily gain (ADG), average feed intake (ADFI), feed-to-meat ratio (F / G)) and digestion and absorption were analyzed.

[0131] Average daily weight gain (ADG) (g) = (average weight at the end of the experiment - average weight at the beginning of the experiment) / number of days of experiment; feed intake (ADFI) (kg) = average feed consumption during the experiment / average number of pigs in each experimental group; feed-to-meat ratio (F / G) = average feed consumption during the experiment / weight gain.

[0132] The specific results are as follows:

[0133] Table 1 Statistics of daily weight gain, feed intake and feed-to-meat ratio of each group

[0134] Group Average daily weight gain per group (g) Average feed intake per group (kg) Average feed to meat ratio Comparison 634.21 1288.75 2.03 Test 1 638.80 1241.55 1.94 Test 2 609.22 1292.72 2.12 Test 3 620.05 1263.99 2.03

[0135] Under the same feeding conditions, the average daily weight gain of Experiment 1 and the control group was higher than that of Experiments 2 and 3. The average daily weight gain of the control group and Experiment 1 was at a similar level, but the average feed-to-meat ratio of Experiment 1 was the lowest, indicating that the feed conversion rate of Experiment 1 was the highest. The average daily weight gain of Experiment 2 was the lowest, and the average feed-to-meat ratio was the highest, indicating that the feed conversion rate of Experiment 2 was poor. Similarly, the feed conversion rate of Experiment 3 was similar to that of the control group.

[0136] Table 2 Sensory status of feces in each group

[0137]

[0138] As can be seen from the above table, the stools of Test 1 and the control group have basically the same sensory feel, and are uniformly light brown and well-formed, indicating that the nutrient absorption of the material in Test 1 is good; while the stools of Tests 2 and 3 are yellow and slightly soft or hard, indicating that the material may be excessive or incompletely digested.

[0139] In summary, the materials in Experiment 1 can help reduce the feed-to-meat ratio of nursery pigs, reduce the feed intake of pigs within the normal range, and improve the feed conversion rate. The materials in Experiments 2 and 3 are the opposite.

[0140] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dietary fiber feed based on apple pomace, characterized in that: The invention comprises feed auxiliary materials containing apple pomace, enzyme preparations and compound bacterial agents, wherein the feed auxiliary materials, enzyme preparations and compound bacterial agents are fully mixed and then fermented to obtain dietary fiber feed based on apple pomace; The composite bacterial agent at least includes spherical lysinibacillus; The spherical lysinibacillus (Lysinibacillus sphaericus) LD-LS-156 is preserved in the Chinese Center for Type Culture Collection of Wuhan University with a preservation number of CCTCC M2023775.

2. The dietary fiber feed based on apple pomace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composite bacterial agent also includes Aspergillus niger and Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

3. The dietary fiber feed based on apple pomace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The enzyme preparation comprises at least one of cellulase and pectinase.

4. The dietary fiber feed based on apple pomace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feed supplementary material also includes at least one of brewer's grains, bran, glutamic acid residues and puffed corn flour.

5. The dietary fiber feed based on apple pomace according to claim 1, characterized in that: By mass fraction, The ratio of apple pomace: brewer's grains: bran: glutamic acid residue: puffed corn flour: water is 35: (30-40): (6-10): (3-5): (1.5-2.5): (16-17.5); And / or, the ratio of cellulase:pectinase is 7:(2.5-3.5); And / or, the ratio of Aspergillus niger: Saccharomyces cerevisiae: Lysinibacillus sphaeroides is 1:(0.8-1.2):(0.8-1.2).

6. The method for preparing a dietary fiber feed based on apple pomace according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The apple pomace is first subjected to steam explosion treatment, the brewer's grains are ultrafinely crushed and then mixed with bran, glutamic acid residue, puffed corn flour and water, enzyme preparations are added, and composite bacterial agents are simultaneously introduced to ensure that the bacterial count in the initial material is 25 to 35 million cfu / g. After mixing evenly, the material is placed in an incubator at 28 to 35°C for fermentation for 5 to 9 days. The material is turned over every 10 to 14 hours for the first three days of the fermentation process, and water is added to the initial weight.

7. The method for preparing a dietary fiber feed based on apple pomace according to claim 6, characterized in that: The added amount of the enzyme preparation is (0.01-0.012) wt% of the total mass of the feed auxiliary materials mixed with water.

8. The method for preparing a dietary fiber feed based on apple pomace according to claim 6, characterized in that: The apple pomace is pretreated before fermentation, and the pretreatment method of the apple pomace is as follows: the dried apple pomace is crushed, sieved, put into a gas explosion tank, saturated steam is introduced, a ball valve is opened, and the material is sprayed into a normal pressure receiving device for standby use; The tank pressure of the gas explosion tank is 0.8-1.5MPa, which is maintained for 4-6min.

9. The method for preparing a dietary fiber feed based on apple pomace according to claim 6, characterized in that: The spherical lysine Bacillus needs to be activated before fermentation. The activation method is: inoculate a loop of the spherical lysine Bacillus slant into LB liquid culture medium and shake flask at 35±2°C for 16-20 hours to prepare a primary seed solution, and then inoculate and culture at an inoculation amount of 0.8-1.1wt% for 22-26 hours for use.

10. The dietary fiber feed based on apple pomace according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is used as pig feed, characterized in that: After feeding this feed, the average daily weight gain of the pigs was 638.80g, the average feed intake was 1241.55kg, and the average feed-to-meat ratio was 1.94.

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