Pre-welding gap treatment and laser wire filling welding method for aluminum-silicon special-layer steel plate

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of welding, and particularly relates to a method for pre-welding gap treatment and laser wire filling welding of an aluminum-silicon special-layer steel plate. The method for treating the pre-welding gap of the aluminum-silicon special-layer steel plate through the reserved gap protrusions comprises the following steps that S1, an arcing convex lug and / or an arc stopping convex lug are / is reserved on the outer side of the end of a first to-be-welded face of at least one to-be-welded part, S2, the gap protrusions are arranged on the butt joint face of the arcing convex lug and / or the butt joint face of the arc stopping convex lug, and the gap protrusions are arranged on the butt joint face of the arc stopping convex lug and / or the butt joint face of the arc stopping convex lug. The gap protrusions protrude out of the first to-be-welded face, S3, the gap protrusions of the arc starting lug butt joint face and / or the arc stopping lug butt joint face abut against the second to-be-welded face, and S4, wire filling welding is conducted between the first to-be-welded face and the second to-be-welded face. According to the method, only slight change is needed in the laser cutting procedure, the method is simple and easy, the function of reserving the gap can be achieved, and the splicing gap is good in consistency and stability. And compared with an existing clamp reserving mode, the advantages are obvious.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of welding, and in particular relates to a method for pre-welding gap processing and laser wire-filling welding of aluminum-silicon special layer steel plates. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, China's automobile industry has developed rapidly, and consumers have put forward higher and higher requirements for automobiles. Cruising range, lightweight and safety are key technical innovation points. Hot-formed steel plates are increasingly used in automobile body parts due to their excellent performance and characteristics. They can not only reduce weight, but also withstand greater loads and impact forces, especially safety structural parts such as automobile A-pillars, B-pillars and door rings.

[0003] Hot forming refers to a metal processing technology that uses the characteristics of sheet material softening at high temperature to form, and quickly cools it in a stamping die with a cooling passage, so that the soft phase structure of the sheet material is quickly transformed into a hard phase structure. Aluminum-silicon coated hot forming steel, that is, aluminum-silicon coated hot forming steel, is a hot forming steel with a hot-dip Al-Si coating on the surface. Aluminum-silicon coated hot forming steel has the advantages that the aluminum-silicon coating can inhibit the oxidation and decarburization of the welded plate during hot forming, has good surface quality, and can provide protection during service. At the same time, the hot forming process of the welded plate enables the parts to have extremely high strength while obtaining the target shape, so it has a wide range of uses. In particular, laser-welded aluminum-silicon coated hot forming steel not only has the characteristics of laser welding seams, narrow heat-affected zones, and small deformation when welding thin plates, but also makes the welded plate have extremely high strength, and is widely used in automobile body reinforcement structural parts.

[0004] Some companies in the market use laser stripping of the surface coating of hot-formed steel plates, or use steel brushes to eliminate the impact of aluminum on welds. This method requires an additional stripping process. The equipment for the stripping process is expensive, has high maintenance costs, and is not competitive in the market.

[0005] In order to achieve a weld joint with good tensile strength and yield strength, a special welding wire is needed to offset the effect of the aluminum-silicon coating on the weld. At the same time, in order to allow the welding wire to be more fully integrated into the weld and minimize the integration of the aluminum-silicon coating into the weld, a certain gap needs to be reserved when splicing the plates, leaving a gap of approximately 0.1mm-0.5mm.

[0006] Regarding the method of reserving gaps, the conventional approach is to directly splice the plates through a servo electromagnet fixture, and then automatically open the gap through a servo-controlled fixture, or to identify the splicing gap through visual photography, and use a servo motion mechanism to drive the plates to automatically adjust the splicing gap so that the gap between the plates reaches a preset size. This solution has the following disadvantages: 1. The existing method of adjusting the gap through a fixture requires the adsorption magnet to be installed on the servo motion structure, and even requires visual recognition to determine whether the final reserved gap is qualified. This adjustment method has complex fixtures, errors in recognition, and is inconvenient to adjust.

[0007] 2. The method of adjusting the gap by a fixture takes a certain amount of time, which prolongs the overall production cycle and affects production efficiency.

[0008] 3. The method of adjusting the gap of the fixture greatly increases the cost of the fixture, and the production, manufacturing and debugging cycles will be greatly prolonged, which restricts the equipment production cycle.

[0009] 4. The gap adjustment fixture is bulky, requires maintenance in the later stage, and is prone to failure. The gap adjustment fixture has high requirements on the operator, and requires certain experience in automated debugging operations, which increases labor costs. Summary of the invention

[0010] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides the following solutions: The method for processing the gap before welding of aluminum-silicon special layer steel plate by reserving gap protrusions comprises the following steps: S1. An arc starting lug and / or an arc closing lug are reserved outside the end of the first surface to be welded of at least one workpiece to be welded, and the arc starting lug butt joint surface of the arc starting lug and the arc closing lug butt joint surface of the arc closing lug are both flush with the first surface to be welded, and the first surface to be welded is used to face the second surface to be welded of another workpiece to be welded and used for welding. S2, a gap protrusion is provided on the arc starting lug butt joint surface and / or the arc closing lug butt joint surface, wherein the gap protrusion protrudes from the first surface to be welded, and the thickness of the gap protrusion is 0.05-0.5 mm, S3, the first surface to be welded is placed opposite to the second surface to be welded and the gap protrusion of the arc starting lug butt joint surface and / or the arc ending lug butt joint surface abuts against the second surface to be welded, S4, performing filler wire welding between the first surface to be welded and the second surface to be welded.

[0011] In some embodiments, the thickness of the plate of the workpiece to be welded is 0.5-4 mm.

[0012] In some embodiments, the gap protrusion is a round protrusion or a square protrusion.

[0013] In some embodiments, the arc starting lug and the arc ending lug are both reserved during cutting; the gap protrusion is also reserved during cutting.

[0014] In some embodiments, after step S5, the arc starting lug and the arc ending lug are cut off.

[0015] In some embodiments, the gap protrusion has a thickness of 0.1 to 0.5 mm.

[0016] The method for reserving gap before welding of aluminum-silicon special layer steel plate includes the following steps: S1. Bevel the welding edge of the workpiece to be welded so that the cut section forms a bevel angle with the surface of the plate to form a bevel cut section, and the bevel angle is 74-84°; S2. Arrange the oblique sections of the two parts to be welded opposite to each other, and make the tips of the two oblique sections abut against each other, and the distance W1 between the obtuse ends of the two oblique sections is 0.21-0.4 mm; S3. Perform wire welding on two obliquely cut sections.

[0017] In some embodiments, the two oblique cut surfaces form a V-shaped gap; the V-shaped gap includes an angle a of 12 to 32 degrees.

[0018] In the present disclosure, only a slight change is needed in the laser cutting program, which is simple and easy to realize the function of reserving gaps, and the splicing gap has good consistency and stability. Compared with the existing fixture reservation method, the advantages are obvious. In addition, by adjusting the parameters during the laser cutting process, or by adjusting the offset of the incident angle of the cutting laser, the cutting section forms a certain angle with the surface of the plate, that is, a sloped cutting section is formed. This gap reservation method has obvious advantages. The gap reservation can be realized only by adjusting the parameters or the cutting head angle offset, and it hardly increases the process or labor cost, nor does it increase the cutting cycle. It is economical and practical. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 Reserve the shape diagram for the arc starting lug and arc ending lug, Figure 2~3 The different morphological diagrams of the gap bulge; Figure 4 This is the welding status diagram. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0021] The method for processing the gap before welding of aluminum-silicon special layer steel plate by reserving gap protrusions comprises the following steps: S1. An arc starting lug and / or an arc closing lug are reserved outside the end of the first surface to be welded of at least one workpiece to be welded, and the arc starting lug butt joint surface of the arc starting lug and the arc closing lug butt joint surface of the arc closing lug are both flush with the first surface to be welded, and the first surface to be welded is used to face the second surface to be welded of another workpiece to be welded and used for welding. S2, a gap protrusion is provided on the arc starting lug butt joint surface and / or the arc closing lug butt joint surface, wherein the gap protrusion protrudes from the first surface to be welded, and the thickness of the gap protrusion is 0.05-0.5 mm, S3, the first surface to be welded is placed opposite to the second surface to be welded and the gap protrusion of the arc starting lug butt joint surface and / or the arc ending lug butt joint surface abuts against the second surface to be welded, S4, performing filler wire welding between the first surface to be welded and the second surface to be welded.

[0022] In some embodiments, the thickness of the plate of the workpiece to be welded is 0.5-4 mm.

[0023] In some embodiments, the gap protrusion is a round protrusion or a square protrusion.

[0024] In some embodiments, the arc starting lug and the arc ending lug are both reserved during cutting; the gap protrusion is also reserved during cutting.

[0025] In some embodiments, after step S5, the arc starting lug and the arc ending lug are cut off.

[0026] In some embodiments, the gap protrusion has a thickness of 0.1 to 0.5 mm.

[0027] This kind of convex cutting only requires a slight change in the laser cutting program, which is simple and easy to achieve the function of reserving gaps, and the splicing gap has good consistency and stability. Compared with the existing fixture reservation method, it has obvious advantages.

[0028] The method for reserving gap before welding of aluminum-silicon special layer steel plate includes the following steps: S1. Bevel the welding edge of the workpiece to be welded so that the cut section forms a bevel angle with the surface of the plate to form a bevel cut section, and the bevel angle is 74-84°; S2. Arrange the oblique sections of the two parts to be welded opposite to each other, and make the tips of the two oblique sections abut against each other, and the distance W1 between the obtuse ends of the two oblique sections is 0.21-0.4 mm; S3. Perform wire welding on two obliquely cut sections.

[0029] In some embodiments, the two oblique cut surfaces form a V-shaped gap; the V-shaped gap includes an angle a of 12 to 32 degrees.

[0030] By adjusting the parameters during the laser cutting process, or by adjusting the incident angle of the cutting laser, the cutting section forms a certain angle with the plate surface, that is, a sloped cutting section. This gap reservation method has obvious advantages. The gap reservation can be achieved by adjusting the parameters or the cutting head angle offset, which hardly increases the process or labor costs, and does not increase the cutting cycle, which is economical and practical.

[0031] It will be clear to those skilled in the art that various modifications may be made to the above embodiments without departing from the overall spirit and concept of the present invention. All of them fall within the protection scope of the present invention. The protection scheme of the present invention shall be subject to the claims attached to the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for treating the gap before welding of aluminum-silicon special layer steel plate by reserving gap protrusions, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. An arc starting lug and / or an arc closing lug are reserved outside the end of the first surface to be welded of at least one workpiece to be welded, and the arc starting lug butt joint surface of the arc starting lug and the arc closing lug butt joint surface of the arc closing lug are both flush with the first surface to be welded, and the first surface to be welded is used to face the second surface to be welded of another workpiece to be welded and used for welding. S2, a gap protrusion is provided on the arc starting lug butt joint surface and / or the arc closing lug butt joint surface, wherein the gap protrusion protrudes from the first surface to be welded, and the thickness of the gap protrusion is 0.05-0.5 mm, S3, the first surface to be welded is placed opposite to the second surface to be welded and the gap protrusion of the arc starting lug butt joint surface and / or the arc ending lug butt joint surface abuts against the second surface to be welded, S4, performing filler wire welding between the first surface to be welded and the second surface to be welded.

2. The method for treating the gap before welding of aluminum-silicon special layer steel plate by reserving gap protrusions according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The thickness of the plate to be welded is 0.5-4 mm.

3. The method for treating the gap before welding of aluminum-silicon special layer steel plate by reserving gap protrusions according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The gap protrusion is a circular protrusion or a square protrusion.

4. The method for pre-welding gap treatment of aluminum-silicon special layer steel plate by reserving gap protrusions according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The arc starting lug and the arc closing lug are both reserved during cutting; the gap protrusion is also reserved during cutting.

5. The method for pre-welding gap treatment of aluminum-silicon special layer steel plate by reserving gap protrusions according to claim 1 is characterized in that: After step S5, the arc starting lug and the arc ending lug are cut off.

6. The method for treating the gap before welding of aluminum-silicon special layer steel plate by reserving gap protrusions according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The thickness of the gap protrusion is 0.1-0.5 mm.

7. A method for reserving gap before welding of aluminum-silicon special layer steel plate, characterized in that: The following steps are included: S1. Bevel the welding edge of the workpiece to be welded so that the cut section forms a bevel angle with the surface of the plate to form a bevel cut section, and the bevel angle is 74-84°; S2. Arrange the oblique sections of the two parts to be welded opposite to each other, and make the tips of the two oblique sections abut against each other, and the distance W1 between the obtuse ends of the two oblique sections is 0.21-0.4 mm; S3. Perform wire welding on two obliquely cut sections.

8. The method for reserving gap before welding for aluminum-silicon special layer steel plate according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The two oblique cut surfaces form a V-shaped gap; the V-shaped gap includes an angle a of 12 to 32 degrees.

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