Method for preparing gradient nano structure on surface of plate part
By employing high-speed tool rotation and rapid part movement on a lathe, a gradient nanostructure is formed on plate parts, addressing efficiency issues and enhancing surface properties.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411203001.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-29
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-31
AI Technical Summary
Existing lathes face challenges in efficiently processing plate parts that cannot rotate with the spindle, leading to low processing efficiency and difficulties in improving the surface performance of such parts.
A method utilizing a lathe to achieve high-speed rotation of a machining tool combined with rapid movement of plate-like parts, causing severe plastic deformation and forming a gradient nanostructure on the surface through optimized process parameters, including tool speed, part feed speed, pressing depth, and temperature control.
The method significantly enhances the surface quality and performance of plate parts by forming a gradient nanostructure, improving surface roughness and hardness, and creating a structured organizational layer with nano-grains to micron grains.
Smart Images
Figure CN119220796A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of metal material surface strengthening, and in particular relates to a method for preparing a gradient nanostructure on the surface of a plate-like part. Background Art
[0002] Lathe is a common mechanical processing equipment, which is widely used in production and manufacturing, such as automobile, aviation, shipbuilding and other fields. It is mainly used for cutting parts with rotating surfaces such as shafts, disks, sleeves, etc. It is also suitable for surface rolling processing of rotating parts. The lathe drives the rotating parts to rotate through the spindle, and the rolling tool is pressed into the surface of the part and moves relative to the part to perform processing. After processing, the surface performance of the rotating parts is significantly improved; at the same time, the lathe can process the end faces of rotating parts, but the processing efficiency is low, and there are certain difficulties in rolling plate parts that cannot rotate with the spindle on the lathe. Summary of the invention
[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a gradient nanostructure on the surface of a plate-like part, by realizing high-speed rotation of a machining tool on a lathe, coordinating with the rapid movement of the plate-like parts, obtaining a gradient nanostructure on the surface of the material, and improving the surface properties of the plate-like parts.
[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention proposes the following technical solutions:
[0005] A method for preparing a gradient nanostructure on the surface of a plate-like part. The method uses a lathe to achieve high-speed rotation of a machining tool, combined with rapid movement of the plate-like part, to cause severe plastic deformation of the material surface, and ultimately prepare a gradient nanostructure on the surface of the plate-like part.
[0006] The method for preparing a gradient nanostructure on the surface of a plate-like part is to perform surface nano-processing on the plate-like part. The specific processing process is as follows: the lathe spindle drives the machining tool at a rotation speed V 1 Rotate, the tool holder control board parts at speed V 2 Feeding along the radial direction, the depth a of the machining tool pressed into the surface of the part p , adjust the temperature control system on the tool holder to the set temperature, and complete the processing of plate parts after multiple deformations.
[0007] The method for preparing a gradient nanostructure on the surface of a plate-like part, the surface nano-processing process parameters are as follows: machining tool speed V 1 50~2000r / min, plate parts feed speed V 2 The speed is 1~200mm / min, and the pressing depth a of each pass is p The thickness is 20 to 200 μm, and the number of processing passes is 1 to 5 times.
[0008] In the method for preparing a gradient nanostructure on the surface of a plate-like part, a temperature control system utilizes a refrigeration unit and a heating unit to control the surface nano-processing temperature to be -100°C to 300°C.
[0009] In the method for preparing gradient nanostructures on the surface of plate parts, two or more spherical cutter heads with a certain curvature radius are symmetrically installed at the front end of the machining tool. The material is bearing steel, mold steel or hard alloy, and the curvature radius is 2 to 8 mm.
[0010] The method for preparing a gradient nanostructure on the surface of a plate-like part is that the plate-like part undergoes multiple surface nano-treatments, the surface grain size is refined to the nanometer scale, and the organizational structure of nano-grains, submicron grains, and micron grains is formed from the surface to the inside.
[0011] The design concept of the present invention is:
[0012] The surface nano-processing method of the present invention utilizes the rotational motion and feed motion of a lathe. The main shaft of the lathe drives the processing tool to rotate at high speed, and the tool holder of the lathe controls the rapid movement of plate parts, causing severe plastic deformation of the surface layer of the material. Combined with the optimization of the surface nano-processing process parameters, a gradient nano-structure is finally prepared on the surface of the plate parts.
[0013] The advantages and beneficial effects of the present invention are:
[0014] 1. The processing method of the present invention has a unique design and high processing efficiency. It utilizes the rotation of the processing tool and the movement of the plate parts to achieve the preparation of the gradient organizational structure of the plate parts and expand the processing range of the lathe.
[0015] 2. After being processed by the processing method of the present invention, serious plastic deformation occurs on the surface of the material, and the microscopic unevenness on the surface of the part is filled, which significantly improves the surface quality of the plate-type parts.
[0016] 3. After being processed by the processing method of the present invention, an organizational structure transitioning from nano-grains and submicron grains to coarse grains is formed on the surface of the parts, a nano-layer of a certain thickness is obtained on the surface of the material, and the surface performance of the plate parts is greatly improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the surface nano-processing of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0018] In the specific implementation process, the present invention proposes a method for preparing a gradient nanostructure on the surface of a plate-like part. The high-speed rotation of the machining tool is achieved by a CNC lathe, and the rapid movement of the plate-like parts is coordinated to cause severe plastic deformation of the surface layer of the material, and finally a gradient nanostructure is prepared on the surface of the plate-like parts.
[0019] This method combines the optimization of surface nano-processing process parameters. The surface nano-processing process parameters of plate parts are as follows: machining tool speed V 1 50~2000r / min, plate parts feed speed V 2 1~200mm / min, each pass is pressed into depth a p The diameter of the spherical cutter head is 20-200 μm, and the number of processing passes is 1-5 times. The material of the spherical cutter head at the front end of the processing tool is bearing steel, mold steel or hard alloy, and the radius of curvature is 2-8 mm. After multiple surface nano-processing of plate parts, the surface grain size is refined to the nanometer scale, and the organizational structure of nano-grains, submicron grains and micron grains is formed from the surface to the inside.
[0020] like Figure 1 As shown, the surface nano-treatment of plate parts is completed on a CNC lathe. The spindle and tool holder of the CNC lathe control the rotation of the processing tool and the movement of the plate parts respectively, wherein: the processing tool is clamped on the spindle of the CNC lathe, and the temperature control system is fixed on the tool holder. The refrigeration unit and the heating unit are used to control the surface nano-treatment temperature to -100℃~300℃.
[0021] like Figure 1 As shown, the specific processing process of this embodiment is as follows:
[0022] The plate parts are clamped on the tool holder, and two spherical cutter heads are symmetrically installed at the front end of the processing tool. The plate parts processing program is set, the temperature control system is turned on and adjusted to the set temperature, and the surface nano-treatment of the plate parts begins. The processing tool is driven by the spindle of the CNC lathe at a speed of V 1 Rotate and press into the surface of plate parts to a certain depth a p At the same time, the tool holder control panel parts move at a speed of V 2 Feeding along the radial direction and multiple deformations are performed to prepare gradient nanostructures on the surface of plate parts.
[0023] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
[0024] Example 1
[0025] In this embodiment, the process parameters for surface nano-treatment of 304 stainless steel plate parts are as follows:
[0026] Processing tool speed V 1 The feed speed of plate parts is 300r / min. 2 The pressing depth of each pass is 6mm / min. p The diameter is 20 μm, and the number of machining passes is 2. Two spherical cutter heads made of bearing steel are symmetrically installed at the front end of the machining tool, and the curvature radius is 4 mm.
[0027] Plate parts undergo multiple surface nano-treatments, and the surface grain size is refined to the nanoscale, forming a microstructure of nano-grains, submicron grains, and micron grains from the outside to the inside.
[0028] After being processed by the processing method of the embodiment, the surface roughness of the plate-like parts is less than 0.2 μm, the surface hardness of the nanolayer is 5.02 GPa, the hardness of the cross-section of the sample surface decreases gradually along the depth direction, and a gradient structural organization layer is formed on the plate-like parts.
[0029] The implementation results show that the present invention carries out surface nano-processing of plate parts on a CNC lathe, a gradient nano-structure is formed on the surface of the material, and the surface performance of the plate parts is significantly improved.
Claims
1. A method for preparing a gradient nanostructure on the surface of a plate-like part, characterized in that: This method uses a lathe to achieve high-speed rotation of the machining tool, combined with the rapid movement of plate parts, to cause severe plastic deformation on the surface of the material, and ultimately prepare a gradient nanostructure on the surface of the plate parts.
2. The method for preparing a gradient nanostructure on the surface of a plate-like part according to claim 1, characterized in that: This method performs surface nano-processing on plate parts. The specific processing process is as follows: the lathe spindle drives the machining tool to rotate at a speed V1, the tool holder controls the plate parts to feed radially at a speed V2, and the machining tool is pressed into the surface of the part to a depth a. p , adjust the temperature control system on the tool holder to the set temperature, and complete the processing of plate parts after multiple deformations.
3. The method for preparing a gradient nanostructure on the surface of a plate-like part according to claim 2, characterized in that: The process parameters of surface nano-treatment are as follows: the machining tool speed V1 is 50-2000r / min, the plate parts feed speed V2 is 1-200mm / min, and the pressing depth a of each pass is p The thickness is 20 to 200 μm, and the number of processing passes is 1 to 5 times.
4. The method for preparing a gradient nanostructure on the surface of a plate-like part according to claim 2, characterized in that: The temperature control system uses a refrigeration unit and a heating unit to control the surface nano-treatment temperature to -100°C to 300°C.
5. The method for preparing a gradient nanostructure on the surface of a plate-like part according to claim 2, characterized in that: Two or more spherical cutter heads with a certain curvature radius are symmetrically installed at the front end of the machining tool. The material is bearing steel, mold steel or hard alloy, and the curvature radius is 2 to 8 mm.
6. The method for preparing a gradient nanostructure on the surface of a plate-like part according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that: Plate parts undergo multiple surface nano-treatments, and the surface grain size is refined to the nanoscale, forming a microstructure of nano-grains, submicron grains, and micron grains from the outside to the inside.