Novel reference pile for permafrost region

Abstract

According to the novel reference pile for the permafrost region, an inner-layer pile casing is inserted in the permafrost layer and the movable layer, an indium steel ruler is arranged at the top of the inner-layer pile casing, a steel pipe supporting column is arranged at the bottom of the indium steel ruler, an anti-pulling base is arranged at the bottom of the steel pipe supporting column, and the anti-pulling base is located at the bottom of an inner cavity of the inner-layer pile casing. Cement mortar is poured into an inner cavity of the inner-layer pile casing to block the anti-pulling base, the outer side of the invar ruler is sleeved with an invar ruler protection plate, a concrete base is poured at the bottom of the invar ruler protection plate, a rubble protection layer is arranged on the surface of the outer side of the inner-layer pile casing within the range of the movable layer, and a concrete surface layer is laid on the top of the rubble protection layer. And a waterproof insertion plate surrounds the outer side. The device can effectively solve the problem of setting of the reference pile in the permafrost region, meanwhile, due to the structural design of the indium steel ruler, output of labor force can be effectively reduced, the applicability in a severe environment is improved, and the device has a good practical effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of reference piles, and in particular to a novel reference pile used in permafrost areas. Background Art

[0002] The permafrost areas of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau face many difficulties in artificial deformation monitoring and measurement due to the high altitude, thin oxygen, and unstable permafrost active layer. Due to the frost heave and thaw settlement characteristics of the permafrost active layer, conventional benchmark piles may settle unevenly with seasonal changes, resulting in inaccurate measurement data or damage to the benchmark piles, which seriously affects the difficulty of deformation monitoring in permafrost areas. How to keep the benchmark piles stable during long-term use and not be affected by permafrost changes and the external environment has become a major technical problem.

[0003] The present invention proposes a new type of reference pile structure in permafrost areas, which can effectively increase the stability of the reference pile and reduce the impact of active layer fluctuations caused by environmental changes. In addition, the external indium steel ruler used in this design not only simplifies the construction process, reduces manpower requirements, but also improves the stability and monitoring efficiency of the entire monitoring system. It expands the scope and accuracy of monitoring measurement, provides an effective technical solution for deformation monitoring in the region, and has broad application prospects. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problem and provide a new type of reference pile for permafrost areas.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: According to one aspect of the present invention, a new type of reference pile for use in permafrost areas is provided, comprising the following contents: The invention comprises an inner casing inserted at the permafrost layer and the active layer, an indium steel ruler is arranged on the top of the inner casing, a steel pipe support is arranged at the bottom of the indium steel ruler, and an anti-pull-out base is arranged at the bottom of the steel pipe support, the anti-pull-out base is located at the bottom of the inner cavity of the inner casing, the inner cavity of the inner casing is poured with cement mortar to seal the anti-pull-out base, an indium steel ruler guard plate is sleeved on the outer side of the indium steel ruler, a concrete base is poured at the bottom of the indium steel ruler guard plate, a crushed stone protective layer is arranged on the outer surface of the inner casing within the active layer, a concrete surface layer is laid on the top of the crushed stone protective layer, a water-proof plug plate is arranged on the outer side, and the water-proof plug plate separates the crushed stone protective layer from the heat-insulating foam layer.

[0006] Furthermore, the bottom depth of the waterproof plug plate is greater than the gravel and stone protective layer and the thermal insulation foam layer, and the top height is flush with the concrete surface layer and the thermal insulation foam layer.

[0007] Furthermore, a supporting diagonal brace is provided on the outer side of the indium steel ruler guard plate, the bottom end of the supporting diagonal brace is fixed to the concrete surface layer, and the top end is connected to the outer side of the indium steel ruler guard plate through a retractable pad.

[0008] Furthermore, the concrete base is integrally connected to the cement mortar poured into the inner cavity of the inner casing.

[0009] Furthermore, the indium steel ruler is threadedly connected and fixed to the steel pipe support.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The polyurethane foam material on the outside of the water barrier has strong adhesion and good thermal insulation performance, which can block the freezing and pulling force of the external active layer on the water barrier; the water barrier can effectively block the water erosion of the external active layer, and the gravel layer can offset the slight lateral deformation and protect the inner casing. The inner casing can effectively protect the stability of the reference pile steel pipe support. The above three measures can offset the freezing and pulling force of the active layer 11 on the reference pile steel pipe 13 due to freezing and thawing; 2. The inclined support can ensure the stability of the indium steel ruler guard plate, and a telescopic pad is set at the connection between the inclined support and the indium steel ruler plate, which can effectively absorb the displacement and deformation caused by the frost heave and thaw settlement of the ground and maintain the stability of the indium steel ruler plate; 3. The reference pile with indium steel ruler can reduce the labor intensity of manual monitoring, reduce the number of ruler rotations, reduce the cumulative error caused by manual ruler support, reduce the work steps in monitoring and measurement, and improve the accuracy of monitoring operations; 4. The benchmark pile has a certain elevation, which can appropriately increase the monitoring measurement range, reduce unnecessary rotation times, and improve monitoring efficiency; 5. It is possible to consider setting up a multi-faceted indium steel ruler surface on the fixed plate or setting it as a rotatable indium steel ruler surface to achieve monitoring and measurement at multiple angles. Within the observable range of the electronic level, monitoring operations at monitoring points in different directions can be achieved, which greatly reduces labor intensity, improves monitoring work efficiency, and has good practical effects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the new benchmark pile in permafrost areas.

[0012] In the figure: 1. Indium steel ruler guard plate; 2. Indium steel ruler; 3. Retractable pad; 4. Concrete base; 5. Support diagonal brace; 6. Concrete surface layer; 7. Crushed stone protective layer; 8. Insulating foam layer; 9. Waterproof plug board; 10. Inner casing; 11. Active layer; 12. Permafrost upper limit; 13. Steel pipe support; 14. Permafrost layer; 15. Pull-out base. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0013] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further explained below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0014] according to Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a new type of reference pile for permafrost areas. In permafrost areas, the active layer 11 is extremely sensitive to temperature. The active layer 11 will undergo periodic freezing and thawing processes with seasonal changes. The repeated freezing and thawing of the active layer 11 and the incomplete freezing in winter will cause the volume of the frozen soil to expand and shrink. If the reference burial depth and the protective measures of the active layer 11 are not considered when setting the reference pile, it often leads to inaccurate deformation monitoring, and even instability of the reference pile, which seriously affects the accuracy of the deformation monitoring construction task; in addition, when artificial deformation monitoring is carried out in plateau and high-altitude areas, the harsh plateau environment makes deformation monitoring difficult, and the indium steel ruler 2 is not suitable for leveling and stabilizing, resulting in inaccurate measurement results, which greatly affects the measurement accuracy. In order to solve this technical problem, the present invention proposes a new type of reference pile structure suitable for permafrost areas. The structure ensures the stability of the steel pipe support 13 by excavating a borehole penetrating the active layer 11 in the bottom layer, and setting a water-proof plug plate 9 and an inner layer casing 10. A fixed plate with an indium steel ruler 2 is set above the surface, and the stability of its structure is maintained by supporting the diagonal brace 5.

[0015] The specific contents are as follows: select a suitable work site, level the surface and then drill a hole; the outer waterproof plug board 9 is made of a material such as polyvinyl chloride, which is resistant to high cold and corrosion, and can effectively block moisture from invading the gravel and stone area, thereby avoiding the "lifting" effect caused by the freezing and thawing of the active area of ​​the permafrost layer 14, and ensuring the stability of the inner casing; an insulating foam material is set on the outside of the waterproof board, and the foam material is made of polyurethane material, which has excellent thermal insulation performance and strong adhesion, and can effectively resist the influence of frost heave and thaw settlement of the outer active layer 11; An inner casing 10 is inserted at the permafrost layer 14 and the active layer 11, an indium steel ruler 2 is provided on the top of the inner casing 10, a steel pipe support 13 is provided at the bottom of the indium steel ruler 2, and an anti-pull base is provided at the bottom of the steel pipe support 13, the anti-pull base is located at the bottom of the inner cavity of the inner casing 10, and cement mortar is poured into the inner cavity of the inner casing 10 to seal the anti-pull base, an indium steel ruler 2 protective plate 1 is sleeved on the outside of the indium steel ruler 2, and a concrete base 4 is poured at the bottom of the indium steel ruler 2 protective plate 1, and a crushed stone protective layer 7 is provided on the outer surface of the inner casing 10 within the active layer 11. Due to the presence of a certain gap in the crushed stone layer, the external lateral pressure can be effectively "absorbed", thereby protecting the stability of the casing, a concrete surface layer 6 is laid on the top of the crushed stone protective layer 7, and a waterproof plug plate 9 is arranged on the outside to separate the crushed stone protective layer 7 from the thermal insulation foam layer 8.

[0016] The bottom depth of the waterproof plug board 9 is greater than the gravel and stone protective layer 7 and the thermal insulation foam layer 8 , and the top height is flush with the concrete surface layer 6 and the thermal insulation foam layer 8 .

[0017] A crushed stone layer is arranged between the water blocking plate and the inner casing 10, which can protect the inner casing 10. There are gaps between the crushed stones and the stones, which can offset the frost heave and thaw settlement of the frozen soil caused by the external temperature change, and further protect and stabilize the inner casing. A steel pipe support 13 is arranged in the inner casing 10, and an anti-pulling base is arranged at the bottom of the steel pipe support 13 to increase the anti-pulling force of the steel pipe support 13; cement mortar is poured into the casing to fix the steel pipe support 13, which plays a role in stabilizing the steel pipe support 13; The indium steel ruler 2 above the ground is welded or threadedly connected to the steel pipe support 13 to form a whole; a concrete foundation is set at the base of the indium steel ruler 2 to stabilize the fixing plate of the indium steel ruler 2; Protective diagonal braces are set on both sides of the indium steel ruler 2 fixing plate. The bottom of the diagonal brace is located above the concrete surface layer 6. The concrete surface layer 6 has a pad. A retractable pad 3 is set at the contact point between the diagonal brace and the indium steel ruler 2 fixing plate, which can be retracted in the horizontal direction to offset the slight deformation caused by ground deformation.

[0018] The present invention has the following characteristics: 1. The polyurethane foam material on the outside of the water barrier has strong adhesion and good thermal insulation performance, which can block the freezing and pulling force of the external active layer on the water barrier; the water barrier can effectively block the water erosion of the external active layer, and the gravel layer can offset the slight lateral deformation and protect the inner casing. The inner casing can effectively protect the stability of the reference pile steel pipe support. The above three measures can offset the freezing and pulling force of the active layer 11 on the reference pile steel pipe 13 due to freezing and thawing; 2. The inclined support can ensure the stability of the indium steel ruler guard plate, and a telescopic pad is set at the connection between the inclined support and the indium steel ruler plate, which can effectively absorb the displacement and deformation caused by the frost heave and thaw settlement of the ground and maintain the stability of the indium steel ruler plate; 3. The reference pile with indium steel ruler can reduce the labor intensity of manual monitoring, reduce the number of ruler rotations, reduce the cumulative error caused by manual ruler support, reduce the work steps in monitoring and measurement, and improve the accuracy of monitoring operations; 4. The benchmark pile has a certain elevation, which can appropriately increase the monitoring measurement range, reduce unnecessary rotation times, and improve monitoring efficiency; 5. It is possible to consider setting up a multi-faceted indium steel ruler surface on the fixed plate or setting it as a rotatable indium steel ruler surface to achieve monitoring and measurement at multiple angles. Within the observable range of the electronic level, monitoring operations at monitoring points in different directions can be achieved, which greatly reduces labor intensity, improves monitoring work efficiency, and has good practical effects.

[0019] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

[0020] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A new type of reference pile for permafrost areas, characterized by: The invention comprises an inner casing inserted at the permafrost layer and the active layer, an indium steel ruler is arranged on the top of the inner casing, a steel pipe support is arranged at the bottom of the indium steel ruler, and an anti-pull-out base is arranged at the bottom of the steel pipe support, the anti-pull-out base is located at the bottom of the inner cavity of the inner casing, the inner cavity of the inner casing is poured with cement mortar to seal the anti-pull-out base, an indium steel ruler guard plate is sleeved on the outer side of the indium steel ruler, a concrete base is poured at the bottom of the indium steel ruler guard plate, a crushed stone protective layer is arranged on the outer surface of the inner casing within the active layer, a concrete surface layer is laid on the top of the crushed stone protective layer, a water-proof plug plate is arranged on the outer side, and the water-proof plug plate separates the crushed stone protective layer from the heat-insulating foam layer.

2. A new type of reference pile for permafrost areas as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom depth of the water-proof plug plate is greater than the crushed stone protective layer and the heat-insulating foam layer, and the top height is flush with the concrete surface layer and the heat-insulating foam layer.

3. A new type of reference pile for permafrost areas as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A supporting diagonal brace is arranged on the outside of the indium steel ruler guard plate, the bottom end of the supporting diagonal brace is fixed to the concrete surface layer and a pad is arranged at the connection, and the top end is connected to the outside of the indium steel ruler guard plate through a retractable pad.

4. A new type of reference pile for permafrost areas as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The concrete base is integrally connected with the cement mortar poured into the inner cavity of the inner casing.

5. A new type of reference pile for permafrost areas as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The indium steel ruler shown is fixedly connected with the steel pipe support by threads.

6. A new type of reference pile for permafrost areas as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The water-blocking insert is made of polyvinyl chloride material.

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