Rhizoma drynariae decoction piece processing method

Abstract

The invention relates to a rhizoma drynariae decoction piece processing method. The rhizoma drynariae decoction piece processing method specifically comprises the steps of rhizoma drynariae rhizome collection and impurity removal, fixation, first-time drying, unhairing and washing, second-time drying, rhizoma drynariae slicing, third-time drying and the like. According to the method, the rhizoma drynariae is subjected to steam fixation, so that the enzyme activity in the rhizoma drynariae is lost, the functional components of the rhizoma drynariae are effectively prevented from being degraded, and the content requirement of the rhizoma drynariae decoction pieces is effectively ensured; processing is conducted through a special unhairing device, and the problems that according to an existing unhairing method, rhizoma drynariae is burnt, and functional components are seriously reduced are completely solved; the rhizoma drynariae is dried for three times, water on scales or hair of the rhizoma drynariae is removed for the first time, water on the surface of the rhizome of the rhizoma drynariae is removed for the second time, and water in the rhizoma drynariae is removed for the third time, so that the drying time is shortened, the problem of repeated drying of the existing rhizoma drynariae decoction pieces can be completely avoided, and the production cost is greatly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention specifically relates to a method for preparing drynaria slices, and belongs to the technical field of preparation and processing of Chinese medicinal material slices. Background Art

[0002] Drynariae Rhizoma., also known as cliff ginger, hairy ginger, monkey ginger, rock ginger, rock climbing ginger, etc., is an epiphytic fern belonging to the Drynariae genus of the family Drynariaceae. The plant can grow up to 40 cm in height. It is a perennial herb and does not bloom. The rhizome of Drynariae is long and horizontal, and the stem is thick and fleshy, with scales attached to the surface. It is broad lanceolate or lanceolate with green hairs. The leaves are far-grown, the petioles are brown or dark straw-colored, the leaves are heart-shaped at the base, with short hairs on the back, and coarse and shallow cracks on the edges; the pinnae are opposite or nearly opposite, with short petioles, obliquely spread, and the lobes are elliptical. The spore sori are attached to the top of the small veins, and the sori cover is tubular, truncated at the tip, brown, and thick. It is distributed in southwest China and Zhejiang, Hubei, Guangdong, Fujian, Jiangxi, Hunan, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and other places. It grows on tree trunks in mountain forests or on rocks, limestone cliffs or walls in forests at an altitude of 200-1800 meters. It likes warm, humid environment.

[0003] Drynariae mainly grow and reproduce by asexual reproduction and spore reproduction. Drynariae can be harvested all year round. When harvesting, just dig the rhizome, remove the sand and some large pieces of leaves attached to it, and then take it back. The old processing method in the past usually removed the soil and leaves, dried or sun-dried, and scraped the short hairs (scales) on the surface with fire. In recent years, the scraping step has been gradually eliminated because it is too inefficient.

[0004] There are also many methods for processing Drynaria in existing patent technologies. For example, patent application No. 201610691578.5 discloses a method for processing scalded Drynaria, which includes the following steps: take 60-100 mesh sand and put it in a drum-type medicine frying machine to fry it at a temperature of 260-280℃, add the cleaned Drynaria to each pot, scald it for 16-20 minutes, the Drynaria bulges and the hair is brown, and it is quickly taken out; sieve out the sand, spread the Drynaria to cool, remove the hair of the Drynaria after cooling; then package it, inspect and put it into storage. The scalded Drynaria processed by this method is heated evenly, and the phenomenon of partial overheating or insufficient heating is eliminated. The scalded Drynaria is evenly colored, consistent in size, and of stable quality, which fully meets the national medicinal material inspection standards. The method processes the Drynaria Rhizoma by frying, and the frying temperature is relatively high, which may easily cause the loss of nutrients and medicinal properties in the Drynaria Rhizoma. Furthermore, after frying, the Drynaria Rhizoma needs to be blanched for 16-20 minutes, which results in a longer pre-treatment time and reduces the processing efficiency of the Drynaria Rhizoma.

[0005] For example, the patent application No. 202011040890.0 discloses a method for processing fresh bone drynaria, which includes the following steps: harvest fresh bone drynaria before April 30 each year; wash the dirt and other impurities on the surface after harvesting fresh bone drynaria, remove the rotten, deteriorated and shriveled rhizomes for standby use; microwave sterilize the bone drynaria within 48 hours after the pretreatment operation, and the process parameters of microwave sterilization are: the temperature of microwave sterilization is 60°C, and the time of microwave sterilization is 60s; use an oven to dry the bone drynaria after sterilization, the temperature during drying is 60°C, and the water content of the bone drynaria is less than 13%; after the dried bone drynaria is cooled, it is placed in a packaging bag and vacuum sealed to obtain the product. This method effectively shortens the sterilization time and improves the processing efficiency of bone drynaria; and the temperature of microwave sterilization is low, which effectively retains the medicinal ingredients in bone drynaria, but does not mention depilation and slicing, which cannot meet the requirements for medicine. Summary of the invention

[0006] Aiming at the problems that the functional components of Drynariae Rhizoma are seriously reduced during the processing, and the depilation requires repeated drying, resulting in the loss of its functional components, the present invention provides a method for preparing Drynariae Rhizoma slices, which comprises collecting a large amount of Drynariae Rhizoma, removing moisture from the surface of the Drynariae Rhizoma by withering and drying, quickly depilating the Drynariae Rhizoma by contact with an open flame, then rinsing with water, drying to remove moisture from the surface of the Drynariae Rhizoma, cutting into slices, and finally drying to prepare Drynariae Rhizoma slices, wherein the scales or hairs on the surface of the Drynariae Rhizoma are removed by more than 90%, and the functional components can be retained to the greatest extent without loss, thereby effectively ensuring the efficacy of the Drynariae Rhizoma.

[0007] The first object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing drynaria slices, the specific steps of which are as follows:

[0008] (1) Collection and removal of drynaria root and rhizome: Collect fresh drynaria root and rhizome from the market, wash away dirt, leaves and other impurities on the surface, remove rotten, deteriorated and shriveled rhizomes, and set aside;

[0009] (2) Fixing: Use steam to fix the fresh Rhizoma Drynariae, the temperature is controlled at 90-100°C, and the fixing time is 60-180 seconds;

[0010] (3) First drying: Drying the Rhizoma Drynariae after the fixation treatment by air blowing at a temperature of 50-40°C until the scales or hairs on the surface of the Rhizoma Drynariae are completely dried;

[0011] (4) Dehairing and cleaning: Put it into a dehairing machine, light it with an open flame to dehair, rotate it at 6-10 / min for 20-50 seconds, pour it out immediately, and rinse it with water immediately;

[0012] (5) Second drying: The dehaired Drynariae Rhizoma is dried at a variable temperature, first at 80-75° C. for 25-40 min, until there is no visible water on the surface of the Drynariae Rhizoma;

[0013] (6) Slicing the Drynaria fortunei: Take it out and cut it into slices according to the requirements of the medicinal material using a slicer;

[0014] (7) Third drying: Bake at 60-50°C until the moisture content of the Drynaria Rhizoma is less than 12%. After the dried pieces of Drynaria Rhizoma are cooled, they are packed into a packaging bag and sealed by vacuuming to obtain the product.

[0015] In a specific embodiment, the drying condition of the mugwort leaves in step (4) is 70-90° C., and the drying time is generally 2-5 hours.

[0016] In a specific embodiment, the pressure treatment in step (5) is carried out at room temperature or low temperature.

[0017] In a specific embodiment, the sealing and placing temperature in step (6) is carried out at room temperature or low temperature, preferably at low temperature.

[0018] In a specific embodiment, the mugwort leaves in step (6) are processed and packaged into strips, discs, belts, etc.

[0019] The second object of the present invention is to provide the above-mentioned dehairing machine, which includes three parts: a rotating structure, a flame-spraying structure, and a water-spraying structure. The rotating structure includes a rotating device, a rotating ring, a ring hub, and a cross frame. The rotating ring has an upper / discharge port. The rotating device is located at the center of the rotating ring and is directly fixed on the cross frame. The rotating ring is supported by the ring hub. The flame-spraying structure includes a natural gas storage device, an ignition device, and a flame-spraying pipe. The water-spraying structure includes a water storage device and a water-spraying pipe.

[0020] Preferably, the rotating device can be driven manually or electrically.

[0021] Preferably, the rotating ring is a mesh porous structure, and the mesh size diameter is 2mm to 10cm.

[0022] Preferably, the loading / discharging ports are shared or separate.

[0023] Technical Effects

[0024] 1. By steam-sterilizing Rhizoma Drynariae, the enzyme activity in Rhizoma Drynariae will be lost, which will effectively prevent the degradation of Rhizoma Drynariae functional components and effectively ensure the content requirements of Rhizoma Drynariae decoction pieces.

[0025] 2. The present invention uses a self-made dehairing device to perform short-time (half-turn) low-temperature (cooling with water) dehairing, which not only realizes automatic large-scale processing, but also completely avoids the problems of partial burning of Drynaria fortunei and serious reduction of functional components in existing dehairing methods (long-time, high-temperature dehairing).

[0026] 3. Drying the Drynariae Rhizoma in three steps: the first step is to remove moisture from the scales or hairs of the Drynariae Rhizoma; the second step is to remove moisture from the surface of the Drynariae Rhizoma; and the third step is to remove moisture inside the Drynariae Rhizoma (to quickly dry the slices). This not only shortens the drying time (energy consumption), but also completely avoids the problem of repeated drying of the existing Drynariae Rhizoma slices (drying the Drynariae Rhizoma with hairs, drying after removing the hairs, and drying after slicing), thereby greatly reducing the production cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 , Schematic diagram of the dehairing machine, wherein 1. fixed frame; 2. rotating ring; 3. loading / unloading port; 4. flame nozzle; 5. hub; 6. rotating device; 7. water nozzle;

[0028] Figure 2 , the actual picture of Drynaria officinalis after depilation, wherein A is the depilation method using the device, and B is the conventional sand-scalding depilation method;

[0029] Figure 3 , HPLC chart of naringin standard sample;

[0030] Figure 4 , HPLC graph of naringin content in Drynaria fortunei decoction samples. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] Hereinafter, the present invention will be further described using embodiments, but it is not limited to any one of these embodiments or similar examples.

[0032] Example 1: Steps for using the hair removal machine

[0033] The material (Rhizoma Drynariae) is poured into the rotating ring 2 through the upper / discharge port 3, and the upper / discharge port 3 is closed. The rotating device 6 (which can be manually or electrically driven) is located at the center of the rotating ring 2 and is directly fixed on the cross frame 1. The rotating ring 2 is a mesh porous structure (the mesh size diameter is 2mm to 10cm). The rotating ring 2 is supported by the ring hub 5. The material is transferred to the crater 4 through the rotating device 6 to ignite the hair on the surface of Rhizoma Drynariae. During the combustion process, the material is transferred to the water outlet 4 through the rotating device 6 to extinguish the burning material with water, and then transferred to the crater 4 through the rotating device 6 again, and the combustion and fire extinguishing cycle is performed again until the hair on the surface of Rhizoma Drynariae is completely removed, and the material is discharged by opening the upper / discharge port 3.

[0034] Example 2

[0035] Collect fresh Drynaria from the market, wash off the dirt, leaves and other impurities on the surface, remove the rotten and shriveled rhizomes, and set aside; use steam to kill the fresh Drynaria, the temperature is controlled at 90-100℃, and the killing time is 80s; use air blast to dry the Drynaria after killing, the temperature during drying is 50-40℃, and wait until the scales or hairs on the surface of the Drynaria are completely dried; put it into a dehairing machine, ignite it with an open flame to dehair, rotate it at 6-10 / min for 30s, pour it out immediately, and rinse it with water immediately; dry the dehaired Drynaria at a variable temperature, first bake it at 80-75℃ for 30min, until there is no visible water on the surface of the Drynaria; take it out (see Figure 2 -A), using a slicer to cut into slices according to the requirements of the slices; then baking at 60-50°C until the water content of the Drynaria Radix is ​​11%, and after the dried Drynaria Radix slices are cooled, they are put into a packaging bag and vacuum-sealed to obtain the product.

[0036] The detection equipment is Agilent1100 high performance liquid chromatograph, and the chromatographic column is Kromasil C 18 (4.6mm×250mm, 5μm), the detection conditions of naringin were: mobile phase acetonitrile-0.4% phosphoric acid (20:80, V / V), detection wavelength 283nm, flow rate 1 ml / min, column temperature 30℃, injection volume 20μL. The content of naringin was 1.78%, see Figure 4 .

[0037] Comparative Example 1

[0038] Collect fresh Drynaria from the market, wash the dirt, leaves and other impurities on the surface, remove the rotten and shriveled rhizomes, and set aside; use steam to kill the fresh Drynaria, the temperature is controlled at 90-100℃, and the killing time is 80s; use air blast to dry the Drynaria after killing, the temperature during drying is 50-40℃, and wait until the moisture content of Drynaria is less than 20%; remove the hair by conventional sand blanching method; take out after cooling (see Figure 2 -B), using a slicer to cut into slices according to the requirements of the slices; then baking at 60-50°C until the moisture content of the Drynaria Radix is ​​11%, after the dried Drynaria Radix slices are cooled, they are packed into a packaging bag and sealed by vacuum to obtain the product. The slices are tested by HPLC, and the content of naringin is 0.45%.

[0039] Comparative Example 2

[0040] Collect fresh Drynaria from the market, wash away the dirt, leaves and other impurities on the surface, remove the rotten, deteriorated and shriveled rhizomes, and set aside; use steam to kill the fresh Drynaria, the temperature is controlled at 90-100℃, and the killing time is 80s; use air blast to dry the Drynaria after killing, the temperature during drying is 50-40℃, and wait until the scales or hairs on the surface of the Drynaria are completely dried; put it into a dehairing machine, ignite an open flame to dehair, and perform the dehairing at 6-10 / min Rotate for 30 seconds, pour out immediately, and rinse with water immediately; dry the depilated Rhizoma Drynariae at variable temperature, first bake at 80-75°C for 30 minutes, then bake at 60-50°C until the water content of the Rhizoma Drynariae is less than 13%, and set aside; moisten with water, and cut into slices according to the requirements of the slices with a slicer; bake at 60-50°C until the water content of the Rhizoma Drynariae is 11%; after the dried Rhizoma Drynariae slices are cooled, put them into a packaging bag, vacuum seal them, and obtain the product. The slices were tested by HPLC, and the content of naringin was 1.23%.

[0041] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Although the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment as above, it is not used to limit the present invention. Any technician familiar with this profession can make some changes or modifications to equivalent embodiments of equivalent changes using the technical contents disclosed above without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing drynaria slices, the specific steps of which are as follows: (1) Collection and removal of drynaria root and rhizome: Collect fresh drynaria root and rhizome from the market, wash away dirt, leaves and other impurities on the surface, remove rotten, deteriorated and shriveled rhizomes, and set aside; (2) Fixing: Use steam to fix the fresh Rhizoma Drynariae, the temperature is controlled at 90-100°C, and the fixing time is 60-180 seconds; (3) First drying: Drying the Rhizoma Drynariae after the fixation treatment by air blowing at a temperature of 50-40°C until the scales or hairs on the surface of the Rhizoma Drynariae are completely dried; (4) Dehairing and cleaning: Put it into a dehairing machine, light it with an open flame to dehair, rotate it at 6-10 / min for 20-50 seconds, pour it out immediately, and rinse it with water immediately; (5) Second drying: The dehaired Drynariae Rhizoma is dried at a variable temperature, first at 80-75° C. for 25-40 min, until there is no visible water on the surface of the Drynariae Rhizoma; (6) Slicing the Drynaria fortunei: Take it out and cut it into slices according to the requirements of the medicinal material using a slicer; (7) Third drying: Bake at 60-50°C until the moisture content of the Drynaria Rhizoma is less than 12%. After the dried pieces of Drynaria Rhizoma are cooled, they are packed into a packaging bag and sealed by vacuuming to obtain the product.

2. According to the method of claim 1, the drying condition of the mugwort leaves described in step (4) is 70-90° C., and the drying time is generally 2-5 hours.

3. According to the method of claim 1, the pressure treatment in step (5) is carried out at room temperature or low temperature.

4. According to the method of claim 1, the sealing temperature in step (6) is carried out at room temperature or low temperature, preferably at low temperature.

5. According to the method of claim 1, the mugwort leaves described in step (6) are processed and packaged into strips, discs, belts, etc.

6. According to the method of claim 1, the dehairing machine in step (4) comprises three parts: a rotating structure, a flame-spraying structure and a water-spraying structure. The rotating structure comprises a rotating device, a rotating ring, a ring hub and a cross frame. The rotating ring has an upper / discharge port. The rotating device is located at the center of the rotating ring and is directly fixed on the cross frame. The rotating ring is supported by the ring hub. The flame-spraying structure comprises a natural gas storage device, an ignition device and a flame-spraying pipe. The water-spraying structure comprises a water storage device and a water-spraying pipe.

7. According to the depilatory machine of claim 6, the rotating device can be driven manually or electrically.

8. According to the hair removal machine of claim 6, the rotating ring is a mesh porous structure, and the diameter of the mesh size is 2mm to 10cm.

9. The dehairing machine according to claim 6, wherein the loading / discharging ports are shared or separate.

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