Positioning and clamping device and method for slotting machining of inner teeth of disc type workpiece

Abstract

The invention discloses a positioning and clamping device and method for slotting machining of inner teeth of disc workpieces, and relates to the technical field of tooth machining, the positioning and clamping device comprises an expansion sleeve, a positioning seat and a pull rod, a plurality of partition grooves are formed in the outer side of the expansion sleeve in the circumferential direction of the expansion sleeve, and cavities are formed in the upper end and the lower end of the expansion sleeve; the diameter of a cavity in the upper end of the expansion sleeve is matched with the diameter of the lower end of a to-be-machined part. A cavity matched with the expansion sleeve is formed in the upper portion of the positioning seat, and the expansion sleeve is arranged in the cavity in a sliding mode in the axial direction of the expansion sleeve. The pull rod is used for pulling the expansion sleeve to slide downwards and enabling the expansion sleeve to generate elastic deformation to clamp a part to be machined. According to the positioning and clamping device and method for slotting machining of the inner teeth of the disc type workpiece, the expansion sleeve is pulled by the pull rod to generate elastic deformation to clamp and fix the to-be-machined part, so that the to-be-machined part is rapidly clamped, and positioning is accurate and stable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of gear processing, and in particular to a positioning and clamping device and method for slotting processing of internal gears in a disc-type workpiece. Background Art

[0002] In the daily process of new product development, we often encounter a special disc-type workpiece, whose internal cavity is composed of internal spur teeth and light holes, and the major diameter of the internal spur teeth is larger than the diameter of the inner hole. This type of workpiece can only be realized by slotting the internal teeth.

[0003] Since the workpiece's internal spur teeth, inner hole and the outer circle of the external boss have strict shape and position tolerance requirements, when the internal teeth are inserted based on the inner hole of the workpiece, the empty tool groove of the internal spur teeth is not spacious enough to accommodate the chips, which affects the processing and the service life of the gear-inserting cutter; when the internal spur teeth are inserted based on the external boss of the workpiece with a three-jaw chuck, due to the accuracy limitation of the three-jaw chuck, the shape and position tolerances of the processed internal spur teeth and the inner hole and the outer circle of the external boss occasionally exceed the tolerance, resulting in the production of defective products. In addition, the three-jaw chuck relies on manual operation, which is inefficient and labor-intensive, so it is not an ideal positioning and clamping solution.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to propose a positioning and clamping device and method for internal gear slotting processing of disc-type workpieces to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] 1. Technical issues to be resolved The purpose of the present invention is to provide a positioning and clamping device and method for internal gear slotting processing of disc-type workpieces, so as to solve the problems of inconvenient workpiece clamping and limited positioning accuracy of existing positioning devices for internal gear slotting processing of disc-type workpieces mentioned in the above background technology.

[0006] (II) Technical solution To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a positioning and clamping device for internal gear slotting of a disc-type workpiece, comprising: An expansion sleeve, wherein a plurality of dividing grooves are provided on the outer side of the expansion sleeve along its circumference, and cavities are provided at both the upper and lower ends of the expansion sleeve, and the diameter of the cavity at the upper end of the expansion sleeve is adapted to the diameter of the lower end of the part to be processed; A positioning seat, wherein the upper portion of the positioning seat is provided with a cavity adapted to the expansion and contraction sleeve, and the expansion and contraction sleeve is arranged in the cavity in an axially sliding manner; The pull rod is used to pull the expansion and contraction sleeve to slide downward and cause it to produce elastic deformation to clamp the part to be processed.

[0007] Preferably, the pull rod and the expansion and contraction sleeve are arranged coaxially, a disc is provided at one end of the pull rod, and the other end of the pull rod passes through the expansion and contraction sleeve and the positioning seat in sequence and is connected to the driving mechanism.

[0008] Preferably, a disc spring is provided between the expansion and contraction sleeve and the positioning seat, and the disc spring sleeve is arranged on the outside of the pull rod.

[0009] Preferably, a limiting ring is provided on the outer side of the expansion and contraction sleeve, a clamping ring is fixedly connected to the upper end of the positioning seat, and a ring groove matching the limiting ring is provided on the inner side of the clamping ring.

[0010] Preferably, when the expansion and contraction sleeve moves upward to the limit position, the disc spring is in a compressed state.

[0011] Preferably, the outer wall of the expansion and contraction sleeve is provided with a first cylindrical surface, a second cylindrical surface, a third cylindrical surface and a fourth cylindrical surface in sequence from top to bottom, the first cylindrical surface and the third cylindrical surface are respectively slidably connected to the clamping ring and the positioning seat, the second cylindrical surface is located on the outside of the limit ring, and the diameter of the fourth cylindrical surface is smaller than the diameter of the positioning seat cavity.

[0012] Preferably, the upper end surface of the limit ring is provided with a first conical surface, and a second conical surface is provided between the annular groove and the inner wall of the clamping ring. The angle between the first conical surface and the axis of the expansion and contraction sleeve is smaller than the angle between the second conical surface and the axis of the clamping ring by 3° to 5°.

[0013] Preferably, the bottom of the cavity at the upper end of the expansion and contraction sleeve protrudes upward to form a truncated cone, and the truncated cone transitions to the cavity wall in an arc.

[0014] Preferably, it also includes a transition connection plate, the bottom middle part of the positioning seat is provided with a concave stopper, the top middle part of the transition connection plate is provided with a convex stopper matched with the concave stopper, and the positioning seat is fixedly connected to the transition connection plate.

[0015] A positioning and clamping method for internal gear slotting of a disc-type workpiece comprises the following steps: S1. Place one end of the part to be processed into the upper cavity of the expansion sleeve, and pre-position the part to be processed by the truncated table and the upper cavity of the expansion sleeve; S2. The expansion sleeve is driven downward by the pull rod, the disc spring is compressed, and after the lower end surface of the expansion sleeve fits with the bottom surface of the positioning seat cavity, the expansion sleeve is continuously stressed and elastically deformed, and the cavity wall of the upper end of the expansion sleeve shrinks inward and clamps the part to be processed; S3. After the processing of the parts to be processed is completed, the pull rod is reset, the disc spring releases the pressure to drive the expansion and contraction sleeve to reset upward, and the parts to be processed can be taken out.

[0016] (III) Beneficial effects Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a positioning and clamping device and method for internal gear slotting of a disc-type workpiece, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. The positioning and clamping device and method for internal gear slotting processing of disc-type workpieces are provided by providing a positioning seat, and an expansion and contraction sleeve which is pulled downward by a pull rod is provided in the positioning seat. Under the traction of the pull rod, the upper cavity of the expansion and contraction sleeve is elastically deformed to clamp and fix the part to be processed, thereby realizing rapid clamping of the part to be processed, and the positioning is accurate and stable.

[0017] 2. The positioning clamping device and method for internal tooth slotting processing of disc-type workpieces can realize automatic resetting of the expansion and contraction sleeve by setting a disc spring. At the same time, under the action of the disc spring, the inner diameter of the upper end of the expansion and contraction sleeve is always in an opening trend and maintains the maximum diameter, making the loading and unloading of the parts to be processed more convenient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the expansion and contraction sleeve in a relaxed state of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the expansion and contraction sleeve of the present invention clamping a workpiece; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 1 Schematic diagram of point A; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 2 Schematic diagram of point B; Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the expansion and contraction sleeve of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a top view schematic diagram of the expansion and contraction sleeve of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the positioning seat of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the transition connection plate of the present invention.

[0019] In the figure: 1. pull rod; 2. expansion and contraction sleeve; 3. disc spring; 4. clamping ring; 5. positioning seat; 6. transition connecting plate; 7. parts to be processed; 8. ring groove; 9. limit ring; 10. through hole; 11. frustum; 12. first cylindrical surface; 13. second cylindrical surface; 14. third cylindrical surface; 15. fourth cylindrical surface; 16. dividing groove; 17. concave stopper; 18. convex stopper. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0021] See also Figure 1-8As shown, a positioning and clamping device for internal gear slotting of a disc-type workpiece includes an expansion and contraction sleeve 2, a plurality of dividing grooves 16 are provided on the outer side of the expansion and contraction sleeve 2 along its circumferential direction, cavities are provided at both the upper and lower ends of the expansion and contraction sleeve 2, and the diameter of the cavity at the upper end of the expansion and contraction sleeve 2 is adapted to the diameter of the lower end of the part 7 to be processed; a positioning seat 5, a cavity adapted to the expansion and contraction sleeve 2 is provided on the upper part of the positioning seat 5, and the expansion and contraction sleeve 2 is arranged in the cavity along its axial sliding; a pull rod 1, and the pull rod 1 is used to pull the expansion and contraction sleeve 2 to slide downward and cause it to produce elastic deformation to clamp the part 7 to be processed. Preferably, the diameter of the upper cavity is slightly larger than the bottom diameter of the part 7 to be processed by 0.04-0.06mm, so as to facilitate the loading and unloading of the workpiece.

[0022] When positioning the part 7 to be processed, the lower end of the part 7 to be processed is placed in the upper cavity of the expansion and shrinkage sleeve 2, and the expansion and shrinkage sleeve 2 is pulled downward in the cavity by the pull rod 1. When the lower end surface of the expansion and shrinkage sleeve 2 contacts the bottom surface of the cavity, the pull rod 1 continues to move downward to cause the expansion and shrinkage sleeve 2 to produce elastic deformation, thereby driving the cavity wall of the upper cavity of the expansion and shrinkage sleeve 2 to gather toward the center to clamp the part 7 to be processed.

[0023] Specifically, the pull rod 1 is coaxially arranged with the expansion and contraction sleeve 2, a disc is provided at one end of the pull rod 1, and the other end of the pull rod 1 sequentially passes through the expansion and contraction sleeve 2 and the positioning seat 5 to be connected with the driving mechanism. By coaxially arranging the pull rod 1 with the expansion and contraction sleeve 2, the expansion and contraction sleeve 2 is subjected to balanced force.

[0024] In order to realize the automatic reset of the expansion and contraction sleeve 2, a disc spring 3 is provided between the expansion and contraction sleeve 2 and the positioning seat 5, and the disc spring 3 is sleeved on the outside of the pull rod 1. When the pull rod 1 pulls the expansion and contraction sleeve 2 downward, the disc spring 3 is compressed by force, the expansion and contraction sleeve 2 is elastically deformed by force, and the upper cavity shrinks inward to clamp the part to be processed; when the pull rod 1 is reset, the elastic deformation of the expansion and contraction sleeve 2 is eliminated, the internal contraction force is released, and the pressure of the disc spring 3 pushes the expansion and contraction sleeve 2 upward to reset.

[0025] In some embodiments, see Figure 3 As shown, a limiting ring 9 is provided on the outer side of the expansion and contraction sleeve 2, and a clamping ring 4 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the positioning seat 5 by screws, and an annular groove 8 adapted to the limiting ring 9 is provided on the inner side of the clamping ring 4. By providing the clamping ring 4, the expansion and contraction sleeve 2 is limited in position with the cooperation of the limiting ring 9 and the annular groove 8 to prevent the expansion and contraction sleeve 2 from escaping from the cavity when it moves upward. Preferably, when the expansion and contraction sleeve 2 is in the upper limit position, the disc spring 3 is in a compressed state. Under the action of the disc spring 3, an upward thrust is applied to the expansion and contraction sleeve 2, so that the inner diameter of the upper end of the expansion and contraction sleeve 2 is always in an opening trend and the diameter is kept at the maximum, so as to facilitate the loading and unloading of the part 7 to be processed.

[0026] For details, please refer to Figure 1 and 5As shown, the outer wall of the expansion and contraction sleeve 2 is provided with a first cylindrical surface 12, a second cylindrical surface 13, a third cylindrical surface 14 and a fourth cylindrical surface 15 from top to bottom. The first cylindrical surface 12 and the third cylindrical surface 14 are slidingly connected to the clamping ring 4 and the positioning seat 5 respectively. The second cylindrical surface 13 is located on the outside of the limit ring 9. The diameter of the fourth cylindrical surface 15 is smaller than the diameter of the cavity of the positioning seat 5. Preferably, the second cylindrical surface 13, the third cylindrical surface 14 and the fourth cylindrical surface 15 are transitioned in decreasing straight steps, the outer diameter of the first cylindrical surface 12 is 0.05-0.08mm smaller than the inner diameter of the clamping ring 4, the outer diameter of the second cylindrical surface 13 is 0.5-0.8mm smaller than the diameter of the annular groove 8, the third cylindrical surface 14 is 0.02-0.04mm smaller than the diameter of the cavity of the locating seat 5, ensuring a slight gap to allow it to slide up and down, the outer diameter of the fourth cylindrical surface 15 is 2-4mm smaller than the outer diameter of the third cylindrical surface 14, so as to reduce the friction between the outer wall of the expansion and contraction sleeve 2 and the inner wall of the cavity of the locating seat 5, the elastic deformation of the expansion and contraction sleeve 2, and the interference with the inner cavity of the locating seat 5 when the lower part is expanded outward.

[0027] In some embodiments, see Figure 3 As shown, the upper end face of the limit ring 9 is provided with a first conical surface, and a second conical surface is provided between the annular groove 8 and the inner wall of the clamping ring 4. The angle between the first conical surface and the axis of the expansion and contraction sleeve 2 is smaller than the angle between the second conical surface and the axis of the clamping ring 4 by 3° to 5°.

[0028] By setting the first conical surface and the second conical surface with different inclination angles, a certain amount of movable margin is provided. When the expansion and contraction sleeve 2 moves upward to the limit position and the disc spring 3 continuously applies an upward thrust to the expansion and contraction sleeve 2, the inner diameter of the upper end of the expansion and contraction sleeve 2 can always be in an opening trend and maintain the maximum diameter.

[0029] In order to allow the upper cavity of the expansion sleeve 2 to have sufficient deformation space, the bottom of the upper cavity of the expansion sleeve 2 is convexly formed with a truncated cone 11, and the truncated cone 11 transitions with the cavity wall in an arc. By setting the arc transition, the deformation and fracture of the cavity side wall caused by stress concentration can be avoided.

[0030] In some embodiments, in order to facilitate the installation and fixation of the positioning seat 5, a transition connection plate 6 is also included. A concave stop 17 is provided in the middle of the bottom end of the positioning seat 5, and a convex stop 18 matching the concave stop 17 is provided in the middle of the top end of the transition connection plate 6. The positioning seat 5 is fixedly connected to the transition connection plate 6. With the cooperation of the concave stop 17 and the convex stop 18, the positioning seat 5 and the transition connection plate 6 are prevented from being offset or misaligned during the assembly process. Specifically, a group of threaded holes and step holes are respectively provided on the outer end faces of the transition connection plate 6. The number, center distance and size of the threaded holes are matched with the bolt connection holes on the positioning seat 5, so that the positioning seat 5 and the transition connection plate 6 are fixedly connected by screws; the number, center distance and size of the step holes are matched with the threaded holes on the machine tool workbench, so that the transition connection plate 6 can be fixed to the machine tool workbench by bolts.

[0031] When in use, assemble, align and tighten the transition connection plate 6 to the machine tool workbench, and connect the bottom end of the pull rod 1 to the hydraulic device of the machine tool; Before installing the part 7 to be processed, the pull rod 1 is not subjected to any external force, the disc spring 3 is in a slightly compressed state, and the lower end face of the expansion and contraction sleeve 2 is separated from the bottom surface of the cavity of the positioning seat 5 under the action of the disc spring 3, and its upper first conical surface is in contact with the second conical surface of the clamping ring 4. Under the action of the disc spring 3, the inner diameter of the upper end of the expansion and contraction sleeve 2 is always in an opening trend and maintains the maximum diameter to facilitate the loading and unloading of the part 7 to be processed.

[0032] A positioning and clamping method for internal gear slotting of a disc-type workpiece, specifically comprising the following steps: The qualified workpiece to be processed is placed in the upper cavity of the expansion sleeve 2. The lower end surface of the workpiece 7 to be processed is axially positioned by the truncated table 11. The upper cavity of the expansion sleeve 2 only plays a pre-positioning role at this time. Then the hydraulic tensioning button of the machine tool is started, so that the pull rod 1 slowly moves downward under the action of the hydraulic tensioning device. The expansion sleeve 2 moves downward along the cavity wall of the positioning seat 5 under the external force of the pull rod 1. The disc spring 3 is gradually compressed until the lower end surface of the expansion sleeve 2 fits with the bottom surface of the cavity of the positioning seat 5, and the expansion sleeve 2 stops moving downward. However, as the pull rod 1 continues to move downward, the bottom surface of the cavity at the upper end of the expansion and contraction sleeve 2 continues to be stressed, and this force will be released to the outer wall of the cavity at the upper end of the expansion and contraction sleeve 2 through the several petal ribs of the expansion and contraction sleeve 2. Because the third cylindrical surface 14 of the expansion and contraction sleeve 2 is constrained by the inner cavity wall of the positioning seat 5, the fourth cylindrical surface 15 of the expansion and contraction sleeve 2 will open outward under the action of external force. At this time, the first cylindrical surface 12 of the expansion and contraction sleeve 2 will shrink inward with a certain annular surface on the third cylindrical surface 14 as a fulcrum, achieving efficient and accurate positioning and clamping. When the processing of the part 7 to be processed is completed, the hydraulic tensioning reset button is activated, the axial tension on the expansion and contraction sleeve 2 is slowly released, and the pressure on the disc spring 3 is gradually reduced until the pull rod 1 returns to its natural state. At this time, the disc spring 3 is still in a slightly compressed state, and the expansion and contraction sleeve 2 returns to the state before the workpiece is installed, that is, the inner diameter of the upper end of the expansion and contraction sleeve 2 is in an opening trend and maintains the maximum diameter, so as to remove the workpiece and repeat the operation to install the next workpiece to be processed.

[0033] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A positioning and clamping device for internal gear slotting of disc-type workpieces, characterized in that: include: An expansion sleeve (2), wherein a plurality of dividing grooves (16) are provided on the outer side of the expansion sleeve (2) along its circumferential direction, and cavities are provided at both the upper and lower ends of the expansion sleeve (2), and the diameter of the cavity at the upper end of the expansion sleeve (2) is adapted to the diameter of the lower end of the part to be processed (7); A positioning seat (5), wherein the upper portion of the positioning seat (5) is provided with a cavity adapted to the expansion and contraction sleeve (2), and the expansion and contraction sleeve (2) is arranged in the cavity in a sliding manner along its axial direction; A pull rod (1) is used to pull the expansion and contraction sleeve (2) to slide downward and cause it to generate elastic deformation to clamp the part (7) to be processed.

2. A positioning and clamping device for internal gear slotting of a disc-type workpiece according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pull rod (1) and the expansion and contraction sleeve (2) are arranged coaxially, a disc is provided at one end of the pull rod (1), and the other end of the pull rod (1) passes through the expansion and contraction sleeve (2) and the positioning seat (5) in sequence to be connected to the driving mechanism.

3. The positioning and clamping device for internal gear slotting of a disc-type workpiece according to claim 1, characterized in that: A disc spring (3) is provided between the expansion and contraction sleeve (2) and the positioning seat (5), and the disc spring (3) is sleeved on the outside of the pull rod (1).

4. A positioning and clamping device for internal gear slotting of a disc-type workpiece according to claim 3, characterized in that: A limiting ring (9) is provided on the outer side of the expansion and contraction sleeve (2), a clamping ring (4) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the positioning seat (5), and an annular groove (8) matching the limiting ring (9) is provided on the inner side of the clamping ring (4).

5. A positioning and clamping device for internal gear slotting of a disc-type workpiece according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the expansion and contraction sleeve (2) moves upward to the limit position, the disc spring (3) is in a compressed state.

6. The positioning and clamping device for internal gear slotting of a disc-type workpiece according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer wall of the expansion and contraction sleeve (2) is provided with a first cylindrical surface (12), a second cylindrical surface (13), a third cylindrical surface (14) and a fourth cylindrical surface (15) in sequence from top to bottom; the first cylindrical surface (12) and the third cylindrical surface (14) are slidably connected to the clamping ring (4) and the positioning seat (5) respectively; the second cylindrical surface (13) is located outside the limiting ring (9); and the diameter of the fourth cylindrical surface (15) is smaller than the diameter of the cavity of the positioning seat (5).

7. The positioning and clamping device for internal gear slotting of a disc-type workpiece according to claim 5, characterized in that: The upper end surface of the limit ring (9) is provided with a first conical surface, and a second conical surface is provided between the annular groove (8) and the inner wall of the clamping ring (4). The angle between the first conical surface and the axis of the expansion and contraction sleeve (2) is smaller than the angle between the second conical surface and the axis of the clamping ring (4) by 3° to 5°.

8. The positioning and clamping device for internal gear slotting of a disc-type workpiece according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the cavity at the upper end of the expansion and contraction sleeve (2) protrudes upward to form a truncated cone (11), and the truncated cone (11) transitions into a circular arc with the cavity wall.

9. The positioning and clamping device for internal gear slotting of a disc-type workpiece according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a transition connection plate (6), wherein a concave stopper (17) is provided in the middle of the bottom end of the positioning seat (5), and a convex stopper (18) matching the concave stopper (17) is provided in the middle of the top end of the transition connection plate (6), and the positioning seat (5) is fixedly connected to the transition connection plate (6).

10. A method for positioning and clamping using a positioning and clamping device for internal gear slotting of a disc-type workpiece according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, placing one end of the part to be processed (7) into the upper cavity of the expansion sleeve (2), and pre-positioning the part to be processed (7) by the truncated table (11) and the upper cavity of the expansion sleeve (2); S2, the expansion sleeve (2) is driven downward by the pull rod (1), the disc spring (3) is compressed, and after the lower end surface of the expansion sleeve (2) fits with the bottom surface of the cavity of the positioning seat (5), the expansion sleeve (2) is continuously stressed and elastically deformed, and the cavity wall of the upper end of the expansion sleeve (2) shrinks inward and clamps the part to be processed (7); S3. After the processing of the part (7) to be processed is completed, the pull rod (1) is reset, and the disc spring (3) releases the pressure to drive the expansion sleeve (2) to reset upward, so that the part (7) to be processed can be taken out.

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