Array type fused FDM 3D printing nozzle

Abstract

The invention discloses an array type fused FDM 3D printing nozzle, and belongs to the technical field of 3D printing equipment. An array type fused FDM 3D printing nozzle comprises a structure supporting module, a circuit control module, a temperature control module and a nozzle body module. The temperature control module is detachably installed on the periphery of the spray head body module and used for controlling the temperature in the spray head body module. The structure supporting module comprises a circuit board and an electromagnet fixing plate, the electromagnet fixing plate is connected with and fixes the circuit control module, and the circuit control module is electrically connected with the circuit board; the spray head body module comprises a printing block, a plurality of evenly-distributed discharging ports corresponding to the circuit control module are formed in the bottom of the printing block, the circuit control module is controlled by the circuit board to enable the multiple discharging ports to conduct discharging at the same time, and therefore the printing efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of 3D printing equipment, and more specifically, relates to an array type molten FDM 3D printing nozzle. Background Art

[0002] 3D printing technology is an innovative technology that creates actual objects through digital models, realizing the transformation from virtual to reality. Among them, Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) technology is one of the most common and mature 3D printing technologies. Its basic principle is to use molten material and extrude it layer by layer onto the building platform through a nozzle; each layer of material is quickly cooled and solidified, and merged with the previous layer to form a solid object. FDM technology equipment is relatively simple and inexpensive and is suitable for a wide range of materials, including plastics, metals and ceramics. It also has a high degree of manufacturing freedom and can manufacture objects with complex geometric shapes. In industry, FDM technology can be used to manufacture prototypes, customized tools and molds; in the medical field, it can be used to manufacture medical equipment, artificial bones and oral braces; in addition, FDM technology also has many innovative applications in artistic creation and education.

[0003] However, the traditional FDM 3D printing technology has a slow printing speed and high noise. At the same time, the two moving axes cause large inertia of the equipment during printing. The faster the speed, the greater the inertia, resulting in poor printing accuracy. Therefore, no matter how the mechanical structure is optimized, it is difficult to improve printing efficiency and quality at the same time. Taking the surface forming 3D printing device and method based on FDM (CN201710281096.7) disclosed in the Chinese invention patent document as an example, the invention realizes the surface forming manufacturing of the FDM printing device by setting a row of printing nozzles to extrude materials at the same time, thereby improving the printing speed and efficiency. However, since the molten material needs to be transported to the nozzle through the feed pipe, and the molten material has a high viscosity and needs to be able to solidify quickly after printing, the molten material is easy to condense at the feed pipe, thereby affecting the printing efficiency.

[0004] Therefore, we need a molten FDM 3D printing nozzle with reasonable structure, high printing efficiency and good printing quality. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an array-type molten FDM 3D printing nozzle with a reasonable structural arrangement, which can realize fast FDM 3D printing through the array-arranged discharge ports and solve the problem of solidification and discharge blockage of molten material due to conveying and cooling.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: An array-type melt FDM 3D printing nozzle of the present invention comprises a structural support module, a circuit control module, a temperature control module and a nozzle main body module; the structural support module is located on the upper part of the circuit control module, and is used to fix and support the circuit control module, the temperature control module and the nozzle main body module; the temperature control module is detachably mounted on the outer periphery of the nozzle main body module, and is used to control the temperature inside the nozzle main body module; the circuit control module is located on the upper part of the nozzle main body module, and is used to control the discharge of the nozzle main body module.

[0007] The structural support module includes a pressing plate, a connecting plate, a circuit board and an electromagnet fixing plate. The pressing plate and the connecting plate are detachably connected. The circuit board and the electromagnet fixing plate are sequentially installed at the bottom of the pressing plate from top to bottom. A plurality of evenly arranged mounting holes are opened on the surface of the electromagnet fixing plate for connecting and fixing the circuit control module. The circuit control module is electrically connected to the circuit board and is controlled by the circuit board to achieve the effect of controlling the discharge of the nozzle main body module.

[0008] The nozzle main body module includes a printing block and a molten pool inlet. A molten material cavity is opened inside the printing block and connected to the molten pool inlet. The molten material cavity is used to load molten material. A plurality of evenly arranged discharge ports corresponding to the circuit control module are opened at the bottom of the printing block to enable multiple discharge ports to discharge materials simultaneously, thereby improving printing efficiency.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, the temperature control module includes an insulation pad, an insulation shell, a pair of ceramic heating plates and a temperature sensor; the insulation pad is located on the upper part of the printing block to isolate the heat dissipation inside the printing block; a pair of ceramic heating plates are installed on both sides of the printing block to heat and melt the internal material of the printing block; the insulation shell is fitted on the outer periphery of the printing block and the ceramic heating plates to reduce heat loss; the temperature sensor is detachably installed at the tail end of the printing block to monitor the internal temperature information of the printing block in real time, thereby avoiding overheating of the printing block causing degradation of the chemical structure of the molten material, affecting the mechanical properties and appearance of the print, and also avoiding insufficient temperature inside the printing block causing the molten material to fail to completely melt, resulting in poor extrusion, forming cavities or faults, and affecting printing efficiency.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, the circuit control module includes a plurality of electromagnets, a plurality of springs and a plurality of switch pins; the electromagnets are snap-fitted and installed at the mounting holes of the electromagnet fixing plate, the switch pins are located inside the electromagnets, and the springs are located between the switch pins and the circuit board, and are used to elastically drive the switch pins to move downward to block the discharge port when the electromagnets are not adsorbed.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, the electromagnet includes a lead, a fixed block and a moving block; the fixed block has a cylindrical outline and is located at the mounting hole of the electromagnet fixing plate; the lead is fixedly installed on the top of the fixed block, and the lead is electrically connected to the circuit board; the moving block has a cylindrical outline and is located inside the fixed block, coaxial with the fixed block; the inside of the moving block is detachably connected to the top of the switch pin, and is used to magnetically drive the moving block to drive the switch pin to move after the lead is energized, thereby realizing the opening and closing of the discharge port.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, the switch latch includes a latch body, a pair of upper pins and a switch portion; the distances between the two upper pins of different switch latches are different, which is used to achieve the misalignment of different switch latch positions, thereby creating space for installing electromagnets in the closely arranged discharge ports.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, an extension platform is fixedly installed on the upper part of the melt chamber of the printing block, and a plurality of through holes extending to the top of the printing block are longitudinally opened on the extension platform, and the bottom of the switch latch is slidably connected to the through holes, so as to protect and guide the switch part and reduce deformation of the switch part; a limiting mechanism is provided at the lower part of the melt chamber of the printing block, and a plurality of through grooves corresponding to the discharge ports are longitudinally opened on the limiting mechanism, and the through grooves are slidably connected to the bottom of the switch latch, so as to limit the switch part of the switch latch and prevent the switch part from shifting during sliding.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, a melt pool seal is provided on the side of the printing block away from the melt pool inlet, which is used to ensure the sealing inside the printing block to prevent leakage of molten material, and to maintain a certain pressure inside the printing block to ensure that the material can be stably extruded, thereby improving printing efficiency.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention, a connecting pipe heat-insulating conversion head is provided at the inlet of the molten pool for connecting to the supply system of the molten material and avoiding heat loss during the transfer of the molten material.

[0016] As a further improvement of the present invention, a cooling fan is provided on the top of the melt pool seal, and the cooling fan is detachably connected to the connecting plate to cool the area where the circuit control module is located to prevent the circuit control module from being too hot and affecting the adsorption performance of the electromagnet.

[0017] As a further improvement of the present invention, a pressure sensor is provided at the melt pool seal to monitor the pressure of the material in the printing block to control the stability of the material discharge.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: by setting a circuit control module to control the discharge of the array-arranged discharge ports at the bottom of the nozzle main body module, the entire row of materials can be printed simultaneously, thereby improving the printing efficiency while ensuring the printing quality; by setting a ceramic heating plate on the periphery of the printing block to increase the temperature to prevent the molten material from cooling and solidifying, and by using an insulation pad and an insulation shell to wrap the periphery of the printing block, heat loss and high temperature affecting the normal operation of the circuit control module can be avoided, thereby ensuring that the molten material can be discharged smoothly from the discharge port; by setting a circuit board to drive a pair of upper pins of the switch pin respectively using an electromagnet at the same time, the switch pin is subjected to greater and more uniform force, thereby better realizing the discharge of the molten material; by setting switch pins with different distances between the two upper pins, different switch pins can be misaligned, thereby creating space in the closely arranged discharge ports, so that each switch pin can work independently without affecting each other. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a structural explosion diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 A half-section schematic diagram of a local structure of a switch latch of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the nozzle main body module of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the discharge of the nozzle main body module of the present invention; Figure 6 This is an enlarged view of the structure at A of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the switch pin array structure of the present invention.

[0020] Description of the numbers in the figure: 1 structural support module, 11 pressure plate, 12 connecting plate, 13 circuit board, 14 electromagnet fixing plate, 141 mounting hole, 2 circuit control module, 21 electromagnet, 211 lead, 212 fixed block, 213 moving block, 22 spring, 23 switch latch, 231 latch body, 232 upper pin, 233 switch part, 3 temperature control module, 31 insulation pad, 32 insulation shell, 33 ceramic heating plate, 34 temperature sensor, 4 nozzle main body module, 41 printing block, 42 ​​molten pool inlet, 43 discharge port, 44 extension table, 45 limit mechanism, 46 molten pool seal, 47 connecting pipe insulation conversion head, 5 cooling fan, 6 pressure sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] Specific embodiment 1: Please refer to Figure 1-Figure 7An array type molten FDM 3D printing nozzle, comprising a structure support module 1, a circuit control module 2, a temperature control module 3 and a nozzle main body module 4; the structure support module 1 is located on the upper part of the circuit control module 2, and is used to fix and support the circuit control module 2, the temperature control module 3 and the nozzle main body module 4; the temperature control module 3 is detachably mounted on the periphery of the nozzle main body module 4, and is used to control the temperature inside the nozzle main body module 4; the circuit control module 2 is located on the upper part of the nozzle main body module 4, and is used to control the discharge of the nozzle main body module 4.

[0022] The structural support module 1 includes a pressing plate 11, a connecting plate 12, a circuit board 13 and an electromagnet fixing plate 14, and the pressing plate 11 is detachably connected to the connecting plate 12; the circuit board 13 and the electromagnet fixing plate 14 are sequentially installed at the bottom of the pressing plate 11 from top to bottom, and a plurality of evenly arranged mounting holes 141 are opened on the surface of the electromagnet fixing plate 14 for connecting and fixing the circuit control module 2, and the circuit control module 2 is electrically connected to the circuit board 13; the circuit board 13 slices the model to be printed through the control center to obtain layer-by-layer patterned data, and when the print head moves to the model pattern position, the circuit control module 2 at the corresponding position is started to extrude the material, thereby achieving the effect of discharging the material from the nozzle main body module 4.

[0023] The nozzle main body module 4 includes a printing block 41 and a molten pool inlet 42. A molten material cavity is opened inside the printing block 41 and connected to the molten pool inlet 42. The molten material cavity is used to load molten material. A plurality of evenly arranged discharge ports 43 corresponding to the circuit control module 2 are opened at the bottom of the printing block 41, which are used to discharge materials from multiple discharge ports 43 at the same time, thereby improving printing efficiency.

[0024] Specifically, the printing block 41 may be made of brass, so as to make the printing block 41 have high thermal conductivity.

[0025] Specifically, Figure 2 The temperature control module 3 shown includes a heat insulating pad 31, a heat insulating shell 32, a pair of ceramic heating plates 33 and a temperature sensor 34; the heat insulating pad 31 is located on the upper part of the printing block 41 to isolate the heat dissipation inside the printing block 41; a pair of ceramic heating plates 33 are installed on both sides of the printing block 41 to heat and melt the internal material of the printing block 41; the heat insulating shell 32 is fitted on the outer periphery of the printing block 41 and the ceramic heating plates 33 to reduce heat loss; the temperature sensor 34 is detachably installed at the tail end of the printing block 41 to monitor the internal temperature information of the printing block 41 in real time, so as to avoid overheating of the printing block 41 causing degradation of the chemical structure of the molten material, affecting the mechanical properties and appearance of the printed part, and also avoiding insufficient temperature inside the printing block 41 causing the molten material to fail to completely melt, resulting in poor extrusion, forming cavities or faults, and affecting printing efficiency.

[0026] Specifically, a melt pool seal 46 is provided on one side of the print block 41 away from the melt pool inlet 42, which is used to ensure the sealing inside the print block 41 to prevent leakage of molten material, and to maintain a certain pressure inside the print block 41 to ensure that the material can be stably extruded, thereby improving printing efficiency.

[0027] Specifically, a connecting pipe heat-insulating conversion head 47 is provided at the molten pool inlet 42 for connecting to the supply system of the molten material and preventing heat loss during the transfer of the molten material.

[0028] Specifically, Figure 3 The circuit control module 2 shown includes a plurality of electromagnets 21, a plurality of springs 22 and a plurality of switch pins 23; the electromagnet 21 is snap-fitted and installed at the mounting hole 141 of the electromagnet fixing plate 14, the switch pin 23 is located inside the electromagnet 21, and the spring 22 is located between the switch pin 23 and the circuit board 21, and is used to elastically drive the switch pin 23 to move downward to block the discharge port 43 when the electromagnet 21 is not adsorbed.

[0029] Specifically, a cooling fan 5 is provided on the top of the melt pool seal 46 , and the cooling fan 5 is detachably connected to the connecting plate 12 for cooling the area where the circuit control module 2 is located to prevent the circuit control module 2 from being overheated and affecting the adsorption performance of the electromagnet 21 .

[0030] Specifically, Figure 4 The electromagnet 21 shown includes a lead 211, a fixed block 212 and a movable block 213; the fixed block 212 has a cylindrical outline and is located at the mounting hole 141 of the electromagnet fixing plate 14; the lead 211 is fixedly installed on the top of the fixed block 212, and the lead 211 is electrically connected to the circuit board 13, and is used to receive a switch instruction issued by the circuit board 13 to control the presence or absence of magnetism of the electromagnet 21; the movable block 213 has a cylindrical outline and is located inside the fixed block 212, and is coaxial with the fixed block 212; the inside of the movable block 213 is detachably connected to the top of the switch pin 23, and is used to drive the movable block 213 to drive the switch pin 23 to move when the lead 211 is energized by magnetic force, thereby realizing the opening and closing of the discharge port 43.

[0031] Specifically, a pressure sensor 6 is provided at the melt pool seal 46 for monitoring the pressure of the material in the printing block 41 to control the stability of the material discharge and ensure that the material is evenly extruded during the printing process, thereby improving the interlayer adhesion and printing accuracy and reducing printing defects.

[0032] Specifically, Figure 7 The switch pin 23 shown includes a pin body 231, a pair of upper pins 232 and a switch portion 233; the distance between the two upper pins 232 of different switch pins 23 is different, which is used to achieve the misalignment of the positions of different switch pins 23, thereby creating space for installing the electromagnet 21 in the closely arranged discharge port 43.

[0033] Specifically, Figure 5-Figure 6 An extension platform 44 is fixedly installed on the upper part of the melt chamber of the printing block 41 shown in the figure. The extension platform 44 has a plurality of through holes extending to the top of the printing block 41 in the longitudinal direction. The switch part 233 at the bottom of the switch latch 23 is slidably connected with the through holes, which are used to protect and guide the switch part 233 and reduce the deformation of the switch part 233. A limiting mechanism 45 is provided at the lower part of the melt chamber of the printing block 41. The limiting mechanism 45 has a plurality of through grooves corresponding to the discharge port 43 in the longitudinal direction. The through grooves are slidably connected with the switch part 233 at the bottom of the switch latch 23, which are used to limit the switch part 233 to avoid displacement of the switch part 233 during sliding, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the equipment.

[0034] During use, an array-type molten FDM 3D printing nozzle of the present invention is installed on a single-direction driven guide rail, and the model to be printed is sliced ​​by the control center to obtain pattern data layer by layer, and the data of each layer is imported into the nozzle, and the nozzle is driven by the motor to move, so that the nozzle can directly discharge the material to cover the entire printing range; the material is transported to the inside of the printing block 41 through the molten pool inlet 42, and the ceramic heating plates 33 on both sides of the printing block 41 heat the material; when the nozzle moves to the model pattern position, the circuit board 13 where the printing area at this position needs to be located will be connected to the circuit, so that the moving block 213 corresponding to the electromagnet 21 is relative to the fixed block 212 rises, driving the switch latch 23 to rise, and the switch part 233 at the lower part of the switch latch 23 will be separated from the position of the discharge port 43, so that the molten material flows from between the switch part 233 and the limiting mechanism 45 to the discharge port 43, and is squeezed out from the discharge port 43, thereby forming the shape of the pattern at this position; after printing is completed at this location, the control of the circuit board 13 will be disconnected, and the movable block 213 will be driven by the elastic force of the spring 22 to drive the switch latch 23 to move downward after no magnetic force is driven, and the switch part 233 closes the discharge port 43, thereby achieving precise control of the printing position and improving the printing efficiency and printing quality.

[0035] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An array type molten FDM 3D printing nozzle, characterized in that: The invention comprises a structural support module (1), a circuit control module (2), a temperature control module (3) and a nozzle main body module (4); the structural support module (1) is located on the upper part of the circuit control module (2) and is used to fix and support the circuit control module (2), the temperature control module (3) and the nozzle main body module (4); the temperature control module (3) is detachably mounted on the outer periphery of the nozzle main body module (4) and is used to control the temperature inside the nozzle main body module (4); the circuit control module (2) is located on the upper part of the nozzle main body module (4) and is used to control the discharge of the nozzle main body module (4); The structural support module (1) comprises a pressing plate (11), a connecting plate (12), a circuit board (13) and an electromagnet fixing plate (14); the pressing plate (11) and the connecting plate (12) are detachably connected; the circuit board (13) and the electromagnet fixing plate (14) are located at the bottom of the pressing plate (11); a surface of the electromagnet fixing plate (14) is provided with a plurality of evenly arranged mounting holes (141) for connecting and fixing the circuit control module (2); The nozzle main body module (4) comprises a printing block (41) and a molten pool inlet (42); a molten material cavity is formed inside the printing block (41) and is connected to the molten pool inlet (42); the molten material cavity is used to load molten material; a plurality of evenly arranged discharge ports (43) corresponding to the circuit control module (2) are formed at the bottom of the printing block (41) and are used to discharge material from the plurality of discharge ports (43) simultaneously.

2. The array type molten FDM 3D printing nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature control module (3) comprises a heat insulating pad (31), a heat insulating shell (32), a pair of ceramic heating plates (33) and a temperature sensor (34); the heat insulating pad (31) is located on the upper part of the printing block (41) and is used to isolate the heat dissipation inside the printing block (41); the pair of ceramic heating plates (33) are installed on both sides of the printing block (41) and are used to heat and melt the material inside the printing block (41); the heat insulating shell (32) is fitted on the outer periphery of the printing block (41) and the ceramic heating plates (33) and is used to reduce heat loss; the temperature sensor (34) is detachably installed at the rear end of the printing block (41) and is used to monitor the internal temperature information of the printing block (41) in real time.

3. The array type molten FDM 3D printing nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circuit control module (2) comprises a plurality of electromagnets (21), a plurality of springs (22) and a plurality of switch pins (23); the electromagnets (21) are mounted in a mounting hole (141) of an electromagnet fixing plate (14); the switch pins (23) are located inside the electromagnets (21); and the springs (22) are located between the switch pins (23) and the circuit board (13) and are used to elastically drive the switch pins (23) to move downward to block the discharge port (43).

4. The array type molten FDM 3D printing nozzle according to claim 3, characterized in that: The electromagnet (21) comprises a lead (211), a fixed block (212) and a movable block (213); the fixed block (212) has a cylindrical profile and is located at a mounting hole (141) of the electromagnet fixing plate (14); the lead (211) is fixedly mounted on the top of the fixed block (212), and the lead (211) is electrically connected to the circuit board (13); the movable block (213) has a cylindrical profile and is located inside the fixed block (212) and coaxial with the fixed block (212); the inside of the movable block (213) is detachably connected to the top of the switch pin (23) and is used to drive the switch pin (23) to move.

5. The array type molten FDM 3D printing nozzle according to claim 3, characterized in that: The switch latch (23) comprises a latch body (231), a pair of upper pins (232) and a switch portion (233); the distance between the two upper pins (232) of different switch latches (23) is different, so as to achieve misalignment of the positions of different switch latches (23).

6. The array type molten FDM 3D printing nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: An extension platform (44) is fixedly mounted on the upper portion of the melt chamber of the printing block (41), the extension platform (44) having a plurality of through holes extending to the top of the printing block (41) in the longitudinal direction, the bottom of the switch latch (23) being slidably connected to the through holes; a limiting mechanism (45) is provided at the lower portion of the melt chamber of the printing block (41), the limiting mechanism (45) having a plurality of through slots corresponding to the discharge port (43) in the longitudinal direction, the through slots being slidably connected to the bottom of the switch latch (23) for limiting the switch latch (23).

7. The array type molten FDM 3D printing nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: A melt pool seal (46) is provided on a side of the printing block (41) away from the melt pool inlet (42) to ensure sealing inside the printing block (41) and prevent material leakage.

8. The array type molten FDM 3D printing nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting pipe heat-insulating conversion head (47) is provided at the molten pool inlet (42) for connecting to a molten material supply system and preventing heat loss during the transfer of the molten material.

9. The array type molten FDM 3D printing nozzle according to claim 7, characterized in that: A cooling fan (5) is provided on the top of the melt pool seal (46), and the cooling fan (5) is detachably connected to the connecting plate (12) and is used to cool the area where the circuit control module (2) is located.

10. The array type molten FDM 3D printing nozzle according to claim 7, characterized in that: A pressure sensor (6) is provided at the melt pool seal (46) for monitoring the pressure of the material in the printing block (41) to control the stability of the material discharge.

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