Fabricated modular construction method for building heat exchange station machine room of hotel

Abstract

The invention provides a building heat exchange station machine room assembly type modular construction method for a hotel, and belongs to the technical field of building construction, and the method comprises the steps: building a three-dimensional model through the measurement of a total station and BIM software; a typical heat exchange load demand scene is determined; establishing a multi-objective optimization model; solving the optimization model to obtain an optimal segmentation parameter; segmenting the digital module; prefabricating and processing pipelines in a factory and performing quality control; the prefabricated pipelines are coded and assembled into unit modules; and finally carrying out field assembly. According to the method, technologies such as accurate measurement, digital modeling, multi-objective optimization and modular prefabrication are combined, and efficient and accurate design and construction of the heat exchange station machine room are achieved. The mode of factory prefabrication and on-site assembly is adopted, the on-site construction time is greatly shortened, and the construction quality and precision are improved; the problems that according to a traditional construction method, pipeline layout is difficult to accurately control, equipment installation needs to be adjusted and reworked on site, and construction efficiency is affected are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of building construction, and in particular relates to an assembled modular construction method for a machine room of a building heat exchange station for a hotel. Background Art

[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization and the improvement of people's living standards, the hotel industry is booming. As one of the core facilities of hotel operations, the heat exchange station plays a vital role in ensuring the comfort of guest rooms, maintaining the environment of public areas, and providing hot water. The traditional construction of hotel heat exchange station room mainly adopts on-site construction, which has many problems and challenges:

[0003] First, on-site construction is affected by many factors, such as weather conditions, construction team skill level, material supply, etc., which often lead to extended construction period and difficulty in ensuring quality. Especially in hotel renovation or expansion projects, construction noise and dust will seriously affect normal operations, causing economic losses and customer complaints.

[0004] Secondly, it is difficult to accurately control the pipeline layout and equipment installation with traditional construction methods, and "collision" problems often occur, requiring on-site adjustments and rework, which not only increases costs but also affects the efficiency of system operation. At the same time, due to the lack of overall planning and optimization, it often leads to low space utilization and difficult maintenance.

[0005] Third, the existing heat exchange station design often adopts a "one-size-fits-all" approach, without fully considering the particularity of hotel operations. The energy demand of hotels has obvious seasonal and time characteristics, such as peak cooling demand in summer, peak heating demand in winter, and low load period in the middle of the night. Traditional designs are difficult to flexibly respond to these changes, resulting in the system running in a non-optimal state most of the time, resulting in serious energy waste.

[0006] Fourth, the quality control of on-site construction is difficult, and problems such as loose pipe connections and inadequate insulation are prone to occur, affecting the long-term stable operation of the system. At the same time, due to the lack of standardization and modular design, subsequent maintenance and updates are difficult, increasing the hotel's operating costs.

[0007] Fifth, traditional design methods are difficult to achieve multi-objective optimization. The heat exchange station system involves multiple objectives such as energy consumption, heat exchange efficiency, installation cost, space utilization, response time, noise control, etc. These objectives often have mutual constraints and contradictions. Existing technologies are difficult to find the best balance between these objectives, resulting in poor overall system performance.

[0008] Finally, the existing technology lacks in-depth analysis and utilization of the actual hotel operation data. Many designs are still based on experience and theoretical calculations, and fail to fully consider the actual load characteristics and operation mode of the hotel, resulting in a deviation between the system design and actual needs.

[0009] In the face of these problems, a new construction method for the heat exchange station room is urgently needed, which can improve the construction efficiency and quality, realize the precise optimization of the system, and flexibly respond to the special needs of hotel operations. The present invention is aimed at these technical problems and proposes an innovative modular construction method for the heat exchange station room of a hotel building. Summary of the invention

[0010] In view of this, the present invention provides an assembled modular construction method for a building heat exchange station room for a hotel, which can solve the problem that traditional construction methods are difficult to accurately control pipeline layout and equipment installation, requiring on-site adjustment and rework, affecting construction efficiency.

[0011] The present invention is achieved in that:

[0012] The present invention provides an assembled modular construction method for a building heat exchange station room for a hotel, comprising the following steps:

[0013] S10, using a total station to recheck and measure the hotel's building structure to obtain actual size data; and using building information modeling software to establish a three-dimensional model of the pipeline in the heat exchange station room based on the actual size data; specifically: using a total station to recheck and measure the actual structure of the hotel building to obtain the actual size data of each key part. The total station is a high-precision measuring instrument that integrates measurement, calculation, and mapping, and can quickly and efficiently obtain the actual size information of the building. During the measurement process, multiple measurement points need to be arranged at key locations. Through the automatic scanning and splicing functions of the total station, the three-dimensional point cloud data of the building can be obtained. Subsequently, the actual size data obtained is imported into the building information modeling (BIM) software, and the three-dimensional virtual model of the hotel heat exchange station room is established using the BIM modeling function. BIM software can convert actual size information into a visual three-dimensional model, and support the refined modeling of electromechanical systems such as pipelines and equipment. Through the BIM model, key information such as the spatial layout and pipeline direction of the heat exchange station room can be intuitively displayed.

[0014] S20. According to the hotel's operating characteristics and seasonal demand changes, determine the hotel's multiple typical heat exchange load demand scenarios; specifically: it is necessary to deeply analyze the hotel's operating characteristics and seasonal demand changes, and determine the four typical heat exchange load scenarios that the hotel's heat exchange station system needs to deal with. The first is the summer peak period, characterized by full rooms + all cooling facilities in operation; the second is the winter peak period, characterized by full rooms + all heating facilities in operation; the third is the late night low load period, characterized by an occupancy rate of 20-40%, only maintaining basic cooling / heating needs, public area equipment operating at minimum load, hot water demand reduced to 20% of the daily average, and total energy consumption reduced to 25-35% of the peak load; the fourth is the off-season daily operation period, characterized by an occupancy rate of about 50-60%, some public facilities maintaining normal operation, restaurants and other facilities flexibly adjusted according to actual needs, total energy consumption maintained at 60-70% of the peak load, and intermittent fluctuations in heat exchange demand.

[0015] S30, establishing a multi-objective optimization model for module segmentation of the three-dimensional model of the computer room pipeline;

[0016] S40. According to different typical heat exchange load demand scenarios, solve the multi-objective optimization model to obtain multiple preferred segmentation parameters, conduct comprehensive evaluation and weight analysis on the multiple preferred segmentation parameters, and consider the frequency and importance of each scenario to obtain the optimal segmentation parameters; specifically: first, input the parameters of the four typical heat exchange load demand scenarios determined in step S20 into the multi-objective optimization model established in step S30, and solve the optimal pipeline segmentation parameters in each scenario through a multi-objective optimization algorithm (such as genetic algorithm, particle swarm algorithm, etc.). Then, conduct a comprehensive evaluation and weight analysis on these preferred segmentation parameters. Consider the frequency and importance of each typical scenario and give different weight coefficients. After weighted averaging, an optimal pipeline segmentation parameter solution with the highest comprehensive score is obtained. This provides a reliable basis for subsequent digital modular design.

[0017] S50, digitally segment the three-dimensional model of the pipeline in the heat exchange station room according to the optimal segmentation parameters, and generate pipeline segmentation processing drawings and assembly drawings; specifically: import the optimal pipeline segmentation parameters determined in step S40 into the BIM software, and use the modular design tool of the BIM software to automatically divide the overall pipeline model into multiple detachable module units. Each module unit includes components such as pipelines, valves, and brackets. Subsequently, a detailed processing drawing of each pipeline module unit is generated, including pipe segment size, interface standards, welding process, etc. Finally, according to the assembly sequence and connection method of the pipeline module, an overall pipeline assembly drawing is generated. Through this step of digital module segmentation, the originally complex integrated pipeline system is split into multiple standardized module units, providing a reliable basis for subsequent factory prefabrication and on-site rapid assembly.

[0018] S60, import the pipeline segment processing diagram parameters into the factory automation equipment, and use the fully automatic cutting and welding equipment to prefabricate the pipeline; specifically: import the pipeline segment processing diagram parameters generated in step S50 into the factory automation equipment, use the fully automatic CNC cutting machine to accurately cut the pipe, and control the cutting error within ±2 mm. Then send the cut pipe segment to the automatic welding equipment, use the welding machine to automatically scan the pipe segment interface, and realize the automatic welding of the pipe segment according to the welding process parameters. The prefabricated pipeline is measured and controlled, and high-precision measuring equipment such as a three-coordinate measuring instrument is used to ensure that the error of parameters such as the size of each pipe segment and the position of the interface is controlled within 5 mm. Through the factory's automated processing and precise measurement, the high precision and consistency of pipeline prefabrication can be ensured.

[0019] S70, segmentally encode the prefabricated pipeline according to the assembly plan, and assemble the prefabricated pipeline and valve components into pipeline unit modules according to the assembly drawings; specifically: first, according to the pipeline assembly drawings generated in step S50, compile a unique coding identification for each pipeline module unit. The coding rules may include key information such as module serial number, pipe diameter, and pipe length, which is convenient for on-site identification and positioning. Then, the prefabricated pipe segments and various valves, brackets and other components are assembled into a complete pipeline unit module according to the requirements of the assembly drawings. The pipe segment connection inside the module adopts quick connectors or flange connections, which is convenient for on-site disassembly. Finally, the weight, size, lifting point and other parameters of each pipeline unit module are entered into the BIM model to provide a reference for subsequent on-site lifting. Through this step of segment coding and component assembly, the originally complex pipeline system can be converted into multiple standardized pipeline unit modules.

[0020] S80, assemble the pipeline unit module according to the assembly drawing; specifically: first, determine the installation position and order of each pipeline unit module according to the BIM model and the pipeline assembly drawing of step S50. Use mechanical equipment such as a crane to lift the prefabricated pipeline unit module to the specified position. Connect the quick connectors or flange connectors between adjacent pipeline unit modules and perform a sealing check. Complete the installation of each pipeline unit module in turn and connect them according to the pipeline direction shown in the assembly drawing. After completing the installation of all pipeline modules, immediately perform an overall air tightness or water pressure test to ensure that the pipeline is well sealed. Finally, perform pipeline debugging and system performance testing to ensure that the heat exchange station room system can meet the load requirements under different operating scenarios.

[0021] On the basis of the above technical solution, the modular construction method for the building heat exchange station room for a hotel of the present invention can also be improved as follows:

[0022] Among them, the optimization objectives of the multi-objective optimization model include minimizing total system energy consumption, maximizing heat exchange efficiency, minimizing installation and maintenance costs, maximizing space utilization, minimizing system response time, and minimizing pipeline noise.

[0023] Furthermore, after the step of prefabrication of the pipeline using the fully automatic cutting and welding equipment is completed, the step of actual measurement and quantity control of the prefabricated pipeline is also included to ensure that the error is controlled within 5 mm.

[0024] Furthermore, multiple typical heat exchange load demand scenarios of the hotel include: summer peak period, winter peak period, late night low load period, and off-season daily operation period: the summer peak period is characterized by full occupancy + all refrigeration facilities are in operation; the winter peak period is characterized by full occupancy + all heating facilities are in operation; the late night low load period is characterized by: occupancy rate of 20-40%, only maintaining basic cooling / heating needs, public area equipment operating at minimum load, hot water demand reduced to 20% of the daily average, and total energy consumption reduced to 25-35% of the peak load; the off-season daily operation period is characterized by: occupancy rate of about 50-60%, some public facilities maintain normal operation, restaurants and other facilities are flexibly adjusted according to actual needs, total energy consumption is maintained at 60-70% of the peak load, and heat exchange demand fluctuates intermittently.

[0025] Furthermore, the constraints of the multi-objective optimization model include: total heat load of the heat exchange station ≥ maximum design heat load, pipeline pressure loss ≤ maximum allowable pressure loss, pipeline flow rate ≤ maximum allowable flow rate, heat exchange area of ​​the heat exchanger ≥ calculated required heat exchange area, equipment floor area ≤ 80% of the available machine room area, system response time ≤ 15 minutes, pipeline noise ≤ 45 decibels, and system energy efficiency ratio (COP) ≥ 4.5.

[0026] The following is a detailed description of each objective function in the optimization objective of the multi-objective optimization model:

[0027] 1. Minimum total system energy consumption:

[0028]

[0029] In the formula, E total is the total energy consumption of the system (kWh); P i is the power of the ith power device (kW); t i is the operating time of the ith power equipment (h); Q j is the thermal power of the jth thermal energy equipment (kW); t j is the operating time of the jth thermal energy equipment (h); n is the number of power equipment; m is the number of thermal energy equipment; ε E is the energy consumption error term (kWh).

[0030] Parameter acquisition method:

[0031] P i and Q j Can be obtained from the equipment nameplate or specification sheet; i and t j Obtained through energy management system records; E Estimated by comparing the difference between theoretically calculated values ​​and actual measured values.

[0032] 2. Maximum heat exchange efficiency:

[0033]

[0034] Where η is the heat transfer efficiency; Q actual is the actual heat transfer (kW); Q theoretical is the theoretical maximum heat transfer (kW); U is the total heat transfer coefficient (W / (m 2 ·K)); A is the heat exchange area (m 2 );C min is the minimum heat capacity flow rate (W / K); ε η is the efficiency error term.

[0035] Parameter acquisition method:

[0036] Q actual Measured by temperature sensor and flow meter: in is the mass flow rate (kg / s), c p is the specific heat capacity (J / (kg·K)), T out and T in are the outlet and inlet temperatures (K), respectively;

[0037] Q theoretical Obtained through thermodynamic calculations; U estimated through experiments or empirical formulas; A obtained from heat exchanger specifications; C min By comparing the heat capacity of the cold and hot fluids, the flow rate takes the smaller value.

[0038] 3. Minimum installation and maintenance costs:

[0039]

[0040] In the formula, C total is the total cost (yuan); C install is the initial installation cost (yuan); C maint，k is the maintenance cost in the kth year (yuan); r is the discount rate; T is the expected life of the system (year); ε C is the cost error term (yuan).

[0041] Parameter acquisition method:

[0042] C install Estimated based on equipment price, labor cost, etc.; C maint,k Estimated based on historical data and forecasting models; r is determined with reference to bank interest rates or the company's internal rate of return requirements, usually between 3% and 8%; T is determined based on equipment life and hotel planning, generally 15-20 years.

[0043] 4. Maximum space utilization:

[0044]

[0045] Where U space is the space utilization rate; V equip is the total volume of the equipment (m 3 );V room is the total volume of the machine room (m 3 );S access is the accessible area of ​​the equipment (m 2 );S total is the total area of ​​the machine room (m 2 ); U is the utilization error term.

[0046] Parameter acquisition method:

[0047] V equip Obtained through BIM model or actual measurement; V room Obtained through architectural drawings or on-site measurements; access and S total Obtained through CAD drawings or on-site measurements.

[0048] 5. Shortest system response time:

[0049]

[0050] Where, T response is the system response time (s); T delay is the system delay time (s); T rise is the rise time (s); t is the observation time (s); τ is the system time constant (s); ε T is the time error term (s).

[0051] Parameter acquisition method:

[0052] Obtained through system step response experiment, the steps are as follows:

[0053] 1. Under steady-state conditions, suddenly change the system input;

[0054] 2. Record changes in system output over time;

[0055] 3. Analyze the response curve and determine T delay , T rise and τ.

[0056] 6. Minimum pipeline noise:

[0057]

[0058] Where, L p is the total sound pressure level (dB); L p，i is the sound pressure level of the ith noise source (dB); v is the fluid velocity (m / s); v0 is the reference velocity (usually 1m / s); d is the pipe diameter (m); d0 is the reference pipe diameter (usually 1m); K1 and K2 are empirical coefficients; ε L is the noise error term (dB).

[0059] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the assembled modular construction method for the building heat exchange station room of a hotel provided by the present invention are:

[0060] 1. Improve construction efficiency and quality: By introducing total station measurement and BIM technology, accurate modeling of the heat exchange station room is achieved. The use of factory prefabrication and on-site assembly greatly reduces on-site construction time and improves construction quality and accuracy.

[0061] 2. Optimize system performance: The present invention establishes a multi-objective optimization model, which comprehensively considers multiple objectives such as energy consumption, heat exchange efficiency, cost, space utilization, response time and noise. Through mathematical modeling and optimization algorithms, the optimal balance between these objectives is found, which significantly improves the overall performance of the system.

[0062] 3. Adapting to hotel operation characteristics: The method takes into account multiple typical scenarios of hotel operation, such as summer peak period, winter peak period, late night low load period and off-season daily operation period. Through comprehensive analysis and weight evaluation of these scenarios, the designed system can flexibly respond to load changes and maintain efficient operation under different operating conditions.

[0063] In summary, the method of the present invention has made significant progress in improving construction efficiency, optimizing system performance, adapting to hotel characteristics, energy saving and environmental protection, and improving user experience, providing a new and efficient solution for the construction of hotel heat exchange station rooms. It solves the problem that traditional construction methods are difficult to accurately control pipeline layout and equipment installation requires on-site adjustment and rework, which affects construction efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0064] Figure 1 A flow chart of the method provided by the present invention;

[0065] Figure 2This is a diagram of energy consumption distribution under different operating scenarios;

[0066] Figure 3 This is the BIM model diagram of the heat exchange station room of a five-star hotel;

[0067] Figure 4 It is a scatter plot of pipeline installation accuracy distribution;

[0068] Figure 5 A comparison chart of traditional construction methods. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0069] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0070] like Figure 1 As shown, it is a flow chart of a modular construction method for a building heat exchange station room for a hotel provided by the present invention, and the method comprises the following steps:

[0071] S10. Use a total station to recheck and measure the hotel's building structure to obtain actual size data; and use building information modeling software to establish a three-dimensional model of the heat exchange station room pipeline based on the actual size data;

[0072] S20. Determine multiple typical heat exchange load demand scenarios for the hotel based on the hotel's operational characteristics and seasonal demand changes;

[0073] S30, establishing a multi-objective optimization model for module segmentation of the three-dimensional model of the computer room pipeline;

[0074] S40, according to different typical heat exchange load demand scenarios, solve the multi-objective optimization model to obtain multiple preferred segmentation parameters, conduct comprehensive evaluation and weight analysis on the multiple preferred segmentation parameters, consider the frequency and importance of each scenario, and obtain the optimal segmentation parameters;

[0075] S50, segmenting the three-dimensional model of the pipeline in the heat exchange station room into digital modules according to the optimal segmentation parameters, and generating a pipeline segmentation processing drawing and an assembly drawing;

[0076] S60, importing the pipeline segment processing drawing parameters into the factory automation equipment, and using the fully automatic cutting and welding equipment to prefabricate the pipeline;

[0077] S70, encoding the prefabricated pipeline in sections according to the assembly plan, and assembling the prefabricated pipeline and valve components into pipeline unit modules according to the assembly drawings;

[0078] S80, assembling the pipeline unit module according to the assembly drawing.

[0079] The specific implementation methods of the above steps are described in detail below:

[0080] Step S10: Use a total station to recheck and measure the hotel's building structure to obtain actual size data; and use building information modeling software to establish a three-dimensional model of the pipeline in the heat exchange station room based on the actual size data.

[0081] First, the total station will be used to recheck the actual structure of the hotel building and obtain the actual size data of each key part. The total station is a high-precision measuring instrument that integrates measurement, calculation, and mapping, and can quickly and efficiently obtain the actual size information of the building. During the measurement process, multiple measurement points need to be arranged at key locations. Through the automatic scanning and splicing functions of the total station, the three-dimensional point cloud data of the building can be obtained.

[0082] Secondly, the actual size data obtained is imported into the building information modeling (BIM) software, and the BIM modeling function is used to build a three-dimensional virtual model of the hotel heat exchange station room. BIM software can convert actual size information into a visual three-dimensional model and support the refined modeling of electromechanical systems such as pipelines and equipment. Through the BIM model, key information such as the spatial layout and pipeline direction of the heat exchange station room can be intuitively displayed.

[0083] The main purpose of this step is to obtain the actual size data of the hotel building and build a three-dimensional simulation model of the pipelines in the heat exchange station room based on this data. Total station measurement can ensure the accuracy of the data, and BIM modeling can intuitively present the spatial distribution of the pipeline system. This provides the necessary basic data and model support for subsequent modular design and optimization.

[0084] Step S20: Determine multiple typical heat exchange load demand scenarios of the hotel based on the hotel's operating characteristics and seasonal demand changes.

[0085] In this step, it is necessary to deeply analyze the hotel's operating characteristics and seasonal demand changes to determine the typical heat exchange load scenarios that the hotel's heat exchange station system needs to cope with. There are mainly four typical scenarios:

[0086] 1. Summer peak period: characterized by full occupancy and operation of all cooling facilities. In this scenario, the cooling load of hotel rooms, public areas, and kitchens reaches the annual peak.

[0087] 2. Winter peak period: characterized by full occupancy and operation of all heating facilities. In this scenario, the heating load of hotel rooms, public areas, and kitchens reaches the annual peak.

[0088] 3. Late-night low-load period: characterized by an occupancy rate of 20-40%, only maintaining basic cooling / heating needs, public area equipment running at minimum load, hot water demand reduced to 20% of the daily average, and total energy consumption reduced to 25-35% of the peak load. In this scenario, the system load drops significantly.

[0089] 4. Off-season daily operation period: characterized by an occupancy rate of about 50-60%, some public facilities maintaining normal operation, restaurants and other facilities flexibly adjusted according to actual needs, total energy consumption maintained at 60-70% of the peak load, and intermittent fluctuations in heat exchange demand. In this scenario, the system load is between the peak period and the late night period.

[0090] In-depth analysis of these typical scenarios will help to establish an optimization model that is closer to actual operating conditions and provide a reasonable demand basis for the modular design of the heat exchange station room.

[0091] Step S30: Establish a multi-objective optimization model for module segmentation of the three-dimensional model of the computer room pipeline, wherein the optimization objectives of the multi-objective optimization model include minimizing total system energy consumption, maximizing heat exchange efficiency, minimizing installation and maintenance costs, maximizing space utilization, minimizing system response time, and minimizing pipeline noise.

[0092] In this step, a multi-objective optimization model needs to be established to guide the module segmentation of the three-dimensional model of the heat exchange station room pipeline. This optimization model contains the following six objective functions:

[0093] 1. Minimum total system energy consumption:

[0094]

[0095] Among them, E total is the total energy consumption of the system (kWh); P i is the power of the ith power device (kW); t i is the operating time of the ith power equipment (h); Q j is the thermal power of the jth thermal energy equipment (kW); t j is the operating time of the jth thermal energy equipment (h); n is the number of power equipment; m is the number of thermal energy equipment; ε E is the energy consumption error term (kWh).

[0096] 2. Maximum heat exchange efficiency:

[0097]

[0098] Where η is the heat transfer efficiency; Q actual is the actual heat transfer (kW); Q theoretical is the theoretical maximum heat transfer (kW); U is the total heat transfer coefficient (W / (m 2·K)); A is the heat exchange area (m 2 );C min is the minimum heat capacity flow rate (W / K); ε η is the efficiency error term.

[0099] 3. Minimum installation and maintenance costs:

[0100]

[0101] Among them, C total is the total cost (yuan); C install is the initial installation cost (yuan); C maint，k is the maintenance cost in the kth year (yuan); r is the discount rate; T is the expected life of the system (year); ε c is the cost error term (yuan).

[0102] 4. Maximum space utilization:

[0103]

[0104] Among them, U space is the space utilization rate; V equip is the total volume of the equipment (m 3 );V room is the total volume of the machine room (m3); S access is the accessible area of ​​the equipment (m 2 );S total is the total area of ​​the machine room (m 2 ); U is the utilization error term.

[0105] 5. Shortest system response time:

[0106]

[0107] Among them, T response is the system response time (s); T delay is the system delay time (s); T rise is the rise time (s); t is the observation time (s); τ is the system time constant (s); ε T is the time error term (s).

[0108] 6. Minimum pipeline noise:

[0109]

[0110] Among them, L p is the total sound pressure level (dB); L p，iis the sound pressure level of the ith noise source (dB); v is the fluid velocity (m / s); v0 is the reference velocity (usually 1m / s); d is the pipe diameter (m); d0 is the reference pipe diameter (usually 1m); K1 and K2 are empirical coefficients; ε L is the noise error term (dB).

[0111] These objective functions cover key indicators such as energy consumption, heat transfer performance, cost, space utilization, response speed and noise of the heat exchange station system. The purpose of the multi-objective optimization model is to find the best balance between these indicators and provide a basis for subsequent modular design.

[0112] Step S40: according to different typical heat exchange load demand scenarios, solve the multi-objective optimization model to obtain multiple preferred segmentation parameters, conduct comprehensive evaluation and weight analysis on the multiple preferred segmentation parameters, consider the frequency and importance of each scenario, and obtain the optimal segmentation parameters.

[0113] In this step, the multi-objective optimization model established in step S30 is solved respectively according to the four typical heat exchange load demand scenarios determined in step S20 to obtain multiple preferred pipeline segmentation parameter solutions.

[0114] Specifically, the load data of different scenarios, such as power, temperature, flow, etc., are substituted into the objective function of the optimization model, and the optimal segmentation parameters under each scenario are solved through multi-objective optimization algorithms (such as genetic algorithm, particle swarm algorithm, etc.). These parameters include pipeline length, pipe diameter, and return water temperature difference.

[0115] Then, these optimal segmentation parameters are comprehensively evaluated and weighted. First, the frequency and importance of each typical scenario are considered and different weight coefficients are given. For example, the peak periods in summer and winter can be given higher weights, while the low-load period in the middle of the night can be given lower weights.

[0116] Secondly, the performance indicators of these preferred solutions (such as energy consumption, heat transfer efficiency, cost, etc.) are weighted averaged to obtain a comprehensive score. The solution with a high comprehensive score is the optimal pipeline segmentation parameter.

[0117] Through this step of optimization and comprehensive evaluation, a set of optimal pipeline segmentation parameters can be obtained, which not only takes into account the needs of various typical operation scenarios, but also takes into account the overall performance of the system. This provides a reliable reference for subsequent digital modular design.

[0118] Step S50: digitally segmenting the three-dimensional model of the pipeline in the heat exchange station machine room according to the optimal segmentation parameters, and generating a pipeline segmentation processing drawing and an assembly drawing.

[0119] After the optimal pipeline segmentation parameters determined in step S40 are obtained, the three-dimensional pipeline model of the heat exchange station room will be digitally modularized in the BIM software. The specific steps are as follows:

[0120] 1. Import the optimal segmentation parameters into the BIM model, including pipeline length, pipe diameter, and return water temperature difference.

[0121] 2. Based on these segmentation parameters, the modular design tool of BIM software is used to automatically divide the overall pipeline model into multiple detachable modular units. Each modular unit includes pipes, valves, brackets and other components.

[0122] 3. Generate detailed processing drawings for each pipeline module unit, including pipe section size, interface standards, welding process, etc.

[0123] 4. Generate the overall pipeline assembly drawing according to the assembly sequence and connection method of the pipeline module. The assembly drawing describes the connection relationship between each module unit and the steps of installation and debugging.

[0124] Through this step of digital module segmentation, the originally complex integrated pipeline system can be split into multiple standardized module units. This is not only conducive to prefabrication in the factory, but also provides a reliable drawing basis for rapid on-site assembly. The degree of refinement of modular design directly affects the subsequent factory production and on-site installation efficiency.

[0125] Step S60: Import the pipeline segment processing drawing parameters into factory automation equipment, and use fully automatic cutting and welding equipment to prefabricate the pipeline; perform actual measurement and quantity control on the prefabricated pipeline to ensure that the error is controlled within 5 mm.

[0126] After the pipeline segment processing diagram generated in step S50 is obtained, these parameters will be imported into the factory's automation equipment to realize the prefabrication of the pipeline. The specific steps are as follows:

[0127] 1.Transfer the size, interface, material and other parameters in the pipeline segment processing drawing to the CNC cutting machine and automatic welding equipment.

[0128] 2. Use a fully automatic CNC cutting machine to accurately cut the pipe according to the requirements of the processing drawing. Laser positioning and high-precision tools are used during the cutting process to ensure that the cutting error is within ±2mm.

[0129] 3. The cut pipe sections are fed into the automatic welding equipment, and the welding machine automatically scans the pipe section interface and realizes automatic welding of the pipe section according to the welding process parameters. The welding quality is detected and fed back in real time by the built-in online monitoring system of the welding machine.

[0130] 4. Conduct actual measurement and control of prefabricated pipes, using high-precision measuring equipment such as three-coordinate measuring machines to ensure that the error of parameters such as the size of each pipe section and the position of the interface is controlled within 5 mm. For pipe sections that exceed the allowable error, rework them immediately.

[0131] Through the factory's automated processing and precision measurement, the high accuracy and consistency of pipeline prefabrication can be ensured, laying a good foundation for subsequent on-site assembly. At the same time, this prefabrication processing method has also greatly improved production efficiency and reduced the difficulty of on-site construction.

[0132] Step S70: segmentally encode the prefabricated pipeline according to the assembly plan, and assemble the prefabricated pipeline and valve components into a pipeline unit module according to the assembly drawing.

[0133] After the prefabrication of the pipeline is completed, these pipe sections need to be coded and assembled to form a pipeline unit module that can be directly installed. The specific steps are as follows:

[0134] 1. According to the pipeline assembly drawing generated in step S50, a unique coding identification is compiled for each pipeline module unit. The coding rules may include key information such as module serial number, pipe diameter, pipe length, etc., to facilitate on-site identification and positioning.

[0135] 2. Assemble the prefabricated pipe sections, various valves, brackets and other components into a complete pipeline unit module according to the requirements of the assembly drawings. The pipe sections inside the module are connected by quick connectors or flanges to facilitate on-site disassembly.

[0136] 3. Carry out a comprehensive inspection of the assembled pipeline unit module to ensure that all components are firmly installed, the pipeline is unobstructed, and the interface is well sealed. If necessary, an air tightness or water pressure test can be carried out.

[0137] 4. Enter the weight, size, lifting point and other parameters of each pipeline unit module into the BIM model to provide a reference for subsequent on-site lifting.

[0138] Through this step of segment coding and component assembly, the originally complex pipeline system can be transformed into multiple standardized pipeline unit modules. These modules have clear coding identification, fixed size and weight, which are convenient for quick identification and accurate positioning on site. At the same time, the component connection inside the module has also been optimized, which can greatly simplify the on-site installation process.

[0139] Step S80: assembling the pipeline unit module according to the assembly drawing.

[0140] The last step is to assemble the prefabricated pipeline unit modules on site according to the pipeline assembly drawings generated in step S50. The specific steps are as follows:

[0141] 1. Determine the installation location and sequence of each piping unit module based on the BIM model and assembly drawings.

[0142] 2. Use cranes and other mechanical equipment to hoist the prefabricated pipeline unit modules to the designated location. The hoisting points and center of gravity position information of each module have been marked in BIM in advance to facilitate on-site operations.

[0143] 3. Connect the quick connectors or flange connectors between adjacent pipeline unit modules and check the sealing. If necessary, use auxiliary tools to connect the pipe sections.

[0144] 4. Complete the installation of each pipeline unit module in sequence and connect them according to the pipeline direction shown in the assembly drawing. The entire process is carried out strictly in accordance with the pre-established installation sequence.

[0145] 5. After installing all pipeline modules, immediately conduct an overall air tightness or water pressure test to ensure that the pipeline is well sealed. At the same time, check whether there is any leakage at each joint.

[0146] 6. Finally, carry out pipeline debugging and system performance testing to ensure that the heat exchange station room system can meet the load requirements under different operating scenarios.

[0147] Through this step of on-site assembly, the installation period of the overall pipeline system can be greatly shortened, while ensuring the reliability of the installation quality. Thanks to the early digital design and modular prefabrication, the on-site operation process has been well optimized and standardized, greatly improving the construction efficiency.

[0148] In summary, the modular construction method for the hotel heat exchange station room proposed in this invention makes full use of advanced technologies such as digital design, modular manufacturing, and lean construction to form a complete solution. While ensuring the heat exchange performance, energy consumption, cost and other indicators, this solution also greatly improves the efficiency and quality controllability of on-site construction.

[0149] Specifically, the principle of the present invention is:

[0150] 1. Accurate modeling and digital design: This method first uses a total station to check and measure the hotel building structure to obtain actual size data. This step solves the problem caused by the inconsistency between the drawings and the actual situation in traditional design. Subsequently, the three-dimensional model of the pipeline in the heat exchange station room is established using the building information model (BIM) software. The application of BIM technology enables designers to perform accurate modeling, collision detection and optimized layout in a virtual environment, greatly improving the accuracy and efficiency of the design.

[0151] 2. Multi-scenario analysis: The method takes into account multiple typical heat exchange load demand scenarios of hotel operations, including summer peak, winter peak, late night low load period and off-season daily operation period. This multi-scenario analysis method conforms to the actual operation characteristics of the hotel and can ensure that the designed system can operate efficiently under different working conditions. Through the detailed description of the characteristics of each scenario (such as occupancy rate, equipment operation status, energy consumption ratio, etc.), accurate input parameters are provided for subsequent optimization.

[0152] 3. Multi-objective optimization model: The core of the present invention is to establish a multi-objective optimization model for modular segmentation of the three-dimensional model of the machine room pipeline. The model comprehensively considers multiple objectives such as total system energy consumption, heat exchange efficiency, installation and maintenance costs, space utilization, system response time, and pipeline noise. This multi-objective optimization method can find the best balance point between various objectives in a complex system, avoiding the bias that may be caused by traditional single-objective optimization.

[0153] 4. Constraint setting: The optimization model sets a series of constraints, such as the total heat load of the heat exchange station is not less than the maximum design heat load, the pipeline pressure loss and flow rate do not exceed the allowable value, the heat exchange area of ​​the heat exchanger meets the requirements, the equipment floor space is controlled, the system response time and noise are limited, etc. These constraints ensure the practicality and feasibility of the optimization results, and also meet the requirements of relevant technical specifications and standards.

[0154] 5. Scenario weight analysis: This method conducts comprehensive evaluation and weight analysis on the optimization results under different typical scenarios, taking into account the frequency and importance of each scenario. This weighted analysis method can better reflect the actual operational needs of the hotel and make the final optimization results more practical.

[0155] 6. Digital module segmentation: According to the optimization results, the three-dimensional model of the heat exchange station room pipeline is segmented into digital modules to generate pipeline segment processing drawings and assembly drawings. This step lays the foundation for subsequent factory prefabrication and on-site assembly, and realizes seamless connection from digital design to actual construction.

[0156] 7. Factory prefabrication: Import the pipeline segment processing drawing parameters into the factory automation equipment, and use fully automatic cutting and welding equipment for prefabrication. This factory production method greatly improves processing accuracy and efficiency, while reducing the workload and environmental impact of on-site construction.

[0157] 8. Quality control: The prefabricated pipes are measured and controlled to ensure that the error is within 5 mm. This strict quality control measure ensures the accuracy of modular components and lays the foundation for subsequent smooth assembly.

[0158] 9. Coding management: Code the prefabricated pipes in sections and assemble the prefabricated pipes and valve components into pipe unit modules according to the assembly drawings. This coding management system simplifies the on-site assembly process and reduces the possibility of errors.

[0159] 10. On-site assembly: Finally, assemble the piping unit modules according to the assembly drawings. Due to the precise design and prefabrication in the early stage, the on-site assembly process becomes simple and efficient, greatly reducing the problems in traditional on-site construction.

[0160] The technical solution of the present invention can effectively solve the problems in the prior art mainly based on the following innovations:

[0161] First, it combines advanced technologies such as precise measurement, digital modeling, multi-objective optimization and modular prefabrication to form a complete technical system. This systematic approach can comprehensively improve the design, construction and operation efficiency of the heat exchange station room.

[0162] Secondly, the multi-scenario analysis and weighted evaluation methods fully consider the particularity of hotel operations, making the design more in line with actual needs. This "adapting measures to local conditions" approach ensures that the system can maintain efficient operation under various working conditions.

[0163] Thirdly, the establishment of a multi-objective optimization model breaks through the limitation of traditional design that it is difficult to take multiple objectives into account. Through mathematical modeling and optimization algorithms, the optimal balance point among multiple objectives such as energy consumption, efficiency, and cost is found.

[0164] Finally, the mode of factory prefabrication and on-site assembly not only improves the construction quality and efficiency, but also facilitates the subsequent maintenance and upgrade. The standardized module design makes the system well maintainable and scalable.

[0165] To sum up, the technical solution of the present invention is fully feasible and innovative both in theory and practice, can effectively solve the technical problems in the construction of hotel heat exchange station room, and promote technological progress in this field.

[0166] The following is an example of a specific application scenario of the present invention: A five-star hotel project is located in the main urban area of ​​a city, with a construction area of ​​about 60,000 square meters, including guest rooms, restaurants, conference halls and other functional areas. The hotel uses a centralized central air-conditioning system, and the heat exchange station room is located on the underground floor, responsible for providing cooling and heating for the entire hotel. According to the seasonal operating characteristics of the hotel and the changes in equipment load, the present invention divides it into the following four typical heat exchange load demand scenarios:

[0167] Table 1 Typical scenarios of heat exchange load in five-star hotels

[0168] Scenario Room Occupancy Rate Refrigeration facilities Heating facilities Hot water load Total energy consumption Summer Peak 100％ Run All Partial operation high 100％ Winter Peak 100％ Partial operation Run All high 100％ Late Night Lows 20％-40％ Minimum load Minimum load Low 25％-35％ Off-season operation 50％-60％ Partial operation Partial operation middle 60％-70％

[0169] Figure 2 The energy consumption distribution of a five-star hotel in different operating scenarios is shown. The proportion of cooling load, heating load and hot water load in each scenario is intuitively displayed in the form of a stacked bar chart. It can be seen from the figure that the peak in summer is mainly cooling load, the peak in winter is mainly heating load, and all types of loads are relatively low during the late night trough. Combined with the above typical scenarios, the present invention has carried out comprehensive digital design and modular construction of the heat exchange station room of the five-star hotel. The specific implementation steps are as follows:

[0170] 1. Establish a high-precision heat exchange room model

[0171] First, the total station is used to recheck and measure the building structure of the heat exchange station room to obtain the actual size data, including key information such as building elevation, structural inclination, and equipment interface location. Then, these measurement data are imported into the BIM software (Autodesk Revit) to build a three-dimensional virtual model of the heat exchange station room, such as Figure 3 As shown in the figure. During the model construction process, details such as flanges, bolts, and valve operating space were fully considered to ensure that the model accuracy can reach the millimeter level. This high-precision BIM model based on measured data provides reliable digital support for subsequent pipeline optimization design and modular prefabrication.

[0172] 2. Pipeline optimization design and modular segmentation

[0173] Based on the BIM model of the heat exchange station room, the design team conducted in-depth optimization of the pipeline layout. First, through the collision check function of the BIM model, the spatial conflicts between pipelines were eliminated, ensuring that the layout of equipment and pipelines was clearer and more reasonable. Then, taking into account factors such as logistics conditions and on-site construction work, the originally complex pipeline system was divided into multiple standardized module units. Each module unit includes pipes, valves, brackets and other components, which facilitates subsequent factory prefabrication and rapid on-site assembly.

[0174] 3. Automated pipeline prefabrication

[0175] The optimized pipeline modular segmentation parameters are imported into the factory's automation equipment, and the pipes are precisely cut using an eight-axis intersecting line laser CNC cutting machine, with the cutting accuracy controlled within ±2mm. Subsequently, these prefabricated pipe sections are sent to the fully automatic welding equipment, and the welding machine automatically scans the pipe section interface to achieve automatic welding of the pipe sections. To ensure the welding quality, each weld is also subject to ultrasonic testing, with a pass rate of no less than 100%.

[0176] 4. Segmental acceptance and quality control

[0177] Strict quality inspection measures are taken for prefabricated pipe sections. First, high-precision equipment such as three-coordinate measuring machines are used to comprehensively measure the pipe section dimensions, interface positions and other parameters to ensure that the error between the measured value and the design value is within 5mm. Unqualified pipe sections are immediately reworked and rectified. Figure 4 This is a scatter plot of pipeline installation accuracy distribution, showing the deviation distribution of the X and Y directions of 100 measurement points. The two circles in the figure represent the 2mm standard line and the 5mm acceptance line respectively. The darker the color of the point, the greater the deviation. Secondly, with reference to relevant national standards, the pipeline welds are sampled for ultrasonic testing, and the qualified rate must reach 100%. Only after passing the above-mentioned segmented acceptance can the prefabricated pipe section enter the subsequent on-site assembly link.

[0178] 5. Modular assembly and overall lifting

[0179] According to the BIM model and assembly drawings, the prefabricated pipeline module units were coded and partitioned, and a detailed logistics transportation and hoisting plan was formulated. The specific steps are as follows:

[0180] (1) Pipeline support installation: First, the support installation points in the BIM model were accurately laid out using a total station to ensure that the position of the on-site support system was accurate.

[0181] (2) Horizontal pipeline installation: The prefabricated horizontal main pipes are placed on a 1m high temporary support in sequence, and hoisted from south to north and from inside to outside by mechanical equipment such as a small truck crane. During the hoisting process, the total station monitors the pipeline position in real time to ensure that it is completely consistent with the BIM model.

[0182] (3) Vertical pipeline installation: For the vertical pipe sections connected to the equipment, they are pre-assembled into modules in the factory in advance, and the independently developed vertical pipeline lifting device is used for overall lifting, and the interface connection with the equipment is quickly completed using a pneumatic wrench.

[0183] (4) Installation of measuring devices: After the installation of horizontal and vertical pipelines is completed, monitoring equipment such as pressure gauges and thermometers, as well as supporting facilities such as exhaust devices, are installed at the reserved measuring holes to ensure the operation monitoring and debugging of the heat exchange system.

[0184] The entire on-site assembly process has greatly improved the work efficiency and quality controllability. In the past, the process that required a lot of manual welding has almost all been mechanized in this project, which not only shortens the construction period, but also effectively reduces safety hazards.

[0185] 6. Overall acceptance and performance testing

[0186] Finally, a 3D laser scanner was used to comprehensively scan the pipeline system of the entire heat exchange station room, and the point cloud data of the scanning results was imported into the BIM model for matching analysis. The results showed that the maximum deviation between the actual installation position of the pipeline and the BIM model was only 2mm, far below the acceptance standard of 5mm. At the same time, comprehensive testing and acceptance were carried out on heat exchange performance, energy consumption indicators, etc., and all indicators met the design requirements. Figure 5 The radar chart was used to compare the performance of the traditional construction method and the method of the present invention in 6 key indicators. It can be seen intuitively from the figure that the method of the present invention is superior to the traditional construction method in various aspects such as construction period, labor cost, material loss, installation accuracy, rework rate and safety risk, especially in terms of installation accuracy and rework rate.

[0187] In summary, the modular construction method for the five-star hotel heat exchange station room of the present invention makes full use of advanced means such as BIM technology, automated processing equipment and modular assembly, and successfully solves many problems existing in traditional construction. Compared with traditional methods, this digital and standardized construction process not only greatly improves the accuracy and efficiency of pipeline installation, but also greatly shortens the on-site construction period, providing strong support for the high-quality construction of the five-star hotel heat exchange station room.

[0188] The above description is only a specific implementation mode of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A modular construction method for a heat exchange station room in a hotel, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S10, using a total station to recheck and measure the hotel's building structure to obtain actual size data; and using building information modeling software to establish a three-dimensional model of the heat exchange station room pipeline based on the actual size data; S20. Determine multiple typical heat exchange load demand scenarios for the hotel based on the hotel's operational characteristics and seasonal demand changes; S30, establishing a multi-objective optimization model for module segmentation of the three-dimensional model of the computer room pipeline; S40, according to different typical heat exchange load demand scenarios, solving the multi-objective optimization model to obtain multiple preferred segmentation parameters, performing comprehensive evaluation and weight analysis on the multiple preferred segmentation parameters, considering the frequency and importance of each scenario, and obtaining the optimal segmentation parameters; S50, performing digital module segmentation on the three-dimensional model of the pipeline in the heat exchange station machine room according to the optimal segmentation parameters, and generating a pipeline segmentation processing drawing and an assembly drawing; S60, importing the pipeline segment processing diagram parameters into factory automation equipment, and prefabricating the pipeline using fully automatic cutting and welding equipment; S70, encoding the prefabricated pipeline in sections according to the assembly plan, and assembling the prefabricated pipeline and valve components into pipeline unit modules according to the assembly drawings; S80, assembling the pipeline unit module according to the assembly drawing.

2. The method for modularizing the construction of a heat exchange station room for a hotel building according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optimization objectives of the multi-objective optimization model include minimizing total system energy consumption, maximizing heat exchange efficiency, minimizing installation and maintenance costs, maximizing space utilization, minimizing system response time, and minimizing pipeline noise.

3. The method for modular construction of a heat exchange station room for a hotel building according to claim 2, characterized in that: After the step of prefabrication of the pipeline using the fully automatic cutting and welding equipment is completed, the step of actual measurement and quantity control of the prefabricated pipeline is also included to ensure that the error is controlled within 5 mm.

4. The method for modularizing the construction of a heat exchange station room for a hotel building according to claim 3, characterized in that: The hotel's multiple typical heat exchange load demand scenarios include: summer peak period, winter peak period, late night low load period, and off-season daily operation period: the summer peak period is characterized by full occupancy + all refrigeration facilities in operation; the winter peak period is characterized by full occupancy + all heating facilities in operation; the late night low load period is characterized by: occupancy rate of 20-40%, only maintaining basic cooling / heating needs, public area equipment operating at minimum load, hot water demand reduced to 20% of the daily average, and total energy consumption reduced to 25-35% of the peak load; the off-season daily operation period is characterized by: occupancy rate of about 50-60%, some public facilities maintain normal operation, restaurants and other facilities are flexibly adjusted according to actual needs, total energy consumption is maintained at 60-70% of the peak load, and heat exchange demand fluctuates intermittently.

5. The method for modularizing the construction of a heat exchange station room for a hotel building according to claim 2, characterized in that: The constraints of the multi-objective optimization model include: total heat load of the heat exchange station ≥ maximum design heat load, pipeline pressure loss ≤ maximum allowable pressure loss, pipeline flow rate ≤ maximum allowable flow rate, heat exchange area of ​​the heat exchanger ≥ calculated required heat exchange area, equipment floor area ≤ 80% of the available machine room area, system response time ≤ 15 minutes, pipeline noise ≤ 45 decibels, and system energy efficiency ratio (COP) ≥ 4.

5.

6. The method for modular construction of a heat exchange station room for a hotel building according to claim 2, characterized in that: The objective function of minimizing the total energy consumption of the system is specifically expressed as follows: In the formula, E total is the total energy consumption of the system (kWh); P i is the power of the ith power device (kW); t i is the operating time of the ith power equipment (h); Q j is the thermal power of the jth thermal energy equipment (kW); t j is the operating time of the jth thermal energy equipment (h); n is the number of power equipment; m is the number of thermal energy equipment; ε E is the energy consumption error term (kWh).

7. The method for modularizing the construction of a heat exchange station room for a hotel building according to claim 6, characterized in that: The objective function of maximizing heat transfer efficiency is specifically expressed as follows: Where η is the heat transfer efficiency; Q actual is the actual heat transfer (kW); Q theoretical is the theoretical maximum heat transfer (kW); U is the total heat transfer coefficient (W / (m 2 ·K)); A is the heat exchange area (m 2 );C min is the minimum heat capacity flow rate (W / K); ε η is the efficiency error term.

8. The method for modularizing the construction of a heat exchange station room for a hotel building according to claim 7, characterized in that: The objective function of minimizing installation and maintenance costs is specifically expressed as follows: In the formula, C total is the total cost (yuan); C install is the initial installation cost (yuan); C maint,k is the maintenance cost in the kth year (yuan); r is the discount rate; T is the expected life of the system (year); ε C is the cost error term (yuan).

9. The method for modularizing the construction of a heat exchange station room for a hotel building according to claim 8, characterized in that: The objective function of the shortest system response time is expressed as follows: Where, T response is the system response time (s); T delay is the system delay time (s); T rise is the rise time (s); t is the observation time (s); τ is the system time constant (s); ε T is the time error term (s).

10. The method for modularizing the construction of a heat exchange station room for a hotel building according to claim 9, characterized in that: The objective function of minimizing the total energy consumption of the system is specifically expressed as follows: Where U space is the space utilization rate; V equip is the total volume of the equipment (m 3 );V room is the total volume of the machine room (m 3 );S access is the accessible area of ​​the equipment (m 2 );S total is the total area of ​​the machine room (m 2 ); U is the utilization error term.

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