Heat dissipation system and photovoltaic inverter

Abstract

The invention provides a heat dissipation system and a photovoltaic inverter, and relates to the technical field of heat dissipation equipment. The cooling system comprises a shell, a radiator, an exhaust system, a spraying device, a temperature sensor and a control device. The radiator is composed of a radiating substrate and radiating fins, the radiating substrate absorbs heat generated by the inverter and transmits the heat to the radiating fins so as to increase the heat exchange area, and the exhaust system is used for blowing cold air to the radiating fins and discharging hot air in the shell. The spraying device can spray water to the cooling fins, and the cooling effect is achieved. The temperature sensor monitors the internal temperature in real time, the working states of the exhaust system and the spraying system are adjusted through the control device so as to meet the heat dissipation requirements at different temperatures, and the system improves the heat dissipation efficiency and reduces the failure rate through a multi-stage heat dissipation mode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of heat dissipation technology, and in particular to a high-efficiency heat dissipation system for a photovoltaic inverter. Background Art

[0002] With the development of photovoltaic power generation technology, the inverter, as the core component of the photovoltaic power generation system, generates a lot of heat during operation that cannot be ignored. Especially in solar photovoltaic power generation systems, common installation locations include roofs, ground and other places exposed to sunlight. These places usually have higher ambient temperatures, especially in hot summer. Higher ambient temperatures increase the difficulty of heat dissipation, making the inverter more likely to overheat. If the heat dissipation is not sufficient, it will lead to reduced equipment performance, shortened service life, and even possible failure.

[0003] In the related art, a photovoltaic inverter generally includes an inverter cabinet, an inverter and a heat dissipation cavity. Power semiconductor devices such as IGBT and MOSFET in the inverter are the main heat sources, and rectifier diodes, inductors, transformers and capacitors also generate a lot of heat. The heat dissipation cavity is isolated from the electrical cavity by a heat dissipation substrate. The heat sink is vertically installed on the plane of the heat dissipation substrate. The heat sinks are arranged in parallel. A fan is installed in the heat dissipation cavity and arranged in parallel with the substrate. In the working state, cold air is dissipated through the heat dissipation cavity.

[0004] However, most existing photovoltaic inverters use the above-mentioned natural wind cooling or single air cooling, which has low heat dissipation efficiency and is difficult to meet the heat dissipation requirements during high-power operation. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present application aims to provide an efficient heat dissipation system for a photovoltaic inverter, which can ensure stable and efficient operation of the inverter in a high temperature environment and extend the service life of the equipment.

[0006] In the first aspect, the present application provides an efficient heat dissipation system for a photovoltaic inverter, the heat dissipation system comprising a heat dissipation housing, a radiator, an exhaust system, a spray device, a temperature sensor and a control device. The radiator comprises a substrate and a heat sink; the exhaust system comprises a fan and a ventilation duct; the spray device comprises a spray head, a water pump, a filtering device, a water storage device, a mist water collection device, and a water delivery device, wherein:

[0007] The radiator includes a heat dissipation substrate and a heat dissipation fin. The heat dissipation substrate is used to absorb the heat generated by the inverter and transfer the absorbed heat to the heat dissipation fin. The heat dissipation fin is used to increase the heat exchange area and dissipate excess heat.

[0008] Preferably, the radiator substrate is a combination of a silicone substrate and an aluminum substrate coated with a waterproof coating, and the silicone heat sink is placed close to the inverter, and the aluminum heat sink is placed close to the heat sink.

[0009] Preferably, the heat sink is an aluminum heat sink coated with a waterproof coating, and the aluminum heat sink coated with a waterproof coating is attached to an aluminum substrate coated with a waterproof coating, and its structure is a quadrangular pyramid.

[0010] The exhaust system is used to blow cold air toward the heat sink and to discharge hot air in the shell out of the heat sink through the mesh.

[0011] The spray device is used to spray water onto the surface of the heat sink to exchange heat and cool the heat sink. The spray device is used to spray water onto the heat sink to cool the heat sink. Preferably, the spray head is placed inside the box through a water delivery device, and the spray head is located above the fan to ensure that the heat sink can receive more spray water for heat dissipation.

[0012] Preferably, the spray device includes a spray head, a water pump, a filtering device, a water storage device, a mist water collecting device, and a water delivery device.

[0013] The water delivery device is used to deliver water of the sprinkler system to the sprinkler head.

[0014] The water pump is used to provide power for the entire sprinkler system, and the water in the water storage device is pumped and transported to the sprinkler head through the water delivery device.

[0015] The water storage device is used to collect spray water and send the water in the water storage device to the filtering device to provide water for spraying.

[0016] The filtering device is used to filter the water delivered by the water storage device, remove impurities and solid particles in the water, and prevent the spraying system from being blocked or damaged.

[0017] The spray head is used to spray the delivered water evenly onto the surface of the radiator to achieve cooling.

[0018] The mist water collecting device is used to collect the unused mist water that is blown away and send it to the water storage device.

[0019] A heat dissipation substrate and a partition are arranged inside the heat dissipation housing to implement a layered design. The partition is designed to be inclined, and a waterproof film is packaged on both upper and lower sides of the partition.

[0020] The temperature sensor is used to sense the temperature inside the housing and send the measured temperature to the control device. The temperature sensor and the control device are built into the electrical cavity.

[0021] The control device is used to analyze and judge the temperature. A two-level control temperature threshold is set in the control device. When the temperature is higher than the first preset temperature threshold, the controller sends a control signal to the fan to start the fan. When the temperature is lower than the first preset temperature threshold, the control system sends a control signal to stop the fan. When the temperature detected by the temperature detector is higher than the second preset temperature threshold, the control device sends an intermittent pulse control signal to the spray device to make the spray device spray intermittently. When the temperature controller detects that the temperature is lower than the second preset temperature threshold, the spraying is stopped. In summary, when the temperature detected by the temperature detector does not reach the first preset temperature threshold, the heat dissipation method of natural air cooling is adopted. When the temperature detected by the temperature detector is higher than the first preset temperature threshold and lower than the second preset temperature threshold, the exhaust system is started and the fan is used for heat dissipation. When the temperature detected by the temperature detector is higher than the second preset temperature, the heat sink spraying and the fan are used for combined heat dissipation.

[0022] In the second aspect, the present application also provides a photovoltaic inverter, including an inverter body and a heat dissipation system. The heat generating device of the photovoltaic inverter body is mainly a switch device that generates heat. The photovoltaic inverter switch devices are combined and arranged to be located above the spray head. The photovoltaic inverter heat dissipation system includes a heat dissipation housing, a radiator, an exhaust system, a spray device, a temperature sensor and a control device. The inverter body and the heat dissipation system are built into the housing, wherein:

[0023] A heat dissipation substrate and a partition are arranged inside the heat dissipation housing to implement a layered design. The partition is designed to be inclined, and a waterproof film is packaged on both upper and lower sides of the partition.

[0024] The radiator includes a heat dissipation substrate and a heat dissipation fin. The heat dissipation substrate is used to absorb the heat generated by the inverter and transfer the absorbed heat to the heat dissipation fin. The heat dissipation fin is used to increase the heat exchange area and dissipate excess heat.

[0025] Preferably, the radiator substrate is a combination of a silicone substrate and an aluminum substrate coated with a waterproof coating, and the silicone heat sink is placed close to the inverter, and the aluminum heat sink is placed close to the heat sink.

[0026] Preferably, the heat sink is an aluminum heat sink coated with a waterproof coating, and the aluminum heat sink coated with a waterproof coating is attached to an aluminum substrate coated with a waterproof coating.

[0027] The exhaust system is used to blow cold air toward the heat sink and to discharge hot air in the shell out of the heat sink through the mesh.

[0028] The spray device is used to spray water onto the surface of the heat sink to exchange heat and cool the heat sink. The spray device is used to spray water onto the heat sink to cool the heat sink. Preferably, the spray head is placed inside the box through a water delivery device.

[0029] Preferably, the spray device includes a spray head, a water pump, a filtering device, a water storage device, a mist water collecting device, and a water delivery device.

[0030] The water delivery device is used to deliver water from the sprinkler system to the sprinkler head.

[0031] The water pump is used to provide power for the entire sprinkler system, and the water in the water storage device is pumped and transported to the sprinkler head through the water delivery device.

[0032] The water storage device is used to collect spray water and send the water in the water storage device to the filtering device to provide water for spraying.

[0033] The filtering device is used to filter the water delivered by the water storage device, remove impurities and solid particles in the water, and prevent the spraying system from being blocked or damaged.

[0034] The spray head is used to spray the delivered water evenly onto the surface of the radiator to achieve cooling.

[0035] The mist water collecting device is used to collect the unused mist water that is blown away and send it to the water storage device.

[0036] The temperature sensor is used to sense the temperature inside the housing and send the measured temperature to the control device. The temperature sensor and the control device are built into the electrical cavity of the housing.

[0037] The control device is used to analyze and judge the temperature. A two-level control temperature threshold is set in the control device. When the temperature is higher than the first preset temperature threshold, the controller sends a control signal to the exhaust system to start the fan. When the temperature is lower than the first preset temperature threshold, the control system sends a control signal to stop the fan. When the temperature detected by the temperature detector is higher than the second preset temperature threshold, the control device sends an intermittent pulse control signal to the spray device to make the spray device spray intermittently. When the temperature controller detects that the temperature is lower than the second preset temperature threshold, the spraying is stopped. In summary, when the temperature detected by the temperature detector does not reach the first preset temperature threshold, the heat dissipation method of natural air cooling is adopted. When the temperature detected by the temperature detector is higher than the first preset temperature threshold and lower than the second preset temperature threshold, the exhaust system is started and the fan is used for heat dissipation. When the temperature detected by the temperature detector is higher than the second preset temperature threshold, the heat sink spraying and the fan are used for combined heat dissipation.

[0038] Beneficial effects achieved by the present application: The photovoltaic inverter housing of the present application is provided with a plurality of heat dissipation holes, and the housing structure design is optimized so that the external air can take away the heat on the surface of the equipment through natural convection, which is suitable for the working state of the inverter with low temperature. When the inverter temperature exceeds the first preset temperature threshold, the control device controls the fan to start, forms a forced airflow, further improves the heat dissipation efficiency, quickly reduces the temperature of the core components, and ensures the normal operation of the inverter under medium power conditions. When the inverter temperature continues to rise and reaches the second preset temperature threshold, the control device controls the spray system to start, and water is sprayed on the surface of the heat sink. Combined with the forced heat dissipation effect of the fan, the heat is quickly taken away to ensure the stability of the inverter under high temperature and high power operating conditions. The present application provides an efficient heat dissipation system for photovoltaic inverters. According to the temperature sensed by the temperature sensor, through a multi-level heat dissipation method, combined application, intelligent adjustment of the heat dissipation intensity, effective prevention of overheating problems, improved heat dissipation efficiency, significantly reduced the failure rate of the inverter when running under high load, and extended the service life of the equipment. The system has a simple structure, low cost, and is easy to manufacture and maintain. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the photovoltaic inverter heat dissipation system of this application;

[0040] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the heat sink of this application;

[0041] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the side structure of the heat sink of this application;

[0042] Figure 4 Functional module architecture diagram of the photovoltaic inverter cooling system provided for this application;

[0043] The reference numerals are summarized as follows: housing 010, through hole 011, inverter 020, temperature sensor 021, heat dissipation substrate 030, silicone substrate 031, aluminum substrate 032, heat sink 033, spray system 300, exhaust system 200, electrical cavity 100, water storage device 041, filter device 042, water pump 043, water delivery device 044, spray head 045, fan 050, waterproof baffle 060, mist collection device 070. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] Combination Figure 1 The specific implementation of the heat dissipation system of the present application is as follows:

[0045] Reference Figure 1, is a structural schematic diagram of a heat dissipation system provided by the present application. The high-efficiency heat dissipation system for photovoltaic inverters provided by the present application is used for heat dissipation of photovoltaic inverter 020. The heat dissipation system of photovoltaic inverter includes a shell 010, and the shell 010 is provided with a through hole 011. The through hole 011 provides a channel for heat dissipation inside the shell 010. Preferably, the number of through holes 011 is multiple. A spray system is provided inside the shell 010, and the spray system includes a water storage device 041, a filter device 042, a water pump 043, a water delivery device 044, and a spray head 045. The temperature sensor 021 and the control device 022 are installed in the electrical cavity 100, and the fan 050 is arranged in the heat dissipation cavity of the shell. The photovoltaic inverter 020, the control device 022, the temperature sensor 021, the water storage device 041, the filter device 042, the water pump 043, are all electrically connected. The photovoltaic inverter 020 is arranged in the electrical cavity 100.

[0046] The fan 050 is used to discharge the air in the shell 010 out of the shell 010 through the through hole 011. When the temperature generated by the photovoltaic inverter 020 is not very high, the temperature inside the shell 010 is dissipated by natural wind. When the temperature inside the shell is high, it is impossible to effectively dissipate heat through natural wind. For example, when the temperature inside the shell 010 is 40°C, the temperature sensor 021 can transmit a signal to the control device 022 to start the fan 050, effectively exhaust the shell 010, and effectively reduce the temperature of the photovoltaic inverter 020. However, when the external environment temperature is high and the temperature generated by the photovoltaic inverter 020 is also high, it is difficult to reduce the temperature of the photovoltaic inverter 020 to a suitable operating temperature through heat exchange by a single fan. For example, when the temperature of the photovoltaic inverter 020 continues to rise to 60°C, the temperature sensor 021 can transmit a signal to the control device 022 to start the fan 050 spray system, and the spray head 045 releases water to spray on the surface of the heat sink 033 to effectively dissipate heat. The specific process is as follows:

[0047] The temperature sensor 021 detects the temperature inside the housing 010 and sends the detected temperature to the control device 022. The control device 022 is used to analyze and judge the temperature. Two preset temperature thresholds are set in the control system. For example, the first preset temperature threshold is set to 35°C and the second preset temperature threshold is set to 65°C. When the temperature inside the housing 010 reaches 35°C, the temperature sensor 021 can transmit a signal to the control device 022 to start the fan 050, which effectively improves the exhaust effect inside the housing 010 and can effectively reduce the temperature of the photovoltaic inverter 020. At this time, when the temperature detected by the temperature detector 021 is lower than the first preset temperature threshold, the fan is stopped. However, when the external environment temperature is high and the temperature generated by the photovoltaic inverter 020 is also high, it is difficult to reduce the temperature of the photovoltaic inverter 020 to a suitable operating temperature through heat exchange by a single fan. For example, when the temperature of the photovoltaic inverter 020 continues to rise to 60°C, the temperature sensor 021 can transmit a signal to the control device 022 to start the fan 050 and the spray system 300, and the spray head 045 releases water to spray onto the surface of the heat sink 033 for effective heat dissipation. At this time, if the temperature is lower than the second preset temperature threshold, the spraying work of the spray head is stopped to save the use of water resources.

[0048] The spray system includes a water storage device 041, a filter device 042, a water pump 043, a water delivery device 044, and a spray head 045. Its working principle is:

[0049] When the temperature sensed by the temperature sensor 021 is higher than the second preset temperature threshold, the control system 022 controls the start of the spray system, the water pump 043 is started, and the water in the water storage device 041 passes through the filter device 042, and is delivered to the spray head 045 through the water delivery device 044, and sprays the water to the heat sink 033 for cooling. The waterproof partition 060 can collect the water that is not fully utilized and drips onto the partition due to its inclined design. The mist water collection device 070 is arranged at the housing vent, and is also used to collect the water resources that are not fully utilized, and flows into the water delivery device under the mist water collection device 070 to the water storage device through natural gravity.

[0050] Please refer to Figure 3 , is a front view of a heat dissipation substrate and heat sink structure of a high-efficiency heat dissipation system for a photovoltaic inverter provided by the present application, please refer to Figure 4, is a side view of a heat dissipation substrate and heat sink structure of a high-efficiency heat dissipation system for a photovoltaic inverter provided by the implementation of this application. In order to improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the system implemented by this application, a heat dissipation substrate 030 and a heat sink 033 are attached to the lower layer of the photovoltaic inverter 020. The preferred heat dissipation substrate adopts a two-layer design, one layer is a silicone heat dissipation substrate 031, and the other layer is an aluminum heat dissipation substrate 032. The aluminum heat dissipation substrate is designed with a waterproof coating. The part close to the inverter is the silicone heat dissipation substrate 031. The silicone substrate has good electrical isolation properties, and the aluminum heat dissipation substrate 032 has good fixation. The heat sink 033 is close to the aluminum heat dissipation substrate 032, and the heat sink 033 adopts a four-sided pyramid design. Such a design has a larger heat dissipation area, which promotes the heat dissipation effect, and the surface of the heat sink is coated with a waterproof coating to effectively prevent corrosion.

[0051] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or the positions or positional relationships in which the product of the application is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific position, be constructed and operated in a specific position, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0052] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application and are not intended to limit them in any form. Although the embodiments of the present application have been described in detail, those skilled in the art should understand that the above embodiments may be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof may be replaced by equivalents without departing from the core idea of ​​the technical solutions of the present application. These modifications or replacements do not change the essence of the corresponding technical solutions and still fall within the scope of protection of the various technical solutions implemented in the present application.

Claims

1. A heat dissipation system, characterized in that: The heat dissipation system comprises a housing, a radiator, an exhaust system, a spray system, a temperature sensor and a control device, wherein: The heat sink comprises a double-layer heat dissipation substrate and a heat sink; The spray system includes a spray head, a water pump, a filtering device, a water storage device, a mist water collecting device and a water delivery device; The control device is used to automatically control the start and stop of the exhaust system and the spray system according to the temperature detected by the temperature sensor, and intelligently adjust the heat dissipation intensity based on a preset temperature threshold.

2. A heat dissipation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The double-layer heat dissipation substrate in the radiator consists of a silicone substrate and an aluminum substrate coated with a waterproof coating, and the silicone substrate is closely attached to the inverter.

3. A heat dissipation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spray head of the spray system is placed inside the box through a water delivery device and is located above the fan.

4. A heat dissipation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mist water collecting device is used to collect unused mist water, and use gravity to send the water into the water storage device through the water delivery device for recycling.

5. A heat dissipation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control device sets two levels of temperature thresholds. When the detected temperature is higher than the first preset temperature threshold, the fan is controlled to start; when the detected temperature is higher than the second preset temperature threshold, the spray system is controlled to perform spray cooling.

6. A photovoltaic inverter, characterized in that: The photovoltaic inverter comprises a photovoltaic inverter body and a heat dissipation system. The heating device of the photovoltaic inverter body is mainly a switch device that generates heat. The photovoltaic inverter switch devices are combined and arranged to be located above the sprinkler head. The photovoltaic inverter comprises a photovoltaic inverter body and a heat dissipation system according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

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