Speed reducer with shaft and centrifugal pan
By designing a structure with shaft and centrifugal disk in the reducer, the oil is tilted and centrifuged with centrifugal areas, the problem of insufficient cooling in the prior art is solved, and uniform heat dissipation of oil heat and housing parts are achieved Good cooling.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202380042677.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2022-06-20
- Filing Date
- 2023-05-30
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-03
AI Technical Summary
The existing reducers have insufficient cooling and are difficult to effectively discharge the heat of the oil.
By designing a structure with shaft and centrifugal disk in the reducer, the oil is tilted and centrifuged out with the centrifugal disk, and the oil is evenly distributed on the inner surface area of the housing part by the design of the conical area and the groove, thereby achieving the oil Heat is dissipated.
It effectively improves the heat dissipation effect of oil, ensures uniform distribution of oil and cooling of housing parts, and enhances the cooling performance of the reducer.
Smart Images
Figure CN119256172A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to a speed reducer with a shaft and a centrifugal disc / oil slinger. Background Art
[0002] As is known, a reduction gear has a rotatably mounted shaft and has heat losses. Summary of the invention
[0003] It is therefore an object of the present invention to improve a reduction gear in which the cooling is to be improved.
[0004] According to the invention, this object is achieved by a reduction gear according to the features specified in claim 1 .
[0005] With regard to the reducer having a shaft and a centrifugal disk, an essential feature of the invention is that the shaft is rotatably supported by means of at least one bearing.
[0006] The centrifugal disc is connected to the shaft in a manner that prevents relative rotation.
[0007] In this case, the centrifugal disk has a conical region, in particular at its radial outer edge.
[0008] The advantage here is that the oil centrifugally ejected from the centrifugal disk has an angle of less than 90° relative to the axis of rotation of the shaft during the centrifugal ejection. As a result, an inclined centrifugal ejection of the oil, i.e., in particular an inclined upward ejection, can be achieved. As a result, the centrifugal disk can also be used to load the higher inner surface areas of the housing part with oil and in this way can be used to dissipate the heat of the oil through the housing part to the environment.
[0009] In an advantageous embodiment, the bearing, in particular the outer ring of the bearing, is received in the bearing flange.
[0010] In this case, the bearing flange is connected to the housing part of the reducer, in particular by means of screws. The advantage here is that the bearing flange is arranged above the housing part and / or axially next to the housing part. This makes it possible for the oil lubricating the bearing to reach the centrifugal disk and be centrifuged there. As a result, the heat of the oil can then be discharged to the housing part.
[0011] In an advantageous design, grooves / slots, in particular radial grooves, are arranged in the conical region. The advantage here is that the oil can be centrifugally thrown out at different angles. This is because the conical region enables the oil to be centrifugally thrown out on the radial outer edge of the conical region, depending on the cone angle. The groove enables centrifugation on the edge of the groove, in particular, the oil is centrifugally thrown out perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the shaft. In particular, the oil is centrifugally thrown out from the radial inner edge of the groove. However, the speed of this centrifugation is lower than the speed when centrifugally thrown out from the edge of the conical region. Therefore, in this way, another area on the inner side of the housing part can also be loaded with oil.
[0012] In an advantageous embodiment, the grooves are spaced apart from one another in the circumferential direction, in particular spaced apart uniformly from one another. This has the advantage that a regular and / or uniform distribution of the oil can be achieved.
[0013] In an advantageous embodiment, a shoulder is formed on the inner side, in particular on the inner surface, of the housing part. This has the advantage that the housing part can be formed to be narrower toward the bearing flange and thus sufficient space can be provided for the toothed element in the widened inner spatial region facing away from the bearing flange. Furthermore, the housing part can be formed with cooling fins on the outer side of the housing part in the area covered by the widened region in the axial direction. Thus, a large outer circumference of the housing part is provided with cooling fins and can therefore be well cooled.
[0014] In an advantageous embodiment, the first inner surface area of the housing part has a smaller radial distance from the axis of rotation of the shaft than the second inner surface area of the housing part.
[0015] wherein the shoulder is arranged between the first inner surface area and the second inner surface area in the axial direction,
[0016] In particular, the first inner surface area adjoins the shoulder and the second inner surface area adjoins the side of the shoulder axially facing away from the first inner surface area. In this case, it is advantageous if the housing part is configured to be narrower toward the bearing flange.
[0017] In an advantageous embodiment, the area covered by the conical area in the axial direction, ie in particular in the direction of the axis of rotation of the shaft, is included in the area covered by the second inner surface area in the axial direction or overlaps with the area covered by the second inner surface area in the axial direction. This has the advantage that the oil centrifugally ejected in a conical manner can be centrifugally ejected upwards and thus load the first inner surface area with oil.
[0018] In an advantageous embodiment, the oil centrifugally ejected from the conical region at the rated speed of the shaft splashes onto the region covered by the first inner surface region in the axial direction. This has the advantage that the first inner surface region can still be loaded with oil despite the centrifugal disk being arranged relatively deep, i.e., in particular, in the region covered by the second inner surface region in the axial direction.
[0019] In an advantageous embodiment, the oil that is centrifugally ejected from the grooves, in particular from the corresponding groove edges, at the rated speed of the shaft is splashed at least partially onto the area covered by the second inner surface area in the axial direction. This has the advantage that not only the inner surface area that is located higher than the centrifugal disk is loaded with oil, but also the inner surface area that is located lower.
[0020] In an advantageous embodiment, the centrifugal disk is designed in the form of a perforated plate radially inside the conical region of the centrifugal disk.
[0021] The area covered by the perforated plate-shaped area in the axial direction, ie in particular in the direction of the axis of rotation of the shaft, is included in the area covered by the second inner surface area in the axial direction or overlaps with the area covered by the second inner surface area in the axial direction. It is advantageous here that the centrifugal disk is designed as a body of rotation, wherein the generating surface of the body of rotation is a rectangle or a surface composed of two or more rectangles.
[0022] In an advantageous embodiment, the housing part has cooling fins on its outer side. This has the advantage that improved heat dissipation can be achieved in the widened region.
[0023] In an advantageous design, the area covered by the cooling fins in the axial direction is spaced apart from the area covered by the first inner surface area in the axial direction and overlaps with the area covered by the second inner surface area in the axial direction. This has the advantage that the cooling fins are arranged on the outer side of the inner surface area splashed from the grooves of the centrifugal disk, and thus efficient heat dissipation can be achieved.
[0024] In an advantageous embodiment, the rated speed has a value between 2000 rpm and 3100 rpm. This has the advantage that the drop height of the oil is substantially negligible, in particular because the horizontal flight distance or the distance between the shaft and the housing part is much greater than the drop height.
[0025] In an advantageous embodiment, the centrifugal disk has a wall thickness measured in the axial direction in the radial range covered by the conical region, which increases with increasing radial distance. The advantage here is that the conical region can be machined from a solid body. In particular, the centrifugal disk is finely machined and thus the conical region can be precisely manufactured. Alternatively, the centrifugal disk, in particular at least the part of the centrifugal disk having the centrifugal disk conical region, has the conical region as an unmachined and therefore rough casting surface. As a result, a wider distribution of the splashed oil droplets can be achieved.
[0026] In an advantageous embodiment, the radial distance is based on the axis of rotation of the shaft.
[0027] The axial direction is parallel to the direction of the axis of rotation of the shaft, and the circumferential direction is also based on the axis of rotation of the shaft. The advantage here is that the centrifugal disk is constructed as a rotating body based on the axis of rotation of the shaft and only grooves, especially radial grooves, need to be machined in the rotating body.
[0028] In an advantageous embodiment, the shaft, in particular the axis of rotation of the shaft, is oriented vertically. The advantage here is that the oil from the bearing flows downward to the centrifugal disk and is then centrifugally thrown out.
[0029] In an advantageous design, the bearing is arranged above the centrifugal disk. The advantage here is that the oil which lubricates the bearing and is thus heated reaches the centrifugal disk and is centrifugally thrown out from the centrifugal disk.
[0030] In an advantageous embodiment, the centrifugal disk is designed as a rotating body except for the groove. The advantage here is that simple production and / or processing, in particular by turning, can be achieved.
[0031] Further advantages are given by the dependent claims. The invention is not limited to the feature combinations of the claims. For a person skilled in the art, other reasonable combinations of the claims and / or the features of the individual claims and / or the features of the description and / or the features of the drawings are apparent, in particular from the objectives proposed and / or from a comparison with the prior art. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0032] Now the present invention is described in detail according to the schematic diagram:
[0033] exist Figure 1 A partial region of the reduction gear according to the invention is shown in section, wherein the shaft 1 is connected to the centrifugal disk 3 .
[0034] exist Figure 2 The centrifugal disk 3 is shown in an oblique view in a first viewing direction.
[0035] exist Figure 3 The centrifugal disk 3 is shown in an oblique view in a second viewing direction.
[0036] exist Figure 4 FIG. 2 shows a split centrifugal disc 3 as another embodiment in an oblique view.
[0037] exist Figure 5 The oblique view and exploded view show the Figure 4 The centrifugal disc 3 of the embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0038] As shown in the figures, the reducer has a shaft 1 which is rotatably supported by means of a bearing 2, in particular a rolling bearing. The bearing 2 is received in a bearing flange 7 which is connected to a housing part 5, in particular by means of screws.
[0039] The inner ring of the bearing 2 is mounted on the shaft 1 and abuts against the stepped portion of the shaft. The outer ring of the bearing 2 is received in a hole passing through the bearing flange 7, and in particular, the outer ring is embedded in the hole.
[0040] The housing part 5 has cooling fins 8 on its outer side.
[0041] The housing part 5 is designed to be narrower toward the bearing flange 7 .
[0042] Therefore, the radial area covered by the cooling fins 8 is arranged radially outside the contact surface between the housing part 5 and the bearing flange 7 .
[0043] For this purpose, the housing part 5 has a shoulder on its inner side. Specifically, the shoulder is arranged in the region covered by the centrifugal disk 3 in the axial direction in an inner surface of the housing part 5 adjoining this region radially on the outside and arranged close to the bearing flange 7 .
[0044] The inner surface of the housing part 5 thus has a monotonically decreasing radial distance around the shoulder.
[0045] In this case, radial distances, axial directions and circumferential directions are always referred to the axis of rotation of the shaft 1 .
[0046] Preferably, the axis of rotation of the shaft 1 is oriented vertically. Therefore, the oil lubricating the bearing 2 flows downward from the bearing 2 on the shaft 1 to the centrifugal disk 3, which is placed on the shaft 1 and connected to the shaft 1 in a rotationally fixed manner.
[0047] Then, the oil is centrifugally thrown out from the outer edge of the centrifugal disk 3.
[0048] Since the narrowed area of the inner surface of the housing part 5 is arranged closer to the bearing flange 7 in the axial direction, that is to say, in particular at a higher position, the centrifugal disc has a conical section. Therefore, it is possible to centrifugally throw out the oil at a cone angle, i.e., obliquely upward.
[0049] The conical area is interrupted multiple times by slots, in particular radial slots, spaced apart from each other in the circumferential direction of the centrifugal disk 3. Therefore, these slots also enable centrifugal ejection in the horizontal direction, so that splashing can be performed on the enlarged inner surface area, that is, in particular, the inner surface area below the shoulder.
[0050] The conical area can be used to act upon the inner surface area above the shoulder with oil.
[0051] Overall, the housing part 5 is therefore acted upon by the oil in a manner that is as widely distributed as possible, so that heat dissipation of the oil that is as uniform as possible can be achieved.
[0052] This is because in particular the oil which splashes over the shoulder drips at the edge of the shoulder into the oil sump of the retarder and is therefore not cooled further.
[0053] However, by means of the slots 6 , the region of the housing part 5 below the shoulder is also acted upon by the oil and thus serves to dissipate the heat of the oil.
[0054] The centrifugal disk 3 is preferably designed to be thickened in the conical region, ie an increasing, in particular strictly monotonically increasing, wall thickness is measured in the axial direction with increasing radial distance.
[0055] Radially inside the conical region of the centrifugal disk 3 , the centrifugal disk is designed in the form of a perforated plate, ie in particular has no cone angle.
[0056] Preferably, the conical region is formed on the side of the centrifugal disk 3 facing the bearing flange 7 .
[0057] The centrifugal disk 3 is connected to the shaft 1 in a rotationally fixed manner, in particular in a force-fitting and / or form-fitting manner.
[0058] The slot 6 passes through the conical region and ends in the perforated plate-like region of the centrifugal disk 3 .
[0059] The slots 6 are spaced apart from one another, in particular evenly, in the circumferential direction.
[0060] Preferably, the centrifugal disk is integrally formed, in particular in one piece. Preferably, the centrifugal disk 3 is connected to the shaft 1 by adhesive bonding, welding, pinning, screwing and / or by means of a key connection.
[0061] In particular, increased safety can be achieved by combining a cohesive connection with a form-fitting connection, since in the event of failure of the cohesive connection, the form-fitting connection is also activated.
[0062] As in Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown in FIG, the centrifugal disc 3 is constructed in a split manner in another embodiment. The two parts 40 of the centrifugal disc 3 are connected to each other by means of a tangential threaded member 41 passing through the two parts. Each of the parts 40 is formed as a half ring.
[0063] The screw 41 presses the two parts together.
[0064] Preferably, the separation plane of the centrifugal disc 3 contains the axis of rotation of the shaft 1 .
[0065] In a further embodiment according to the invention, the centrifugal disk 3 is designed in two or more parts. Preferably, the separation plane is oriented in such a way that the normal to the separation plane is parallel to the axis of rotation of the shaft 1. Thus, the two parts of the centrifugal disk can be moved relative to each other in the axial direction and the centrifugal disk can be connected to the shaft in a clamping manner, i.e., in a force-locking manner. In this case, the first of the parts is formed as a ring and the second part is formed as a slotted sleeve.
[0066] List of reference numerals:
[0067] 1 axis
[0068] 2 Bearings
[0069] 3 centrifugal disc
[0070] 4 shoulders
[0071] 5 Shell parts
[0072] 6 Slots, especially radial slots
[0073] 7 Bearing flange
[0074] 8 Cooling fins
Claims
1. A reducer, comprising a shaft and a centrifugal disc, The shaft is rotatably supported by means of at least one bearing, The centrifugal disc is connected to the shaft in a non-rotatable manner. It is characterized in that The centrifugal disk has, in particular at its radially outer edge, a conical region.
2. The reducer according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The bearing, in particular the outer ring of the bearing, is received in the bearing flange. The bearing flange is connected to the housing part of the gear unit, in particular by means of screws.
3. A reducer according to any one of the preceding claims, It is characterized in that Grooves, in particular radial grooves, are arranged in the conical region.
4. A reducer according to any one of the preceding claims, It is characterized in that The grooves are spaced apart from one another in the circumferential direction, in particular are spaced apart uniformly from one another.
5. A reducer according to any one of the preceding claims, It is characterized in that A shoulder is formed on the inner side, in particular the inner surface, of the housing part. and / or, The first inner surface area of the housing part has a smaller radial distance from the axis of rotation of the shaft than the second inner surface area of the housing part, The shoulder is arranged in the axial direction between the first inner surface area and the second inner surface area, In particular, the first inner surface region adjoins the shoulder and the second inner surface region adjoins the shoulder on a side thereof facing away from the first inner surface region in the axial direction.
6. A reducer according to any one of the preceding claims, It is characterized in that the area covered by the second inner surface area in the axial direction includes the area covered by the tapered area in the axial direction, i.e. in particular in the direction of the axis of rotation of the shaft, or the area covered by the tapered area in the axial direction overlaps the area covered by the second inner surface area in the axial direction, and / or, At the rated rotational speed of the shaft, the oil that is centrifugally ejected from the conical region splashes onto the region covered by the first inner surface region in the axial direction.
7. A reducer according to any one of the preceding claims, It is characterized in that The area covered by the centrifugal disk in the axial direction is axially spaced apart from the area covered by the first inner surface area in the axial direction, and / or, The area covered by the second inner surface area in the axial direction includes the area covered by the centrifugal disk in the axial direction, or the area covered by the centrifugal disk in the axial direction overlaps with the area covered by the second inner surface area in the axial direction.
8. A reducer according to any one of the preceding claims, It is characterized in that At the rated speed of the shaft, the oil centrifugally ejected from the grooves, in particular from the respective groove edges, splashes, in particular at least partially, onto the area covered by the second inner surface area in the axial direction.
9. A reducer according to any one of the preceding claims, It is characterized in that On the radial inner side of the conical area of the centrifugal disc, the centrifugal disc is in the shape of a perforated plate. The area covered by the second inner surface area in the axial direction includes the area covered by the perforated plate-shaped area in the axial direction, i.e. in particular in the direction of the rotation axis of the shaft, or the area covered by the perforated plate-shaped area in the axial direction overlaps with the area covered by the second inner surface area in the axial direction.
10. A reducer according to any one of the preceding claims, It is characterized in that The housing part has cooling fins on its outer side. and / or, The centrifugal disk, in particular at least the part of the centrifugal disk which has the conical region of the centrifugal disk, has the conical region as an unmachined casting surface, and / or, The area covered by the cooling fins in the axial direction is spaced apart from the area covered by the first inner surface area in the axial direction, and overlaps with the area covered by the second inner surface area in the axial direction.
11. A reducer according to any one of the preceding claims, It is characterized in that The rated speed has a value between 2000 rpm and 3100 rpm.
12. A reducer according to any one of the preceding claims, It is characterized in that The centrifugal disk has, in the radial range covered by the conical region, a wall thickness measured in the axial direction which increases with increasing radial distance.
13. A reducer according to any one of the preceding claims, It is characterized in that The radial distance is based on the axis of rotation of the shaft. The axial direction is parallel to the direction of the rotation axis of the shaft, and the circumferential direction is also based on the rotation axis of the shaft.
14. A reducer according to any one of the preceding claims, It is characterized in that The shaft, in particular the axis of rotation of the shaft, is oriented vertically.
15. A reducer according to any one of the preceding claims, It is characterized in that The bearing is arranged above the centrifugal disc. and / or, The centrifugal disc is constructed as a rotating body except for the grooves. and / or, The centrifugal disk is composed of at least two parts, wherein the separation plane contains the axis of rotation of the shaft, in particular a screw which penetrates the two parts and is oriented in an especially tangential direction presses the two parts together, in particular so that the centrifugal disk is connected to the shaft in a non-positive manner, in particular clamped, or, The centrifugal disk is formed by a slotted sleeve and a ring which is placed or screwed onto the slotted sleeve and has a conical region, in particular so that the slotted sleeve, in particular the centrifugal disk, is connected, in particular clamped, to the shaft in a non-positively locking manner.