Flotation machine assembly for mineral separation and synchronous anti-abrasion process

Abstract

The invention discloses a flotation machine assembly for mineral separation and a synchronous anti-abrasion process. A flotation machine stator comprises a bottom base plate, an aluminum oxide ceramic rubber lining plate, ZTA blade port porcelain, aluminum oxide outer circle port porcelain, aluminum oxide inner circle port porcelain, ZTA corner porcelain and aluminum oxide capping porcelain. The flotation machine rotor comprises a flange seat, a flange, a shaft rod, an upper blade steel plate, a lower blade steel plate, base body port porcelain, an upper blade ceramic chip, a lower blade ceramic chip, a rotor base body and corner porcelain. The flotation machine cover plate comprises a base body ceramic rubber plate, an M20 internal thread stud, base body outer port porcelain, base body inner port porcelain and a steel piece base body. According to the synchronous abrasion method, according to the on-site abrasion condition, the ceramic type is comprehensively analyzed and designed in a point-to-point mode, different ceramic materials are matched, and ceramic and steel parts are connected in different modes, so that the abrasion resistance is greatly improved, meanwhile, the maintenance frequency is reduced, and the comprehensive cost is greatly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mineral processing machinery, and in particular to a flotation machine component for mineral processing and a synchronous anti-wear process. Background Art

[0002] Flotation machines, also known as floatation concentrators, are used to separate mineral particles during mineral processing. Their key components include the cover plate, stator and rotor. These components are exposed to an environment containing slurry and mineral particles for a long time during the flotation process, and are susceptible to severe impact, wear and corrosion, which affects the service life and separation efficiency of the equipment.

[0003] The Chinese patent with application number CN201310441002.X, a wear-resistant flotation machine rotor device, includes a cover plate and blades. The cover plate is circular, and there is a through hole in the center of the cover plate. A filter cover is installed on the through hole. A connecting plate is fixed to one end face of the blade. The blade is fixed to the cover plate through the connecting plate. The connecting plate and the cover plate are connected with hexagon socket bolts. The blades are evenly arranged upright along the circumference of the cover plate, and a wear-resistant lining is provided on the surface of the blade facing the ore pulp flow direction.

[0004] The above flotation machine rotor device still has the following disadvantages: the cover plate, stator and rotor are easily worn and corroded by slurry particles during the flotation process; the anti-wear solution is relatively simple, usually using pure rubber, wear-resistant steel or pure ceramic materials, which fails to effectively solve the wear problem of local or key areas under specific working conditions; due to the generally short service life of anti-wear materials, frequent replacement is required, increasing maintenance and operating costs; the current anti-wear materials have a short service life, resulting in a high replacement frequency and increased maintenance costs. For this reason, we propose a flotation machine component and a synchronous anti-wear process for mineral processing. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a flotation machine component for ore dressing and a synchronous anti-wear process to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a flotation machine assembly for mineral processing, comprising a rotor, a stator forming a grinding structure with the rotor, and a cover plate covering the top of the rotor, the stator comprising a bottom substrate, an alumina cover porcelain is arranged on the outer side of the bottom substrate, an alumina ceramic rubber lining is pasted on the alumina cover porcelain, a ZTA blade port porcelain is arranged on the outer side of the alumina ceramic rubber lining, an alumina outer circular port porcelain and an alumina inner circular port porcelain are respectively arranged on the outer circular end and the inner circular end of the bottom substrate and the alumina cover porcelain, and the ZTA corner porcelain is pasted on the connection between the alumina ceramic rubber lining and the alumina cover porcelain.

[0007] Preferably, the bottom substrate uses a steel plate as a skeleton; the alumina ceramic rubber liner is formed by vulcanization of alumina wear-resistant ceramic and rubber, and then fixed to the bottom substrate by glue.

[0008] Preferably, the alumina outer round port porcelain, the alumina inner round port porcelain and the ZTA corner porcelain are fixed by milling grooves on the bottom substrate.

[0009] Preferably, the alumina cover porcelain and ZTA corner porcelain are fixed on the bottom substrate by strong glue, the alumina ceramic rubber liner, alumina outer circular port porcelain, alumina inner circular port porcelain and alumina cover porcelain are all made of alumina material, and the ZTA blade port porcelain and ZTA corner porcelain are made of alumina and zirconium oxide composite materials.

[0010] Preferably, the rotor includes a rotor base, a flange seat is fixed on the inside of the rotor base and welded to the flange, the middle part of the flange is connected to the shaft by a key, the upper blade steel plate and the lower blade steel plate are respectively fixed on both sides of the rotor base, the base port porcelain is fixed to the outside of the rotor base, the upper blade porcelain and the lower blade porcelain are respectively installed on the edges of the upper blade steel plate and the lower blade steel plate, and the corner porcelain is bonded and fixed at the connecting corners of the upper blade porcelain, the lower blade porcelain and the rotor base.

[0011] Preferably, the flange seat and the flange are both made of steel plates, the flange seat is provided with a groove for positioning the flange, and is welded to the flange as a whole; the upper blade steel plate and the lower blade steel plate are both made of steel plates, and are welded to the flange seat as a whole.

[0012] Preferably, the upper blade ceramics, the lower blade ceramics and the base port ceramics are all made of alumina material; and the corner ceramics are ZTA ceramics made of a composite material of alumina and zirconium oxide.

[0013] Preferably, the cover plate includes a steel substrate, a substrate ceramic rubber plate is provided on the outside of the steel substrate, substrate outer port ceramics and substrate inner port ceramics are provided on the inner and outer sides of the steel substrate and the substrate ceramic rubber plate, respectively, and M20 internal threaded studs are provided on the steel substrate and the substrate ceramic rubber plate.

[0014] Preferably, the M20 internal threaded stud is made of steel, and a groove for positioning the M20 internal threaded stud is provided on the steel substrate. The two become one after welding, and the substrate outer port porcelain and the substrate inner port porcelain are fixed by the milling groove on the steel substrate, and the substrate ceramic rubber plate, the substrate outer port porcelain and the substrate inner port porcelain are fixed to the steel substrate by bonding.

[0015] A synchronous anti-wear process for flotation machine components for mineral processing is also provided, comprising the following steps:

[0016] S1. Combined installation and connection of the stator: The bottom substrate uses a steel plate as the skeleton; the alumina ceramic rubber liner is made of alumina wear-resistant ceramic and rubber, which are vulcanized and formed into a whole and then fixed to the bottom substrate with glue. The alumina outer round port ceramic, alumina inner round port ceramic and ZTA corner ceramic need to be milled with grooves on the bottom substrate to prevent the ceramic pieces from falling off;

[0017] S2. Firing of the wear-resistant materials of the stator: Alumina cover porcelain and ZTA corner porcelain are fixed to the bottom substrate by strong glue; Alumina ceramic rubber lining, alumina outer round port porcelain, alumina inner round port porcelain and alumina cover porcelain are made of alumina material, which are formed by dry pressing and then placed in a tunnel kiln for high-temperature sintering; ZTA blade port porcelain and ZTA corner porcelain are made of alumina and zirconia composite materials, which are formed by dry pressing and then placed in a tunnel kiln for high-temperature sintering;

[0018] S3. Combined installation and connection of the rotor: the flange seat and the flange are made of steel plates, and there are grooves on the flange seat for positioning the mounting flange, which are then welded into a whole; the upper blade steel plate and the lower blade steel plate are made of steel plates, which are welded into a whole with the flange seat;

[0019] S4. Firing of wear-resistant materials of rotor: upper blade ceramics, lower blade ceramics, base end ceramics, upper blade ceramics and lower blade ceramics are made of alumina material, which are formed by dry pressing and then placed in a tunnel kiln for high-temperature sintering; corner ceramics are ZTA ceramics, which are made of alumina and zirconium oxide composite materials, which are formed by dry pressing and then placed in a tunnel kiln for high-temperature sintering;

[0020] S5. Assembly and firing of the wear-resistant material of the cover plate: The steel base and M20 internal thread studs are made of ordinary steel. A groove for positioning the M20 internal thread stud is provided on the steel base, and then welded into a whole. The base outer port porcelain and base inner port porcelain need to be milled in grooves on the steel base to prevent the porcelain from falling off; the base ceramic rubber plate, base outer port porcelain and base inner port porcelain are bonded to the steel base with special rubber glue.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] 1. The synchronous wear method of the present invention is to conduct a comprehensive analysis based on the on-site wear conditions, design different ceramic types in a targeted manner, and match the corresponding ceramic materials. At the same time, the anti-wear method of ceramics and steel parts adopts different connection methods, which not only significantly improves the resistance of parts to wear and corrosion in slurry, but also reduces the maintenance frequency, thereby greatly reducing the overall cost;

[0023] 2. The design and material selection of the stator, rotor and cover make the replacement and maintenance of components easier, reducing the maintenance workload and frequency; through precise combination installation and firing process, the structure of each component stator, rotor and cover is more stable, reducing the loosening or falling off of components due to wear;

[0024] 3. The use of high-performance anti-wear materials and reasonable structural design improves the overall working efficiency and flotation effect of the flotation machine, ensuring the stability and consistency of the pulp treatment process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the flotation machine assembly for mineral processing of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the side cross-section structure of the stator of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 1 The enlarged schematic diagram at A in the middle;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the stator structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 This is one of the schematic diagrams of the rotor side cross-section structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 This is the second schematic diagram of the rotor side cross-section structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the rotor structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the side cross-sectional structure of the cover plate of the present invention;

[0033] Fig. 9 For the present invention Figure 8 The enlarged schematic diagram of point B in the middle;

[0034] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the cover plate structure of the present invention;

[0035] In the figure: 1. bottom substrate; 2. alumina ceramic rubber lining; 3. ZTA blade port porcelain; 4. alumina outer round port porcelain; 5. alumina inner round port porcelain; 6. ZTA corner porcelain; 7. alumina cover porcelain; 8. flange; 9. shaft; 10. upper blade steel plate; 11. lower blade steel plate; 12. base port porcelain; 13. upper blade porcelain; 14. lower blade porcelain; 15. rotor base; 16. corner porcelain; 17. flange seat; 18. base ceramic rubber plate; 19. M20 internal thread stud; 20. base outer port porcelain; 21. base inner port porcelain; 22. steel base. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] See also Figure 1-Figure 4 The present invention provides a technical solution: a flotation machine component for mineral processing, comprising a rotor, a stator forming a grinding structure with the rotor, and a cover plate covering the rotor, wherein the stator comprises a bottom substrate 1, an alumina cover porcelain 7 is arranged on the outside of the bottom substrate 1, an alumina ceramic rubber lining plate 2 is pasted on the alumina cover porcelain 7, a ZTA blade port porcelain 3 is arranged on the outside of the alumina ceramic rubber lining plate 2, an alumina outer round port porcelain 4 and an alumina inner round port porcelain 5 are respectively arranged on the outer round end and the inner round end of the bottom substrate 1 and the alumina cover porcelain 7, and a ZTA corner porcelain 6 is pasted on the connection between the alumina ceramic rubber lining plate 2 and the alumina cover porcelain 7.

[0038] In order to realize the combined installation of the stator, in this embodiment, preferably, the bottom substrate 1 uses a steel plate as a skeleton; the alumina ceramic rubber liner 2 is formed by vulcanization of alumina wear-resistant ceramic and rubber and then fixed to the bottom substrate 1 by glue.

[0039] In order to install the wear-resistant mechanism and prevent it from falling, in this embodiment, preferably, the alumina outer circular port porcelain 4, the alumina inner circular port porcelain 5 and the ZTA corner porcelain 6 need to be fixed by milling grooves on the bottom substrate 1 to prevent the porcelain pieces from falling.

[0040] In order to realize the firing of the stator and improve the wear resistance of the stator, in the present embodiment, preferably, the alumina cover porcelain 7 and the ZTA corner porcelain 6 are fixed to the bottom substrate 1 by strong glue; the alumina ceramic rubber liner 2, the alumina outer cylindrical port porcelain 4, the alumina inner cylindrical port porcelain 5 and the alumina cover porcelain 7 are made of alumina material, which is formed by dry pressing and then placed in a tunnel kiln for high-temperature sintering; the ZTA blade port porcelain 3 and the ZTA corner porcelain 6 are made of alumina and zirconium oxide composite materials, which are formed by dry pressing and then placed in a tunnel kiln for high-temperature sintering.

[0041] refer to Figure 5-7A flotation machine rotor for mineral processing comprises a flange seat 17, a flange 8, a shaft 9, an upper blade steel plate 10, a lower blade steel plate 11, a base end porcelain 12, an upper blade porcelain piece 13, a lower blade porcelain piece 14, a rotor base 15 and a corner porcelain 16; the flange seat 17 is fixedly provided on the inner side of the rotor base 15, the flange 8 is fixedly connected to the flange seat 17, and the middle key of the flange 8 is connected to the shaft 9; the upper blade steel plate 10 and the lower blade steel plate 11 are respectively fixedly connected to the two sides of the rotor base 15, and the base end porcelain 12 is fixed on the outer side of the rotor base 15; the upper blade porcelain piece 13 and the lower blade porcelain piece 14 are respectively arranged on the edges of the upper blade steel plate 10 and the lower blade steel plate 11, and the corner porcelain 16 is fixedly adhered to the connection angle between the upper blade porcelain piece 13 and the lower blade porcelain piece 14 and the rotor base 15.

[0042] In order to realize the combined installation connection of the rotor, in this embodiment, preferably, the flange seat 17 and the flange 8 are made of steel plates, and the flange seat 17 has a groove for positioning and installing the flange 8, and then welded into a whole; the upper blade steel plate 10 and the lower blade steel plate 11 are made of steel plates, and are welded to the flange seat 17 into a whole.

[0043] In order to realize the firing of the rotor and improve the wear resistance of the rotor, in the present embodiment, preferably, the upper blade ceramic 13, the lower blade ceramic 14, the base port ceramic 12, the upper blade ceramic 13 and the lower blade ceramic 14 are made of alumina material, which is formed by dry pressing and then placed in a tunnel kiln for high-temperature sintering; the corner ceramic 16 is ZTA ceramic, which is made of a composite material of alumina and zirconium oxide, which is formed by dry pressing and then placed in a tunnel kiln for high-temperature sintering.

[0044] refer to Figure 8-10 A flotation machine cover for mineral processing includes a base ceramic rubber plate 18, an M20 internal threaded stud 19, a base outer port ceramic 20, a base inner port ceramic 21 and a steel base 22; the base ceramic rubber plate 18 is provided on the outer side of the steel base 22, the base outer port ceramic 20 and the base inner port ceramic 21 are provided on the inner and outer sides of the steel base 22 and the base ceramic rubber plate 18 respectively, and the steel base 22 and the base ceramic rubber plate 18 are provided with an M20 internal threaded stud 19.

[0045] In order to realize the combined installation of the cover plate, and to realize the firing of the cover plate and improve the wear resistance of the cover plate, in this embodiment, preferably, the steel base 22 and the M20 internal threaded stud 19 are made of ordinary steel, and a groove for positioning the M20 internal threaded stud 19 is provided on the steel base 22, and then welded into a whole, the base outer port porcelain 20 and the base inner port porcelain 21 need to be milled with grooves on the steel base 22 to prevent the porcelain pieces from falling off; the base ceramic rubber plate 18, the base outer port porcelain 20 and the base inner port porcelain 21 are bonded to the steel base 22 by special rubber glue.

[0046] The present invention also provides a technical solution: a synchronous anti-wear process for flotation machine components for mineral processing, comprising the following steps:

[0047] S1. Assembly installation and connection of the stator: Check the size and surface quality of the bottom substrate 1 and all stator components. The bottom substrate 1 is made of steel plate as the skeleton; the alumina ceramic rubber liner 2 is made of alumina wear-resistant ceramic and rubber and then fixed to the bottom substrate 1 by glue. The alumina outer round port porcelain 4, alumina inner round port porcelain 5 and ZTA corner porcelain 6 need to be milled on the bottom substrate 1 to prevent the porcelain from falling off;

[0048] S2. Firing of the wear-resistant material of the stator: the alumina cover porcelain 7 and the ZTA corner porcelain 6 are fixed to the bottom substrate 1 by strong glue; the alumina ceramic rubber liner 2, the alumina outer cylindrical port porcelain 4, the alumina inner cylindrical port porcelain 5 and the alumina cover porcelain 7 are made of alumina material, which are formed by dry pressing and then placed in a tunnel kiln for high-temperature sintering; the oxygen ZTA blade port porcelain 3 and the ZTA corner porcelain 6 are made of alumina and zirconium oxide composite materials, which are formed by dry pressing and then placed in a tunnel kiln for high-temperature sintering;

[0049] S3. Combined installation connection of the rotor: the flange seat 17 and the flange 8 are made of steel plates, and the flange seat 17 has a groove for positioning the mounting flange 8, and then welded into a whole; the upper blade steel plate 10 and the lower blade steel plate 11 are made of steel plates, and are welded to the flange seat 17 into a whole;

[0050] S4, firing of wear-resistant materials of the rotor: upper blade ceramics 13, lower blade ceramics 14, base end ceramics 12, upper blade ceramics 13 and lower blade ceramics 14 are made of alumina material, which are formed by dry pressing and then placed in a tunnel kiln for high-temperature sintering; corner ceramics 16 are ZTA ceramics, which are made of alumina and zirconium oxide composite materials, which are formed by dry pressing and then placed in a tunnel kiln for high-temperature sintering;

[0051] S5. Assembly and firing of the wear-resistant material of the cover plate: the steel base 22 and the M20 internal threaded stud 19 are made of ordinary steel. A groove for positioning the M20 internal threaded stud 19 is provided on the steel base 22, and then welded into a whole. The base outer port porcelain 20 and the base inner port porcelain 21 need to be milled with grooves on the steel base 22 to prevent the porcelain pieces from falling off; the base ceramic rubber plate 18, the base outer port porcelain 20 and the base inner port porcelain 21 are bonded together with the steel base 22 by special rubber glue, and the assembled cover plate is sintered at high temperature in a tunnel kiln.

[0052] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A flotation machine assembly for mineral processing, comprising a rotor, a stator forming a grinding structure with the rotor, and a cover plate covering the rotor, characterized in that: The stator comprises a bottom substrate (1), an alumina cover porcelain (7) is arranged on the outside of the bottom substrate (1), an alumina ceramic rubber lining (2) is adhered to the alumina cover porcelain (7), a ZTA blade port porcelain (3) is arranged on the outside of the alumina ceramic rubber lining (2), an alumina outer round port porcelain (4) and an alumina inner round port porcelain (5) are arranged at the outer round end and the inner round end of the bottom substrate (1) and the alumina cover porcelain (7), respectively, and a ZTA corner porcelain (6) is adhered to the connection between the alumina ceramic rubber lining (2) and the alumina cover porcelain (7).

2. A flotation machine assembly for mineral processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom substrate (1) uses a steel plate as a skeleton; the alumina ceramic rubber lining plate (2) is formed by vulcanization of alumina wear-resistant ceramic and rubber, and then fixed on the bottom substrate (1) by glue.

3. A flotation machine assembly for mineral processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The alumina outer circular port porcelain (4), the alumina inner circular port porcelain (5) and the ZTA corner porcelain (6) are fixed via milled grooves on the bottom substrate (1).

4. A flotation machine assembly for mineral processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The alumina cover porcelain (7) and the ZTA corner porcelain (6) are fixed on the bottom substrate (1) by strong adhesive bonding; the alumina ceramic rubber liner (2), the alumina outer circular port porcelain (4), the alumina inner circular port porcelain (5) and the alumina cover porcelain (7) are all made of alumina material; and the ZTA blade port porcelain (3) and the ZTA corner porcelain (6) are made of a composite material of alumina and zirconium oxide.

5. A flotation machine assembly for mineral processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotor comprises a rotor base (15), a flange seat (17) is fixed on the inner side of the rotor base (15) and is welded to a flange (8) as a whole, the middle part of the flange (8) is connected to a shaft rod (9) by a key, an upper blade steel plate (10) and a lower blade steel plate (11) are respectively fixed on both sides of the rotor base (15), a base port porcelain (12) is fixed on the outer side of the rotor base (15), an upper blade porcelain piece (13) and a lower blade porcelain piece (14) are respectively installed on the edges of the upper blade steel plate (10) and the lower blade steel plate (11), and a corner porcelain (16) is adhesively fixed at the connection angle between the upper blade porcelain piece (13), the lower blade porcelain piece (14) and the rotor base (15).

6. A flotation machine assembly for mineral processing according to claim 5, characterized in that: The flange seat (17) and the flange (8) are both made of steel plates. The flange seat (17) is provided with a groove for positioning the flange (8) and is welded to the flange (8) as a whole. The upper blade steel plate (10) and the lower blade steel plate (11) are both made of steel plates and are welded to the flange seat (17) as a whole.

7. A flotation machine assembly for mineral processing according to claim 5, characterized in that: The upper blade ceramic sheet (13), the lower blade ceramic sheet (14) and the base port ceramic sheet (12) are all made of alumina material; and the corner ceramic sheet (16) is a ZTA ceramic made of a composite material of alumina and zirconium oxide.

8. A flotation machine assembly for mineral processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cover plate comprises a steel substrate (22), a substrate ceramic rubber plate (18) is arranged on the outer side of the steel substrate (22), substrate outer port ceramics (20) and substrate inner port ceramics (21) are arranged on the inner and outer sides of the steel substrate (22) and the substrate ceramic rubber plate (18), and M20 internal threaded studs (19) are arranged on both the steel substrate (22) and the substrate ceramic rubber plate (18).

9. A flotation machine assembly for mineral processing according to claim 8, characterized in that: The M20 internal thread stud (19) is made of steel, and a groove for positioning the M20 internal thread stud (19) is provided on the steel base (22). The two become one after welding, and the base external end porcelain (20) and the base internal end porcelain (21) are fixed by the milling groove on the steel base (22). The base ceramic rubber plate (18), the base external end porcelain (20) and the base internal end porcelain (21) are fixed on the steel base (22) by bonding.

10. A synchronous anti-wear process for flotation machine components for mineral processing, which uses the flotation machine components described in claims 1-9 to achieve synchronous anti-wear, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Assembly and connection of the stator: Check the size and surface quality of the bottom substrate (1) and all stator components, and fix the alumina ceramic rubber lining (2) on the bottom substrate (1) with glue; mill grooves on the substrate to fix the alumina outer round port porcelain (4), inner round port porcelain (5) and ZTA corner porcelain (6) to prevent them from falling; S2, firing of the stator wear-resistant material: using strong glue to fix the alumina cover porcelain (7) and the ZTA corner porcelain (6) on the bottom substrate (1), dry-pressing the stator wear-resistant material, and then sintering it at high temperature in a tunnel kiln; S3. Assembled installation and connection of the rotor: Check the dimensions and surface quality of the flange seat (17), the flange (8), the upper blade steel plate (10) and the lower blade steel plate (11); weld the flange (8) to the flange seat (17), and fix the blade steel plates (10, 11) to the rotor base (15); S4, firing of the wear-resistant material of the rotor: dry-pressing the upper blade ceramic sheet (13), the lower blade ceramic sheet (14), the base end ceramic sheet (12) and the corner ceramic sheet (16), and then placing them in a tunnel kiln for high-temperature sintering; S5. Assembly and firing of the wear-resistant material of the cover plate: The steel base (22) and the M20 internal thread stud (19) are welded into a whole, the base outer port porcelain (20) and the base inner port porcelain (21) are fixed in the milled grooves on the steel base (22) to prevent the porcelain pieces from falling off, the base ceramic rubber plate (18) is bonded to the steel base (22) with glue, and at the same time, it is ensured that the base outer port porcelain (20) and the base inner port porcelain (21) are also firmly bonded, and the assembled cover plate is sintered at high temperature in a tunnel kiln.

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